Guizotia Abyssinica Cass Research Articles

Optimizing dry-air preheating conditions for enhancing bioactive constituents, stability, and physiochemical attributes of niger [Guizotia abyssinica (Lf) Cass.] seed oil

The study employed dry-air preheating (DAP) at different temperatures (140 °C, 160 °C, and 180 °C) and exposure times (5, 10, and 15 min) to improve niger seed oil (NiO) qualitative attributes. The changes in physicochemical characteristics, tocopherols, pigments, phytosterols, phenolic acids, flavonoids, and Maillard products in NiO were explored after DAP of niger seeds. The structural changes induced by DAP promoted the release of beneficial components and restrained the development of harmful oxidative products. The NiO yield and oxidative stability index increased from 32.94 to 41.64 % and 2.71 to 5.17 h upon DAP at 160 °C and 180 °C for 10 min, respectively. The total flavonoids (140.58 mg/kg), hydroxycinnamic (36.39 mg/kg), and hydroxybenzoic (2.724 mg/kg) acids were highest upon DAP at 180 °C for 10 min, while the browning index (0.130), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (3.089 mg/kg), carotenoids (1.023 mg/kg), and viscosity (61.33 mPa·s) were highest upon DAP at 180 °C for 15 min. The tocopherols and phytosterols were augmented in NiO upon DAP at 140 °C for 10 min, while they were declined by further elevating temperature (180 °C) and exposure time (15 min). The results suggest the potential industrial application of DAP for enhancing NiO quality characteristics.

Study on the Effect of Bee Attractants on the Giant Honey Bee, Apis dorsata and their Effect on Niger [Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass] Seed Yield

Study on the Effect of Bee Attractants on the Giant Honey Bee, Apis dorsata and their Effect on Niger [Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass] Seed Yield

Influence of row density and foliar humic acid application on growth parameters, yield and yield components of Niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) in Erbil

Influence of row density and foliar humic acid application on growth parameters, yield and yield components of Niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) in Erbil

Effect of Bee Attractants on the Attraction of Apis dorsata and their Impact on Seed Yield of Niger Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass Crop

The study was conducted at the experimental farm of the PC Unit Sesame and Niger, College of Agriculture, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya (JNKVV), located in Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, during the Kharif season of 2021. The primary objective of the experiment was to assess the influence of bee attractants on the attraction of Apis dorsata (giant honey bees) and their subsequent impact on the seed yield of niger crop. The experiment was designed using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with nine treatments and three replications. This experimental setup allows for systematic testing of the effects of different bee attractants on both bee behavior and crop yield while controlling for potential sources of variation. By utilizing this design, researchers can obtain reliable data on the efficacy of various bee attractants in enhancing pollination and improving seed yield in niger crops. The results showed that the both at 10% and 50% flowering stage Apis dorsata visit was numerically the highest with flower extract of Madhuca longifolia 10% with 20.42 and 19.25 Apis dorsata/m2/5min, respectively. This was followed by rose water spray with 19.25 and 15.33 Apis dorsata/m2/5min, respectively. The population of Apis dorsata was received from the controlled condition 4.08 and 6.08 Apis dorsata/m2/5min at 10% and 50% flowering stage, respectively. This was followed by water spray 5.75 and 8.58 Apis dorsata/m2/5min at 10% and 50% flowering stage, respectively. The foliar spray of mahua flower extract and rose water 10% were found significantly superior over others in respect to record higher seed yield and recorded 6.90 q and 6.70 q/ha seed yield, respectively.

Application of Noug (Guizotia abyssinica cass.) stalk activated carbon for the removal of lead (II) ions from aqueous solutions

Due to the rise of industries worldwide, huge amounts of pollutants including heavy metals are released into the surroundings. Disposal of effluents containing heavy metals in higher concentrations without proper treatment is common in industries; lead is one of them. This study aims to determine and optimize the efficiency of Noug (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) stalk porous carbon (NSAC) for the elimination of lead (II) from aqueous solutions. For studying the adsorption characteristics of Noug stalk activated carbon (NSAC) an adsorbate of lead (II) ions was used. The interaction and effect of the following parameters on Pb(II) adsorption were investigated using Design Expert version 7.0 software (central composite design) to determine the optimum adsorption condition: pH, initial concentration of Pb(II) ion, adsorbent dose, and contact time. The optimized condition for the elimination of lead (II) using Noug stalk porous carbon (98.77 %) was achieved at pH [4.87], initial concentration of Pb(II) [84.66 mg/L], adsorbent dose [18.43 g/L], and contact time [2.04 h]. The pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir isotherm model which had a maximum adsorption capacity of 89.25 mg/g, provided the best-fit models for Pb(II) adsorption, with R2 values of 0.99 and 0.98, respectively. Efficient elimination of Pb(II) from wastewater can be performed through the use of NSAC. Future research should delve more into column adsorption under continuous wastewater flow.

Genetic Variability and Character Association among the Yield and Yield Attributing Traits in Niger [Guizotia abyssinica (L. f.) Cass.

Niger is a minor oil seed crop mostly cultivated in high altitude and tribal zones of India with relatively lower productivity. Development of varieties with higher yielding ability needs keen observations and scientific studies on the genetic variability and character association studies among the available germplasm or in the breeding material. The present investigation was carried out with a main objective to estimate the extent of genetic variability and character association with respect to yield and yield component traits. Thirty five genotypes of niger were collected from different niger stations and sown in rabi, 2022 in a randomized block design at Regional Agricultural Research Station, High Altitude and Tribal Zone, Chintapalle, ANGRAU. Observations were recorded on five plants in each line in each replication for plant height (cm), number of branches plant-1, number of capitula plant-1, test weight (g) and seed yield plant-1 (g). Days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity and seed yield ha-1 (kg/ha) were recorded on plot basis. Analysis of heritability(bs) and genetic advance as percent of mean revealed that four characters viz., plant height, number of branches plant-1, number of capitula plant-1 and seed yield plant-1 are governed by additive gene action, which can be improved further by simple selection methods. Majority of the characters under study are having a significant positive association with seed yield ha-1which helps in indirect selection for higher yield by using these character combinations. All the characters showed significant and positive association with seed yield plant-1which helps in indirect selection of genotypes for improved yielding ability.

Introduction of Guizotia abyssinica (L.F.) Cass. in agroecological conditions of the Central region of the Russian Federation

Global climate changes taking place over the past decades make the issue of biodiversification of the food supply of our country more and more urgent, which can serve to strengthen it through the introduction of ecologically plastic plants, and, most importantly, resistant to abiotic stresses of the growing season. In this regard, the Abyssinian herb is of interest, in the world it is considered not only as an oilseed, but also as a fodder crop, the green mass of which is suitable for use both fresh and for silage. In 2023, in the agroecological conditions of the Field Experimental Station of the RGAU-MSHA named after K.A. Timiryazev, we conducted a study of nougat in order to determine the possibility of cultivating this crop in the conditions of the Central region of the Russian Federation for fodder purposes. The object of research was the Lipchanin variety, sowing was carried out with a row spacing of 15 cm, without fertilizing in 4-fold repetition.

Niger germplasm evaluation for major morphological and agronomical traits

A panel of niger (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f) Cass) accessions were augmented and evaluated to characterize for various morphological and agronomical traits. The analysis of variance has shown that there was a significant variation observed among the genotypes. Variability analysis revealed that the oil content had high GCV with high broad sense heritability. High PCV was observed among the other yield related traits which indicates that these traitsare highly influenced by the environmental factors.

Variation in oil and oil quality parameters in Niger germplasm

Niger (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f) Cass) germplasm from 800 accessions were analysed for oil and quality parameters. Significant variation was found among genotypes. The oil content ranged from 15.73% to 49.64%. Palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid were detected in the analysed samples. Linolenic acid was the predominant fatty acid.

Green Manuring and Nitrogen Management for Sustainable Productivity of Niger [Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.] in Odisha, India

Niger (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass), a minor oil seed crop is generally cultivated in marginal and sub marginal lands under poor agronomic practices without application of manures and fertilizers which causes great losses in its yield. However, the crop has high yield potential if recommended agronomic package of practices are followed. Also, the farmers always grow niger without application of any organic or inorganic fertilizers. In view of this, a field experiment was carried outunder All India Coordinated Research Project on Niger at Regional Research and Technology Transfer Station (OUAT), Semiliguda of Koraput district under Eastern Ghat High Land zone of Odisha in acidic soil during two consecutive kharif seasons of 2019 to 2020 to study the response of green manuring and nitrogen management on growth and yield of niger. The experiment consisted of four crop sequences and four nitrogen levels with split plot design. The data revealed that growing of niger crop after incorporation of cowpea as green manure along with application of recommended dose of fertilizer resulted in significantly highest seed yield of 645.6 kg/ha and 684.1 kg/ha with a net monetary return of Rs.17939/ha and Rs.30853/ha and benefit cost ratio of 1.7 and 2.9 during the year 2019 and 2020 respectively.

Productivity and economic viability of winter niger [Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.] under varying nutrient management practices

Results of the field experiments conducted in Vertisols of Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh on irrigated niger (cv.JNC-1) during winter season for three consecutive years (2008-09 to 2010-11) revealed that application of 40 kgN + 30 kg P2O5 + 20 kg K2O/ha (recommended dose of fertilizer) along with spraying of 2% DAP twice at flowering and capitula formation stage showed higher seed (647 kg/ha); oil yield (198 kg/ha), and net monetary returns (` 7867/ha). This was at par with recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) along with spraying of 2% urea twice. Application of 75% RDF along with spraying of 2% DAP twice at the same stage was comparable to 100% RDF alone with regard to productivity and economic viability. Numerically,spraying of DAP proved better than spraying of urea in respect of production and profit.

Screening of Different Genotypes of Niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass) against Major Insect Pests

An experiment was conducted at Project Coordinating Unit Sesame and Niger, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur (M.P.) during Pre-Rabi season in the year 2020-21, encompassed of 21 promising genotypes of Niger which were screened for resistance/susceptibility against whiteflies, leafhoppers, and capsule fly. The genotypes JNS-28, JNS-9, JNC-6, NRS-1805, IGPN-15-02 and NRS-1513 were found promising against whitefly. The genotypes JNS-2017-8, IGPN-15-02, NRS-1513, NRS-1511 and JNS-2017-1 were found promising against the incidence of leafhopper. The genotypes DNS-19-24, JNS-2017-8, JNS-2016-1115, NRS-1513 and NRS-1807 were found promising against capsule fly.

Nutritional and nutraceutical variability in neglected niger (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.) accessions from Eastern Ghats of India

The exploitation of neglected niger accessions plays a crucial role in future breeding programs aimed to enhance the quality. Present study evaluated the genetic variation in nutritional and nutraceutical compositions of 30 indigenous niger accessions originating from Eastern Ghats of India, and compare them with three improved varieties of the locality. The proximate compositions (g/100 ​g) showed significant variations, with moisture ranging from 1.36 ​g to 4.95 ​g, ash from 1.06 ​g to 5.45 ​g, fat from 28.53 ​g to 44.11 ​g, protein from 8.84 ​g to 18.18 ​g, carbohydrate from 11.21 ​g to 35.09 ​g, fiber from 16.32 ​g to 26.62 ​g, and energy from 407.32 ​Kcal to 526.84 ​kcal. Niger seeds are rich in phenol 41.10–82.20 ​mg/g, flavonoid 5.32–15.98 ​μg/g, antioxidant 13.59–31.08% across the accessions. Principal component analysis revealed that the first two axis explained 41.8% of the total variation, indicating significant differences among genotypes. The heritability and genetic advance in percent of mean (GAM) ranged from 61.11% to 99.91% and 12.5%–89.1% among the traits across the populations. High heritability and GAM recorded in vitamin C, ash content, antioxidant capacity, flavonoid and phenol suggests that these traits may be important for niger breeding program. Altogether, some indigenous niger accessions such as Mangardora, Ganjeipadar and Kolabnagar had exceptionally rich in fat, protein and energy contents and are nutritionally superior compared to improved variety of the locality. Further, exceptional rich in flavonoid, antioxidant capacity and vitamin C was recorded in Manahar, Badapada and Mahadeiput. These nutrition rich accessions have ample opportunities for future breeding programs aimed to enhance the quality and hold great potential in food industry for making high value functional food.

Optimization of process variables to prepare activated carbon from Noug (Guizotia abyssinica cass.) stalk using response surface methodology

Even though adsorption is considered the simple, effective, and efficient method for the treatment of wastewater, accessibility of low-cost and locally available activated carbon remains the challenge. In response to this, recently significant amounts of agricultural byproducts have been investigated to prepare low-cost porous carbon, but there is still a problem related to cost and availability. So, Noug stalk, chosen because of its abundance and low cost as an agricultural byproduct in Ethiopia, was chemically activated with phosphoric acid to produce a low-cost porous carbon. The production of Noug stalk activated carbon (NSAC) is optimized using response surface methodology. A central composite design was used to investigate the effect of three process parameters, namely carbonization temperature (450–650 °C), activation time (90–150 min), and impregnation ratio (w/w) (1–3), on the BET surface area and yield of porous carbon. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) result shows that all three process parameters showed a significant effect on the surface area of porous carbon, while only carbonization temperature showed a significant effect on the yield of porous carbon. The best conditions for NSAC preparation were a carbonization temperature of 537.50 °C, an activation time of 127 min, and an impregnation ratio of 1.95, resulting in a BET surface area and yield of 473.45 m2 g−1 and 53.78%, respectively. The expected and observed values of the model for the outcome variable were highly comparable. Several analytical techniques, including proximal analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and N2 adsorption-desorption, were used to characterize the NSAC. The results demonstrated that the prepared NSAC has a highly porous structure comparable to porous carbon obtained from other biomass feedstocks. This implies it would be used as a potential low-cost alternative for wastewater treatment using the adsorption process.

Mutagenic effect of gamma rays and EMS on agronomical traits of niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.)

This study was conducted to augment genetic variability in niger plant (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) using gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) Niger (G. abyssinica) seeds of cultivar N-71 were exposed to various doses of gamma rays which ranged from 24 to 28 KR and different concentrations of EMS which ranged from 0.2 to 0.4% and in combination. Morphogenic and agronomic traits in the M1 and M2 generations that analyzed included: percentage of germination and survival, plant height, number of branches, capitulum size, number of ray florets per capitulum, number of disc florets per capitulum, head size, number of capitula per plant, number of seeds per capitulum, seed yield per plant and 1000-seed weight. The results of the present study showed that the three gamma irradiation doses used (24, 26 and 28 KR) had decreasing effect in most of the agronomic and morphological traits evaluated in M1. However, combination treatments like 24 KR+0.2% EMS and 26KR+0.4% EMS showed a noteworthy increase of grain yield and yield related components. In general, for the three irradiation doses in M1 population, there were no significant changes observed in morphological traits, however, in progenies of collective mutagenic treated seeds some potential high-yielding mutants were identified.

Responses of Niger [Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.] to cadmium and nickel stress

Responses of Niger [Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.] to cadmium and nickel stress

Antidiabetic potential of Guizotia Abyssinica cass seed oil in Wistar Albino rats - An experimental approach

Guizotia abyssinica Cass. widely grown plant of southern India, seed oil of which are said to be healthy source of oil. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder affecting major population worldwide. Nutritive healthy source of oils and fats are essential in current scenario. Hence antidiabetic property of Guizotia abyssinica Cass seed oil is tested in Streptozotocin induced diabetes in Wistar albino Rats. Materials and methods: Test drug collected, authenticated, seed oil prepared. Study was conducted in Wistar albino Rats inducing diabetes with Intra peritoneal injection of Streptozotocin. The animals under different test groups received Glibenclamide as standard drug; single and Double dose of G. abyssinica Cass seed oil as test drug and the effect was observed by analysing serum glucose, lipid profile, weight of the Liver and histopathological changes in liver and pancreas after 21 days of experiment. Results: Test drug disclosed decrease in the Serum Sugar level. It has also shown decrease in total cholesterol, LDL and not showed the significant increase in HDL. Histopathological observation of Liver and pancreas proved safety aspect of the drug by preventing the cytotoxic effect of STZ.

Pharmacological and Phytochemical Profile of Guizotia Abyssinica Cass – A Review Beyond its Culinary Utility

The plant kingdom has always been the favourite source of medication in all tradition all over the world. Plants are the source of nutrition and medicaments. It is an approved fact that nothing will exist in this universe without any medicinal properties. This contention is more strengthened by the eternal flow of traditional use of plants as medicine. Last few decades have shown notable resurgence of interest in medicinal plants. Guizotia abyssinica Cass. commonly known as Ramtil Niger regionally called as Gurellu native of Ethiopia cultivated in India also is an erect stout branched annual herb grown for its edible oil and seed. Seeds are specially used to prepare in dry chutney condiments amp as accompaniments in southern India. The ethnomedical claim about this culinary ingredient induced a focus explore it in wide angle. Various parts of the plants like leaves whole plant are commonly used in Agro forestry and Industries. The seeds and seed oil being used culinary it has the nutritional potentiality. It has showed the presence of major fatty acids like linoleic acids lupeol etc. which can be taken as source for the healthy lipids. The anti-oxidant anti-inflammatory and anthelmintic activities have been observed while screening.

Adoption of recommended cultivation practices in Niger crop (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.) by tribal farmers in Agency area of Alluri Seetharama Raju district, Andhra Pradesh, India

Niger crop is being cultivated in agency areas of ASR district, Andhra Pradesh for millennia with 4000 ha area during the year 2020-2021. The package of practices for cultivation of Niger crop is validated and proven the best as per ANGRAU recommendations. The present study reveals the information on major adopted recommended cultivation practices of Niger crops besides constraints faced by the tribal farmers. A set of 15 recommended practices were prepared as a schedule for personal interview to 60 randomly selected tribal farmers in agency areas and their responses were recorded. The results inferred that among all the schedules, majority farmers had adopted the recommended practices like sowing in time, harvesting within time, application of FYM and drying the harvested produce before bagging with 96.67, 96.67, 95.00 and 93.33 per cent responses. The major constraints include cuscuta weed management, non availability of Niger seed/improved varieties of Niger crop and difficulty in sowing due to dreadful weather conditions like continuous rains. Development of contingency crop plans or suggestive alternate crops are needed during the weather disasters. Through training programmes, method and result demonstrations information on weed, pest and disease management in Niger crop are to be disseminated to the tribal farmers. Village level seed multiplication/production technologies are to be popularised among tribal farmers to encompass the sufficient seed material with vigour and viability to sustain the Niger crop cultivation in agency areas of ASR district, Andhra Pradesh.

Genetic Variability Studies for Yield and Its Attributing Traits in Niger (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass)

The experiment was conducted during Kharif 2020 and 2021 at Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. A total of 103 accessions including 03 checks were assessed and observations were recorded for ten traits viz., days to flower initiation, days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of capitula per plant, number of seeds per capitula, 1000 seed weight (g) and seed yield per plant (g). REML analysis discovered significant differences among the 103 accessions for all the traits. It indicates a satisfactory amount of genetic variability among the accessions for yield and yield-attributing traits. Values of phenotypic coefficients of variation were higher than the value of genotypic coefficients of variation in this study. High heritability was noted for all the traits under the experiment. Genetic advance as a percentage of mean recorded high for seed yield per plant followed by number of capitula per plant, number of seeds per capitula, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, 1000-seed weight whereas, trait days to 50% flowering, days to flower initiation and days to maturity exhibited low magnitude. These results indicate the dominance of the additive gene effect, which will aid in selection in an early segregating generation.