Guard Training Research Articles

Does policy that provides choice in athletic footwear affect musculoskeletal injury risk in US Coast Guard recruits?

IntroductionMusculoskeletal injuries (MSKIs) are ubiquitous during initial entry military training, with overuse injuries the most common. A common injury mechanism is running, an activity that is integral to US Coast...

RESEARCH OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DISTANCE LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES USE IN THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF THE MILITARY STAFF

In the article the use of distance learning technologies in the professional training and advanced training of personnel of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine is substantiated. It is proposed to conduct a survey among teachers on a certain list of questions. Each issue of the effectiveness of distance learning technologies is fundamentally described and analyzed. The survey was conducted among the academic staff of Bohdan Khmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (then – SBGSU) and the teachers of Major General Igor Momot Central Training Centre of the SBGSU. The results of the survey are presented in the form of tables and diagrams. It is noted that due to distance learning, the teaching staff mainly uses Zoom, Viber, and Google Meet applications. It was found that foreign distance learning platforms are used by teachers mainly for professional self-development, as well as for additional tasks for cadets, research projects and assignments.Based on these results, the advantages and disadvantages of using distance learning technologies for border guard training were identified. A third of the teachers chose distance education, as it provides training in conditions of forced dispersion and distance, thanks to Internet access. The practical use of technical devices among teaching staff is considered and a comparison with the use of the same means by cadets is proposed. As for the quality of assessment of cadets by teachers when using distance learning technologies, the reasons for its bias are stated, which is related to the difficulty of monitoring the actions and integrity of cadets.

Wastewater Surveillance of US Coast Guard Installations and Seagoing Military Vessels to Mitigate the Risk of COVID-19 Outbreaks, March 2021-August 2022.

Military training centers and seagoing vessels are often environments at high risk for the spread of COVID-19 and other contagious diseases, because military trainees and personnel arrive after traveling from many parts of the country and live in congregate settings. We examined whether levels of SARS-CoV-2 genetic material in wastewater correlated with SARS-CoV-2 infections among military personnel living in communal barracks and vessels at US Coast Guard training centers in the United States. The Coast Guard developed and established 3 laboratories with wastewater testing capability at Coast Guard training centers from March 2021 through August 2022. We analyzed wastewater from barracks housing trainees and from 4 Coast Guard vessels for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 genes N and E and quantified the results relative to levels of a fecal indicator virus, pepper mild mottle virus. We compared quantified data with the timing of medically diagnosed COVID-19 infection among (1) military personnel who had presented with symptoms or had been discovered through contact tracing and had medical tests and (2) military personnel who had been discovered through routine surveillance by positive SARS-CoV-2 antigen or polymerase chain reaction test results. Levels of viral genes in wastewater at Coast Guard locations were best correlated with diagnosed COVID-19 cases when wastewater testing was performed twice weekly with passive samplers deployed for the entire week; such testing detected ≥1 COVID-19 case 69.8% of the time and ≥3 cases 88.3% of the time. Wastewater assessment in vessels did not continue because of logistical constraints. Wastewater testing is an effective tool for measuring the presence and patterns of SARS-CoV-2 infections among military populations. Success with wastewater testing for SARS-CoV-2 infections suggests that other diseases may be assessed with similar approaches.

Kegiatan Ice Breaking Sebagai Konsentrasi Pelatihan Diklat Satpam Di Sukoharjo

Security Guard Training and Training in Sukoharjo faces challenges in increasing the effectiveness of learning and concentration of participants. The activity "Ice Breaking as a Concentration for Security Guard Training Training in Sukoharjo" is proposed as an innovative approach to start training in a fresh and fun atmosphere with the aim of providing a brief overview of the importance of ice breaking in the context of security guard training in Sukoharjo as an effort to achieve optimal learning effectiveness. Ice breaking is seen as an essential first step to build relationships between participants, create a comfortable atmosphere, and increase participant motivation. The method for this service is in 3 stages starting from opening, content and closing and the population is security guards in Sukoharjo. The conclusion is that the implementation of ice breaking in security guard training in Sukoharjo is not just an opening step, but is a critical element in achieving training objectives by providing a strong foundation for effective and continuous learning.

「경비업법」 규정과 경비실무 운영상 쟁점 사안에 관한 대안적 고찰

Although Korea's 「Security Service Act」 has been revised several times since its enactment in 1976, there are parts that do not meet the modern needs of the security industry environment. First of all, the definition of security work is unclear, and the scope of security guards' work is unclear. Confusion has continued. In 2023, the Constitutional Court ruled that some provisions of the Security Service Act prohibiting security guards from performing non-security work were unconstitutional. This measure actually infringes on the importance of security work and adds to confusion. Problems related to the validity period of security guard new training certificates are also appearing in practice. Therefore, in the future, it is important to revise the 「Security Business Act」 into a comprehensive 「Security Industry-Related Act」, clearly distinguish the scope of work of security guards, and provide security guard training. It is proposed that legislation be enacted to prevent recurrence of problems such as the controversy over the validity of certificates of completion through an overall review. These improvement measures will improve the social status of security workers by creating future national added value in the private security industry and securing professionalism in the security industry.

Sampling Duration and Season Recommendations for Passive Acoustic Monitoring of Bats after White-Nose Syndrome

Abstract Since 2006, white-nose syndrome has caused drastic declines in populations of several hibernating bat species throughout eastern North America. Thus, there is a growing need to establish long-term monitoring programs to assess changes in bat populations over time. Information on the seasonal timing of species occurrence and the sampling effort required to acoustically detect individual bat species and obtain complete inventories will enable researchers to design and implement more effective monitoring programs. From April to October 2018 to 2021, we passively sampled for bats using full-spectrum detectors at eight permanent sites at Fort Indiantown Gap National Guard Training Center, Pennsylvania. We examined seasonal activity patterns and estimated bat species richness among sites and seasons using species accumulation curves. We also estimated probability of detection (p) and site occupancy (Ψ) using single-season occupancy models in PRESENCE software and then determined the minimum number of sampling nights needed to reliably infer the absence of each species. We identified 286,131 bat passes of eight species in 4,107 detector-nights. Seasonal patterns of activity varied among species. We needed approximately 20 sampling nights to detect 90% of the total bat species richness among sites, and we needed 4 to 10 nights to detect 90% of species richness among seasons. We needed relatively few nights (≤12 nights) to detect most species during summer; however, we needed many more nights to detect acoustically rare species. Our results indicate that the acoustic sampling effort currently required to determine the presence or probable absence of Indiana myotis Myotis sodalis, northern long-eared myotis M. septentrionalis, and tricolored bats Perimyotis subflavus during summer may not be adequate for these species in some areas and that a considerable level of effort (>40 nights) is needed to detect little brown myotis M. lucifugus. Monitoring programs that incorporate efficient sampling methodologies will be critical for future conservation efforts as populations of several bat species continue to decline.

PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF BORDER GUARDS IN PROFILING PERSONS

The author of the paper explores the content of the qualification improvement course “Profiling, Interviewing, Identification” implemented in the State Border Guard College of the Republic of Latvia, the questionnaires given to the course participants in order to develop the guidelines for more effective training of border guards in the field of profiling and provides his point of view, taking into account training on profiling delivered in national and international context and level. The paper is aimed to identify the possibilities of improving the border guards’ professional background in performing profiling in line with the current socio-economic, political and migration trends in Europe and in the world. The research was done in the State Border Guard College of the Republic of Latvia and several Central Asia region countries. For this purpose analysis and evaluation of documents, scientific, pedagogical and psychological literature was performed and suggestions for the improvement of border guard training system in the field of profiling were compiled. The author concludes that the current SBGC lecturers` level of proficiency allows to develop and implement any length and content qualification improvement course in the field of profiling. The author recommends to develop a micro-learning approach, namely by creating a variety of short video training materials. Development of profiling methodological instructions at the central level of the State Border Guard would lead to the increase of profiler (border guard) activities efficiency in performing service duties and would allow to operate with profiling related terms, procedures and activities.

Peculiarities of Distance Learning Platforms Usage in Law Enforcement Educational Institutions during the Covid-19 Pandemic

The article reviews the peculiarities of distance learning platforms usage in law enforcement educational institutions during the Covid-19 pandemic. Distance learning at U.S. Federal Law Enforcement Training Center, which is based on the Online Campus have been substantiated. Particular attention is paid to topical issues of training on such online training mod-ules of the Campus: crime scene, driving training, drugs, firearms, health, interviews, investigation, law, topography, maritime training, personal security, technical means, terrorism, stopping vehicles, etc. There are also programs to study the courses "Small Arms" and "Use of Force" in the online training modules of the Campus. The specifics of professional training of border guards in Asian countries have been revealed: the use of platforms of law enforcement agencies; focus of training on the devel-opment of basic competencies and the ability to solve problem situations; the opportunity to take online courses for all categories of staff at a con-venient time; creation of a three-level round-the-clock system of functioning of training of specialists. Peculiarities of professional training of border guards of European countries have been outlined considering the usage of both the platforms of institutions and joint platforms of international organizations, namely: web platform Virtual Aula of Agency FRONTEX; CEPOL DL (e-Net) web platform; European Coast Guard Training (ECGTP) platforms; ILIAS EU Mission EUBAM; Connect & Learn UNHCR; UNODC and others. Special attention is paid to the capabilities of the Virtual Aula web platform for training teachers, instructors, external experts, etc. Web platform Virtual Aula of Agency FRONTEX presents up-to-date information on educational programs conducted in Europe. Characteristics of distance learning platforms usage in higher law enforcement educational institutions in Ukraine have been presented. Distance learning course of the English language for border guards have been developed and implemented. Considerable attention is also paid to the disclosure of online assessment of knowledge: the test of self-control on the topics, modules, and procedure of final assessment.

Program Planning of Security Unit Basic Training (SATPAM) Gada Pratama Qualification Based on Local Wisdom in the Era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0

GADA Pratama is a mandatory basic education & training for prospective members of the Security Unit (SATPAM) so that they can be more responsible and professional in carrying out the duties of security and public order in their work environment. The research purpose is to reveal and analyze the program planning of the basic security guard training. The method used is qualitative with a case study that explores the results achieved in a report that will be used in the basic security guard training program. The implication is that the company will have digital data that can be used as a reference in the next training process.

Criteria and indicators of professional experience formation of future border guard officers in the process of military and border guard practical training

The article is devoted to the definition of criteria, indicators of the professional experience formation of future border guards in the process of military and border guard practical training. Criteria for the professional experience formation of future border guards in the process of military and border guard practical training have been defined as follows: value and personal (indicators: the formation of personal qualities; expression of value orientations of the individual; awareness of the importance of professional activity), motivational and functional (indicators: motivational activity; attitude to professional activity; responsibility for own actions), activity and reflexive (indicators: ability to apply the acquired professional experience; ability to reflect in the assessment of own actions; self-assessment of own behavior and own decisions). According to the criteria and indicators, three levels of professional experience of future border guards in the process of military and border guard training have been identified: high, average, low.

IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON BORDER GUARDS TRAINING IN LATVIA, LITHUANIA, ESTONIA AND FINLAND.

Due to Covid-19 the use of educational technologies, efficient and meaningful implementation of digital learning possibilities have become particularly important topics in order to develop border guards training. Issues related to training online, communication via several platforms, possibilities do develop interactive training content, need to use the potential of e-learning opportunities have become routine topics of discussion and ongoing research. Trainers of border guard training institutions have to tackle unexpected, unexplored, challenges and tasks related to border guards training due to Covid-19. Digital competence is particularly important to implement efficient online communication environment. To find out training and learning outcomes and define further necessities of e-learning development during emergency situations the authors of this research explore the scientific literature on the current research results, methodologies, approaches and best practices on developing e-learning systems in educational contexts during Covid-19. Survey results on attitudes, experiences and suggestions of border guards’ trainers in Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia and Finland have been analysed to put forward suggestions for further border guard training development particularly in e-learning context during emergency situations.

Current and Proposed Efforts to Resolve HSPD-5 and NCP Authorities (NIC and PFO)

ABSTRACT During the evening of 20 April, 2010 U.S. Coast Guard District Eight Command Center watch standers received a report of an explosion aboard the Deepwater Horizon (DWH), an oil rig working on the Macondo oil well approximately 42 miles Southeast of Venice, LA (OSC Report, 2011). The explosion on board the DWH and resulting fires eventually destroyed the oil rig and caused it to sink into the Gulf of Mexico. Eleven crewmembers lost their lives in the tragic events that unfolded that night, and one of the nation's largest environmental disasters would soon follow. Estimates of the oil discharged from the Macondo oil well were between 12,000 and 25,000 barrels per day, and the response involved approximately 47,000 oil spill response personnel, 6,870 vessels, approximately 4.12 million feet of boom, and 17,500 National Guard personnel, five states (OSC Report, 2011). The massive oil spill lasted 87 days and estimates suggest that more than 200 million gallons of oil was discharged into the Gulf of Mexico, which stands as the largest oil spill event in U.S. history. From these massive response operations came important lessons learned for SONS event planning, preparedness, and response, as it became apparent during DWH response operations that oil spill response governance and doctrine was not well understood across the whole-of-government. This issue was well documented in the National Incident Commander's report and several recommendations were identified to address this issue. This paper will explore the steps taken within the U.S. Coast Guard's (USCG) SONS Exercise and Training Program to promote a better understanding of oil spill response governance and doctrine among Cabinet-level senior leadership and the interagency representatives that will ultimately be involved when the next SONS event happens.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ОФІЦЕРІВ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ПРИКОРДОННОЇ СЛУЖБИ УКРАЇНИ ДО ВЕДЕННЯ КОРАБЕЛЬНОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА В ЗАГОНАХ МОРСЬКОЇ ОХОРОНИ

One of the main functions of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine is the protection of the state border of Ukraine on land, sea, rivers, lakes and other bodies of water; protection of the sovereign rights of Ukraine in its exclusive (maritime) economic zone and control over the implementation of rights and fulfilment of obligations by other countries in this zone. The structure of the Border Guard Service of Ukraine includes the Maritime Guard, which consists of Maritime Guard Detachments. The State Border Guard Service of Ukraine organizes training and retraining of its servicemen in educational institutions. The Bohdan Khmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine is such an institution in the border protection system. The article analyses the peculiarities of training future officers of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine to conduct ship administration in the Maritime Guard Detachments of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine. The scientific attention was drawn by having identified certain problematic issues that arose in the training process organization of specialists for service in the Maritime Guard Regional Department of the Border Guard Agency – three Maritime Guard Detachments and the Maritime Guard Training Centre. Ship administration in the Maritime Guard Detachments provides support for operational and service activities, combat (professional) training, work with personnel, household, proper operation, repair, storage of weapons, military equipment and property. At the same time, as a result of scientific analysis of educational and professional programs (working programs of disciplines, practical training programs) of the National Academy, it has been established that there are no topics about the main provisions for the organization of ship administration in bodies, institutions and establishments of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine. The article also proposes to develop ways to resolve the contradiction between the emergence of the logistics section on headquarters of a rapid response border command and the lack of planning changes in the educational process of the National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine. The author highlights the results of the above analysis, including the facts of low qualification of officers in the field of ship administration, and focuses on the importance of taking into account in the issues of conducting ship administration in the educational process of the SBGS educational institutions, based on the requirements of departmental guidelines for proper professional training of relevant officials.

One-Handed Extremity Tourniquet Self-Application (ETS-A) Assessment in a Specialized Spanish Civil Guard Training Center

One-Handed Extremity Tourniquet Self-Application (ETS-A) Assessment in a Specialized Spanish Civil Guard Training Center

Mosquito Community and West Nile Virus Risk on a National Guard Training Base in Oklahoma

Military bases are important areas for mosquito surveillance to maintain active duty combat readiness and protect training exercises. The aim of this study was to assist Camp Gruber National Guard training facility personnel to assess their mosquito community and West Nile virus (WNV) risk using biweekly sampling of 50 sites. Between May and October 2018, 10,259 adult female mosquitoes consisting of 6 genera and 26 species were collected over 662 trap-nights using 2 trap types. The most commonly collected genus was Culex (72.2% of total), followed by Psorophora (13.3%) and Aedes (10.2%). Of note, most of the medically important species were collected in the area containing troop living quarters, including 1 WNV-positive pool of Culex tarsalis. Two specimens of Aedes aegypti were collected around a vehicle storage area. While smaller in land mass size than many other active military bases in Oklahoma, the diversity of species at Camp Gruber was comparable to collections from 4 larger bases in Oklahoma. These data demonstrate the need for regular season-long mosquito monitoring of training bases to protect the health of active duty and reserve military personnel.

The Health and Well-being of Low Paying Jobs in Southern Africa: Case Study of Security Guards in Zambia

As concerns for employee well-being across all sectors increase, security guards in Southern Africa and the rest of Africa at large attract less attention in human resource management. Well-being is pivotal for positive psychological feeling of workers, and also conducive for economic growth. Employee well-being has positive effects on company performance, profitability and growth. Therefore, employee well-being is a cardinal factor across the globe. Security guards, like any other employees, deserve decent conditions of service, which promote their overall well-being. Youths who lack sufficient funds to pursue tertiary education in universities end up undertaking the most affordable short courses in order to see them through employment, as they are desperate for incomes to sustain themselves and families. The commonest affordable short courses in Southern Africa include those found in jobs such as security guards, carpentry, tailoring, and cookery. Amongst the most affordable short courses, youths prefer security guard training due to its high job market demand. The health, safety, and quality of the physical environment, as well as the low subsistence wages for Security guards leave much to be desired. The labour standards of security guards in Africa are unthinkable, unsatisfactory and atrocious. This study aims at introducing essential recommendations in order to improve the well-being of security guards in southern Africa. The paper adopted a qualitative research approach by gathering information from security guards working in five different security firms in Zambia.

Becoming and Development of Organizational and Legal Foundations of the Border Guards of Ukraine Training

Analysis of the regulatory and legal acts that regulate the training of the staff of the State Border Service of Ukraine shows the importance of the development and further improvement of the organizational and legal bases of its implementation. In the process of forming a modern border guard training system it is important to consider of historical experience which will help to determine ways for effective development. Prerequisites for the establishment of the national border guard training system have been analysed; the stages of the training system development have been investigated and the connection between the improvement of the border protection organization and the need to develop the border guards’ professional competences has been identified. The main criterion of the conducted periodization is the presence of special requirements for the level of border guards’ preparedness and the form of training. In particular, we propose to distinguish the following historical stages: the first — performing of border protection by people for whom military affairs were an integral part of life and the necessary skills in weapon handling and tactical techniques were acquired throughout the service; the second stage — border protection was entrusted to professional military personnel who had received training in military training institutions and acquired professional competence during additional special training at the place of service; and third — training is provided by specialized departmental educational institutions. As a regulatory and systematic process, the border guards’ training started with the establishment and development of specialized military educational institutions. The search for optimal models of forming the border guards’ professionalism led to the establishment of specialized institutions of narrow professional orientation, which have become the ground for the development of border guard education and formed the basis of the modern training system organization. Although each stage of the training organization is closely linked to the historical conditions of its implementation, performance evaluation will provide an opportunity to highlight trends and predict future performance.

Superior Visual Timing Sensitivity in Auditory But Not Visual World Class Drum Corps Experts.

World class drum corps require cooperation among performance artists to render precisely synchronized and asynchronized events. For example, drum corps visual aesthetics often feature salient radial and rotational motion displays from the color guard. Accordingly, extensive color guard training might predict superior visual timing sensitivity to asynchronies in radial and rotational motion displays. Less intuitively, one might instead predict superior visual timing sensitivity among world class drum corps musicians, who regularly subdivide musical tempos into brief time units. This prediction arises from the possibility that auditory training transfers cross-modally. Here, we investigated whether precise visual temporal order judgments (TOJs) more strongly align with color guard's visual training or musicians' auditory training. To mimic color guard visual displays, stimuli comprised bilateral plaid patterns that radiated or rotated before changing direction asynchronously. Human participants indicated whether the direction changed first on the left or right, called a TOJ. Twenty-five percussionists, 67 brass players, and 29 color guard members from a world class drum corps collectively completed 67,760 visual TOJ trials. Percussionists exhibited significantly lower TOJ thresholds than did brass players, who exhibited significantly lower TOJ thresholds than did the color guard. Group median thresholds spanned an order of magnitude, ranging between 29 ms (percussionists judging rotational asynchronies) and 290 ms (color guard judging radial asynchronies). The results suggest that visual timing can improve more by training cross-modally than intramodally, even when intramodal training and testing stimuli closely match. More broadly, pre-existing training histories can provide a unique window into the timing sensitivity of the nervous system.

BORDER CHECK TRAINING IN FINLAND - COMPARISON OF E-LEARNING TOOLS FOR PRACTICAL AND LEGAL STUDIES

The paper discusses the possibilities and challenges in applying e-learning tools in border check training, comparing the training of legal issues and border check practices. The main research question of the paper is how e-learning is utilised in and comport with border guard training. In pedagogical discussion, one of the most popular strands in the e-learning context is the method called "flipped classroom". In a flipped classroom, part of so-called blended learning, students study e-learning material before they start practicing their skills in simulated situations. We examine in which situations related to border checks flipped learning could be appropriate and beneficial and what sort of skills can best be learned through them. Practical skills are of course crucial, and after classroom learning in border guard training, working practice periods are obligatory for students. With the above-mentioned pedagogical concepts in mind, we first utilise content analysis based on the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework, analysing how the online platform supports practical skills. Secondly, we bring the training period into conversation highlighting its importance as a learning method. The empirical material of the paper consists of educational documents, e-learning material used in border check and legal training as well as interviews and observation with trainers and teachers at the Finnish Border and Coast Guard Academy. The paper illustrates that e-learning tools are particularly useful in rehearsing to apply theoretical knowledge in practical situations. Still, the training period cannot be replaced with any methods. However, basing on the tentative analysis of empirical data before training period, flipped learning method seems to be very effective learning method.

OPTIMIZATION OF THE STUDY PROCESS ORGANIZATION IN THE STATE BORDER GUARD COLLEGE

The present paper explores specificity of educational process in the State Border Guard College as a militarized educational institution. It is specific and implementation of educational process in such institution is not possible without the successive and continuous organization of the study process. The correct organization of the study process and scientific content of the training program serves as a basis for development of the students' theoretical knowledge and practical skills and its structural and content organization is essential for the implementation of a qualitative educational process. The aim of the research is to identify the possibilities to improve the structural and content based organization of the study process of the State Border Guard College in order to facilitate the achievement of the goals set by the border guard training process. The study was conducted in the State Border Guard College using scientific, pedagogical and psychological literature analysis and evaluation and document analysis research method. The author brought forward conclusion that the structural and content study process improving in the State Border Guard College can be achieved by changing professional border guard training course program (1 month) and professional further education study program "Border Guarding", study subjects and their succession.