Hematocrit Count Research Articles

Aeromonas hydrophila dose and post-immunostimulation period as immunomodulatory effect indicator on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

In fish challenge tests, there is no standardization in the concentration and analysis period of parameters. This study investigates the immunomodulatory and cytotoxic effects of A. hydrophila dose and postimmunostimulation periods on Nile tilapia. Four level of bacterial doses (½, ¼, ⅛, and 0 LD50) were administered, and immune parameters, hematological data, and erythrocyte abnormalities were analyzed at 3, 7, 10, and 14 days post-infection (dpi). The highest respiratory burst, total globulins, and lysozyme activity were detected at 7 dpi. Considering the bacteria doses, the lysozyme activity was higher in the ⅛ LD50 and ¼ LD50 of A. hydrophila. Erythrocytes, hematocrit, hemoglobin, leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and monocytes counts remained unchanged. Ten days post-injection, the control group exhibited reduced abnormalities, showing a notable distinction from the ⅛ LD50 and ¼ LD50 treatments, particularly in hooked and notched nuclei abnormalities. Mortality rates were higher in infected groups, peaking at different times with the highest in ½ LD50. For evaluating Nile tilapia immunity post A. hydrophila infection, it is recommended ¼ LD50 dose and blood collection at 7 and 10 dpi for immunological parameters and abnormalities in Nile tilapia erythrocytes, respectively.

The Influence of Age, Sex, and Season on Hematological Parameters in a Captive Population of Former Laboratory Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).

This study aimed to establish a baseline hematological profile and examine the influence of age, sex, and season on hematological parameters in captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) living in a humid tropical climate. Hematological parameters are a useful tool for assessing health status and diagnosing diseases in animals. We analyzed 473 blood samples collected from 84 chimpanzees (43 females and 41 males) during annual health checks, conducted under anesthesia for a routine physical examination. The main findings revealed significant sex differences in some hematological parameters: males had higher hematocrit and red blood cell counts than females. Age-related variations have also been noted, with adolescents and adults having lower lymphocyte counts but higher neutrophil and monocyte counts than infants. Adults, in particular, had significantly lower platelet counts compared to other age classes. Seasonal fluctuations were also observed: lymphocyte counts were higher in the rainy season, while neutrophil counts were higher in the dry season. In addition, the general trends in hematological parameters for this captive population of chimpanzees were similar to those reported in captive chimpanzees living in the United States. These results should provide animal health professionals, particularly those working with nonhuman primates, with data to compare and interpret. They will help improve practices for monitoring and managing the health of nonhuman primates in captivity.

Haematological parameters as predictors of severe dengue: a study from northern districts of West Bengal.

A hike in dengue cases was recorded in last two years, resulting from both single and multiple-serotypes of dengue virus (DENV) and secondary infections, culminating in significant hospitalizations and deaths in India. This study focuses on evaluating symptomatic and haematological parameters in acute dengue patients of the northern part of West Bengal to predict disease severity early on and also to analyze the correlation between circulating DENV serotypes with severity. Dengue patients (N=540) diagnosed as NS1 positives were categorized into 13.7% severe DHF (N=74) and 86.3% mild DF (N=466) and prediction of risk was done using logistic regression. DENV RNA was isolated from blood, converted to cDNA, and detected/serotyped via RT-qPCR by using DENV specific primers. Only 14.48% (N=11) patients showed single serotypic (DENV2 or DENV3) infection of dengue. In contrast, multi-serotypic infections (N=65) with the prevalence of DENV2 and DENV3 co-infections were found among the dengue patients, affecting severe changes in the most critical haematological parameters such as hematocrit and platelet count. The multivariate binary logistic regression model revealed that only six parameters viz., age (p=0.032), presence of joint pain (p=0.015), Haemoglobin level (p<0.001), total RBC count (p=0.024), total WBC count (p=0.003), lymphocyte% (p=0.019) were found to be significantly associated with the risk of DHF. Most prevalent DENV2 and DENV3 infections significantly impact hematocrit and platelet counts in the study region. Our prediction model, incorporating age, joint pain, hemoglobin, RBC, WBC, and lymphocyte, may effectively predict dengue severity.

Assessing Differential Transfusion Requirements for Children with Congenital Malformations vs. Pediatric Acute Abdomen Emergencies.

This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative blood transfusions in correcting anemia for pediatric patients with congenital malformations (CMs) versus those with acute abdomen (AA) conditions. The study hypothesized that the response to transfusions might vary significantly between these groups due to the differences in the underlying pathology and clinical status. The study included 107 pediatric patients admitted to Timisoara 'Louis Turcanu' Emergency Hospital for Children between January 2015 and May 2023, who required blood transfusions for preoperative anemia. Hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), and red blood cell counts (RBC) were assessed at admission, 48 h post-transfusion, and at discharge. Statistical analyses, including Student's t-test, Pearson correlation, and chi-square tests, were utilized to compare outcomes between the groups. The study population was divided into 53 children with CM and 54 with AA. Initial analyses showed that children with CM had statistically significantly higher baseline HGB (8.54 ± 1.00 g/dL vs. 7.87 ± 1.02 g/dL, p = 0.001) and HCT (26.07 ± 3.98% vs. 23.95 ± 2.90%, p = 0.002) compared to those with AA. Post-transfusion, children with CM exhibited a greater increase in HGB, with the highest increases noted in patients with central nervous system defects (mean increase of 3.67 g/dL, p = 0.038). In contrast, the increases in HGB for children with AA were less pronounced, with the highest being 2.03 g/dL in those with peritonitis (p = 0.078). No significant gender differences were noted in response to transfusion. Children with congenital malformations respond more effectively to preoperative blood transfusions compared to those with acute abdomen conditions. These findings suggest that differential transfusion strategies may be required based on the underlying medical condition to optimize the management of preoperative anemia in pediatric patients. Tailoring transfusion approaches according to specific patient needs and conditions could enhance clinical outcomes and resource utilization in pediatric surgical settings.

Effects of 90-Minute Football Match on Red Blood Indices in Sedentary Young Males

While exercise-induced haemorheological alterations are well-documented in various sports, the specific impact of a football match on red blood cell (RBC) parameters remains unknown. This study investigates the acute effects of a 90-minute football match on RBC indices in sedentary young males. After inclusion and exclusion criteria, twenty (20) moderately active, non-smoking male volunteers (mean age: 20.00 ± 0.4 years) participated in the study. Venous blood samples were collected pre- and post- football match to assess RBC count, haematocrit (HCT), and plasma volume (PV). Data generated were subjected to paired student's t-tests using SPSS, to compare values between pre- and post-match measurements. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered indicative of statistical significance. The results showed a statistically significant decrease in haematocrit (HCT) and red blood cell count (RBC) after the match (p &lt; 0.05) when compared to pre-match values. This was accompanied by a significant increase in plasma volume (PV) (p &lt; 0.05), which was higher than pre-match values. These changes suggest that the physiological demands of the football match influenced blood parameters, likely due to fluid shifts and haemodilution during intense physical activity. These findings suggest potential implications for exercise physiology, diagnosis, and therapy in sports medicine.

Evaluation of Immuno-Hematological Parameters of Severe and Mild COVID-19 Cases in Babylon Province, Iraq

The hematopoietic system plays a very important role in contracting the corona virus infection. Hematology indicators are among the factors related to the clinical results of patients with covid-19 due to their cost-effectiveness, availability, speed and convenience of testing. The aim of this study was comparing hematological parameters including the number of Red Blood Cells (RBC), hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet count among mild and severe COVID-19 patients. Methods: The study was conducted on 100 Iraqi patients COVID-19 patients. Subjects were classified into two groups with mild (n= 50) and severe (n=50) COVID-19 infection symptoms based on the clinical criteria. The hematological parameters measurement included Red Blood Cell (RBC) count, Hemoglobin (Hb) levels, White Blood Cell (WBC) count, Platelet count (PLT), Hematocrit (HCT) levels, Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), and Mean Platelet Volume (MPV). An independent sample T-test was used to compare the means of hematological parameters between two groups. Results: The RBC count was significantly lower in severe group compared to mild group (P ≤ 0.05). HCT levels were significantly reduced in the severe group compared to mild group (P ≤ 0.05). The severe patients had a significantly lower PLT than mild patients (P ≤ 0.05). No significant difference in Hb levels was observed between severe and mild patients. The severe patients had a significantly higher PDW than mild patients (P ≤ 0.05). Additionally, the severe patients had a significantly higher MPV than mild patients (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that complete blood count measurements can be used as useful biomarkers to assess the severity of Covid-19. Early identification of severe COVID-19 patients using these markers can help to better manage and accelerate the treatment process for COVID-19 patients.

Pre-exercise supplementation with curcuma xanthorrhiza roxb has minimal impact on red blood cell parameters but reduces oxidative stress: a preliminary study in rats.

This study examined the effects of longterm pre-exercise Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb supplementation on red blood cell indices along with circulating malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in response to endurance exercise to address previously inconsistent findings. Male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus; n = 20, aged 12-16 weeks) were divided equally into an exercise-only group (C) and three groups supplemented with Curcuma extract at dosages of 6.75 (T1), 13.50 (T2), and 20.25 mg (T3). Curcuma extract supplementation was administered for 28 d immediately prior to exercise. Following 28 d of exhaustive swimming, the hematocrit and erythrocyte count increased by 15% (p = 0.06). Pre-exercise Curcuma supplementation did not significantly affect mean corpuscular volume or mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration. Longterm exercise intervention resulted in elevated MDA levels by 41% (p <0.001), while Curcuma supplementation (13.50 mg) attenuated this increase by 16.6% (p = 0.09). Additionally, Curcuma supplementation resulted in a dose-dependent increase in SOD levels, with an 82.6% increase observed at 20.25 mg (p = 0.028). Our preliminary findings indicated that pre-exercise supplementation with Curcuma extract had a negligible effect on changes in red blood cell markers, but it mitigated the increase in oxidative stress induced by exercise training. Our future research direction will involve applying the findings to humans.

Back to Basics: The Diagnostic Value of a Complete Blood Count in the Clinical Management of COVID-19.

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, scientists have struggled significantly to understand the complexity of COVID-19 pathophysiology. COVID-19 has demonstrated a notoriously unpredictable clinical course. This unpredictability constituted a significant obstacle to clinicians in predicting the disease course among COVID-19 patients, more specifically, in predicting who would develop severe cases and possibly die from the infection. This brief report aims to assess the diagnostic value of using a complete blood count (CBC) and applying high-dimensional analysis, i.e., principal component analysis (PCA), on it to differentiate between patients with mild and severe COVID-19 infection. The data of 855 patients were retrieved from multiple centres in Saudi Arabia. Descriptive statistics, such as counts, percentages, and medians (interquartile ranges) were used to describe patients' characteristics and CBC parameters. Analytical statistics, such as the Mann-Whitney U test, were used to compare between survivors and non-survivors. PCA was applied using the CBC parameters, and the results were compared between survivors and non-survivors. Patients in this study had a median age of 41, with an almost equal ratio of men to women. Most participants were Saudis, and non-survivors were 13.22% of the total cohort. The median values of all CBC indices were within reference ranges; however, some statistically significant differences were observed between survivors and non-survivors. Non-survivors had lower hemoglobin levels and lower hematocrit, lymphocyte, and eosinophil counts but higher WBC and neutrophil counts compared to survivors. PCA on the CBC results of survivors yielded a significantly different profile than non-survivors, indicating the possibility of its use in the context of COVID-19. The diagnostic value of CBC in the clinical management of COVID-19 should be utilized in clinical guidelines for managing COVID-19 cases.

Inhibition of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 improves anaemia in mice and humans with sickle cell disease, and reduces infarct size in a murine stroke model.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) is expressed in the kidney and may contribute to anaemia and cardiovascular diseases. The effect of SGLT-2 inhibition on anaemia and vascular endpoints in sickle cell disease (SCD) is unknown. A murine model of SCD was studied to determine the effects of the SGLT-2 inhibitor, empagliflozin, on anaemia and stroke size. The University of Michigan's Precision Health Database was used to evaluate the effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors on anaemia in humans with SCD. SCD mice treated with daily empagliflozin for 8 weeks demonstrated increases in haemoglobin, haematocrit, erythrocyte counts, reticulocyte percentage and erythropoietin compared to vehicle-treated mice. Following photochemical-induced thrombosis of the middle cerebral artery, mice treated with empagliflozin demonstrated reduced stroke size compared to vehicle treated mice. In the electronic health records analysis, haemoglobin, haematocrit and erythrocyte counts increased in human SCD subjects treated with an SGLT-2 inhibitor. SGLT-2 inhibitor treatment of humans and mice with SCD is associated with improvement in anaemic parameters. Empagliflozin treatment is also associated with reduced stroke size in SCD mice suggesting SGLT-2 inhibitor treatment may be beneficial with regard to both anaemia and vascular complications in SCD patients.

Effect of Bidens tripartita leaf supplementation on the organism of rats fed a hypercaloric diet high in fat and fructose

Herbs play an important role in folk medicine, and scientific research has confirmed the properties of their use as an alternative treatment, including the treatment and mild correction of metabolic disorders during disease. Trifid bur-marigold (Bidens tripartita) is a pharmacopoeial herbal raw material that is widely used in clinical practice as an external remedy for skin lesions and as an internal remedy for digestive and respiratory disorders. In this work, the general effect of dried leaves of B. tripartita on physiological activity and metabolic processes in model animals on a high-calorie diet was determined. For the experiment, three groups of 18 male white laboratory rats were formed and fed a hypercaloric diet (increased fat content and 20% fructose solution instead of water) for 27 days, in addition to 0.4% and 4.0% dried leaves of B. tripartita. The consumption of 0.4% and 4.0% of the medicinal plant resulted in a significant delay in the body weight gain and the average daily weight gain of the rats compared to the control group. Dried leaves of B. tripartita in the diet of rats decreased the relative weight of the thymus and increased the relative weight of the brain, and at a dose of 4.0%, increased the relative weight of the lungs and individual large intestines (cecum and colon). Dietary supplementation with B. tripartita caused an increase in globulin concentration and changes in protein coefficient. Blood parameters such as: urea, urea nitrogen, inorganic phosphorus, glucose and bilirubin levels changed depending on the dose. In the general blood test, consumption of dried leaves of B. tripartita caused a decrease in hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration and platelet count, but increased the number of eosinophils. Bidens tripartita at both concentrations significantly increased ALT activity with a corresponding change in the blood De Ritis ratio. The addition of 20 g of B. tripartita leaves to the diet increased alkaline phosphatase activity and decreased alpha-amylase activity, while 200 g increased blood gamma-glutamyltransferase activity. At the end of the experiment, the rats' orientation activity, determined in the open field, changed according to the herb dose consumed: 0.4% leaves caused an increase and 4.0% a decrease. Physical activity was reduced and emotional state increased, regardless of the dose of dried B. tripartita leaves, compared to the control group of animals. The results obtained show that the addition of B. tripartita dried leaves as a dietary supplement to a high-calorie diet is safe, does not cause pathological changes or side effects, and has a significant effect on metabolic processes. This provides theoretical support for the use of B. tripartita dried leaves in the manufacture of nutraceutical and pharmacological products for the correction of metabolic disorders in humans and animals. The doses and duration of their application require further studies.

A hybrid machine learning-powered intelligent system for enhancing dengue patient safety and care

Dengue fever is a significant global health concern, with millions of cases reported each year, leading to considerable morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis, patient monitoring and timely intervention are crucial for managing dengue patients. This study proposed a hybrid machine learning-powered intelligent system designed to enhance dengue patients safety and care. Utilizing data provided at enrollment, including platelet, age, white cell, genders, hematocrit and lymphocyte counts, a Weighted K Nearest Neighbor fused Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (WKNN-GBDT) was utilized to forecast the ultimate diagnosis. The study included 50 patients recruited between July to October 2019 and diagnosed with dengue infection. The collected data was preprocessed and features extracted using min max normalization and independent component analysis (ICA). The WKNN-GBDT model had an overallprecision of 0.96%, f1-score of 0.90% accuracy of 0.98%, andrecall of 0.99% in predicting the final diagnosis. As a consequence of seasonality and other variables, model results changed over time. These models might enhance medical decision-making in the field of medical care and offer passive surveillance in dengue affected areas. Considering the unexpected consequences of human-induced climate change and its impact on health, as well as the implications of seasonality and shifting disease prevalence, is crucial.

Dietary supplementation of mineral nanoparticles for channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus).

This study evaluated the supplementation of iron and copper nanoparticles in channel catfish diets and their influences on growth and health. A comparative feeding trial was carried out for 9weeks to evaluate combinations of iron and copper nanoparticles: only iron nanoparticles (IronNP), only copper nanoparticles (CopperNP), CopperNP + IronNP, and a control diet supplemented with inorganic iron and copper (FeSO4 and CuSO4). After a 9-week feeding trial, growth performance, hematological parameters, whole-body proximate composition, and intestinal microbiota were evaluated, and fish were subjected to a bacterial challenge against Edwardsiella ictaluri to evaluate the contribution of the experimental treatments to fish health status. No statistical differences were detected for catfish fed the various diets in terms of production performance or survival after bacterial challenge. The hematocrit and RBC counts from fish fed the diet containing copper nanoparticles were significantly lower than the control group. A higher relative abundance of gram-positive bacteria was found in the digesta of catfish fed diets containing copper nanoparticles. Furthermore, in the context of hematology, iron nanoparticles did not impact the blood parameters of channel catfish; however, reduced hematocrits were observed in fish fed the copper nanoparticle diet, which lacked supplemental dietary iron, thus reinforcing the importance of dietary iron to catfish hematopoiesis. Nonetheless, additional studies are needed to investigate the effects of dietary copper nanoparticle supplementation in catfish diets to better illuminate its effects on the intestinal microbiota.

Gender Incongruence: Prevalence and Therapeutic Options Among Transsexuals Belonging to a Single Center.

This study aimed to describe characteristics and treatment choices among AMABs (Assigned Male At Birth) and AFABs (Assigned Female At Birth) transgenders enrolled from March 2021 to July 2023 at the PTA S. Giorgio of the ASP3-Catania. A total of 145 patients were studied, and there was no prevalence of AMAB/AFAB. At first observation for AMABs, the age was 26 years and 25 years for AFABs, with 11 AMAB/AFAB declared as "non-binary" (average age 17 years). In AMAB/AFAB, we evaluated hormonal treatment, efficacy, and dosage/hormonal levels. In AMABs, oral estradiol valerate (4 mg/day) or transdermal estradiol in gel (2 mg/day) + oral cyproterone acetate (25 mg/day) for both estrogenic formulations were used. Testosterone (TE), LH, FSH, and PRL at baseline and during chronic treatment were measured. In AFABs, we used injectable TE (250 mg/3-4 weeks or 1 g/12-16 weeks) or transdermal TE (60- 80 mg/day). In these patients, we analyzed blood count, LH, FSH, and TE. Hematocrit, hemoglobin, and red blood cell count showed a modest elevation after 4-6 months of treatment. About 32% of AFABs complained of transient uterine bleeding, but no hypertension or ovarian pathology was detected. In AMABs, despite the short observation period, no patient showed an increased risk of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke. Among AFABs, no increased risk of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease was observed. Furthermore, given the complexity of the phenomenon, the integration between the different professional figures who require specific and qualified skills is fundamental.</p>.

ACUTE PANCREATITIS: IS THERE ANY RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HEMATOCRIT AND SEVERITY OF THE DISEASE?

Introduction. Acute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the unsolved clinical problems in the practice of modern gastroenterology, surgery, and emergency medicine, which does not lose its relevance even with the advent of modern and high-tech diagnostic and therapeutic solutions. The failure of modern methods to diagnose and stratify the severity of the disease in the early stages after hospitalization of patients lead to the loss of precious time at the beginning of resuscitation measures in severe forms of AP. The aim. To assess the presence and strength of the correlation between hematocrit count and the severity of AP on the first day of the disease. Materials and methods. Polychoric analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were used to assess the association and predictive value of hematocrit with the severity of AP. Only patients who arrived at the hospital within 24 hours of the onset of the disease were included in the study. Results. The correlation coefficient φ2 between hematocrit (at the reference value of 45%) and severity of AP is 0.34. The coefficient of mutual conjugation of K. Pearson (C) is equal to 0.5 which indicates the presence of a relationship between the hematocrit count and the severity of AP. After conducting the ROC analysis, it was determined that with the isolated use of hematocrit indicator provided its value of &gt; 44.4%, almost 70% of patients were diagnosed with severe AP; almost 90% of patients with a hematocrit level of £ 44.4% did not have severe AP. Also, due to the rather high values of the indicators of the prognostic capacity of the ROC analysis, it is possible to state about the presence of prognostic significance of hematocrit indicator for severe AP within the first day from the onset of the disease. Conclusions. Thus, the hematocrit number has a significant relationship with the severity of AP when calculated during the first day from the onset of the disease, which makes it promising for building systems of stratification of the severity of AP earlier than suggested by revised Atlanta criteria.

Pemeriksaan Haemoglobin pada Ibu Hamil Desa Bangun Rejo Kecamatan Tanjung Morawa Kabupaten Deli Serdang Provinsi Sumatera Utara Tahun 2024

Anemia is the most common nutritional problem in Indonesia and in the world. Anemia is a condition where red cells are insufficient to meet the body's physiological needs. Basically, anemia is a condition where there is a decrease in hemoglobin, hematocrit and erythrocyte count below normal values. The process of this activity starts from the preparation, implementation and evaluation stages. The result was that the participants were 23 pregnant mothers who lived in Bangun Rejo Village. During the implementation, the mothers' hemoglobin levels were checked after which they were given education about anemia in pregnancy. The conclusion of this service is that 19 pregnant women (82.6%) did not experience anemia and 4 people (17.4%) experienced mild anemia and after the examination, pregnant women were given education about anemia in pregnant women. It is hoped that pregnant women will pay more attention to the condition of their pregnancy and eat food that contains good nutrition for pregnant women and have their condition checked regularly.

Effects of Altitude training on Ethiopian endurance athletes recovery heart rate and hematological variables

Background and Study Aim. A recent study indicates that Ethiopian middle- and long-distance athletes originate from diverse geographical regions, including areas of varying elevation. This study aimed to analyze the impact of altitude training on hematological parameters and recovery heart rates among young male endurance trainees training at sites located at different altitude levels. Material and Methods. The study employed a quasi-experimental, counterbalanced approach involving 15 male trainees. Five individuals from each training center experienced the standard training program across three distinct geographical locations and elevations. Pre- and post-test data were collected on red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet count, and recovery heart rate before and after six months, from 6:00–8:00 AM. ANCOVA was utilized to analyze the data. Results. Following the intervention, the mean Red Blood Cell (RBC) count was observed to be higher in trainees from low altitude (5.18±0.33) compared to those from moderate altitude (4.48±0.14 and 5.21±0.22), with a significance level of p&lt;0.05. The mean Hemoglobin (HGB) count was found to be higher in moderate altitude trainees (17.00±0.70 and 16.31±0.65) than in low altitude trainees (15.82±1.37), although this difference was not statistically significant (p&gt;0.05). Similarly, the mean Hematocrit (HCT) count was low for both low altitude (46.04±3.49) and moderate altitude trainees (46.46±3.9 and 45.42±1.54), with no significant difference noted (p&gt;0.05). The mean Platelet (PLT) count was 226.8±75.88 for low altitude trainees and 265.8±23.18, 276±53.96 for moderate altitude trainees, with no significant difference between the groups (p&gt;0.05). As for the recovery heart rate, mean values showed no significant difference between the pre-and post-test groups. In the pretest, the mean recovery heart rate was 30.00±14.70 for low-altitude trainees and 43.20±8.90, 43.20±13.68 for moderate-altitude trainees (p&gt;0.05). In the post-test, the mean recovery heart rate was 25.20±7.82 for low-altitude trainees and 32.40±10.04, 36.00±7.35 for moderate-altitude trainees (p&gt;0.05). Conclusions. The findings indicate that training at different altitudes impacts the hematological and cardiovascular systems of endurance athletes in varied ways. This underscores the importance of developing tailored training programs to optimize performance and recovery. These results are particularly relevant for coaches and athletes seeking to enhance endurance training outcomes through altitude training strategies.

Prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin times, thromboelastography, hematocrit, and platelet count in a feline hemorrhage/over-resuscitation model using lactated Ringer's solution or 6% tetrastarch 130/0.4.

To describe and compare prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), thromboelastography (TEG), HCT, and platelet count measurements in a hemorrhage/over-resuscitation model. Randomized crossover study. University teaching hospital. Six cats. Anesthetized cats underwent 3 treatments at 2-month intervals. The treatments were as follows: NHR-no controlled hemorrhage and sham resuscitation; LRS-controlled hemorrhage and lactated Ringer's solution (LRS) for resuscitation; and Voluven-controlled hemorrhage and 6% tetrastarch 130/0.4 for resuscitation. The LRS and Voluven were administered at 60 and 20mL/kg/h, respectively, for 120minutes. Blood samples were drawn for PT, aPTT, TEG, HCT, and platelet count measurements at a healthy check (T - 7d), after controlled hemorrhage (T0), at 60 and 120minutes of resuscitation (T60 and T120), and at 24hours after completion of resuscitation (T24h). Data were analyzed using a general linear mixed model approach (significance was P<0.05). Total median blood loss (controlled hemorrhage and blood sampling from T0 to T120) at T120 was 11.4, 31.0, and 30.8mL/kg for NHR, LRS, and Voluven, respectively. PT and aPTT during LRS and Voluven were prolonged at T60 and T120 compared to NHR (P<0.001). On TEG, the reaction time, kinetic time, and alpha-angle were within reference intervals for cats at all time points in all treatments, while maximum amplitude was less than the reference interval (40mm) at T0, T60, and T120 during Voluven and at T60 and T120 during LRS compared to NHR (both P<0.001). The HCT and platelet count were significantly lower at T60 and T120 during LRS and Voluven compared to NHR (P<0.001). Hypocoagulopathy was observed during hemorrhage and liberal fluid resuscitation. Prolongation of PT and aPPT and decreased clot strength may have been caused by hemodilution and platelet loss.

First Application of a Mixed Porcine-Human Repopulated Bioengineered Liver in a Preclinical Model of Post-Resection Liver Failure.

In this study, a mixed porcine-human bioengineered liver (MPH-BEL) was used in a preclinical setup of extracorporeal liver support devices as a treatment for a model of post-resection liver failure (PRLF). The potential for human clinical application is further illustrated by comparing the functional capacity of MPH-BEL grafts as assessed using this porcine PRLF model with fully human (FH-BEL) grafts which were perfused and assessed in vitro. BEL grafts were produced by reseeding liver scaffolds with HUVEC and primary porcine hepatocytes (MPH-BEL) or primary human hepatocytes (FH-BEL). PRLF was induced by performing an 85% liver resection in domestic white pigs and randomized into the following three groups 24 h after resection: standard medical therapy (SMT) alone, SMT + extracorporeal circuit (ECC), and SMT + MPH-BEL. The detoxification and metabolic functions of the MPH-BEL grafts were compared to FH-BEL grafts which were perfused in vitro. During the 24 h treatment interval, INR values normalized within 18 h in the MPH-BEL therapy group and urea synthesis increased as compared to the SMT and SMT + ECC control groups. The MPH-BEL treatment was associated with more rapid decline in hematocrit and platelet count compared to both control groups. Histological analysis demonstrated platelet sequestration in the MPH-BEL grafts, possibly related to immune activation. Significantly higher rates of ammonia clearance and metabolic function were observed in the FH-BEL grafts perfused in vitro than in the MPH-BEL grafts. The MPH-BEL treatment was associated with improved markers of liver function in PRLF. Further improvement in liver function in the BEL grafts was observed by seeding the biomatrix with human hepatocytes. Methods to reduce platelet sequestration within BEL grafts is an area of ongoing research.

Impact of Plateletpheresis on the Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, and Total Red Blood Cell Count: An Updated Meta-Analysis.

Plateletpheresis has become a pivotal part of transfusion medicine. With the increasing demand for plateletpheresis, donor safety is an area of concern because plateletpheresis altersdonor hematological parameters. For a better understanding of plateletpheresis, a systemic review is needed to study more evidence-based aspects of plateletpheresis.Electronic databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library were used to find articles from January 1, 1980, toMay 23, 2024. The random effect model was used to meta-analyze the effect of plateletpheresis on hematocrit, hemoglobin, and red blood cell (RBC) count. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline was followed. A total of 24 studies were found;the effect of plateletpheresis on hemoglobin, hematocrit, and RBC count was studied in the following respective numbers of donors: 3,374, 3,374, and 690. A decrease of hemoglobin, hematocrit, and RBC count was observed after plateletpheresis having a weighted mean difference (WMD) of 0.50 (95%CI = -0.72 to -0.27), WMD of -1.36 (95%CI = -2.05 to -0.66), and WMD of -0.18 (95%CI = -0.23 to -0.12), respectively.Plateletpheresis shows a decrease in the value of hematological parameters such as hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocyte count due to blood loss in the kits employed in the procedure;cell lysis was also seen because of exposure of erythrocytes to stress or change in osmotic pressure. Thus,strict criteria for donation must be developed for better safety of the donors. Improved automated cell separators for plateletpheresis should be made available in blood banks to ensure good quality hematologic products.Our findings suggest that the duration of the procedure should be decreased.

Hematological Indices and Genetic Variants of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: Machine Learning Approaches.

Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) is associated with infertility. Little is known about the potential circulating biomarkers that could be used to predict POI. We have investigated the possible association between white and red blood cells, platelet indices, and eight established single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with POI risk. 117 women with premature menopause (PM) and 183 healthy women without a history of menopause before age 40 were recruited for this study. The tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (Tetra ARMS PCR) and allele-specific oligonucleotides- polymerase chain reaction (ASO-PCR) were carried out for genotyping for eight SNPs reported to be associated with POI. Decision tree analysis was applied to test the diagnostic value of hematological parameters to identify the risk of POI. Women with POI had lower neutrophil (NEUT) and white blood cell (WBC), whereas red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) were higher. Platelet (PLT) count was also lower in affected women. Our data also indicated that HGB and HCT count were significantly associated with rs16991615 and rs244715. Mean Platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) were associated with rs244715, rs1046089, rs4806660, and rs2303369. The rs16991615 was also associated with RBC count, and rs451417 was associated with NEUTs. The decision tree (DT) model reveals that women with the NEUT count at a cut-off value of less than 2.8 and HCT equal to or more than 38.7% could be identified as high-risk cases for POI. Overall, we found the DT approach had a sensitivity = 85%, specificity = 72%, and accuracy = 74%. The genetic variants involved in POI are associated with changes in reproductive hormone levels and with changes in hematological indices.