Alopecia Research Articles

Scope of Ayurvedic Nasal Instillation Therapy (Nasya Karma) in Cosmetology: A Review

Cosmetics has become an important & influential part of human’s daily life in today’s world due to one’s tendency for self-care & regard as it boost their confidence and self-esteem. The increase in daily use of these various cosmetics has also garnered a lot of increased demand in pharmaceutical industry; resulting into various harmful & chemical drug practices for monetary gain also leading to lots of side effects of such cosmetics on human skin. The beauty ailments that commonly affect people are hair fall, greying of hairs, dandruff, acne, melasma, minor skin and oral disorders. These problems are not only difficult to treat but also requires a lot of expenses too. Ayurveda has mentioned various methods to tackle these problems as Ayurvedic scholars has put heavy weightage on importance of beauty; external as well as internal in both male and female and has described treatments for these ailments in ancient texts such as Nasya Karma [Ayurvedic Nasal Instillation Therapy]. Nasya is one of famous Panchakarma procedure used for management of above mention cosmetic ailments. It is a procedure in which herbal drug [oil/decoction/extract/powder] is instilled through nasal route and is highly appreciated for its therapeutic value in diseases related to Urdhava-Jatrugata [above clavicle region]. In this article, we have discussed various types and probable action of Nasya Karma [Ayurvedic Nasal Instillation Therapy] in these disorders and how this single Ayurvedic procedure can be a one stop solution for multiple beauty ailment and can be helpful in reaching the goal of enhancement of beauty with assurance of safety and prevention from any harmful effect.

Prevalence and Determinants of Hair Fall, Hair Loss and Premature Graying in Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Prevalence and Determinants of Hair Fall, Hair Loss and Premature Graying in Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Consumer survey to evaluate the effects of Mintop serum in the management of hair fall

Background: Hair fall, or alopecia, is a common concern influenced by various factors, necessitating diverse treatment. Methods: This single-group, non-comparative study enrolled 165 participants aged 18-55 years with hair fall complaints. Participants applied Mintop serum twice daily for 90 days. Assessments included hair pull tests, 1-minute comb tests, consumer questionnaires, and dermatologist evaluations at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months. Results: Of the 161 participants who completed the study, significant reductions in hair fall were observed after 1 month (p<0.001) and 3 months (p<0.001) of product use. Participants reported high satisfaction with the serum’s effectiveness in reducing hair fall (100% agreement) and stimulating new hair growth (99.4% after 1 month, 100% after 3 months). Objective measures such as the hair pull test and 1-minute comb test demonstrated substantial decreases in hair shedding across the study period. No adverse events were reported. Conclusions: Mintop Pro+ hair regrowth serum showed promising efficacy in reducing hair fall and improving hair density, strength, and overall hair health. The serum was well-tolerated without adverse effects, suggesting its potential as a safe and effective non-surgical option for managing hair loss.

Filling the Gaps: Vitamin D Status in Diffuse Hair Fall Among Pakistanis

Introduction: Hair loss can happen for various reasons, including emotional stress, physical strain, certain medical issues, and nutritional gaps. When it comes to nutrition, a lack of vitamin D3 could be linked to diffuse hair loss. Objectives: The aim was to look for the frequency of vitamin D3 deficiency with diffuse hair fall especially in Pakistani population. Methods: A total of 120 patients of both genders and all ages presenting to the Dermatology Clinic with complaints of non-scarring alopecia and loss of over 100 strands of hair within a 24-hour period (counted by patient), of any duration and positive hair pull test were advised to take serum vitamin D3. Tests and results were then analyzed by SPSS statistical software package (version 19.0 for Windows). Results: The mean age of participants enrolled in the study was 28.56 ± 11.62 years. The majority of the patients, i.e., 77 (63.64%) were ≤30 years of age. Among the 120 patients, 17 were males and 103 were females. Mean serum vitamin D3 levels were 17.33 ± 5.43 ng/ml. Frequency of vitamin D3 deficiency in patients with diffuse hair fall was seen in 95 (79.17%) patients with 37 patients having female pattern hair loss, 7 patients with male pattern hair loss, 7 patients with diffuse alopecia areata, and 44 patients with telogen effluvium. Conclusions: This study concluded that there is considerable frequency of vitamin D3 deficiency in individuals with diffuse hair fall. So, we recommend that there should be early recognition and treatment of this condition in these particular patients in order to reduce hair fall.

Exosomes for Treating Hair Loss: A Review of Clinical Studies.

The regenerative properties of exosomes make them especially appealing to treat skin and hair diseases. Preclinical studies suggest that exosomes may fuel hair growth by stimulating dermal papilla cells, activating hair follicle stem cells, and promoting angiogenesis. However, very limited data are available on the safety and efficacy of exosome use in human subjects. To review the published literature on exosome use in human subjects with a focus on safety and the challenges facing clinical implementation in the treatment of androgenetic and nonscarring alopecias. A review was conducted of PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases and included 48 studies. Twenty-five studies were clinical trials, 14 case reports, 4 case series, 1 retrospective review, and 4 conference abstracts. Nine clinical studies were found relevant to alopecia. One hundred twenty-five patients received an exosome treatment for hair loss. Side effects were rare. However, in the broader field of dermatology, at least 10 serious adverse events have been reported. Although exosomes have many promising therapeutic applications, there is demand for larger well-designed clinical trials with extended follow-up periods to prove efficacy and a need for consistent manufacturing standards and regulatory oversight to ensure product safety.

Biallelic pathogenic variants in the LSS gene cause congenital alopecia-cataract syndrome.

Biallelic variants in the LSS gene have been reported in individuals affected by alopecia-intellectual disability syndrome 4, cataract 44, hypotrichosis 14, and palmoplantar keratoderma-congenital alopecia syndrome type 2. The present report described a Chinese girl with congenital alopecia universalis, cataract, esotropia, and nystagmus caused by compound heterozygous variants of c.1025T>G (p.Ile342Ser) and previously unreported c.1011G>A (p.Pro337=) in the LSS gene. Minigene assay confirmed the synonymous variant Pro337= at the edge of exon 9 could produce a novel splice site, leading to a 46-bp insertion of the 5' sequence of the intron 9, likely resulting in a frameshift effect. We consider that the clinical manifestations of this case represent a new type of LSS-related disease, namely congenital alopecia-cataract syndrome (CACS). Our data expand the phenotypic and genetic spectrum of LSS-related diseases.

12405 A Severe Case Of Virilization Of Premenopausal Woman Secondary To A Rare Testosterone Producing Sertoli Cell Tumor

Abstract Disclosure: S. Waheed: None. N.J. Vernetti: None. S. Nakhle: None. Introduction: We present a case of a premenopausal woman with elevated testosterone who was diagnosed with an aggressive Sertoli cell tumor of the ovary. Case Description: A 49-year-old multiparous female presented to the clinic with hirsutism and markedly elevated testosterone levels. Her symptoms started a year before the presentation with diffuse alopecia, acne, and increased muscle mass. Last menstrual periods were 3 years, prior to the presentation.Denies any exposure to testosterone herself or indirectly through family. On physical exam, blood pressure 170/122 coarse features, oily skin, and muscular build. She had terminal hair loss and increased hair growth on face and arms. Laboratory data revealed testosterone levels of 9280 ng/dl (reference range premenopausal 18-55 ng/dl), free testosterone > 50 ng/dl (premenopausal0-4.2 ng/dl), LH <0.3 mIU/mL (2.4-12.6 mIU/mL), FSH <0.3 mIU/mL (3.6-12.5 mIU/mL), 17-OHP 2270 ng/dl (15-70 ng/dl), DHEA-S 71 ug/dl (<229 ug/dl), LDL 128 mg/dl, Creatinine 1.29 and hematocrit 56% (34-44.6%). CT abdomen/pelvis showed 10 cm ovarian mass. She underwent Total Abdominal Hysterectomy-Bilateral Salpingo Oophorectomy (TAH-BSO). After the surgery, her testosterone levels normalized and features of hyperandrogenism resolved. Pathology report revealed sex cord stromal tumor Not otherwise specified (NOS) with cellular atypia and possible aggressive behavior. Discussion: Androgen-producing tumors in women are rare neoplasms that can cause secondary virilizing characteristics. Of patients presenting with symptoms of hyperandrogenism, these tumors are found in ∼0.2% of cases. Androgen-producing tumors can arise from the ovary or the adrenal gland. Those arising from the ovary are rare, accounting for <5% of all ovarian tumors. Few cases of steroid cell tumors, not otherwise specified, have been reported in the literature.Testosterone elevation of more than 2 times upper normal limit increases the suspicion for cancer. In our patient, testosterone was 180 times above the normal range for women and 15 times above the normal range for men. With rapid virilization and significant elevation in testosterone, an androgen producing ovarian tumors should be considered. Presentation: 6/2/2024

Psychological Profile of Patients Presenting with Dermatological Complaints: A Cross-sectional Study

Objectives: The study evaluates the psychological profile in patients presenting to a dermatological clinic in Mumbai, India. Materials and Methods: We evaluated anxiety, depression, stress, anger, body image, and relationships in 63 outpatients presenting with dermatological complaints. We used linear regression models for multivariate analyses for coefficient and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: The mean age (standard deviation [SD]) was 37.4 (14.9) years; 30 (51%) were female and 31 (49%) were male. The common diagnoses were papulosquamous conditions (24%), acne (18%), hair fall (15%), pigmentary conditions (11%), pruritus (10%), and infection (8%). The mean anxiety (SD) score was highest in pigmentary conditions (11.6 [13.9]), depression (15.0 [5.0]) and posttraumatic stress scores (16.3 [25.6]) in pigmentary conditions, social phobia scores in allergy (21.8 [17.0]), and anger scores in acne (25.4 [6.3]). The mean (SD) family scores were lowest in pruritus (8.0 4.2]), body image in infection (3.6 [0.9]), and self-image in pigmentation (6.0 [2.3]). The mean social phobia scores were higher in allergy compared with acne (12.2, 95% CI: 1.6, 22.8, P = 0.02). Body image scores were lower in pruritus (−7.7, 95% CI: −14.5, −0.9, P = 0.03). Conclusion: The psychological parameters differ in various dermatological conditions; hence, a complete profile analysis will be beneficial for designing interventions in these patients.

A New Purpose to Old Arsenal: Exploring the Safety and Efficacy of a New Regimen Comprising a Combination of Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Cetrimide for Seborrheic Dermatitis Treatment in a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Seborrheic dermatitis is a common scalp condition affecting the quality of life of individuals across all age groups. The uninhibited proliferation of Malassezia spp. and enhanced sebaceous gland activity often leads to scalp flaking, mild erythema, and itching, thereby worsening the situation. Here, we aimed to study the efficacy of an antiseptic liquid as a pre-shampoo rinse followed by a non-anti-dandruff shampoo as a dandruff care strategy. Methods: The anti-dandruff efficacy of a chlorhexidine-cetrimide-based antiseptic liquid (ASL) as a pre-shampoo scalp rinse, followed by a regular non-anti-dandruff shampoo, was compared with a commercialZinc pyrithione (ZnPTO) based anti-dandruff shampoo following a half-head paired treatment design in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. The study was conducted on 50 healthy human adults of both genderswith moderate to severe dandruff. During the 12 weeks of this study, the product's safety and efficacy were evaluated based on the dermatologist's visual assessment, the subjects' self-assessment, the loose flake density score, and hair fall. ASL as a pre-shampoo scalp rinse demonstrated significant reduction (p<0.001 for n=47) in dandruff and itching after the treatment and the regression phase, performing at par with a marketed anti-dandruff shampoo. Moreover, ASL was established to be safe, non-irritant, and well-tolerated. No product-related adverse event, discomfort, or irritation symptoms were recorded, having any impact on hair sensory properties. This study demonstrates that a regimen of a chlorhexidine+cetrimide antiseptic liquid for scalp treatment followed by rinse with a regular shampoo can prove as effective as a ZnPTO-based anti-dandruff shampoo in reducing dandruff symptoms for individuals with moderate dandruff.

Incidence and Characteristics of Dermatophytosis Lesions in Cats (Felis catus) at Go Pet Care Animal Clinic (2020-2022)

Dermatophytosis, a dermatological condition caused by dermatophyte fungi, affects the superficial keratinized structures of the skin. The primary etiological agents include the genera Microsporum, Trichophyton, and Epidermophyton. This study examines the incidence and characteristics of dermatophytosis lesions in domestic cats (Felis catus) at Go Pet Care Animal Clinic from 2020 to 2022. The research utilized secondary data from the clinic's medical records, which is a significant reference institution in Kabupaten Bandung Barat, to assess the prevalence and features of dermatophytosis within this population. The findings revealed a prevalence of 7.5% in 2020, 11.3% in 2021, and 3.7% in 2022. The incidence was highest in cats under 1 year of age, with a notable frequency in Persian breed cats and males. Common lesions identified included localized alopecia primarily in the ear region, alopecia in the back region, and crust formation also in the back area. This study provides critical insights into the epidemiology and clinical presentation of dermatophytosis in domestic cats, offering guidance for improved diagnosis and management of the condition.

52489 Drug-Induced Alopecia: A Clinical Review

52489 Drug-Induced Alopecia: A Clinical Review

Actualización de la tricodinia, un reto para los dermatólogos

Trichodynia is the sensation of pain in the scalp, which, in most cases, is associated with certain types of alopecia. Despite being a term coined by Rebora back in 1996 to described patients with diffuse alopecia consistent with telogen effluvium, this symptom has currently been reported in other entities. Androgenic alopecia, scarring alopecia, alopecia areata, trichotillomania, and chemotherapy-induced alopecia are common causes of trichodynia. Similarly, its association with psychiatric comorbidities, including depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder and somatoform disorders has been reported with a higher prevalence among women. Although its pathogenesis is still to be elucidate, some factors involved are substanceP, psychiatric comorbidities and perifollicular inflammation. Clinically it exhibits pain or discomfort of the scalp, almost always in association with hair los. The sensation of pain can occur throughout the scalp or locally in some specific areas. Diagnosis is clinical and one of exclusion. Regarding treatment, there are no specific therapies for trichodynia. However, the use of botulinum toxinA, antidepressants, neuromodulators, propranolol, topical corticosteroids, oral corticosteroids and topical cannabinoids are therapeutic alternatives that should be taken into consideration. Since treatment of trichodynia is still therapeutically challenging for dermatologists more prospective studies are needed to evaluate new therapies.

Chemotherapy induced alopecia in breast cancer patients: A monocentric prospective study.

Alopecia is one of the main adverse events of chemotherapy in breast cancer. However, its impact is often ignored and underestimated by clinicians. Our aim was to evaluate the quality of life of breast cancer patients with chemotherapy induced alopecia. We conducted a prospective study including 72 breast cancer patients who developed alopecia on or after stopping chemotherapy in the last 6 months. Clinical information and characteristics of alopecia were assessed using a self-prepared questionnaire. DLQI score was used to evaluate patients' quality of life. We interviewed a total of 72 women with a mean age of 53.5 ± 6 years. Alopecia appeared soon after the first course in 62.5%. All patients actively tried to hide induced hair fall (either by a hat in 6.9% or by a headscarf in 93.1%). Quality of life was impacted in 97.2% of patients with a median DLQI score of 6.5. Women who did not underwent mastectomy were significantly more bothered by hair loss than those who had radical surgery (78.1% vs 55%, p = 0.04). Working status was a significant predictor factor of a bad quality of life due to alopecia (100% in working women vs 58.3% in homemaker or retired patients, p = 0.006). Chemotherapy induced alopecia had a negative impact on quality of life of patients with breast cancer, especially in working women and those who did not have radical surgery. Prior wearing of headscarves did not impact significantly the DLQI score.

Corona: Covid 19 Presentation as Motor Neuron Disease Corona: A Motor Neuron Disease

Breathing difficulty, difficulty in Deglutition, generalized weakness, pain weakness on the side of lying down., gastroparesis, numbness Constipation, increase sleep hyperglycaemia type 2 Diabetes hypothyroidism, Hypotension, Hypoxia, Irritability, Hair fall.

Zinc Status in Kurdish Adults With Hair Loss.

Zinc is an essential element for hair growth and may act as a strong inhibitor in accelerating follicle regression, besides being an accelerator for the recovery of the hair follicle.This study investigated the status of zinc in Kurdish adults with hair loss and its relation with each of the four types of hair loss. We investigated the zinc status of a sample of Kurdish adults with hair loss who attended the Dermatology Outpatient Clinics at Azadi Teaching Hospital in Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. We included a total of 200 subjects in this study, of which 125 had hair loss with a diagnosis of alopecia areata, female pattern hair loss, male pattern hair loss, and telogen effluvium, and 75 were sex- and age-matched apparently healthy subjects without hair fall as a control group. Serum samples were used to measure zinc by colorimetric technique. In participants with hair loss, we found significantly lower serum zinc levels (p=0.002) compared with the control group. The telogen effluvium group had the lowest mean serum zinc level (p=0.006) and higher odds ratio compared with other hair loss groups (4.61). Overall, severe zinc deficiency was found in 12 (9.6%) subjects with hair loss, whereas none of the controls had severe zinc deficiency. Mild-to-moderate zinc deficiency was observed in 43 (34.4%) subjects with hair loss compared to one (1.3%) in the control group. Conclusions: Our results showed that lower zinc status is linked to hair loss, especially alopecia areata and telogen effluvium in the Kurdish population.

Hair Fall: Exposed

Hair Fall: Exposed

The effect of hormonal contraceptives in health status of Sudanese women in Omdurman Locality-Sudan

BackgroundStudies concerning the negative effect of hormonal contraceptives is scarce and scanty. The main aim of this study the common health problems related to the intake of oral contraceptives (OCP) and injection contraceptives (INJ).MethodsThis was a descriptive, cross-sectional study, The study was conducted in Omdurman Maternity Hospital. About 125 Sudanese women were participated in this study divided to test group which was consisted of 65 women used contraceptives, and 60 women were control group. The primary data was collected using questionnaire and laboratory investigations.ResultsSociodemographic characteristics of the two groups showed no association between residential areas and nutritional problems as it compared between control and test group (P ≤ 0.05). Level of blood pressure, cholesterol, triglycerides and Hb% among test and control group showed clear differences between the two groups (P ≤ 0.05).ConclusionsThe most common side effects associated with consecutive use among test were headache, hair fall, weight increase, joint pain, fatigue, accelerated heart beats, unstable breathing and nausea.

Line-Field Optical Coherence Tomography: Usefulness in the Non-Invasive Differential Diagnosis of Congenital Alopecia of Infancy.

Soon after birth, the clinical differential diagnosis between sebaceous of Jadassohn (NSJ), congenital triangular alopecia (CTA) and aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) may be challenging. A certain overlap of standard dermoscopic features can occur, especially in atypical cases, depending on scalp skin morphology and maturation age. The recently developed line-field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC-OCT) can provide morphological skin details with cellular resolution trough a rapid non-invasive examination. To assess the LC-OCT features of 6 cases of congenital alopecia of different aetiologies, with both typical and atypical clinical appearance. A non-invasive imaging examination combining standard dermoscopy, high-resolution videodermoscopy (HRVD) and LC-OCT was realized in 7 babies presenting for congenital alopecia with overlapping features, aged between 5 months and 5 years. Based on the specific LC-OCT features, and supported by HRVD features, a diagnosis of NSJ, congenital triangular alopecia (CTA) and AC) were made in 4, 2 and 1 case, respectively. The combined LC-OCT plus HRVD non-invasive imaging bring the advantage to have a real time diagnosis, to set the proper management and allows to avoid a skin biopsy in the perinatal age/first years of life at delicate skin site.

Dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis: a rare case report

Dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis (DPR) is a very rare ectodermal disorder with autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. It is associated with a mutation in the keratin 14 gene on chromosome 17. It is characterized by a diagnostic triad of generalized reticulate hyperpigmentation, non-cicatricial alopecia, and onychodystrophy. We hereby report a case of a 26-year-old female who presented with reticulate hyperpigmentation all over the body, diffuse non-cicatricial alopecia, and onychodystrophy. Apart from this triad, she also had poorly developed dermatoglyphics.

Psychosomatic dyssomnia in patients with different forms of diffuse alopecia: variability and intensity of clinical manifestations

Psychosomatic dyssomnia in patients with different forms of diffuse alopecia: variability and intensity of clinical manifestations