Growth Of Guava Research Articles

Salicylic acid does not alleviate salt stress on physiological indicators and growth of guava

In the semi-arid region, the quality of water for irrigation stands out as a limiting factor for the expansion ofagriculture. Thus, it is extremely important to search for alternatives that minimize the effects of salt stress onplants. Foliar application of salicylic acid stands out among these strategies. In this context, the objective ofthis study was to evaluate the gas exchange, photosynthetic pigments, and growth of guava as a function ofirrigation water salinity and exogenous application of salicylic acid in the post-grafting stage. The experimentwas conducted under greenhouse conditions, in a randomized block experimental design, in a 2 × 4 facto rialscheme, corresponding to two levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (0.6 and 3.2 dS m-1) and fourconcentrations of salicylic acid (0; 1.2; 2.4 and 3.6 mM), with three replicates. Irrigation with water of 3.2 dS m-1caused reductions in transpiration, CO2 assimilation rate, instantaneous water use efficiency and instantaneouscarboxylation efficiency of guava, at 150 days after transplanting. Water with electrical conductivity of 3.2 dSm-1 reduced the growth in stem diameter and the absolute and relative growth rates, as well as the relativewater content, and chlorophyll a and b contents of guava plants. The interaction between water salinity levelsand salicylic acid concentrations did not influence the physiological indices and growth of guava in the postgraftingphase.

Response of N P S doses and urea foliar spray on lentil under guava (Psidium guajava) + lentil (Lens culinaris) based agri-horti system

An experiment was conducted at research farm of Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Barkachha, Mirzapur situated in eastern Uttar Pradesh during winter (rabi) season of 2021–22 with the objective to study the response of nitrogen, phosphorous, sulphur doses and urea foliar spray on lentil growth attributes, yield attributes, yield and economics under guava + lentil based agri-horti system. Results revealed that the higher growth, yield attributes, yield, net monetory returns and benefit-cost ratio were recorded under N23.5+P60+S40 which was at par with N20+P50+S30. In case of varied doses of foliar spray of urea, foliar spray of 2% urea at pre-flowering stage fb 2% urea at pod initiation stage recorded significantly higher growth, yield, yield attributes and economics which was at par with foliar spray of 2% urea spray at pre-flowering stage. Moreover, between the sowing of the lentils and the harvest, the guava's growth attributes were also increased. Therefore, under rainfed conditions of Vidhyan region of eastern Uttar Pradesh, application of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur @20, 50 and 30 kg/ha as basal application along with foliar application (spray) of 2% urea at pre-flowering stage (45 DAS) to lentil crop was found to be better option for higher profitability under guava plantation.

Growth Promotion of Guava “Pear” (Psidium guajava cv.) by Sinorhizobium mexicanum in Southern Mexican Agricultural Fields

Biofertilizers formulated with nitrogen-fixing bacteria represent an alternative to chemical fertilizers because they increase soil fertility and protect the environment. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the effects on the growth of guava “pear” (Psidium guajava cv.) after inoculation with a nitrogen fixing bacterium Sinorhizobium mexicanum ITTG-R7T. The study was carried out in an agricultural rural area of Chiapas, Mexico, where farmers do not have programs of regenerative agriculture. First, the agricultural soil was subjected to physicochemical and metagenomic analysis in order to determine the soil quality and its bacterial community composition. Likewise, multifunctional biochemical tests and plant inoculation assays were evaluated to determine the potential of S. mexicanum ITTG-R7T as plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). The site was rain fed and had silty clay loam soil with abundant Bacillaceae. S. mexicanum ITTG-R7T showed different properties as PGPB such as the production of indole compounds, synthesis of extracellular enzymes, phosphate solubilization, synthesis of siderophores, ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate) deaminase, and nitrogenase activity (ARA). When the strain ITTG-R7 T was combined with chemical nutrients, it had the highest positive effect on the growth and development of guava plants. Guava biofertilization with ITTG-R7T had a significant influence (p < 0.05) mainly on the total plant height (368.83 cm), number of flowers (36.0) and the amount of chlorophyll (2.81 mg mL−1) in comparison with the other treatments evaluated. ITTG-R7T is a promising strain for improving the guava crop yield.

Effect of local microorganisms (LOM) and growing media on growth of guava (Psidium guajava L.) at nursery stage

Guava is a fruit that trade internationally. One of the problems in Indonesia is preparing the plant for a seedling. This research investigated the effect of local microorganisms and growing media on Guava’s growth at the nursery stage. The experiment was conducted from June to August 2020, at the experimental site of agriculture faculty, University of Lampung. The design used was a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors: growing media and local microorganisms (LOM). Growing media consisting of 2 types, M1: combination soil and rice husk, M2: combination soil and baglog waste. Local microorganisms consisting of 4 types, P1: local microorganisms from EM4, P2: local microorganisms from rice fermentation, P3: local microorganisms from oil palm empty bunches fermentation, P3: local microorganisms from fruit and vegetable fermentation. The results showed that the treatment combination of local microorganismss and growing media did not show the dominant pattern. Growing media combination of soil and rice husk was better than a combination of soil and baglog waste to support Guava’s growth. Local microorganisms from fruit and vegetable fermentation promote the high value on the growth of Guava.

Effect of Preplanting Treatments and Root-Promoting Hormones on Rooting and Growth of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Montakab El-Sabahia CV Semi-Hard Wood Cuttings in Dakahlia Governorate Egypt

Ten well established mature seedling trees (22 years old) of guava cv. Montakab El-Sabahia CV., grown at the Baramoon experimental farm, horticulture research institute Dakahlia governorate, Egypt were used in present study during two seasons 2016-2017. Half of the selected trees were sprayed with Ethephon at 600 ppm applied in February of each year. The other half was left as a control without spraying. The semi-hard wood cuttings were taken in May and July. Immediately after collection, all cuttings were soaked for 3 hours in activated charcoal (AC) 15%. The experiment was laid out in complete randomized blocks design. The total number of treatments amounted to 9 treatments. IBA at 3000, 4500, 5000 ppm, Ethephon at 600ppm, Benzoic acid at 100ppm and Citric acid at 100ppm. The more favorable results were obtained in the first collecting date (May), and among the treatments, T5 (Ethephon 600ppm + Benzoic acid 100ppm + IBA 4500ppm T5) recorded the best results in percentage of rooted cuttings 70%, number of roots per cutting 4.3, length of roots 4.32 cm, root fresh weight per cutting 3.35g and survival percentage of rooted cuttings 50%.

PHYSIOLOGICAL INDICES AND GROWTH OF ‘PALUMA’ GUAVA UNDER SALINE WATER IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN FERTIGATION

ABSTRACT The cultivation of irrigated guava in semi-arid areas highlights the need for information regarding its responses to irrigation water quality and the fertilization management that enables its exploitation. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of water salinity and nitrogen (N) doses on the growth and physiology of the guava cv. ‘Paluma’. The experiments was conducted in drainage lysimeters under field conditions in an experimental area at the Center of Sciences and Agri-Food Technology of the Federal University of Campina Grande (CCTA/UFCG), Campus II, in Pombal, PB, Brazil. The experiment had a randomized block design, and treatments consisted of a 5 x 4 factorial arrangement corresponding to five levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity, ECw (0.3, 1.1, 1.9, 2.7, and 3.5 dS m-1), and four N doses (70, 100, 130, and 160% of the recommended N dose). The 100% dose corresponded to 541.1 mg of N dm-3 of soil. Increments in irrigation water salinity from 0.3 dS m-1 led to a reduction in stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration, CO2 assimilation rate, transpiration, instantaneous water use efficiency, the number of leaves and branches, stem diameter, and absolute and relative growth rates. Nitrogen doses ranging from 378.7 to 865.7 mg of N dm-3 of soil did not affect gas exchange and plant growth. Although ‘Paluma’ guava growth was affected by increases in water salinity, these plants can be irrigated using water of up to 1.42 dS m-1 with an acceptable reduction of 10% in growth variables. The interaction between irrigation water salinity and N fertilization had no significant effect on any of the variables studied.

Autoallelopathic efeects of foliage extracts on seed germination and seedling growth of guava (Psidium Guajava L.)

The autoallelopathic effects of foliage on seed germination and seedling development of guava (Psidium guajava L.) was investigated. Compared with the distilled water control, most of the aqueous extracts of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 g dry leaves of guava in a liter of distilled water reduced the final germination percentage, the germination rate, as evaluated by the corrected germination rateindex (CGRI), and the radicle growth rate. The detrimental effects on these parameters increased with the increase of the extract concentration. Using mannitol solutions with the same pH and osmotic potentials as the extracts resulted in significantly higher germination percentage and rate and radiclegrowth rate than most of their corresponding extracts. Consequently, it could be concluded that guava leaves contain allelochemicals which could inhibit seed germination and seedling radical growth of that species

Influence of Sub- and Supra-Optimal Concentrations of Some Growth Regulators On Growth of Guava, Phenol Status, Nitrogen Concentration and Numbers of Meloidogyne Incognita

The effects of several plant growth substances on the growth of guava, root-knot development, phenolic content and nitrogen concentration were studied using sub- and supra-optimal doses applied as foliar sprays. Shoot and root growth were stimulated by sub-optimal doses of growth retardants and promotors but retarded by supra-optimal ones. Sub-optimal doses of CCC and daminozide plant retardants stimulated stem elongation and internode length and increased the numbers of nodes, branches and leaves. Supra-optimal doses of ethephon and GA plant stimulators had the reverse effects. The multiplication of Meloidogyne incognita at sub- or supra-optimal rates of growth retarding or stimulating substances was greater in treated than in untreated plants, but the degree of root-galling was sometimes independent of population density. Effectiveness of plant growth regulators on host growth and associated nematodes seems largely dosage dependent. There was an accumulation of phenols in treated tissues compared with those translocated or synthesized in untreated roots. Some 26.5 times more accumulated phenols were observed after a CCC subdose than in untreated controls. The mono/poly phenol ratio seemed to influence root galling. Nitrogen concentration varied little.