Gum Arabic Powder Research Articles

Enhancing the specific surface area of gum arabic powder using instant controlled pressure drop technology

Enhancing the specific surface area of gum arabic powder using instant controlled pressure drop technology

Evaluation of the Addition of Different Percentages of Gum Arabic Powder (Acacia Senegal) to Diets on the Productive Performance of Ross 308 Broilers

Over the course of 35 days (“from 11/21/2021 to 12/25/2021”), 150 day-old, unsexed Ross 308 broiler chicks were used in an experiment conducted in the poultry field of the College of Agriculture at the University of Karbala to determine the effects of varying percentages of gum arabic powder (Acacia Senegal) added to the diet of broiler chickens on certain productive characteristics. Five treatments were used, with three replicates of ten chicks per treatment, and gum arabic was included in the diet beginning on day one. T1 = No-addition therapy control, T2: gum arabic added at a rate of 2.5 gm per kilogram of feed, T3: 4.5 gm per kilogram of feed, T4: 6.5 gm per kilogram of feed, and T5: 8.5 gm per kilogram of feed. Food conversion coefficient improved for different weeks in the experiment compared to the remainder of the experimental and control coefficients, and average body weight and weight gain increased considerably (P<0.05) under the treatment of adding 6.5 mg of gum arabic / kg feed.

Surface, mechanical and chemical properties of modified denture resin using natural biopolymer.

This laboratory study determined the surface, mechanical and chemical properties of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture resin reinforced with micron-sized Gum Arabic (GA) powder in different weight ratios. This laboratory study was conducted at the Dental Health Department of the College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from November 2022 to February 2023. Three experimental denture resins were prepared by incorporating GA powder in heat-polymerized PMMA powder using different wt.% (5, 10, and 20 wt.%). While pristine PMMA served as the control group. A total of ten bar-shaped specimens with dimensions of 65 mm × 10 mm × 3.5 mm were prepared for each study group. The surface properties (micro CT and SEM evaluation), mechanical properties (Nanohardness, elastic modulus and flexural strength) and chemical properties (FTIR) were conducted. The data were statistically analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc tests (p<0.05). The surface and bulk properties of experimental GA-reinforced PMMA resin materials deteriorated while the mechanical properties were also negatively altered using GA-based PMMA denture resin. A linear correlation was observed between weak mechanical properties and increasing wt.% of GA in denture resin. The incorporation of GA powder in denture resin might not be a viable option. The surface and mechanical properties of experimental PMMA composites were adversely affected compared to the control group.

Utilizing an Oxidized Biopolymer to Enhance the Bonding of Glass Ionomer Luting Cement Particles for Improved Physical and Mechanical Properties.

This study aimed to determine the reinforcing effect of two weight ratios of Gum Arabic (GA) natural biopolymer, i.e., 0.5% and 1.0% in the powdered composition of glass ionomer luting cement. GA powder was oxidized and GA-reinforced GIC in 0.5 and 1.0 wt.% formulations were prepared in rectangular bars using two commercially available GIC luting materials (Medicem and Ketac Cem Radiopaque). The control groups of both materials were prepared as such. The effect of reinforcement was evaluated in terms of microhardness, flexural strength (FS), fracture toughness (FT), and tensile strength (TS). The internal porosity and water contact angle formation on the study samples were also evaluated. Film thickness was measured to gauge the effect of micron-sized GA powder in GA-GIC composite. Paired sample t-tests were conducted to analyze data for statistical significance (p < 0.05). The experimental groups of both materials containing 0.5 wt.% GA-GIC significantly improved FS, FT, and TS compared to their respective control groups. However, the microhardness significantly decreased in experimental groups of both cements compared to their respective control groups. The addition of GA powder did not cause a significant increase in film thickness and the water contact angle of both 0.5 and 1.0 wt.% GA-GIC formulations were less than 90o. Interestingly, the internal porosity of 0.5 wt.% GA-GIC formulations in both materials were observed less compared to their respective control groups. The significantly higher mechanical properties and low porosity in 0.5 wt.% GA-GIC formulations compared to their respective control group indicate that reinforcing GA powder with 0.5 wt.% in GIC might be promising in enhancing the mechanical properties of GIC luting materials.

Oxidized Natural Biopolymer for Enhanced Surface, Physical and Mechanical Properties of Glass Ionomer Luting Cement.

This laboratory investigation aimed to synthesize and characterize micron-sized Gum Arabic (GA) powder and incorporate it in commercially available GIC luting formulation for enhanced physical and mechanical properties of GIC composite. Oxidation of GA was performed and GA-reinforced GIC in 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 & 8.0 wt.% formulations were prepared in disc-shaped using two commercially available GIC luting materials (Medicem and Ketac Cem Radiopaque). While the control groups of both materials were prepared as such. The effect of reinforcement was evaluated in terms of nano hardness, elastic modulus, diametral tensile strength (DTS), compressive strength (CS), water solubility and sorption. Two-way ANOVA and post hoc tests were used to analyze data for statistical significance (p < 0.05). FTIR spectrum confirmed the formation of acid groups in the backbone of polysaccharide chain of GA while XRD peaks confirmed that crystallinity of oxidized GA. The experimental group with 0.5 wt.% GA in GIC enhanced the nano hardness while 0.5 wt.% and 1.0 wt.% GA in GIC increased the elastic modulus compared to the control. The CS of 0.5 wt.% GA in GIC and DTS of 0.5 wt.% and 1.0 wt.% GA in GIC demonstrated elevation. In contrast, the water solubility and sorption of all the experimental groups increased compared to the control groups. The incorporation of lower weight ratios of oxidized GA powder in GIC formulation helps in enhancing the mechanical properties with a slight increase in water solubility and sorption parameters. The addition of micron-sized oxidized GA in GIC formulation is promising and needs further research for improved performance of GIC luting composition.

Impact of Arabic gum powder on the growth performance and health status of Chickens

Impact of Arabic gum powder on the growth performance and health status of Chickens

Effect of Gum Arabic powder on the mechanical properties of denture base acrylic.

This study aimed to improve the mechanical properties of denture base material using various concentrations of natural biopolymer, i.e., Gum Arabic (GA). This experimental study was conducted at the Dental Health Department of the College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from May 2022 to July 2022. After obtaining exemption from the institutional review board, the powdered GA was added in ratios of weight 5, 10, and 20% to PMMA heat-cured acrylic powder to produce bar-shaped samples (65 × 10 × 30 mm3 in dimensions). While the control group was prepared as such. Micro hardness (n=10/group) and fracture toughness (n=10/group) were evaluated. One-way analysis of variance method was used to statistically analyze the results (p<0.05) using SPSS version 23. Significant differences were observed for micro hardness (p<0.001) and fracture toughness (p=0.007) between the means of the different study groups. The control group exhibited the highest micro hardness (22.5±0.6 VHN) and fracture toughness (1.25±0.11 MPa.m1/2) value among the study groups. While 20 wt. % GA and 10 wt. % GA groups showed the lowest micro hardness and fracture toughness values, respectively. GA powder might not be an appropriate reinforcing material for denture base or the higher filler loading of GA in denture base acrylic might be detrimental to the mechanical properties.

Evaluation of gum Arabic (Acacia Senegal) as a natural prebiotic to improve growth performance and health status of broiler chickens.

Gum Arabic (GA) is a natural product containing soluble fiber that is indigestible in the gastrointestinal tract and has been used as a traditional medicine to treat many diseases such as intestinal inflammation, kidney disease, and liver disorders, which may be reflected in the improved performance of broiler chickens when used. Therefore, the main objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of GA on the performance, immune system, visceral organs, functional tests, and histological changes of the ileum, liver, and kidneys of broilers. A total of 432 1-day-old male broilers were allocated to six dietary treatments (0.0, 0.12, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0% GA) for 35days. Performance, internal organs, and blood biochemical indices were measured. Morphology and histometry of the intestine were also performed. Meanwhile, tissues of the ileum, liver, and kidney were examined and evaluated microscopically to observe histological changes. All levels of GA (0.12 to 1.0%) had a positive effect on growth performance and feed conversion ratio. In addition, GA had no effect on the relative weight of lymphoid and visceral organs, except for a linear response in the bursa and liver. The levels of GA (0.12 and 0.25%) showed the potential to decrease serum uric acid, creatinine, and alanine aminotransferase. The remarkable increase in small intestinal morphology of chickens fed GA and an increase in all histometric values of the ileum. All histological changes in the intestine, liver, and kidneys improved in chickens fed the basal diet containing 0.12 to 0.50% GA. These results provide useful evidence for the potential use of GA powder (Acacia senegal) as a natural prebiotic to improve performance and intestinal, liver, and kidney health in broiler chickens.

Effect of Gum Arabic on plaque-induced gingivitis: A randomised controlled trial

New approaches to treating periodontal diseases aim to balance sustaining the natural oral microbiota and modifying the host immune response. Gum Arabic (GA) is a natural polysaccharide rich in prebiotics.The aim of this study was to assess the effect of GA on clinical (Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI)) and immunological (Gingival Crevicular Fluid Interleukin 1 Beta (GCF IL-1 β)) parameters in patients with plaque-induced gingivitis. Materials and methodsThis placebo-controlled, double-blinded randomised clinical trial was conducted at the Department of Periodontology at Khartoum Dental Teaching Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan, from July to October 2016. Patients diagnosed with plaque-induced gingivitis meeting the study eligibility criteria were enrolled. At baseline, PI, GI and GCF IL-1β were measured. Patients received full-mouth scaling and were randomly assigned to receive either GA powder (intervention group) or Microcrystalline cellulose powder (placebo group). The patients were instructed to apply the treatment twice a day throughout the study. The PI, GI and GCF IL-1β were reassessed after 30 and 60 days. ResultsA total of 60 patients were enrolled (30 in each group). Compared to the placebo group, the intervention group showed a statistically significant reduction in GI scores after 30 days and improved PI scores at 30 and 60 days. Between baseline and 60 days, patients who received GA exhibited a significant reduction in GCF IL-1β levels compared to the placebo group. ConclusionGA was found to be effective in controlling plaque and gingivitis.Clinical Trial Registration. ISRCTN registry ISRCTN14209449.

Antimicrobial and cytotoxicity effect of gum Arabic‐silver nanoparticles

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to test the antimicrobial and cytotoxicity effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) manufactured by means of green synthesis using gum Arabic against microorganisms associated with oral biofilm.MethodsTwo types of AgNPs (4g/1g) were synthesized from gum Arabic powder (GA). These GA‐AgNPs were characterized via UV‐Vis spectral analysis, DLS, FTIR, and TEM. Additionally, the stability of both GA‐AgNPs was tested in artificial media representing the condition on the oral cavity. Subsequently, their antimicrobial activity was tested against S.sanguinis, S.mutans, L.acidophilus,and C.albicansusing disc diffusion method. Their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were established. Finally, cytotoxicity was tested on the buccal mucosa fibroblast cells (BMF) using MTT assay.ResultsBoth GA‐AgNPs were spherical, ranging between 10‐20nm in diameter and were more stable in Mullier Hinton Broth compared to the other media tested. 4gGA‐AgNPs had relatively comparable zones of inhibition to chlorohexidine, whereas those for 1gAgNPs were negligible. The average MIC90 &amp; MIC50 for 4gAgNPs range between 3.125‐12.5µg/ml, with 25‐100µg/ml for 1gGA‐AgNPs. The 1gGA‐AgNPs had more than 60% survival below 25µg/ml, while 4gGA‐AgNPs was below 3.125µg/ml.Conclusion4gGA‐AgNPs showed the highest antimicrobial activity against the tested oral microbes, however with higher cytotoxicity that needs to be reduced for further dental application.

Preparation and Characterisation of Irradiated Beans Ink for Offset Lithography Printing

Petroleum-based ink has been widely used around the world, especially in the offset of the lithography printing industry. However, it has negative consequences on the environment as well as the workers who are engaged with it. It includes volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which have a high vapor pressure at room temperature, such as toluene (C7H8). Peanut oil was used in this study to create an offset lithography ink. The objectives of this study are to investigate the physical and chemical properties of peanut beans, to study the effect on peanut oil during the pre- and post-irradiation, and to determine the appropriateness of ink to replace the use of petroleum-based ink. The preparation and characterization of this vegetable-based ink were then used to investigate its capability of becoming a good quality ink that does not bring harm to the consumer after being irradiated with gamma rays. About 15 ml of peanut oil was heated and mixed continuously with 1.5 g of 99% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) pellets for 30 min at a temperature of 133°C, to go through an alkali-refined process. The sieved solution was then added to 1 g of 99% butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) powder, 1.5 g of 100% activated carbon, and 1 g of Arabic gum powder for 20 min, under the same temperature. After being irradiated, the intensities and viscosities of ink increased, compared to before it was irradiated by gamma rays. In the future, the concept of developing ink from vegetable oil has given rise to the concept of developing ink from peanut oil. This sort of ink was appropriate for usage in the offset lithography printing industry. The industry necessitated a greater use of ink for the manufacture of the majority of items we see today, such as newspapers, novels, comic books and magazines. It is far less expensive, and does not emit VOCs into the environment, which will have a negative consequence on a global scale.

The Effect of Graphene Nanoplatelets on Chloride Binding and Chloride Migration in Cement Paste

Abstract This paper aims to study the influence of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) on chloride binding and chloride migration in cement paste. GNPs were dispersed in cement paste in the form of a GNP solution with the help of gum Arabic powder as a dispersant. The microstructure of cement-based materials was investigated via field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). FE-SEM analysis indicated that GNPs can improve the compactness of the cement paste through its filling effect, bridging, and network effects. Adding 0.10 % GNP content improved the chloride binding by 32 % and reduced chloride migration by 45 %. The addition of GNPs can not only improve chloride binding within cement paste, it can also impede the in-migration of chloride from the outside.

Effects of cold atmospheric-pressure plasma on the rheological properties of gum Arabic

The main focus of current research was on the effect of cold atmospheric-pressure plasma (CAP) on the rheological properties of gum Arabic (GA). GA powder was treated by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma with ambient air at different times (20, 40, and 60 min). The rheological properties of both natural and treated-gum dispersions were specified. The results showed the CAP treatment time had a notable and non-linear effect on the rheological parameters of the treated gums. Compared with control, all treated-gum dispersions showed higher apparent viscosity within the applied shear rate range (0.01–400 s−1). The highest viscosity (50 s−1) belonged to the dispersion of the gum treated for 20 min. CAP treatment significantly (p < 0.05) increased the shear-thinning behavior of the treated-gum dispersions. Power-law was the best model for describing the flow behavior of natural GA and treated-gum dispersions. The obtained dynamic rheological parameters (G′ and tan δ) revealed that CAP treatment reinforced the elastic properties of treated-gum dispersions, and the shortest treatment time, 20 min, was more effective in this case. Overall, it was found that the CAP-treated gums by strengthening the elastic features of dispersions could be obtained for new applications in the production of foodstuffs especially beverages.

DETERMINATION OF THE SUITABILITY OF OIL PALM FIBRE COMPOSITE FOR BUILDING APPLICATIONS BY CONE CALORIMETER AND THERMAL ANALYSIS

The high yielding of oil pam fibre reinforced composite (OPFC) to fire has necessitated research to improve and develop fire retardants (FR) to mitigate the spread of fire. Researchers relied on Flame Retardants (FR) classified as either halogenated or non-halogenated based FR to improve the performance of composites with emphasis on flammability properties (FP). The main object of this paper is to evaluate the effect of six non-halogenated FR species in OPFC to meet required fire safety standards for building purposes. The six FR species comprising aluminum tri-hydroxide (ATH), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), Gum Arabic powder (GAP) and carbon black (CB) were processed with OPFC at 0, 15 and 18% loading ratio using hand lay-up compression moulding technique. Specimens cut from the OPFC panels were tested for flammability and thermal properties using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DSC Metlar Toledo) and cone calorimeter apparatus respectively. The result obtained for thermal analysis shows that the panel was thermally stable at 391.6OC before degradation began compared to those without FR while peak flammability properties obtained for heat released rates, mass loss rates and smoke production rates showed the OPFC panels rapid fire response were significantly reduced respectively by 67.4%, 50.9% and 37.5% compared to those without FR. It can be concluded that the hybrid FR comprising APP-GAP showed a stable char structure during fire and thus prevented the escape of combustible volatiles which reduced the peak FP values of the OPFC panels. These flammability properties could be said to meet required fire safety standards for building applications.

AN ASSESSMENT OF THE FAILURE OF FLAME RETARDANT BASED COMPOSITE LAMINATES UNDER MECHANICAL LOADING

Composite laminates have distinct interface comprising reinforcements from both synthetic or natural sources and polymers which make them favourable in the world of composites due to the intrinsic benefits they possess. Composite laminates from natural sources have shown to be highly susceptible to flame and have been improved by the addition of flame retardants (FR) during processing. The effect of the FR on the mechanical behaviour of these composite laminates is quite unclear and has not been given the in-depth attention. In this paper, the effect of FR of two set of composite laminates on mechanical failure was assessed. The two set of composite laminates comprising oil palm fibre composite (OPFC) and wood sawdust composite (WSC) were processed with polyester resin and six (6) FR using hand-lay compression moulding. The FRs were derived from aluminium tri-hydroxide (ATH), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), gum Arabic powder (GAP) and carbon black (CB) at 12%, 15% and 18% loading ratios. Specimen cut from the composite laminates were tested for failure under tensile and flexural loading using the universal testing machine (UTM). The results obtained shows that the addition of 15%APP-GAP/CB in WSC and 12%APP-GAP in WSC exhibited an outstanding performance in improving tensile and flexural strength of the composite laminates by 154% (from 9.67MPa to 24.56MPa) and 103.4% (from 42.14MPa to 85.7MPa) respectively compared to those without FR while the FR in OPFC did not show any significant improvements. It can be concluded that FR with particulate reinforcement could improve the mechanical behaviour of composite laminates as a suitable reinforcement.&#x0D; Suoware, T. O. | Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Federal Polytechnic, Ekowe, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Physicochemical characterizations of gum Arabic modified with oxidation products of ferulic acid

Gum Arabic is a natural polysaccharide with valuable properties that enable its use in many industrial fields. Nevertheless, its application field may be enlarged to new properties. One way consists of the modification of the polysaccharide through an enzymatic process based on the oxidation of a phenolic compound. This work aims then to study the impact of the presence of ferulic acid oxidation products onto gum Arabic on its properties as its color, thermal properties, rheological and interfacial behaviors. For instance, modified gum Arabic powder underwent a change of color from white to orange and a glass transition was reported contrary to native gum. Though its rheological behavior did not change, its solubility decreased from 42.5 ± 2.6 to 10.6 ± 0.1% w/v. However, the amphiphilic behavior of functionalized gum Arabic seemed to be different from the one of native gum Arabic. For a given concentration, the surface tension of the modified polymer was lower (31.2 ± 0.8 mN m−1 for native gum Arabic against 52.5 ± 2.4 mN m−1 for the modified gum at 1% w/v). Finally, modified gum Arabic presented important antioxidant properties. The modification of gum Arabic with phenolic compounds appeared then as a promising way to produce a polysaccharide with new properties that could enlarge the field of its potential applications and could make it an interesting food ingredient.

Characterisation of physicochemical properties of gum arabic powder at various particle sizes

Plant gum exudate, such as gum arabic, is extensively used in a variety of industrial applications due to their emulsification, microencapsulation and stabilisation properties. The present study is aimed to investigate the effect of particle size on the proximate composition, the density and the physicochemical properties of the gum arabic powder. The classification of particle size based on the mean diameter (d50) ranged between 30 to 800 µm. Based on the proximate composition results, the coarse (414 µm) and very coarse (790 µm) particles yielded a similar moisture content of 13.8%, which was higher than that of the commercial gum (11.1%). Meanwhile, the medium coarse (208 µm) particles contain higher fiber content (97.9%) as compared to other particle sizes. The bulk and tapped density of the gum were significantly affected by the particle size. Water activity analysis indicated that the gum arabic is microbiologically safe, as it has poor condition or environment for microbial growth. From the hygroscopicity analysis, it was found that the very fine (37 µm) particles obtained the highest hygroscopicity value of 40%. The swelling index of medium coarse (208 µm) particles was closed to that of the commercial gum. The emulsion capacity (EC) and emulsion stability (ES) analyses observed that the very coarse (790 µm) and very fine (37 µm) particles recorded the highest EC and ES values of 93% and 89%, respectively. The glass transition temperature was not significantly affected by the particle size. The colour analysis indicated that the commercial gum is lighter (71.4) than the other particle sizes. Meanwhile, the very fine (37 µm) and fine (85 µm) particles exhibited similar redness (a*) value with that of the commercial gum, with a value recorded at 3.7. The morphology analysis observed that the gum exhibited irregular shape with rough granule surfaces. The present work revealed that coarse (208 to 414 µm) particles showed better characteristics compared to that of the commercial gum arabic that is available in the market.

Assessment of the potential of Arabic gum as an antimicrobial and antioxidant agent in developing vegan “egg‐free” mayonnaise

AbstractThe main factors affecting the spoilage of mayonnaise are lipid oxidation and microbial contamination. Therefore, the investigation was carried out to estimate the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of the aqueous extract of the Arabic gum (AG). The effect of the addition of AG powder on physical–chemical and sensory properties has been evaluated in different percentages of 25, 50, 75, and 100 into mayonnaise. At the highest concentration of AG 20 mg/ml, the DPPH result represented high antioxidant activity at 92.13%. AG had inhibitory effects on gram‐negative and gram‐positive bacteria, with Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis being the most susceptible bacteria. The use of AG as an egg substitute in mayonnaise has been shown to have a great effect on physical–chemical properties. All mayonnaise samples were sensory acceptable, particularly vegan mayonnaise (100% AG) and still acceptable for consumption at 5°C for 5 months of storage. AG could be considered an additive with significant emulsifier properties, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities. Therefore, AG is a good choice to produce new vegetarian products for consumers who are unable to eat egg‐based foods.

The effect of particle size on the physical properties of Arabic gum powder

AbstractArabic gum is derived from the exudation of stems and branches of Acacia senegal L. and it is widely used as a food additive. The application of Arabic gum as a functional food ingredient is significantly increasing. However, there is limited information on the effects of particle size on the handling and processing of Arabic gum in the industry. Therefore, a study was performed to determine the effects of particle size on the physical properties of Arabic gum powder. The physical properties measured were density, flowability, and dissolution characteristics. In this work, the powders were classified based on their mean diameter (d50) that ranged between 20 and 1,000 μm. The very fine powder exhibited poor flowing properties and long dissolution time, with a Hausner ratio of 1.24 ± 0.1 and dissolution time of 2,821.0 ± 76.0 s. However, the coarse powder had excellent flowing properties and shorter dissolution time, with a Hausner ratio of 1.13 ± 0.02 and dissolution time of 531.5 ± 70.5 s. The results indicated a significant impact of particle size on the cohesivity and solubility of powder, where smaller particle size tended to decrease flowability and increase the dissolution time of the powder.Practical applicationsThis paper studies the characterization of Arabic gum at various particle sizes. The physical properties measured were density, flowability, and dissolution of Arabic gum powder. The results of this study indicate that particle size had significantly affected the powder properties. This knowledge is very important, as Arabic gum is widely used as a food ingredient; this might affect the overall product properties. The outcomes are also beneficial to the industry prior to selecting the specific particle size for the designing and processing of products. Therefore, the results on flowability and dissolution properties of Arabic gum powder can be used as guidance for the development of food product.

Impact of hybrid flame retardant on the flammability and thermomechanical properties of wood sawdust polymer composite panel

SummaryWood‐based polymer composites represent a growing interest in the building industry. The fire response of this composite type is a concern to many end users. This study utilizes wood sawdust as reinforcement to develop flame retarded wood sawdust polyester composite (WSPC) panel. Flame retardant (FR) chemicals such as aluminium tri‐hydroxide (ATH), intumescent FR (ammonium polyphosphate [APP] Gum Arabic Powder [GAP]), and the combination of ATH and APP‐GAP (hybrid) at 0%, 12%, and 18% were used to modify the WSPC panel using hand lay‐up compression moulding technique. Tensile and flexural properties, thermal and flammability properties, and macroscopic image observations (MIOs) were examined using universal testing machine, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DSC), and the cone calorimeter apparatus (CCA), respectively. The results obtained show that the added nonhybrid FR in the WSPC panel enhanced the tensile and flexural strength while a reduction in the tensile modulus was observed. In the thermal stability, TGA analysis reveals that the added hybrid FR did not exhibit significant change in the thermal stability of the WSPC panel while cone calorimeter results show significant improvement in some fire properties. It can be concluded that the hybrid FR when incorporated in WSPC panel can be of great benefit to the building industry.