Gynecologic Investigation Research Articles

AKT answer relating to gynaecological investigations

AKT answer relating to gynaecological investigations

AKT question relating to gynaecological investigations

AKT question relating to gynaecological investigations

Predictors for participation in mass-treatment and female genital schistosomiasis re-investigation, and the effect of praziquantel treatment in South African adolescents.

Female Genital Schistosomiasis (FGS) causes intravaginal lesions and symptoms that could be mistaken for sexually transmitted diseases or cancer. In adults, FGS lesions [grainy sandy patches (GSP), homogenous yellow patches (HYP), abnormal blood vessels and rubbery papules] are refractory to treatment. The effect of treatment has never been explored in young women; it is unclear if gynaecological investigation will be possible in this young age group (16-23 years). We explored the predictors for accepting anti-schistosomal treatment and/or gynaecological reinvestigation in young women, and the effects of anti-schistosomal mass-treatment (praziquantel) on the clinical manifestations of FGS at an adolescent age. The study was conducted between 2011 and 2013 in randomly selected, rural, high schools in Ilembe, uThungulu and Ugu Districts, KwaZulu-Natal Province, East Coast of South Africa. At baseline, gynaecological investigations were conducted in female learners in grades 8 to 12, aged 16-23 years (n = 2293). Mass-treatment was offered in the low-transmission season between May and August (a few in September, n = 48), in accordance with WHO recommendations. Reinvestigation was offered after a median of 9 months (range 5-14 months). Univariate, multivariable and logistic regression analysis were used to measure the association between variables. Prevalence: Of the 2293 learners who came for baseline gynaecological investigations, 1045 (46%) had FGS lesions and/or schistosomiasis, 209/1045 (20%) had GSP; 208/1045 (20%) HYP; 772/1045 (74%) had abnormal blood vessels; and 404/1045 (39%) were urine positive. Overall participation rate for mass treatment and gynaecological investigation: Only 26% (587/2293) learners participated in the mass treatment and 17% (401/2293) participated in the follow up gynaecological reinvestigations. Loss to follow-up among those with FGS: More than 70% of learners with FGS lesions at baseline were lost to follow-up for gynaecological investigations: 156/209 (75%) GSP; 154/208 (74%) HYP; 539/722 (75%) abnormal blood vessels; 238/404 (59%) urine positive. The grade 12 pupil had left school and did not participate in the reinvestigations (n = 375; 16%). Follow-up findings: Amongst those with lesions who came for both treatment and reinvestigation, 12/19 still had GSP, 8/28 had HYP, and 54/90 had abnormal blood vessels. Only 3/55 remained positive for S. haematobium ova. Factors influencing treatment and follow-up gynaecological investigation: HIV, current water contact, water contact as a toddler and urinary schistosomiasis influenced participation in mass treatment. Grainy sandy patches, abnormal blood vessels, HYP, previous pregnancy, current water contact, water contact as a toddler and father present in the family were strongly associated with coming back for follow-up gynaecological investigation. Challenges in sample size for follow-up analysis of the effect of treatment: The low mass treatment uptake and loss to follow up among those who had baseline FGS reduced the chances of a larger sample size at follow up investigation. However, multivariable analysis showed that treatment had effect on the abnormal blood vessels (adjusted odds ratio = 2.1, 95% CI 1.1-3.9 and p = 0.018). Compliance to treatment and gynaecological reinvestigation was very low. There is need to embark on large scale awareness and advocacy in schools and communities before implementing mass-treatment and investigation studies. Despite challenges in sample size and significant loss to follow-up, limiting the ability to fully understand the treatment's effect, multivariable analysis demonstrated a significant treatment effect on abnormal blood vessels.

Effect Of Tamoxifen On Plasma Lipid Profile In Patients Of Breast Cancer.

To evaluate the effect of Tamoxifen on plasma lipid profile in breast cancer patients presenting at tertiary care hospitals. It was a longitudinal study conducted at the Department of Oncology of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center from December 2018 to November 2019. Eighty-eight females aged 26-66 years diagnosed with breast cancer were included in the study using a non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Detailed gynaecological and clinical investigations and detailed history were taken. The blood samples of all the patients were collected and the plasma lipid profile was measured before initiation of Tamoxifen treatment and three- and six-months post-treatment at the clinical laboratory. The plasma lipid profile includes the measurement of Total cholesterol (mg/dl), Triglyceride(mg/dl), High-density Lipoprotein (mg/dl) & Low-density Lipoprotein (mg/dl). SPSS version 23 was used to analyse data. After treatment, there was a significant reduction in serum cholesterol & Low-density Lipoprotein level by 20.54 mg/dl & 16.46 mg/dl at 3 months (p<0.05), moreover there was a significant increase in Triglyceride by 22.14 at 3 months (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed in High density lipoprotein level at 3 months after using Tamoxifen. At 6 months there was a significant reduction in serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein by 32.29mg/dl and 24.11 mg/dl at 6 months (p<0.05), moreover there was a significant increase in Triglyceride level by 42.19 mg/dl at 6 months (p<0.05). No significant difference was observed in High-density lipoprotein level at 6 months after using Tamoxifen. Total cholesterol and Low-density Lipoprotein levels showed significant reduction over the period of six months from the baseline with the use of Tamoxifen. Hence Tamoxifen should be considered to have an added advantage on lipid metabolism and therefore, can reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.

The Association Between Female Genital Schistosomiasis and Other Infections of the Lower Genital Tract in Adolescent Girls and Young Women: A Cross-Sectional Study in South Africa.

This study aimed to explore the relationship between female genital schistosomiasis (FGS), sexually transmitted infections, bacterial vaginosis, and yeast among young women living in Schistosoma haematobium-endemic areas. In a cross-sectional study of young women, sexually active, aged 16 to 22 years in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, in 32 randomly selected rural schools in schistosomiasis-endemic areas, the authors performed gynecological and laboratory investigations, diagnosed FGS and other infections, and did face-to-face interviews. Female genital schistosomiasis was the second most prevalent current genital infection (23%), significantly more common in those who had urinary schistosomiasis (35%), compared with those without (19%, p < .001). In the FGS-positive group, 35% had human papillomavirus compared with 24% in the FGS-negative group (p = .010). In the FGS-positive group, 37% were seropositive for herpes simplex virus infection, compared with 30% in the FGS-negative group (p = .079). There were significantly fewer chlamydia infections among women with FGS (20%, p = .018) compared with those who did not have FGS (28%). Female genital schistosomiasis was the second most common genital infection after herpes simplex virus. Human papillomavirus infection was significantly associated with FGS, but Chlamydia was negatively associated with FGS. Women with FGS may have had more frequent contact with the health system for genital discharge. The results show the importance of the inclusion of FGS in the national management protocols for genital infections in areas endemic for S. haematobium and highlight a more comprehensive approach to diagnosis and genital disease management.

P-315 To study the efficacy of Transvaginal ultrasound-guided Embryo Transfer over Transabdominal ultrasound-guided Embryo Transfer in transfers with poor visibility due to obesity or marked retroversion

Abstract Study question Why is Transvaginal guided embryo transfer,understudied and underutilised in difficult cases of embryo transfers with compromised visibility of uterine canal in Transabdominal ultrasound ? Summary answer In patients with poor visibility of uterine canal using TAUS due Obesity, retroveted uterus,PID,pelvic adhesions, endometriosis, TVUS-ET gives significantly higher clinical Pregnancy rates. What is known already TAUS-ET is most popular method of Embryo transfer worldwide. Despite the benefits , this procedure also presents some important drawbacks. Firstly, TAUS-guided ET requires an assistant to operate the transducer while physician performs ET procedure. Moreover, patient needs to fill her urinary bladder to enable visualization of uterine canal, which causes discomfort and sometimes uterine cramping during ET, which in turn can negatively impact implantation rates.TVUS is the main technique used in all other gynecological investigations. Because of high frequency and close proximity to target area, TVUS transducers provide better resolution of the uterocervical angle and improved overall image quality. Study design, size, duration This retrospective study was conducted to compare efficacy of TVUS-guided ET to conventional TAUS-guided ET in difficult transfers, who underwent treatment at Triveni IVF, Darbhanga, India between November 2020 to December 2022. It was based on data extracted from records of all women who underwent difficult TAUS-ET procedure between Nov 2020 to Nov 2021.Data from records of matching number of women who underwent TVUS-ET procedure between Dec 2021 to Dec 2022 were used for comparison. Participants/materials, setting, methods All were ICSI and FET transfers. Inclusion criteria: (1) All included between 25–35 years of age with difficult visualisation of uterine canal during TAUS-Mock ET in previous cycle (2) BMI ≥ 30; (3) Retroverted uterus due to any underlying pathology 4)All pts included had good ovarian reserve; (4) unexplained infertility &amp;gt;3 years. Exclusion criteria: (1) severe male factor infertility, (2) any intrauterine factor of infertility (3) ovarian endometrioma or PCOS and (5) multiple ICSI failure (&amp;gt;3 trials). Main results and the role of chance Total of 123 cycles,61 guided by TVUS (Group 1) and 62 TAUS (Group 2) were included. Our results showed significantly higher Clinical Pregnancy rate in TVUS group as compared to TAUS group, in difficult transfers (43.3% vs. 36.1 % p = 0.0045). VAS (visual analog scale) of the pain during ET was significantly less in TVUS group in comparison to TAUS group (17% vs 64% p = 0.0001), also the abdominal discomfort was significantly less in TVUS group in comparison to TAUS group (11% vs. 69 % p = 0.0001). TVUS-ET group showed significantly higher CPR as it has better resolution due to proximity to target organs allowing proper visualization of catheter tip especially in cases with obesity and marked uterine retroversion.TVUS has superior role in cases with difficult transfer because it can easily analyze the cause of difficult transfers as endocervical crypts, marked anteverted uterus, cervical canal tortuosity. Another advantage of TVUS is requiring emptied urinary bladder in contrast to TAUS. Full bladder is both time consuming and causes abdominal discomfort and uterine cramps leading to increased patient anxiety.As regards to abdominal discomfort and uterine cramps, there was extremely high statistical significance between the two groups in our study. Limitations, reasons for caution Despite the wide benefits,TVUS-ET has not been widely adopted, on account of difficulty in manipulating ET catheter and vaginal transducer simultaneously in very constricted area.Other comfortable approaches that may assist physicians such as inner catheter can be pushed by embryologist while physician holds TVS-probe and outer catheter in place. Wider implications of the findings The results suggested that TVUS-guided ET was better in difficult transfers with poor visibility of uterine canal in studied sample. This technique presented deserves consideration for wider use since it can offer better visualization, excellent comfort to patients during the procedure, and requires only one operator. Trial registration number Not applicable

Regulatory mechanism and research progress of ferroptosis in obstetrical and gynecological diseases.

Ferroptosis is a novel type of regulated cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, which is distinguished from traditional types of programmed cell death, such as apoptosis, proptosis and necrosis et al. Impaired iron homeostasis, lipid peroxidation and antioxidants depletion are three hallmarks of ferroptosis. Over the past years, emerging studies support the notion that ferroptosis might be involved in the pathology of obstetrical and gynecological diseases, including preeclampsia (PE), endometriosis (EMs) and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). In the PE condition, the high sensitivity of trophoblasts towards ferroptosis has been found to potentially link to inflammation, suboptimal vascular remodeling and aberrant hemodynamics, which are three prominent pathophysiological features of PE. As for EMs, compromised ferroptosis of endometrial cells was associated with the formation ectopic lesions, whereas in the nearby lesions, the presence of ferroptosis was suggested to promote the progression of EMs, contributing to the relative clinical manifestations. Ferroptosis has been implicated a crucial role in the initiation of ovarian follicular atresia, which might help to manage ovulation in PCOS patients. Taken together, this review explored the basis of ferroptosis mechanisms and comprehensively summarized the latest discovery of roles of ferroptosis on PE, EMs and PCOS, gaining a deeper insight into the pathogenesis of these obstetrical and gynecological diseases and investigation of novel therapeutic interventions.

Editorial introductions.

Editorial introductions.

Placenta retention is associated with threatened abortion at the early stage of pregnancy

AMA He X, Liu H. Placenta retention is associated with threatened abortion at the early stage of pregnancy. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecological Investigations. 2023;6(1):1-6. doi:10.5114/jogi.2023.128810. APA He, X., & Liu, H. (2023). Placenta retention is associated with threatened abortion at the early stage of pregnancy. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecological Investigations, 6(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.5114/jogi.2023.128810 Chicago He, Xiaoya, and Huishu Liu. 2023. "Placenta retention is associated with threatened abortion at the early stage of pregnancy". Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecological Investigations 6 (1): 1-6. doi:10.5114/jogi.2023.128810. Harvard He, X., and Liu, H. (2023). Placenta retention is associated with threatened abortion at the early stage of pregnancy. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecological Investigations, 6(1), pp.1-6. https://doi.org/10.5114/jogi.2023.128810 MLA He, Xiaoya et al. "Placenta retention is associated with threatened abortion at the early stage of pregnancy." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecological Investigations, vol. 6, no. 1, 2023, pp. 1-6. doi:10.5114/jogi.2023.128810. Vancouver He X, Liu H. Placenta retention is associated with threatened abortion at the early stage of pregnancy. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecological Investigations. 2023;6(1):1-6. doi:10.5114/jogi.2023.128810.

Basic Gynecologic Ultrasound Examination (Level I): DEGUM, ÖGUM, and SGUM Recommendations.

Ultrasound has become an essential diagnostic tool in gynecology, and every practicing gynecologist must be able to differentiate normal from pathologic findings, such as benign or malignant pelvic masses, adnexal torsion, pelvic inflammation disease, endometriosis, ectopic pregnancies, and congenital uterine malformations at least on a basic level. A standardized approach to the correct settings of the ultrasound system, the indications for gynecologic ultrasound investigations, and the sonographic appearance of normal anatomy and common pathologic findings in the standard planes are important prerequisites for safe and confident clinical management of gynecologic patients. Based on current publications and different national and international guidelines, updated DEGUM, ÖGUM, and SGUM recommendations for the performance of basic gynecologic ultrasound examinations were established.

Editorial introduction.

Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology was launched in 1989. It is one of a successful series of review journals whose unique format is designed to provide a systematic and critical assessment of the literature as presented in the many primary journals. The field of obstetrics and gynecology is divided into nine sections that are reviewed once a year. Each section is assigned a Section Editor, a leading authority in the area, who identifies the most important topics at that time. Here we are pleased to introduce the Journal's Section Editors for this issue. SECTION EDITOR Emre SeliEmre SeliEmre Seli, MD, is Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences at Yale School of Medicine, USA. Dr Seli received his medical degree from the University of Istanbul, Turkey, and completed his residency in obstetrics and gynecology at Yale University. His postdoctoral training included a fellowship in reproductive endocrinology and infertility as well as a research fellowship in molecular biology, both at Yale University. The primary focus of his research program is to understand and treat infertility. His laboratory characterized mechanisms regulating translational activation of gene expression in the oocyte. Dr Seli and his colleagues also made seminal contributions to our understanding of oocyte and embryo competence in IVF and the potential role of non-invasive diagnostic technologies in this context. Dr Seli is the recipient of many National Institutes of Health (NIH) and pharmaceutical industry-sponsored research grants. He has trained more than 50 pre- and post-doctoral fellows, published more than 100 scientific articles, and received numerous research awards, including the Ira and Ester Rosenwaks New Investigator Award from the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), and the President's Achievement Award from the Society for Reproductive Investigation (SRI). Dr Seli's current research focuses on determinants of oocyte and embryo health, and mechanisms of ovarian ageing. Dr Seli is actively involved in professional societies and scientific journals. He served as the Program Director for SRI in 2016, where he is now the Program Committee Chair (2016–2021). He has also been a member of the ASRM Research Committee for the past five years, and served as a member of the SSR Program Committee, where he organized the Ovarian Workshop in 2016 and 2018. He is the Associate Editor for Molecular Human Reproduction, Reproductive Sciences, Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, and Reproductive Biomedicine Online, and is currently co-editor of Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology. As an educator, Dr Seli delivered more than 150 invited lectures nationally and internationally, and he is the recipient of the Association of Professors of Gynecology and Obstetrics (APGO) Excellence in Teaching Award based on evaluations of his lectures by Yale Medical Students. Dr Seli edited four books (Non-invasive Management of Gynecologic Disorders, Infertility, Fertility Preservation, and Human Gametes and Pre-implantation Embryos: Assessment and Diagnosis) and is currently co-authoring the 9th edition of the Speroff's Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility. Juan Antonio García VelascoJuan Antonio García VelascoProfessor Juan Antonio García Velasco is Director of IVI RMA-Madrid, Spain. He gained his degree in medicine at Complutense University, Spain, in 1990, before going on to train as a specialist in obstetrics and gynecology at La Paz Hospital, Spain, between 1992 and 1995. Professor García Velasco gained his PhD in medicine and surgery at Autónoma University, Spain, in 1995. He then became a sub-specialist in reproductive endocrinology and infertility at Yale University, USA, in 1998. Professor García Velasco has published 122 scientific articles in impact journals along with 22 chapters and four books. He is the Principal Investigator of projects funded by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Health. He is the Co-Editor of Reproductive Biomedicine Online (RBMO) and a member of the Editorial Committee of Fertility & Sterility (ASRM), Society for Gynecologic Investigation (SGI), European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE), Spanish Society of Obstetrics (SEGO) and Gynecology and Spanish Society of Fertility (SEF).

Editorial introductions.

Editorial introductions.

Editorial introductions.

Editorial introductions.

Racial disparities in prevalence of homologous recombination deficiency in ovarian, uterine, and cervical cancer tumors

<h3>Objectives:</h3> Prior literature suggests that Black individuals exhibit a higher prevalence of aggressive molecular features in different cancers including endometrial cancers. Blacks may also have more defects in homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). It is currently unclear if the difference in somatic mutations in HRD genes between Blacks and Whites extends to other races and varies by cancer site. This study evaluated racial disparities in somatic mutations in HRD genes in ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancer. <h3>Methods:</h3> Data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Somatic mutations in genes associated with HRD including <i>BRCA-1, BRCA-2,</i> PTEN, CDK12, and RAD51C were acquired for the women with invasive ovarian, uterine, or cervical cancer. Race was categorized as White, Black, Asian, American-Indian, Pacific Islander, or Unknown. Chi-square was used to compare differences in the proportion of mutations between racial groups. <h3>Results:</h3> A total of 280 ovarian, 472 uterine, and 139 cervical cancer patients were included in our analysis and the distribution of somatic mutations in five HRD are displayed in Table 1 by topographic site. Within ovarian cancers, <i>BRCA-1</i> was the most common mutation (8.57%), followed by CDK12 (7.50%) and <i>BRCA-2</i> (7.14%). The rate of <i>BRCA-1</i> mutations in Asian, White, and Black individuals was 10.0%, 7.59%, and 6.25%, respectively (<i>P</i>=0.21). In the endometrial cancer cases, 74.6% expressed a PTEN mutation, and 19.3% expressed a <i>BRCA-2</i> mutation. PTEN mutations were less common in Black women (57.3%) compared to Whites (78.3%) or Asians (90.0%) (<i>P</i>=2.19 x10-18). Finally, 25.2% of all cervical cancer tumors expressed the PTEN mutation, with a similar distribution of PTEN mutations in Asians (28.6%), Blacks (26.7%), and Whites (23.4%) (p=0.78). When considering gynecologic malignancies as an integrated group, 21.6% of Asians had somatic mutations in <i>BRCA-1</i> (21.6%) compared to 9.9% in Whites (9.94%) or 7.5% in Blacks (<i>P</i>=0.001). Asians also had the highest proportion of somatic mutations in <i>BRCA-2</i> (24.3%) compared with 13.3% in Whites and 14.2% in Blacks (<i>P</i>=6.62x10^-6). <h3>Conclusions:</h3> The observed racial differences in the distribution of somatic mutations in HRD across gynecologic malignancies merits further investigation to tailor treatment selection to target these defects.

Editorial introductions.

Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology was launched in 1989. It is one of a successful series of review journals whose unique format is designed to provide a systematic and critical assessment of the literature as presented in the many primary journals. The field of obstetrics and gynecology is divided into nine sections that are reviewed once a year. Each section is assigned a Section Editor, a leading authority in the area, who identifies the most important topics at that time. Here we are pleased to introduce the Journal's Section Editors for this issue. SECTION EDITORS Emre SeliEmre SeliEmre Seli, MD, is Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences at Yale School of Medicine, USA. Dr Seli received his medical degree from the University of Istanbul, Turkey, and completed his residency in obstetrics and gynecology at Yale University. His postdoctoral training included a fellowship in reproductive endocrinology and infertility as well as a research fellowship in molecular biology, both at Yale University. The primary focus of his research program is to understand and treat infertility. His laboratory characterized mechanisms regulating translational activation of gene expression in the oocyte. Dr Seli and his colleagues also made seminal contributions to our understanding of oocyte and embryo competence in IVF and the potential role of non-invasive diagnostic technologies in this context. Dr Seli is the recipient of many National Institutes of Health (NIH) and pharmaceutical industry-sponsored research grants. He has trained more than 50 pre- and post-doctoral fellows, published more than 100 scientific articles, and received numerous research awards, including the Ira and Ester Rosenwaks New Investigator Award from the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), and the President's Achievement Award from the Society for Reproductive Investigation (SRI). Dr Seli's current research focuses on determinants of oocyte and embryo health, and mechanisms of ovarian ageing. Dr Seli is actively involved in professional societies and scientific journals. He served as the Program Director for SRI in 2016, where he is now the Program Committee Chair (2016–2021). He has also been a member of the ASRM Research Committee for the past five years, and served as a member of the SSR Program Committee, where he organized the Ovarian Workshop in 2016 and 2018. He is the Associate Editor for Molecular Human Reproduction, Reproductive Sciences, Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, and Reproductive Biomedicine Online, and is currently co-editor of Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology. As an educator, Dr Seli delivered more than 150 invited lectures nationally and internationally, and he is the recipient of the Association of Professors of Gynecology and Obstetrics (APGO) Excellence in Teaching Award based on evaluations of his lectures by Yale Medical Students. Dr Seli edited four books (Non-invasive Management of Gynecologic Disorders, Infertility, Fertility Preservation, and Human Gametes and Pre-implantation Embryos: Assessment and Diagnosis) and is currently co-authoring the 9th edition of the Speroff's Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology and Infertility. Juan A. Garcia VelascoJuan A. Garcia VelascoProfessor Juan A. Garcia Velasco is Director of IVI RMA-Madrid, Spain. He gained his degree in medicine at Complutense University, Spain, in 1990, before going on to train as a specialist in obstetrics and gynecology at La Paz Hospital, Spain, between 1992 and 1995. Professor Garcia Velasco gained his PhD in medicine and surgery at Autónoma University, Spain, in 1995. He then became a sub-specialist in reproductive endocrinology and infertility at Yale University, USA, in 1998. Professor Garcia Velasco has published 122 scientific articles in impact journals along with 22 chapters and four books. He is the Principal Investigator of projects funded by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Health. He is the Co-Editor of Reproductive Biomedicine Online (RBMO) and a member of the Editorial Committee of Fertility & Sterility (ASRM), Society for Gynecologic Investigation (SGI), European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE), Spanish Society of Obstetrics (SEGO) and Gynecology and Spanish Society of Fertility (SEF).

Treatment-related leukemia after taxane and platinum therapy in gynecological cancer patients (Gynecologic Oncology Trial and Investigation Consortium 011).

To clarify incidence and clinical features of treatment-related leukemia (TRL) due to taxane/platinum therapy in gynecological cancer patients. We conducted a retrospective study of gynecological cancer patients who were diagnosed at facilities participating in the Gynecologic Oncology Trial and Investigation Consortium and started only taxane/platinum therapy as chemotherapy between 2002 and 2006. The site of the primary lesion was the ovary in 124, endometrium in 37, and uterine cervix in 4. The regimen of chemotherapy was paclitaxel (T) + carboplatin (C) therapy in 134 and others in 31 patients. The cumulative incidence was 2.4% (4/165), and the incidence was 2.9/1,000 person-years. All four cases were acute myeloid leukemia. The average total doses of T and C in patients without TRL were 1,693 (SD 1,050) and 4,170 (SD 2,423) mg. For TRL patients, the total T and C doses were, respectively, 1,555 and 3,540 mg, 1,620 and 4,200 mg, 2,130 and 4,700 mg, 3,220 mg and 8,310 mg. The fourth patient received additional 2,415 mg of docetaxel and 2,155 mg of nedaplatin. The intervals from the primary chemotherapy to the onset of TRL were 27, 34, 67, and 114 months. Three patients had no evidence of ovarian cancer. Three patients died of TRL at 4 days, 5months, and 11 months, one patient remained in remission at 25 months after diagnosis of TRL. Patients receiving taxane/platinum therapy should undergo long-term follow-up with attention to the development of TRL, even if the gynecologic malignant cancer is in remission.

Assessment of knowledge, attitude, practice and perceived barriers of breastfeeding among women attending antenatal care follow up at Nekemte Specialized Hospital, Nekemte, Ethiopia

ENWEndNote BIBJabRef, Mendeley RISPapers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero AMA Fikadu Keneni D. Assessment of knowledge, attitude, practice and perceived barriers of breastfeeding among women attending antenatal care follow up at Nekemte Specialized Hospital, Nekemte, Ethiopia. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecological Investigations. 2021;4(1):12-19. doi:10.5114/jogi.2021.109751. APA Fikadu Keneni, D. (2021). Assessment of knowledge, attitude, practice and perceived barriers of breastfeeding among women attending antenatal care follow up at Nekemte Specialized Hospital, Nekemte, Ethiopia. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecological Investigations, 4(1), 12-19. https://doi.org/10.5114/jogi.2021.109751 Chicago Fikadu Keneni, Dame. 2021. "Assessment of knowledge, attitude, practice and perceived barriers of breastfeeding among women attending antenatal care follow up at Nekemte Specialized Hospital, Nekemte, Ethiopia". Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecological Investigations 4 (1): 12-19. doi:10.5114/jogi.2021.109751. Harvard Fikadu Keneni, D. (2021). Assessment of knowledge, attitude, practice and perceived barriers of breastfeeding among women attending antenatal care follow up at Nekemte Specialized Hospital, Nekemte, Ethiopia. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecological Investigations, 4(1), pp.12-19. https://doi.org/10.5114/jogi.2021.109751 MLA Fikadu Keneni, Dame. "Assessment of knowledge, attitude, practice and perceived barriers of breastfeeding among women attending antenatal care follow up at Nekemte Specialized Hospital, Nekemte, Ethiopia." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecological Investigations, vol. 4, no. 1, 2021, pp. 12-19. doi:10.5114/jogi.2021.109751. Vancouver Fikadu Keneni D. Assessment of knowledge, attitude, practice and perceived barriers of breastfeeding among women attending antenatal care follow up at Nekemte Specialized Hospital, Nekemte, Ethiopia. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecological Investigations. 2021;4(1):12-19. doi:10.5114/jogi.2021.109751.

Impact of the first national COVID-19 lockdown on management in a gynecological emergency department: illustration of the resilience of a health center

ENWEndNote BIBJabRef, Mendeley RISPapers, Reference Manager, RefWorks, Zotero AMA Asselineau E, Llouquet F, Bourret A, et al. Impact of the first national COVID-19 lockdown on management in a gynecological emergency department: illustration of the resilience of a health center. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecological Investigations. 2021;4(1):5-11. doi:10.5114/jogi.2021.106192. APA Asselineau, E., Llouquet, F., Bourret, A., Campin, L., Chapron, C., & Chaltiel, D. et al. (2021). Impact of the first national COVID-19 lockdown on management in a gynecological emergency department: illustration of the resilience of a health center. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecological Investigations, 4(1), 5-11. https://doi.org/10.5114/jogi.2021.106192 Chicago Asselineau, Elisabeth, Florence Llouquet, Antoine Bourret, Laetitia Campin, Charles Chapron, Dan Chaltiel, and Florie Pirot. 2021. "Impact of the first national COVID-19 lockdown on management in a gynecological emergency department: illustration of the resilience of a health center". Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecological Investigations 4 (1): 5-11. doi:10.5114/jogi.2021.106192. Harvard Asselineau, E., Llouquet, F., Bourret, A., Campin, L., Chapron, C., Chaltiel, D., and Pirot, F. (2021). Impact of the first national COVID-19 lockdown on management in a gynecological emergency department: illustration of the resilience of a health center. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecological Investigations, 4(1), pp.5-11. https://doi.org/10.5114/jogi.2021.106192 MLA Asselineau, Elisabeth et al. "Impact of the first national COVID-19 lockdown on management in a gynecological emergency department: illustration of the resilience of a health center." Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecological Investigations, vol. 4, no. 1, 2021, pp. 5-11. doi:10.5114/jogi.2021.106192. Vancouver Asselineau E, Llouquet F, Bourret A, Campin L, Chapron C, Chaltiel D et al. Impact of the first national COVID-19 lockdown on management in a gynecological emergency department: illustration of the resilience of a health center. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecological Investigations. 2021;4(1):5-11. doi:10.5114/jogi.2021.106192.

Diagnostic Hysterolaparoscopy in the Evaluation of Female Factor Infertility: A Cross-sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India

ABSTRACT Background Infertility is a worldwide problem affecting people of all geographical location and socioeconomic status. It is estimated that globally 60–80 million couples suffer from infertility every year. The main objective of the study is to detect the diagnostic efficacy of hysterolaparoscopy in evaluating the tubal, uterine, ovarian, and pelvic pathologies causing infertility and also compare the findings of a hysterosalpingogram with diagnostic laparoscopy in evaluating the tubal factor infertility. Materials and methods This hospital-based cross-sectional study included an evaluation of 1,456 couples presenting with complaints of infertility at the Outpatient Department of Government Medical College, Nagpur during the period of February 2016 to September 2018. After thorough gynecological examination and investigations, 130 infertile women were posted for diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy. All the data were collected on predesigned proforma and the results were tabulated and raw percentages calculated to describe the results. Results Among the 130 infertile women, 102 women (78.46%) had primary and 28 (21.53%) had secondary infertility. The maximum number of patients belonged to the age group of 26–30 years (39.23%). About 56% of patients were in the active marriage life of 3–5 years duration. Most of them had multiple factors affecting their fertility. Out of the 130 infertile women, 32 patients (24.62%) had uterine factors, 44 patients (33.84%) had peritoneal factors, 67 patients (51.5%) had ovarian factors, and 89 patients (68.46%) had tubal factors. Only eight patients (6.15%) had normal findings in laparoscopy. Out of the 130 patients, 122 (93.84%) had more than one factor causing infertility. About 26.15% of patients had positive findings in diagnostic hysteroscopy. Conclusion Hysterolaparoscopy provides both a panoramic view of the pelvic reproductive anatomy and also a magnified view of the pelvic organs and peritoneal surfaces. It is generally regarded as the most reliable tool in the diagnosis of tubal pathology and other intra-abdominal causes of infertility because of the correctable abnormalities like endometriosis, adnexal adhesions, and septate uterus which are usually missed, are usually identified that helps in formulating a specific plan of management. How to cite this article Selvaraj P, Parpillewar M, Fidvi J. Diagnostic Hysterolaparoscopy in the Evaluation of Female Factor Infertility: A Cross-sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central India. Int J Infertil Fetal Med 2020;11(2):37–41.

Incidence and hormonal stimulation of cows with ovarian hypotrophy

The purpose of this research was to establish the incidence and to compare the efficiency of two products used for the hormonal stimulation of ovarian hypotrophy. Gynaecological investigations were performed in 2 farms. The animals with ovarian hypotrophy (ovaries smaller than normal and with a slippery surface) were divided in 2 equal groups depending on the protocol applied: Progesterone (Prid Delta, CEVA) and Progesterone (Dehydroxyprogesterone 10%, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca). In case of group 1 the treatment was performed with Prid Delta (CEVA), vaginal use, 1.55 g of progesterone/animal for 7 days. For the animals of group 2 the treatment was performed with Dehydroxyprogesterone, subcutaneous injection, 1.5 g of dehydroxyprogesterone/animal for 7 days. For each group were observed: the estrous signals, the interval of estrous apparition, the number of gestation obtained after the first artificial insemination.