Growth Of Goldfish Research Articles

EFFECT OF FREQUENCY OF FEEDING HI-PRO-VITE 781N-1 ON THE GROWTH OF GOLDEN FISH (Cyprinus carpio) IN THE GOLDEN FISH BREEDING CENTER OF TOMONAMO IN LETEFOHO VILLAGE SUB DISTRICT SAME, MUNCIPLAITY OF MAUNUFAHI, TIMOR-LESTE

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the frequency of artificial feeding Hi-Pro-Vite 781N-1 on the effective growth of goldfish (Cyprinus carpio) in Timor Leste, Timor. The study used a complete randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 3 replications, in which the conditions of the test unit are carried out according to randomization for all test units. The results of the research conducted for eight weeks (56 days) regarding the frequency for artificial feeding hi-pro-vite 780N-1 were: water temperature, water oxygen, sin water, and total dissolved solids (TDS) of 42.4 ppm, and the results of water quality measurements once a week in the morning (08.00 WIB), on average (20.00 htl) and in the afternoon (05.00) for 8 weeks (58 days). The results obtained during the research week (65 days) fresh at water temperature with a value of 20.2 oC with water oxygen 2.89 pmm, water content 8.3 pmm and TDS 42.4 pmm are indeed a good tolerance for the growth of carp fry (Cyprinus caprio). The behavioral impact of feeding frequency on carp growth and health is explored to refine feeding practices that promote well-being alongside growth. The findings could benefit feed manufacturers and aquaculture stakeholders by informing product development and feeding strategies tailored to maximize growth in carp, contributing to sustainable aquaculture practices. This study offers practical guidance for optimizing feeding practices to enhance growth efficiency, which is crucial for improving fish yield and farm productivity.

Buspirone administration: Influence on growth, spawning, immune response, and stress in female goldfish (Carassius auratus)

The current study evaluated the impact of buspirone supplementation on the growth, physiology, stress response, spawning, and immunity in female goldfish (Carassius auratus). For this purpose, buspirone was dissolved in absolute methanol and sprayed onto the feed to create four experimental groups: B0 (control), B25 (25 mg kg−1), B50 (50 mg kg−1), and B100 (100 mg kg−1). Fish were fed their respective diets for 56 days and subjected to stress using the air exposure method at the end of the experiment. Growth performance analysis revealed that fish in the B100 group exhibited significantly higher final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, and average daily gain than the other groups (P < 0.05). Plasma stress response indicated that cortisol levels were significantly lower in the B100 group after stress exposure, accompanied by a simultaneous decrease in glucose levels. The mucus stress response also showed lower cortisol and glucose levels in the B100 group compared to the other groups. Immunological analysis revealed significant increases in total protein, albumin, complement C3 and C4, and immunoglobulin M concentrations in both plasma and mucus of the B100 group (P < 0.05). Reproductive performance showed a notable enhancement in the number of eggs, fertilization rate, hatching rate, and survival rate in the B100 group compared to other groups (P < 0.05). Buspirone at higher concentrations, positively impacted various physiological aspects of goldfish, including growth, stress, immune activity, and reproductive performance. The significant improvements observed in growth parameters, cortisol levels, immunological markers, and reproductive outcomes suggest the potential of buspirone supplementation as a beneficial strategy in aquaculture practices.

Effect of Lantana camara L. (Big sage) on growth and survival in goldfish, Carassius auratus

Effect of Lantana camara L. (Big sage) on growth and survival in goldfish, Carassius auratus

Sistem Monitoring Kualitas Air dan Pakan Otomatis Pada Akuarium Ikan Mas Koki Terintegrasi IoT

Water is a living medium for goldfish, which greatly influences their lives. Water quality as a living medium for fish greatly influences the growth and development of goldfish; therefore, water quality must meet the needs of goldfish. Several water quality parameters that greatly influence fish life are temperature, degree of acidity (pH), and solid substances dissolved in water (TDS). The aim of this research is to design a monitoring system capable of measuring temperature, degree of acidity (pH), and solid substances dissolved in water based on the Internet of Things. This tool is used for an Internet of Things-based water quality monitoring system in goldfish aquariums, where the results obtained will be sent via smartphone to the Blynk application. And it can also provide food automatically and provide notifications if the water becomes cloudy. This tool is designed using an Arduino Uno, a Wemos D1 R2 controller, and sensors used to measure each parameter, namely the DS18B20 sensor, pH sensor, and TDS sensor. Then the feeder uses a servo to open the feed and an RTC as a timer. The results of this research conclude that the calibration results for the DS18B20 sensor have an average accuracy rate of 99% with a sensor error percentage of 1%, the pH sensor has an accuracy rate of 98.7% with an error percentage of 1.3%, and the TDS sensor has an accuracy rate of 94.59% with an error percentage of 5.41%.

Growth performance, hematological profile, and related genes expression in goldfish (Carassius auratus) fed on rosmarinic acid-enriched diets and subjected to ambient ammonia

Recently, supplementing fish diets with polyphenols has attracted more attention because of their great nutritional role. The unionized ammonia is one of the critical water parameters that adversely affects the fish performance and welfare status. Hence, the present perspective outlines the potential value of dietary rosmarinic acid (RA) in boosting growth, hematological, and immune biomarkers, besides related-genes expressions post-exposure of goldfish (Carassius auratus) to ambient ammonia. Fish (n = 240) were separated into four groups; RA0 (the control), RA400, RA600, and RA800 received 0, 400, 600, and 800 mg RA/kg feed, respectively. After 56 days, counts of white and red blood cells and growth indices (weight gain, specific growth rate, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio) were evaluated. After that, the fish per each treatment were exposed to 0.5 mg/L of unionized ammonia for three hours. After the challenging time, many biomarkers were measured including immune response (ACH50, total immunoglobulin, and lysozymes activity), digestion (proteases activity), and genes expression involving MUC, HSP27, HSP30, HSP47, TNFa, Lp1, and Fas genes plus the anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL6, IL8, and IL10). The findings of the current research revealed that dietary RA intervention fostered growth performance, improved blood picture (p < 0.05), and enhanced (p < 0.05) the expression of genes, which are responsible for modulating immunity and anti-inflammatory status in a dose-dependent manner. The present study concluded that dietary RA is a successful natural feed supplement for goldfish with an optimal level of 600 mg RA/kg feed. However, it verifies antitoxic and anti-inflammatory properties against ambient ammonia toxicity. It also has a promising influence on the growth, hematological, and immunity and anti-inflammatory related genes expression of goldfish, C. auratus.

Pengaruh Penambahan Ekstrak Buah Pepaya Muda Terhadap Tingkat Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio)

This research aims of determine the effect of adding papaya extract which countains the papain enzyme on the growth and survival of goldfish (Cyprinus carpio). It is conducted for 35 days at the Andalas Fish Seed Center (BBI), Kota Tengah, Gorontalo Province. The research method applies a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. It is done by adding a dose of papaya extract containing the papain enzyme as P1 (Control), P2 (0,25g), P3 (0,50gr), P4 (0,75 gr). Moreover, the parameter observed include weight and length growth as well as survival. The result show that the addition of papaya extract to feed can increase the growth rate of the goldfish see weight with the best value of 0,48% in the P3 treatment and 0,65% in length growth. Meanwhile, the lowest value is shown in the P1 treatment of 0,25% for weight and 0,46% for length. Futhermore, the highest survival is achieved in the P4 treatment at 81,67% and the lowest in the P1 treatment at 33,33%. The addition of papaya extrac to the feed does not affect the growth in its length and weight but does affect the survival. On the other hand, the water quality during the research ranges from 27-27,2oC, with pH 8,0-8,1 and DO 5,8-6,2 Mg/L.

Effects of thermal stress responses in goldfish (Carassius auratus): growth performance, total carotenoids and coloration, hematology, liver histology, and critical thermal maximum.

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of thermal stress on growth, feed utilization, coloration, hematology, liver histology, and critical thermal maximum (CTmax) in goldfish (Carassius auratus) cultured at three different acclimation temperatures including 27°C, 30°C, and 34°C for 10weeks. Goldfish were assigned randomly to tanks with a quadruplicate setup, accommodating 20 fish per tank. The result showed that fish acclimated to different temperatures did not significantly differ in weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR). However, increasing temperature significantly decreased feed efficiency ratio (FER), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and protein productive value (PPV), but significantlyincreased feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P < 0.05). The coloration parameters significantly decreased by high temperature in the trunk region withincreasing temperature (L* and a* at week 5; L*, a*, and b* at week 10; P < 0.05). Total carotenoid contents in serum, fin, muscle, and skin also significantly decreased with increasing temperature (P < 0.05). Total protein, albumin, and globulin levels exhibited a notable decrease, while the albumin: globulin ratio showed a slight insignificant increase, with increasing temperature. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total cholesterol, and triglycerides significantly increased with increasing temperature (P < 0.05). While, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) decreased linearly (P < 0.05). Glucose and cortisol levels linearly increased with increasing temperature, the highest levels being observed in the 34°C group. Liver histology showed swollen hepatocytes, nuclei displacement, and infiltration of inflammation in fish cultured at 34°C. Goldfish acclimated to 34°C displayed a higher CTmax of 43.83°C compared to other groups. The present study showed that temperature should be kept below 34°C for goldfish culture to prevent high FCR, fading coloration, and liver damages.

Pengaruh Pemberian Pakan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Perkembangan Ikan Mas (Cypriynus carpio)

Goldfish (Cyprinus carpio) is a type of food fish which is a freshwater fishery commodity that has good prospects. Goldfish (Cyprinus carpio) are animals that live in temperate climates and live in freshwater ponds. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of providing these 3 feeds and to determine the development and growth of goldfish after being treated with these three feeds. The method used in this research is an experimental method by providing treatment with the three feeds. Based on the research results, it was found that the growth and development of goldfish can be influenced by several things, including: age, size, density and space for movement. Each type of fish food has a certain daily growth rate value which depends on water quality.

Color Brightness and Growth Levels of Goldfish (Carassius auratus) Reared with Different Light Spectrums

Carassius auratus is one of the potential ornamental freshwater fish in Indonesia. The potential of this fish increases along with the dominance of the colors produced during cultivation. We have demonstrated to treat differences in the light spectrum to increase the brightness of the colors. Completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replications as the design i.e., (P1) negative control with no LED, (P2) positive control using white LED light and a room light intensity, (P3) red LED, (P4) green LED, and (P5) blue LED. We reported that the red LED was the light spectrum that produced the best treatment to increase the color brightness and growth of goldfish. The brightness level of the color in the P3 treatment was 63,04% as measured by Adobe Photoshop; using the M-TCF method, it was 8,94% body color, 9,37% dorsal fin, and 9,31% tail fin. Meanwhile, the best specific growth rate were found in P5 followed by P3 treatment in a row of 5,33 ± 0,66b, 3,46 ± 0,57ab, respectively. The red color spectrum produced the best pigmentation but the blue color spectrum was the best for the growth of C. auratus.

Analyze the toxicities of benzalkonium chloride as a COVID-19 disinfectant in physiological goldfish (Carassius auratus).

Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) impacts increasing the use of disinfectants (benzalkonium chloride), which indirectly accumulate in water. The disinfectant accumulation in waters has been studied, but there has been no study of its impact on aquatic commodities, especially fish with a high sensitivity, one of which is goldfish (Carassius auratus). Benzalkonium chloride can potentially affect several body proteins, including the cytoskeleton, nervous and endocrine systems, and fish physiology. This study aimed to determine the impact of benzalkonium chloride as a disinfectant on the level of color brightness, growth, gill histopathology, and mortality in goldfish. This investigation provides input into the impact of using disinfectants to prevent COVID-19 on aquatic commodities. This study utilized goldfish specimens sourced from Tulungagung, East Java, Indonesia. The experiment involved different concentration levels of benzalkonium chloride: (T1) 0 mg/L, (T2) 0.03 mg/L, (T3) 0.06 mg/L, (T4) 0.09 mg/L, and (T5) 0.12 mg/L. The research data were subjected to an analysis of variance for analysis. In cases where significant differences were observed, Duncan's test was conducted for color brightness, growth, and mortality data. Furthermore, if the gill histopathological data yielded significant differences, additional tests were applied (Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test). The findings of this study demonstrated significant differences (p < 0.05) in the level of color brightness, growth, gill histopathology, and mortality in goldfish in response to varying concentrations of benzalkonium chloride. The relationship between the length and weight of the goldfish was analyzed using regression coefficients (b values), which were determined as 4.86, -0.04, -0.2, 0.8, and -0.07, respectively. Notably, the brightness level in the T2 group exhibited positive color results with a hue value of 11.55°, while optimal growth was observed in the T4 group, as evidenced by b value of 0.8. The gill histopathological data showed significant differences (p < 0.05). The scoring of histopathological damage in the goldfish gills ranged from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating more severe damage. The highest total score of 10 was observed in the T5 group exposed to a concentration of 0.12 mg/L, resulting in an 85% mortality rate. This indicates that benzalkonium chloride, with its toxic compounds, can disrupt the respiratory system of fish and lead to death. The effects of benzalkonium chloride were evident even at a concentration of 0.03 mg/L. With increasing concentration, there was an increase in mortality rate, a decrease in growth, and a rise in histopathological damage to the gills. These findings highlight the negative impact of using conventional disinfectants on water and its organisms, emphasizing the need for further research on environmentally friendly alternatives.

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN PAKAN MAGGOT (Hermetia illucens) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP IKAN MAS (Cyprinus carpio)

This study aims to analyze the growth and survival of Goldfish given maggot treatment. The research was carried out in March – May 2022 for the maintenance of biota in private installations and the Proximate Test of Treated Feed was carried out at the Nutrition and Animal Feed Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University Mataram (UNRAM). The research method used a Complete Randomized Design (RAL) by being tested using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), using four treatments and three repeats, P1 (commercial feed 100%), P2 (wet maggot 100%), P3 (dry maggot 100%), P4 (wet maggot 50% and commercial feed 50%). The results showed that used maggot in all treatments parameters : Absolute weight, specific growth rate, absolute length, feed conversion ratio (FCR), feed utilization efficiency (EPP), survival rate (SR) had an insignificant (P&gt;0.05) influence on the tested research parameters. The conclusions show the use of Commercial feed 100%, wet maggot 100%, dry maggot 100%, and the combination of wet maggot 50% with commercial feed 50% showed the same results in all parameters of the study.

Tropical Aquaponic Production of Medicinal Plants in Association with Goldfish

Aquaponics is an emerging technology that synergistically combines aquaculture and hydroponic production through nutrient cycling and water recycling. As aquaponics grows exponentially, studies that evaluate the technique by testing different species in these systems make this choice fundamental to result in a high productivity and profitability. Ornamental fish, as well as medicinal plants, are interesting options for a more in-depth analysis of aquaponic systems. In this context, the objective was to analyze the performance of four plant species: boldu chilanum, Peumus boldus; peppermint, Mentha x piperita; Brazilian joyweed, Alternanthera brasiliana; and oregano, Origanum vulgare, as well as the growth of goldfish, Carassius auratus, and physicochemical aspects of water quality in identical aquaponic systems installed in a greenhouse during 91 days of cultivation. The experimental design consisted in four treatments and four replications, using in all treatments a density of 21 fish.310L and four seedlings, in cuttings, of each plant species studied. The vegetable cultivation systems were composed of expanded clay sediments in a 0.25m² planters, using a density of 16 plants.m², repeated, each treatment, in four aquaponic systems, totaling 16 aquaponic systems analyzed. The results showed that, for the parameters of weight and height, of the four plant species studied, only oregano did not develop as expected, while boldu chilanum, peppermint and Brazilian joyweed showed a representative increase in the analyzed parameters. The goldfish also showed representative increase for weight, total and standard length in all treatments. The water quality parameters analyzed did not showed differences between treatments and were within the range recommended by reference authors, as well as for the well-being of the goldfish. The systems have demonstrated efficiency in vegetative and animal growth, and can help to add value to products from aquaponics, corroborating the evolution of technology.

Dietary Effect of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters, Skin Mucosal Immune Response, and Antioxidant Capacity in Goldfish (Carassius auratus)

Abstract A trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) on goldfish, Carassius auratus. In this regard, GSPE was added to a basal diet at four levels including 0, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg to produce four experimental diets including control, GSPE200, GSPE400, and GSPE600. Three hundred and sixty goldfish (3.75 ± 0.1 g) were stocked in twelve 100 L rectangular tanks (30 fish per tank) and fed with the experimental diets three times a day for nine weeks. During the experimental trial, water temperature was 26.7–28.5°C. The weight gain and specific growth rate in the fish fed with GSPE supplemented diets were higher than the control, meanwhile feed conversion ratio value in these groups decreased compared to the control. Fish fed GSPE-supplemented diets had lower fillet lipid (10–19%), but higher protein levels (7–15%) compared to the control. The levels of serum triglyceride, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in the fish fed GSPE-supplemented diets were decreased compared to the control group. The highest and lowest levels of serum glucose, and ALP were in the fish fed with control and GSPE600 diets, respectively. The skin mucosal lysozyme activity (24–38%) and protein level (70–96%) were higher in fish fed GSPE-supplemented diets than the control. The highest, and lowest liver antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were observed in GSPE 600 and control groups, respectively. The findings of the present study indicated that supplementing 400 mg/kg GSPE in diet can improve growth and health condition in goldfish.

Effects of Dietary Cold-Pressed Seed Oils on Growth, Coloration and Blood Parameters in Goldfish

This research was conducted to examine the effects of dietary cold-pressed seed oils on growth, coloration and blood parameters in goldfish. A total of one-month-old 240 goldfish were used as the study material. The standard feed enriched with 5 different cold-pressed seed oils (fig, apricot, pomegranate, grape and plum) at a rate of 5% was given to the trial groups, while the control group was fed with the standard feed throughout the experiment. Groups were compared in terms of live weight, total length, specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion rate (FCR), glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride values. Results showed that dietary seed oils improved the growth performance, feed utilization, coloration and decreased the blood glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. Seed oil-fed groups gained more weight compared to the control group (P

The Effect of Giving Various Natural Sources of ß-Carotene to Increased Color Intensity on the Oranda Goldfish (Carassius auratus)

This research aims to examine the effect of adding various sources of natural ß-Carotene obtained from sweet potato flour, carrot flour and pumpkin flour to the color brightness of Goldfish. The research was carried out from December 2021 to February 2022 at the Aquatic Animal Physiology Laboratory Building 2, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Padjadjaran University. The experimental design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications. The treatments were negative control (A), positive control (B), 10% sweet potato flour (C), 10% carrot flour (D) and 10% pumpkin flour (E). Maintenance with treatment on the test fish was carried out for 60 days. Parameters observed included color brightness observed using Toca Color Finder (TCF), growth, life, and air quality (Temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen). The results showed that the addition of various sources of natural carotene in the feed had an effect on increasing the brightness of the color of the Oranda Goldfish (Carasius auratus). The highest value of increasing fish color brightness was found in treatment E with pumpkin flour as a natural source of ß-Carotene, namely 3.2 in the head, 3.3 in the body and 2.5 in the tail. Survival rate in this study is 100%. The water quality parameter values ​​are in good condition for the growth and survival rate of goldfish. Based on observations of water quality the results of temperature ranged from 24.2°C - 28°C, pH ranged from 6.88-7.62 and Dissolved Oxygen ranged from 5.8-8.0 mg/L.

Effect of dietary supplementation of copepod meal in goldfish Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758) on growth performance, fatty acid profile and colouration

This study assessed the use of copepod meal (Arctodiaptomus salinus) as a carotene source for colour enhancement in goldfish Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758). The effect of copepod meal on growth and fatty acid profile of goldfish was also evaluated. Copepod meal with 4,338 µg g-1 of total carotene and 1,655.78 µg g-1 of β-carotene per gram dry weight was added to the diet containing 0 (control), 50, 150 and 300 µg g-1 of β-carotene. Four diets with similar protein (35.17% CP) and energy (3745 kcal g-1) levels were prepared. The fish were fed with diets twice a day for 60 days. The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between body weight, total length, condition factor and survival rates of the groups fed on different diets. Body coloration measured in terms of L* a* b* values increased with the increase in level of copepod meal in the diet. In all experimental groups, copepod meal incorporated diets had a significant effect on the fish flesh fatty acid profile (p&lt;0.05), especially in terms of ecosopentaenoic acid (EPA) and docohehexoenoic acid (DHA) compared to those of the control group. However, a positive trend was observed in terms of all parameters in the group fed with the diet containing 300 µg g-1 of β- carotene.Keywords: β-carotene, Colour, Fatty acids, Live feeds, Ornamental fish, Survival rate

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN TEPUNG MAGOT (Hermetia illucens) PADA PAKAN KOMERSIAL TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN IKAN KOKI (Carassius auratus)

Goldfish (Carrasius auratus) is an ornamental fish with a high economic value and a stable market share. Food is one of the important factors to promote the growth of goldfish. Good food influences a faster growth of goldfish. Magot is an alternative natural food that can be used to increase the growth of goldfish. The addition of dry magot meal to the feed has a positive influence on the growth of goldfish. In this study, the addition of dry magot meal with a dose of K (100% artificial food), A (25% Magot meal: 75% artificial food), B (50% Magot meal: 50% artificial food), C (75% Magot meal: 25% Artificial feed), D (100% Magot flour). The best study results for growth parameters were in treatment C with a weight gain of 5.92 grams and SGR of 1.77%, while the highest survival rate was in treatment A at 95%, in treatment K, B and C at 93% while treatment D by 91%.

Metabolic Changes During Growth and Reproductive Phases in the Liver of Female Goldfish (Carassius auratus)

Hormones of the brain-pituitary-peripheral axis regulate metabolism, gonadal maturation, and growth in vertebrates. In fish, reproduction requires a significant energy investment to metabolically support the production of hundreds of eggs and billions of sperms in females and males, respectively. This study used an LC-MS-based metabolomics approach to investigate seasonally-related changes in metabolic profile and energy allocation patterns in female goldfish liver. We measured basal metabolic profile in female goldfish at three phases of the reproductive cycle, including 1) Maximum growth period in postovulatory regressed phase, 2) mid recrudescence in fish with developing follicles, and 3) late recrudescence when the ovary contains mature ovulatory follicles. We also investigated changes in the liver metabolism following acute treatments with GnRH and GnIH, known to be involved in controlling reproduction and growth in goldfish. Chemometrics combined with pathway-driven bioinformatics revealed significant changes in the basal and GnRH/GnIH-induced hepatic metabolic profile, indicating that metabolic energy allocation is regulated to support gonadal development and growth at different reproductive cycles. Overall, the findings support the hypothesis that hormonal control of reproduction involves accompanying metabolic changes to energetically support gonadotropic and somatotropic activities in goldfish and other oviparous vertebrates.

Growth and Survival of Goldfish (Carassius auratus) Juveniles Fed Tubifex, Custard Meal and Commercial Feeds

An experiment was conducted to investigate suitable feed for Carassius auratus juveniles. 30-day-old juveniles (3.31±0.14 cm and 0.84±0.3 g) were reared in glass aquaria (50×30×30 cm3) at stocking density of 10 juveniles/aquaria in triplicates. The juveniles were fed four different feeds, Tubifex, egg custard, commercial feed, and aquarium feed, twice daily until satiation. After 28 days of trial, fish fed custard and Tubifex had significantly higher survival rates (91% and 88%) than those fed aquarium feed (81%, P &lt; 0.05) and commercial fish feed (75%, P &lt; 0.05). The final length, weight, absolute growth rate and metabolic growth rate were significantly varied among the treatments (P &lt; 0.05). However, no significant differences were evident in weight gain and SGR (P &gt; 0.05). The fish fed custard and Tubifex were comparable in terms of growth performance (P &gt; 0.05) while a significantly lower growth rate was found in fish fed commercial feed (P &lt; 0.05). Fish fed Tubifex and custard had significantly higher protein content (15.28% and 14.86%, respectively) than those fed commercial fish feed (13.41%) and aquarium feed (12.21%). The overall findings suggest that the formulated egg custard can promote growth and survival in goldfish.

Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Rumput Laut Eucheuma spinosum pada Pakan Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio)

The purpose of this research is to analyze the additional flour eucheuma spinosum on feed to the growth and survival of goldfish. Research carried out for 40 days in the Laboratorium basah, Program Studi Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Pertanian, universitas mataram. The method used is the experimental random complete (RAL) which includes 4 treatments and 3 replacements, so the total of this experiment is 12 units. The treatment that research is the addition of different flour E. Spinosum in feed, consists of: P1: control (without additional flour E. Spinosum), P2: flour E. Spinosum 4 %, P3: flour E. Spinosum 8 %, P4: flour e. Spinosum 12 %. The results of this study indicate that the addition of flour E. spinosum feed has a significant effect on the growth of absolute, the specific growth rate and efficiency of feed, but does not affect conversion of feed and survival rate (SR). The addition of flour E. spinosum feed up to a dose of 4% can give an increase in absolute weight 4.79 g, absolute length 2.38 cm, specific growth rate (SGR) 2.62%, efficiency of feed 66.54% and feed conversion ratio (FCR) 1.47.Keywords: Eucheuma spinosum, Feed, Fish carp