Growth Rate Of Microorganisms Research Articles

Performance Evaluation of Sponge Anaerobic Baffled Reactor for Municipal Wastewater Treatment

The anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) is a decentralized treatment system that is commonly used for municipal wastewater treatment. Slower growth rate of anaerobic microorganisms requires extended hydraulic retention time (HRT), leading to a larger bioreactor volume. In this study, polyurethane sponge sheets were provided in a six-compartment ABR for retention and growth of biomass to improve its treatment performance at shorter HRTs. Polyurethane sponge was selected for its low cost, durability, availability, easy emplacement, and high voidage. The sponge anaerobic baffled reactor (SABR) was operated within a temperature range of 35 ± 1 °C at HRTs of 18, 12, 8, and 6 h to evaluate its treatment performance. Average removal efficiencies ranged from 60–77% for organics, 74–81% for total suspended solids (TSS), 50–66% for total nitrogen (TN), and 47–57% for total phosphorus (TP). The shortest HRT was 8 h with average removal efficiencies of 74, 63, 64, and 52% for organics, TSS, TN, and TP, respectively, to meet effluent discharge limits. With the shortest HRT of 8 h, the SABR demonstrated low volume requirements, thereby making it an efficient solution for decentralized wastewater treatment, particularly advantageous for developing countries with warm climates.

Extraction of Bacterial Pigments and Evaluation of its Antioxidant Activity

Carotenoid are pigment that exist in a wide variety of plant and microorganism they are characterized by red, yellow or orange coloration .These important pigment play significant role in animal and human health .In contrast to plant production, the advantages of microbial fermentation of carotenoids were lower media cost, fast growth rate of microorganism and the ease of culture control . When the microbial cells are used to produce the color the term refers to ‘microbial pigments’. Different types of pigments extracted from different microbes. In this study, soil and water samples were collected from different areas of MGM University, Chh. Sambhajinagar .Different pigmented colonies were observed on nutrient agar plate .Out of these, the orange and yellow colonies were selected and sub-cultured further to obtain their pure cultures. These samples were inoculated onto nutrient agar plates, and after an incubation period of 24 hours, different colonies were observed on the plates. Out of these, the orange and yellow isolated were selected and sub-cultured further to obtain their pure cultures. After production of the pigment in liquid medium, it was further processed for the extraction of these pigments. Further, antioxidant assay by radical scavenging activity of DPPH was carried out, which revealed that the pigment had an radical scavenging activity of 60% as compared to that of the standard ascorbic acid, which showed radical scavenging activity of 33 %. Thus, the current study can be a useful step for large-scale production of pigments, their purification and application in cosmetic industries

Growth rate as a link between microbial diversity and soil biogeochemistry.

Measuring the growth rate of a microorganism is a simple yet profound way to quantify its effect on the world. The absolute growth rate of a microbial population reflects rates of resource assimilation, biomass production and element transformation-some of the many ways in which organisms affect Earth's ecosystems and climate. Microbial fitness in the environment depends on the ability to reproduce quickly when conditions are favourable and adopt a survival physiology when conditions worsen, which cells coordinate by adjusting their relative growth rate. At the population level, relative growth rate is a sensitive metric of fitness, linking survival and reproduction to the ecology and evolution of populations. Techniques combining omics and stable isotope probing enable sensitive measurements of the growth rates of microbial assemblages and individual taxa in soil. Microbial ecologists can explore how the growth rates of taxa with known traits and evolutionary histories respond to changes in resource availability, environmental conditions and interactions with other organisms. We anticipate that quantitative and scalable data on the growth rates of soil microorganisms, coupled with measurements of biogeochemical fluxes, will allow scientists to test and refine ecological theory and advance process-based models of carbon flux, nutrient uptake and ecosystem productivity. Measurements of in situ microbial growth rates provide insights into the ecology of populations and can be used to quantitatively link microbial diversity to soil biogeochemistry.

Exploring prebiotic properties and its probiotic potential of new formulations of soy milk-derived beverages.

The food and beverage industry has shown a growing interest in plant-based beverages as alternatives to traditional milk consumption. Soy milk is derived from soy beans and contains proteins, isoflavones, soy bean oligosaccharides, and saponins, among other ingredients. Because of its high nutritive value and versatility, soy milk has gained a lot of attention as a functional food. The present work aims to explore the prebiotic properties and gastrointestinal tolerance potential of new formulations of soy milk-derived drinks to be fermented with riboflavin-producing probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MTCC (Microbial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank) 25432, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MTCC 25433, and Lactobacillus acidophilus NCIM (National Collection of Industrial Microorganisms) 2902 strains. The soy milk co-fermented beverage showed highest PAS (1.24 ± 0.02) followed by soy milk beverages fermented with L. plantarum MTCC 25433 (0.753 ± 0.0) when compared to the commercial prebiotic raffinose (1.29 ± 0.01). The findings of this study suggested that the soy milk beverages exhibited potent prebiotic activity, having the ability to support the growth of probiotics, and the potential to raise the content of several bioactive substances. The higher prebiotics activity score showed that the higher the growth rate of probiotics microorganism, the lower the growth of pathogen. For acidic tolerance, all fermented soy milk managed to meet the minimal requirement of 106 viable probiotic cells per milliliter at pH 2 (8.13, 8.26, 8.30, and 8.45 logs CFU/mL, respectively) and pH 3.5 (8.11, 8.07, 8.39, and 9.01 log CFU/mL, respectively). The survival rate of soy milk LAB isolates on bile for 3 h ranged from 84.64 to 89.60%. The study concluded that lactobacilli could thrive in gastrointestinal tract. The sensory evaluation scores for body and texture, color, flavor, and overall acceptability showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the fermented probiotic soy milk and control samples. Soy milk fermented with a combination of L. plantarum MTCC 25432 & MTCC 25433 demonstrated the highest acceptability with the least amount of beany flavor. The findings of the study suggest soy milk's potential in plant-based beverage market.

A lipase from Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus IDCC 3201 with thermostability and pH resistance for use as a detergent additive

Lipases are important biocatalysts and ubiquitous in plants, animals, and microorganisms. The high growth rates of microorganisms with low production costs have enabled the wide application of microbial lipases in detergent, food, and cosmetic industries. Herein, a novel lipase from Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus IDCC 3201 (Lac-Rh) was isolated and its activity analyzed under a range of reaction conditions to evaluate its potential industrial application. The isolated Lac-Rh showed a molecular weight of 24 kDa and a maximum activity of 3438.5 ± 1.8 U/mg protein at 60 °C and pH 8. Additionally, Lac-Rh retained activity in alkaline conditions and in 10% v/v concentrations of organic solvents, including glycerol and acetone. Interestingly, after pre-incubation in the presence of multiple commercial detergents, Lac-Rh maintained over 80% of its activity and the stains from cotton were successfully removed under a simulated laundry setting. Overall, the purified lipase from L. rhamnosus IDCC 3201 has potential for use as a detergent in industrial applications.Key points• A novel lipase (Lac-Rh) was isolated from Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus IDCC 3201• Purified Lac-Rh exhibited its highest activity at a temperature of 60 °C and a pH of 8, respectively• Lac-Rh remains stable in commercial laundry detergent and enhances washing performance

Antimicrobial effects of Rosmarinus Officinalis; in-vitro study

Introduction: The plant Rosmarinus officinalis (RO) is a member of the Lamiaceae family and is more commonly known as rosemary. This study's primary objective is to compare the antimicrobial effect of RO extract at different concentrations on various microorganisms.&#x0D; Material and Methods: Strains of S. aureus ATCC 29213, K. pneumoniae ATCC 13883, and E. coli ATCC 25922 obtained from the national reference center were inoculated into liquid Müller Hinton broth (Oxoid, UK) and incubated at 37 oC’ for 24 hours. To assess the antimicrobial efficacy of the RO extract, dilutions of 0.0625%, 0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% were prepared.&#x0D; Results: The MIC value for RO extract was 2% for S. aureus ATCC 29213 and K. pneumoniae ATCC 13883 and 3% for E. coli ATCC 25283. A statistically significant difference was found between the three groups, including 0.0625% and 2% of RO, in terms of the growth rates of microorganisms (p

Preparation of Citral Oleogel and Antimicrobial Properties.

The objective of this study was to analyze a natural and safe oleogel with antimicrobial properties that can replace animal fats while lengthening the product's shelf life. The oleogel was created using direct dispersion (MG-SO), and its material characterization exhibited the exceptional performance of the hybrid gelant. Additionally, citral was integrated into the oil gel to prepare the citral oleogel (MG-SO). The antimicrobial nature of the material was examined and the findings revealed that it inhibited the growth of various experimental model bacteria, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea, and Rhizopus stolonifer. In addition, the material had a comparable inhibitory impact on airborne microorganisms. Lastly, MG-SON was utilized in plant-based meat patties and demonstrated an ability to significantly reduce the growth rate of microorganisms.

Moisture content effects on self-heating in stored biomass: An experimental study

Biomass is essential for modern bioenergy applications, but long-term storage of large volumes of it can pose challenges to plant safety due to the intrinsic self-heating characteristics of biomass piles. In recent years, serious fire accidents have occurred because of self-heating. However, little research has been conducted on this concern. The effects of different initial moisture contents (range of 20–95 %) on the self-heating characteristics of rice and wheat straw, which are two different agricultural biomass residues, are investigated in this study. Biomass samples with different initial moisture contents are stored in a well-insulated container, and the temperature and oxygen levels within the stored biomass samples are monitored. Based on the tests, the heat production rate, oxygen consumption rate and microorganism growth rate are derived, and the impacts of the initial moisture contents on the self-heating characteristics of the stored biomass samples are analysed. The highest temperatures in the stored rice straw and wheat straw are attained under initial moisture contents of 50 % and 20 %, respectively, while the largest heat production rates for both straw types are attained under an initial moisture content of 95 %. An increase in the initial moisture content greatly enhances the overall biological reactivity and oxygen consumption rate. The heat production and oxygen consumption levels exhibit a clear positive correlation. Under identical storage conditions, wheat straw is more susceptible to self-heating than rice straw, as shown by its higher heat generation, faster oxygen consumption, and shorter temperature peaking time. This study contributes to a quantitative understanding of the underlying processes and provides valuable experimental data for model development to guide safe biomass storage systems.

System dynamic modelling to assess the influential factors affecting roughing filter and slow sand filter performance in treating culinary wastewater

This research aimed to determine the factors that influence the performance of a slow sand filter (SSF) equipped with a roughing filter (RF) as a pretreatment unit using system dynamic (SD) modelling. STELLA was used to model the system and predict the behavior pattern, as well as the system's performance in removing turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), BOD, COD, and phosphate. SD modelling consisted of system identification, system model framework, model structure building, system modelling, verification, and validation. Two sub-models were obtained from the main model, consisting of the RF and SSF sub-models. Results showed that dissolved oxygen (DO) and the growth rate of microorganisms played significant roles in the parameter removal. Predicted result by SD modelling showed a good fit with actual run, suggesting that factors applied in the model building were adequate to exhibit the actual system. RF removed 80.5 %–85 % of turbidity and 70.63 %–85 % of TSS, while SSF removed 48.50 %–82.43 % of turbidity, 0.92 %–46.15 % of TSS, 1.65 %–65.45 % of BOD, 22.69 %–65.22 % of COD, and 7.96 %–27.11 % of phosphate. Effluent after SSF was still having BOD and COD concentrations exceeding the governmental standard, in which increasing DO inlet and microorganism growth rate were simulated afterward. The scenarios used showed a positive impact on the removal of BOD and COD, resulting in an average concentration lower than the permissible limit (5 mg/L and 50 mg/L, respectively).

The Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Chlorhexidine Diacetate Incorporated into Acrylic Resins Used in Provisional Restorations.

The surface of provisional restorations applied before conventional or implant- supported fixed restorations may cause bacterial or fungal biofilm formation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of acrylic resins used in provisional restorations modified with chlorhexidine diacetate. 120 cylindrical, auto-polymerized resin samples modified with chlorhexidine diacetate were prepared at concentrations of 0 (control), 1, 3, 5 wt %. The antimicrobial activity was examined against Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans using Crystal Violet quantification, MTT assay, and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and paired sample t-tests (α=0.05). The addition of chlorhexidine diacetate influenced the growth rate and metabolic activity of microorganisms. The antimicrobial effect against C. albicans and S. mutans statistically increased with the percentage of chlorhexidine diacetate. E. faecalis bacteria were less affected by chlorhexidine diacetate compared to other pathogens. It has been shown that the effectiveness of CHDA in inhibiting the proliferation of microorganisms correlated positively with increasing concentration levels. More research is needed to confirm the impact of different chlorhexidine concentrations on the mechanical properties, clinical efficacy, and antimicrobial properties of CDHA.

Optimization of medium and media components for maximum biomass of Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1 using Response Surface Methodology

Often, biotechnological advances are hindered by low growth rate of microorganisms utilized in the process, making optimal design of culture media a crucial aspect to consider in the biotechnology field. Materials and Method: Optimization of media components for growth and biomass production of Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1, our organism of interest, was carried out using response surface methodology, a statistical approach to optimize and improve the performance of a process by analyzing the relationships between input variables and output responses. A linear model was estimated and media components were determined based on the linear regression equation generated by the model. The variables chosen were casein enzyme hydrolysate, yeast extract, arginine, and peptone. Results &amp; Discussion: An optimum result for the four variables was predicted based on the experimental response, which is 7.5 g/L of casein enzyme hydrolysate and yeast extract each, and 5.0 g/L each of peptone and arginine. The optimized medium reduced the time required for the cell culture to attain stationary phase, and showed a significant increase in the amount of biomass obtained as compared with that in standard media.

Revealing mechanisms of triclosan on the removal and distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus in microalgal-bacterial symbiosis system

Microalgal-bacterial symbiosis (MABS) system performs synergistic effect on the reduction of nutrients and carbon emissions in the water treatment process. However, antimicrobial agents are frequently detected in water, which influence the performance of MABS system. In this study, triclosan (TCS) was selected to reveal the effects and mechanisms of antimicrobial agents on MABS system. Results showed that the removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand, NH4+-N and total phosphorus decreased by 3.0%, 24.0% and 14.3% under TCS stress. In contrast, there were no significant decrease on the removal effect of total nitrogen. Mechanism analysis showed that both the growth rate of microorganisms and the nutrients retention capacity of extracellular polymeric substances were decreased. The intracellular accumulation for nitrogen and phosphorus was promoted due to the increased cytomembrane permeability caused by lipid peroxidation. Moreover, microalgae were dominant in MABS system with ratio between microalgae and bacteria of more than 5.49. The main genus was Parachlorella, with abundance of more than 90%. Parachlorella was highly tolerant to TCS, which might be conductive to maintain its survival. This study revealed the nutrients pathways of MABS system under TCS stress, and helped to optimize the operation of MABS system.

Enhancement of nitrogen removal in coupling Anammox and DAMO via Fe-modified granular activated carbon

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) coupled with Denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation (DAMO) is an attractive technology to simultaneously remove nitrogen and mitigate methane emissions from wastewater. However, its nitrogen removal rate is usually limited due to the low methane mass transfer efficiency, low metabolic activity and slow growth rate of functional microorganisms. In this study, GAC and Fe-modified GAC (Fe-GAC) were added into Anammox-DAMO process to investigate their effects on nitrogen removal rates and then reveal the mechanism. The results showed that after 80-day experiments, the total nitrogen removal rate was slightly improved in the presence of GAC (3.94 mg L−1·d−1), while it reached high as 16.66 mg L−1·d−1 in the presence of Fe-GAC, which was ca.17 times that of non-amended control group (0.96 mg L−1·d−1). The addition of Fe-GAC stimulated the secretion of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), improved the electron transfer capability and promoted the production of Cytochrome C. Besides, the key functional enzyme activities (HZS, HDH and NAR) were highest in the Fe-GAC group, which were approximately 1.06–1.56 times higher than those of GAC-amended and blank control groups. Microbial community analysis showed that the abundance of the DAMO archaea (Candidatus Methanoperedens) and Anammox bacteria (Candidatus Brocadia) were remarkably increased with the addition of Fe-GAC. Functional genes associated with nitrogen removal and methane oxidation in Fe-GAC system were up-regulated. This study provides a promising strategy for achieving high rate of nitrogen removal upon Anammox-DAMO process.

Hydrogen stable isotope probing of lipids demonstrates slow rates of microbial growth in soil

The rate at which microorganisms grow and reproduce is fundamental to our understanding of microbial physiology and ecology. While soil microbiologists routinely quantify soil microbial biomass levels and the growth rates of individual taxa in culture, there is a limited understanding of how quickly microbes actually grow in soil. For this work, we posed the simple question: what are the growth rates of soil microorganisms? In this study, we measure these rates in three distinct soil environments using hydrogen-stable isotope probing of lipids with 2H-enriched water. This technique provides a taxa-agnostic quantification of in situ microbial growth from the degree of 2H enrichment of intact polar lipid compounds ascribed to bacteria and fungi. We find that growth rates in soil are quite slow and correspond to average generation times of 14 to 45 d but are also highly variable at the compound-specific level (4 to 402 d), suggesting differential growth rates among community subsets. We observe that low-biomass microbial communities exhibit more rapid growth rates than high-biomass communities, highlighting that biomass quantity alone does not predict microbial productivity in soil. Furthermore, within a given soil, the rates at which specific lipids are being synthesized do not relate to their quantity, suggesting a general decoupling of microbial abundance and growth in soil microbiomes. More generally, we demonstrate the utility of lipid-stable isotope probing for measuring microbial growth rates in soil and highlight the importance of measuring growth rates to complement more standard analyses of soil microbial communities.

Physicochemical and microbiological analysis of goose meat

Temperature plays a crucial role in the storage of meat. Low temperature effectively slows down the growth rate of microorganisms and enzymatic activity that causes meat spoilage. Frozen storage of meat allows consumers to choose meat’s date of consumption during storage without losing its sensory quality. This work is committed to the effects of freezing and refrigeration on quality and safety of food. The study aims to determine whether different frozen storage temperatures and duration affect the quality of raw goose meat and its processing characteristics after thawing. This information could be a valuable contribution to the scientific literature concerning storage of meat. The focus was on goose meat and sausages. The meat was frozen in three independent runs for 3 and 6 months at -20°C and -70°C. The thawed meat was subjected to physicochemical and microbiological analyses and then turned into raw sausages. Frozen meat sausages showed significantly higher thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values after 2 and 4 weeks of the experiment, compared to the control group. Frozen storage also reduced the growth of Pseudomonas spp. and Enterobacteriaceae for all storage temperatures. Findings of the present study could be used to preserve quality and taste of products during meat processing.

Computational aspects of two important biochemical networks with respect to some novel molecular descriptors

Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) represents quantitative correlation of biological structural features (called as topological indices) and pharmacological activity as response endpoints. Topological index is a molecular descriptor extensively used to study QSAR of pharmaceutical to assess their molecular characteristics by numerical computation. Meanwhile, the topological indices are numerical functions which are used to predict the growth rate of microorganisms in biological networks. Theoretical assessment of microorganism, such as bacteria and viruses help to expedite the vaccine design and discovery process by rationalizing the lead identification, lead optimization and understanding their mechanism of actions. Hypertree, a network structure derived from graph theory, has a great importance in biological networks for growth of microorganisms, such as bacteria and viruses. In this article, some novel eccentric and degree based topological features of two important biological networks (hypertree and its corona product) are obtained on h-level and derived closed formulas for them. Based on the obtained topological features, the biological properties of these networks are investigated. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Antimicrobial activity of antidepressants on normal gut microbiota: Results of the in vitro study.

Currently, there is little published data on the effects of antidepressants on normal gut microbiota and the consequences of such effects on treatment outcomes. The aim of the study: was to evaluate the growth kinetics of normal human gut microorganisms with antidepressants most common in routine clinical practice. Materials and methods: Research objects were species of microorganisms representing normal gut microbiota: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Candida albicans ATCC 24433, Bifidobacterium 791, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 53103. All microorganisms were cultivated in Schaedler broth (HiMedia) under aerobic/anaerobic conditions. The active substances of all studied antidepressants (fluvoxamine, fluoxetine, escitalopram, duloxetine, venlafaxine, mirtazapine) were extracted from ground preparations by dimethyl sulfoxide and centrifuged. Each solution of antidepressants was added to a Schaedler broth containing a certain microorganism's strain and diluted to final concentrations-200 μg/ml, 500 μg/ml, and 700 μg/ml. For a quantitative assessment of the effect, the specific growth rates (μ, h-1) of microorganisms were calculated as the slope of the initial part of the growth curve in coordinates (lnA, t). To evaluate the antidepressant effects on representatives of the normal microbiota in vitro, the following parameters were chosen: specific growth rate and IC50. Results: All antidepressants had an inhibitory effect on the growth of all studied microorganisms. Fluvoxamine and venlafaxine had the least effect on the growth activity of all studied microorganisms. Fluoxetine showed a pronounced effect on growth activity against E. coli, E. feacalis, S. aureus, and the least effect against C. albicans. Escitalopram had a greater effect on the growth rate of E. coli, E. feacalis, B. bifidum, L. rhamnosus, and C. albicans, which puts it among the leaders in terms of its effect on the growth activity of the microorganisms we studied. Mirtazapine, according to the results of our experiment, showed the greatest activity against L. rhamnosus and C. albicans. Conclusions: Our results confirm the effects of antidepressants on the growth activity of the normal gut microbiota individual strains. Further study of the antimicrobial activity of antidepressants may become one of the new directions for optimizing the personalized therapy of patients with depression.

The Effect of pH on Contamination Reduction and Metabolite Contents in Mass Cultures of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis Gomont)

The microalgae Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis Gomont) is already cultured commercially using open ponds. The obstacle to mass cultivation of Spirulina is maintaining the monoculture without any contamination that can affect biomass products and their metabolites. The tolerance of Spirulina to environmental changes, such as changes in pH conditions, can be used as a method to overcome contamination in Spirulina mass cultivation. The growth contaminant can be avoided or controlled by giving mechanical stress by modifying the pH to alkaline levels. The efficient use of cost-effective materials in mass cultivation prevents contamination and maintains Spirulina's productivity. This study investigated the optimal pH parameters of 7–11 for 10 days. Cell density and dry biomass were measured daily using a hemocytometer and filter paper Whatman. The growth rate of contaminant microorganisms was carried out every five days along ten days of cultivation using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method. Using pH 9 effectively increased the cell density significantly (9.12±1.02%) and dry biomass (17.31±4.19 g.mL−1), reducing the contaminants in Spirulina mass cultures. The metabolite content was measured, including total protein using the Kjeldahl method, total lipid using the Soxhlet method, and pigmentations (such as chlorophyll, carotene, and phycocyanin) using spectrophotometry. The pH scale 8–10 can increase protein, lipid, and pigmentations. However, the pH 11 decreased almost entirely as a result of the metabolite contents of Spirulina.

WHAT IS THE MAXIMAL POSSIBLE SOIL METHANE UPTAKE?

WHAT IS THE MAXIMAL POSSIBLE SOIL METHANE UPTAKE?

Biotechnological Production of Sustainable Microbial Proteins from Agro-Industrial Residues and By-Products.

Microbial proteins, i.e., single-cell proteins or microbial biomass, can be cultivated for food and animal feed due to their high protein content and the fact that they represent a rich source of carbohydrates, minerals, fats, vitamins, and amino acids. Another advantage of single-cell proteins is their rapid production due to the growth rate of microorganisms and the possibility of using agro-industrial waste, residues and by-products for production through this renewable technology. Agro-industrial residues and by-products represent materials obtained from various processes in agriculture and agriculture-related industries; taking into account their composition and characteristics, as well as vast amounts, they have an enormous potential to generate sustainable bioproducts, such as microbial proteins. This review aims to summarize contemporary scientific research related to the production of microbial proteins on various agro-industrial residues and by-products, as well as to emphasize the current state of production of single-cell proteins and the importance of their production to ease the food crisis and support sustainable development.