Growth In Australia Research Articles

Disaster Resilience, Social Resilience, Organizational Resilience, and Business Resilience Impact Towards the Growth of MNCS in Australia

Purpose: This research explores the impact of disaster resilience, social resilience, organizational resilience, and business resilience on the growth of multinational corporations (MNCs) in Australia. The research aims to investigate the influence of these resilience variables on MNC growth in Australia. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework is developed based on the concepts of disaster resilience, social resilience, business resilience, organizational resilience, and MNC growth. Design/methodology/approach: A questionnaire was used as the research instrument to collect data, and the Structural Equation Model (SEM) was employed to determine the relationship between resilience variables and MNC growth in Australia. Findings: The findings indicate that disaster resilience, social resilience, organizational resilience, and business resilience significantly influence the growth of MNCs in Australia. However, the impact of the epidemic was found to be the primary influencing factor, while disaster resilience and organizational resilience did not have a direct influence on MNC growth in Australia. Research, Practical & Social implications: The study highlights the originality and value of MNCs contributing to resilience variables by implementing risk reduction measures, supporting community preparedness and response, and investing in sustainable and resilient infrastructure. Originality/value: These findings provide insights for MNCs operating in Australia to enhance their resilience strategies and facilitate sustainable growth in the face of various challenges.

Patents, foreign direct investment and economic growth in Australia, 1860–2010

AbstractWe examine the long run relationship between innovation and economic development in Australia, using 150 years of data on patenting activity, and aggregate and sectoral economic indicators. Our initial results point to several important causal relationships, particularly the effects of patents on real GDP and of private capital formation on patents. We delve deeper at the sector level and find important causal relationships of patents with real foreign direct investment (FDI) since World War II. Australia's dependence on FDI for private capital formation served as an important stimulus for knowledge creation in key sectors including manufacturing, agriculture and mining.

Shaping planetary health inequities: the political economy of the Australian growth model

ABSTRACT Planetary health equity – the equitable enjoyment of good health and wellbeing in a sustainable ecosystem – is under threat from anthropogenic climate change and economic and social inequities. Driving these major challenges is the global consumptogenic system that encourages excessive production and consumption goods and services that are harming human and planetary health. Growth models lie at the core of the consumptogenic system. This paper examines the sources of economic growth in Australia, the coalitions that sustain this approach politically, and the implications of these dynamics for planetary health equity. Australia’s consumption-led growth model is underpinned by a combination of rising house prices and a permissive credit regime. This growth model is supported by a dominant growth coalition of producer interests, elements of organised labour, and property owners. The growth coalition has been able to successfully generate growth model policy convergence between the mainstream political parties. In turn this growth model, and associated growth coalition, has undermined the pursuit of planetary health equity in Australia by incentivising and driving excessive consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and economic inequality.

Private Equity Investment in Private For-Profit Healthcare in Australia and New Zealand: A scoping review

Objectives: Private Equity (PE) involvement in healthcare has been evident in the United States (US) for some time, with questionable benefits reported. There are significant differences in funding, health insurance and regulation in the US, when compared to Australia and New Zealand (NZ), so it is not clear whether existing US research can be generalised to these settings. This study aims to examine published information regarding PE involvement in the private-for-profit (PFP) healthcare sector in Australia and NZ, including evidence of PE shareholdings and its impacts. Design: This scoping review considers academic and grey literature, including academic research and commentary papers, media reports, corporate reports, PFP healthcare websites and government submissions. Main Outcome & Results: Thirty three relevant sources were identified, but no specific information on the impacts of PE investment were discovered. The academic papers highlight an ongoing debate (but limited research evidence) about PFP healthcare, including the quality of clinical care, practice consolidation and a downward trend on clinician ownership. The grey literature offered more information on PE investment and growth of the PFP sector, but limited detail about shareholdings. Conclusion: With little research on PE investment in Australia and NZ, it is difficult to know if continued PE growth will have a positive or negative affect on operational performance and outcomes, such as clinician engagement and clinical care. The authors conclude that there is a shifting landscape of PFP healthcare in Australia and NZ, to less clinician and greater PE ownership. Given the reports of negative impacts of PE involvement in the US, these trends pose significant immediate and long-term implications. This paper sets the agenda for further research to explore the organisational and system-level impacts of PE growth in Australia and NZ.

Investment Activity un the Conditions of Global World Crisis, Features, and Prospects

In the context of global competition and technological progress, an increasing number of factors influence the economies of the world. With the outbreak of the war in Ukraine, there have been dramatic changes in global investment trends. The war has repercussions far beyond its immediate surroundings, causing a cost-of-living crisis that affects billions of people around the world while rising energy and food prices depress real incomes and exacerbate debt tensions. Investor uncertainty and risk aversion could put significant pressure on FDI flow this year. The impact on investment flows to developing countries in 2022 and beyond is difficult to predict. The research aims to establish the regularity of the state of investment activity in the context of the global world crisis and to determine the features and prospects of investment activity development. This can be done by conducting a regression analysis to reflect the dependence of the impact of factors on the level of investment activity in 25 economies of the world according to the Global Outsourcing Attractiveness Index between the results of legal adaptability and corporate performance. To check the level of investment activity it is necessary to analyze the state of FDI flows by regions, economies, and countries. Research methods: method of information synthesis; regression analysis; systematization, generalization, comparative analysis. Results. It has been established that as a result of regression analysis, the value of the coefficient of determination indicates that the regression model explains 78% of the dependence of the level of investment activity in 25 economies of the world between the results of legal adaptability and corporate activity. This indicates that there are still a small number of other factors influencing the level of investment activity that is not included in the regression model. It has been determined that global FDI flows recovered to USD 972 billion in the first half of 2022. However, most of the increase was in the first quarter, while global FDI flows decreased by 22% in the second quarter of 2022 compared to the previous quarter. This was caused by rising inflation and interest rates, and rising energy prices, due to Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The study found that FDI flows recovered significantly in all regions of the world. It was found that FDI increased sharply in some European countries after the negative inflows recorded in the second half of 2022, the latter was also driven by significant growth in Australia, Germany, Mexico, Spain, and Sweden, whose FDI inflows increased by more than USD 15 billion. It has been revealed that the United States was the leading recipient and investor of FDI worldwide in 2021.

Diversification in the tourism sector and economic growth in Australia: a disaggregated analysis

AbstractIn most countries inclusive of Australia, tourism policies do not only deal with how to diversify tourism markets but also how to diversify tourism activities. Efforts are often made to increase the inflows of tourists from different source markets and to improve arrivals for various tourism activities. However, the existing literature on the economic impact of the diversification of the sector has not dealt with the economic impact of diversification of tourism markets. This study aims to examine the economic impact of diversification of both tourism markets and tourism activities. Using a newly developed tourism diversification index, the focus of the study is on Australia for the period, 1976–2020. Utilizing a dynamic autoregressive lag simulation approach, the results suggest that diversification of tourism markets and activities generated positive economic growth in Australia in line with the notion of tourism‐led growth hypothesis. Empirical results outline that a 1% increase in diversification of tourism markets and activities generated increases in the gross domestic product by 0.010% and 0.070%, respectively. One of the implications of the results is that policies to diversify tourism markets and activities will be beneficial to the economy in Australia.

THE PROBLEM OF MATERNAL MORTALITY AND POPULATION GROWTH IN AUSTRALIA, 1880 – 1939: SOME IDEOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS

Community Health StudiesVolume 4, Issue 2 p. 104-110 Free to Read THE PROBLEM OF MATERNAL MORTALITY AND POPULATION GROWTH IN AUSTRALIA, 1880 – 1939: SOME IDEOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS Milton Lewis, Milton Lewis Canberra Marriage Counselling Service, 115 London Circuit, Canberra City, ACT 2601.Search for more papers by this author Milton Lewis, Milton Lewis Canberra Marriage Counselling Service, 115 London Circuit, Canberra City, ACT 2601.Search for more papers by this author First published: June 1980 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.1980.tb00283.xCitations: 2AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume4, Issue2June 1980Pages 104-110 RelatedInformation

The Eastern Australian Floods of February 2022 and Its Relationship with Climate Change

During February 2022 major riverine flooding occurred in an area which has the fastest population growth in Australia. This extended from the Mary River in Southeast Queensland (SEQ) to the Clarence River in Northeast NSW (NENSW). Two centres within this area were devastated by floods unprecedented in living memory. One was the Brisbane Metropolitan area where all-time record daily rainfall in the suburbs flooded creeks. This creek flooding was much worse than that caused by the Brisbane River itself where Wivenhoe Dam played a role in preventing more disastrous flooding. The other was in the Northern New South Wales city of Lismore where rainfall in the Wilsons River catchment exceeded all known rainfall rates there. The structure of the weather system generating the rainfall responsible for these two floods is studied along with the climatology of such events. One event which occurred during 1954 stands out and is examined in detail. A climate shift in 1976 resulted in two decades of relatively benign weather in the region and tourism flourished there due to mild summers and warm winters. The area experienced a huge growth in population with fading memories of past disastrous weather events and huge residential development occurred in flood plain areas. During the twenty-first century these extreme events have returned although so far not as frequent as earlier decades but still result in some residents experiencing multiple flooding events. The 1954 event occurred during an extended period of devastating flood events not experienced in recent decades. With the huge increase in population in this area since the 1970s such a series of events like those in the 1950s would stretch the resources of disaster managers given the problems, they faced in 2022.

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Australian states and territories: Determinants and policy implications

In order to implement effective climate mitigation policies, it is imperative to understand the determinants of GHG emissions. Our research indicates, no state and territory level analysis of Australia, for the determinants of GHG emissions has yet been carried out. This paper identifies the main determinants that affect GHG emissions growth in Australia and assesses their impact in the main Australian states and territories. It performs a rigorous statistical analysis and contrasts the significance of determinants using Feasible Generalised Least Squares (FGLS) Regression and the Linear Panel Data Model with Random effects for the period 1990–2018 for seven states and territories of Australia. We find a mix of GHG determinants in being significant for different states and territories while some show none of the determinants as being significant. Environmental policy analysis is later carried out and then compared with the empirical findings of this study. It is found that it is only in the latter half of the period under observation that some states and territories have instituted encouraging climate change policies while the rest lag behind. Heterogeneous climate mitigation policies, at state and territory level, will have to be implemented to decouple the significance of GHG emissions from its determinants. Also, the ready and comprehensive availability of data for unique variables, such as Savanna burning, will give clearer direction to heterogeneous and customized climate change policy solutions. Lastly, climate mitigation success in TAS (Tasmania), could serve as a leading case study to institute similar renewable energy measures in other states and territories.

СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ АВСТРАЛИИ В 2023 Г. И ПРОГНОЗЫ НА БУДУЩЕЕ

The restoration of Australian economy after the pandemic was very quickly. Socio- economic system of the country turned out very stable. In 2023 annual growth rates of Australian economy was 2,1%. The level of unemployment was low. But, negative factor for further development is high level of inflation. According to forecasts, in the very near future the economic activity growth in Australia will be enough reserved. In 2024 annual growth rates of economy in Australia will be 1,4%. However, from the 2025, annual growth rates will be more quickly. The government of the country counts that the productivity of the economy growth is the key for the incomes rising. Also, the important goal of the government is the improvement in the standard of living. Like this, despite the objective difficulties, further prospects of Australian socio- economic development are positive.

Defining the problem of low wage growth in Australia and Denmark: From the actors’ perspectives

Low wage growth is a challenge common to many OECD countries including countries with very different institutional systems. This paper utilises and extends Rochefort and Cobb’s (1993) ‘problem definition’ framework to analyse how employer and union representatives in Australia and Denmark explain the causes of low wage growth. Drawing on elite interviews, which allow us to assess the nuance of actors’ perceptions, we find disagreement among Australian actors about the role of the collective bargaining system in contributing to low wage growth. Despite disagreement over the extent of the low wage growth problem in Denmark, both unions and employers expressed confidence in the ability of the bargaining system to resolve it. We argue that the greater degree of consensus in Denmark compared with Australia reflects differences in national institutional systems and knowledge regimes, which have influenced the ways actors in these countries perceive low wage growth.

An Australian Approach to Space Warfare

ABSTRACT Australia is currently experiencing a reinvigorated space program with a new space agency, significant industry investment in space ventures, and the Australian Defence Force embracing the military advantage conferred by space systems. Coincidentally, geostrategic instability has led Australia’s government to raise its military preparedness in the face of increased risk of state-on-state conflict. Accordingly, military planners are considering not only what future space capabilities are needed by Australia, but the prospect of space warfare and what the state should do to protect its equities in the space domain. We conclude that developing a stronger normative framework is the best option for the preservation and growth of Australia’s future space capabilities.

Does tourism contribute towards zero-carbon in Australia? Evidence from ARDL modelling approach

Climate change is an increasingly serious problem, resulting in significant environmental degradation, and various policies and regulations have been adopted to achieve zero-carbon with the goal of ameliorating this issue. To end this, along with economic growth, governments should consider human activities such as tourism and energy consumption, which are responsible for raising CO2 emissions, a proxy for environmental degradation, in the atmosphere. Tourism may contribute to climate change through various adverse activities such as transportation and hotel stays. Thus, this study investigates the long-run cointegrating relationship between tourism and environmental degradation, focusing on some other specific factors. Using data from 1976 to 2019, the autoregressive distributed lag bounds test approach is applied to obtain both long-run and short-run coefficients. The estimated results indicate that tourism obstructs the achievement of zero-carbon in Australia. Along with tourist arrivals, energy consumption and gross domestic product are also significant contributors which have a positive and statistically significant long-run relationship with carbon emissions. This study provides policy implications for zero-carbon and sustainable tourism growth in Australia.

Renewable Energy Householders in the Sunshine State

Rooftop solar PV installations have experienced rapid and unprecedented growth in Australia. However, one issue that contributes to inefficiencies in the electricity market is the ‘solar rebound effect’ which refers to the reduction in expected gains from eco-efficient technologies due to an increase in the use of the resource. However, little literature exists that incorporates consumers’ cognitions into studies of the solar rebound effect in Australia. This study aims to bridge a research gap by examining consumer perceptions of the solar rebound effect after installing rooftop solar, along with the psychological factors that might play a role in mitigating the solar rebound effects. A quantitative methodology was adopted, and a pilot survey was administered to residents (n=68) in a regional city. Frequency distributions and non-parametric tests were undertaken. The results indicate significant differences between those who report a solar rebound effect and those who do not, relating to factors such as thermal comfort, bill consciousness and an environmental self-identity. Implications for future research and practice are outlined in the paper.

Long-Term Settlement Scenarios for Australia: A Survey and Evaluation of Community Opinions

ABSTRACT The projected long-term growth of Australia’s population to over 50 million people raises significant implications for infrastructure planning and liveability. Concomitantly, support for population growth through immigration is, according to some measures, waning. This paper presents findings from a national survey, Plan My Australia, measuring support for alternative national settlement patterns for accommodating population growth. The responses favourthree possible settlement patterns – satellite cities orbiting the state capital cities, regional cities on rail links connecting the capital cities, and cities in inland regions. Policymakers should consider the findings in the context of a re-emerging national urban policy.

Analysis of the drivers of CO2 emissions and ecological footprint growth in Australia.

This paper investigates the determinants of environmental degradation in Australia from 1990 to 2017, using ecological footprint analysis and the well-established logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) decomposition method. Additionally, decoupling factor analysis was performed to examine the link between environment related variables (CO2 emissions and ecological footprint) and their determinants such as real income and population. The decomposition analysis considered the impact of five different factors on CO2 emissions: income effect, population, energy intensity, energy structure, and carbon intensity. For decoupling factor analysis, the link between ecological footprint and its two determinants, real income and population, was examined. Furthermore, the possible decoupling between CO2 emissions and these determinants was also analyzed, because CO2 emissions are the main cause of the country’s increasing ecological footprint. The present study has a more comprehensive approach because it analyzes the factors affecting environmental degradation in Australia by assigning two proxies (CO2 emissions and ecological footprint) as dependent variables. The results confirmed that Australia’s ecological reserve substantially declined over the past three decades due to deforestation and energy industries. The LMDI results demonstrated that income effect, population, and carbon intensity were the main factors that raised Australia’s CO2 emissions, whereas the energy intensity factor substantially curbed them. The reducing impact of energy structure on CO2 emissions was minimal; thus, Australia was not able to prevent an upward trend in CO2 emissions. Lastly, an analysis of Australia’s CO2 emissions according to economic activities was conducted for the period between 1990 and 2017 in order to understand other factors that may have affected environmental sustainability.

Telehealth quality check: Is it time for national standards?

Telehealth has seen rapid but unregulated growth in Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic, facilitated by the interim establishment of a universal Medicare Benefits Schedule item for telehealth consultations. Consumers and healthcare providers, including many general practitioners, have turned to telehealth with enthusiasm. The aim of this article is to present evidence and analysis supporting the adoption of national telehealth standards in Australia. Despite efforts by professional organisations to develop telehealth standards, Australia lacks a national telehealth strategy and a unified set of shared standards for clinical governance and quality assurance that can be applied across the health system. To ensure consumer safety and support healthcare providers in telehealth, a national regulatory framework and telehealth standards should be established on the basis of the latest evidence on safety and quality in all forms of telehealth.

The impact of persistent innovation on Australian firm growth

This paper assesses the contribution of innovation persistence to surviving Australian firm growth performance over the period 2007–08 to 2013–14 with the added advantages that new firms, micro-sized firms and all industry sectors are included in our analysis. Over this period, firms with high sales and/or employment growth accounted for the majority of aggregate economic and employment growth in Australia, which is consistent with similar studies in other countries. Using a randomized, stratified sample from a firm population-level database that links administrative, tax and survey data, we created a matched, balanced sample of surviving firms to show that short-term persistent innovators (particularly young SMEs) significantly outgrow their less persistent and non-innovator counterparts in terms of sales, value added, employment and profit growth. Persistent innovators are more likely to be high-growth firms and more likely to introduce multiple types of innovation that are more novel. Our findings suggest that broad-based innovation policies may support successive waves of high-growth firms that help to sustain economic and employment growth in Australia.

Between Growth and National Security in Host Countries: FDI Regulation and Chinese Outward Investments in Australia’s Critical Infrastructure

To achieve sustainable growth, China facilitates outward foreign direct investments (FDI) in natural resources and technology through large supportive policies and massive financing, particularly through the expansion of its state-owned companies into foreign markets. This trend has accelerated economic growth in Australia but has also raised national security concerns regarding foreign investments. This paper discusses the problem of balancing foreign investment and national security and aims to stimulate discussion on the extent of regulations necessary for FDI in critical infrastructure. This paper will be interesting for host-country policymakers balancing inward FDI and national security concerns through appropriate screening mechanisms.

Making Investment Decisions on RFID Technology: An Evaluation of Key Adoption Factors in Construction Firms

The importance of RFID technology is increasing as a means of enhancing productivity and efficiency, and reducing costs. The purpose of this research paper is to study the influence of technological, organizational, environmental, and innovation factors on the adoption of RFID technology by construction companies in Australia. With the growth of Australia's economy, in particular, the construction sector, the logistics departments in construction companies should pay attention to the adoption of more efficient technologies to provide better services for their customers. This paper provides a consolidated framework of RFID technology adoption based on studies on RFID technology adoption in particular from an IS perspective. The paper combines an integrated model of the Technology-Organization-Environment framework, the Diffusion of Innovation theory, and Actor-Network Theory to establish a more comprehensive innovation adoption framework for RFID technology. The data gathered to study the factors affecting the adoption of RFID technology are analysed from the results of a survey of construction companies in Australia, in which 297 Information Technology (IT) staff were participants in this research. The research results show that the factors which had a statistically significant and positive impact on the adoption of RFID services in construction companies were: relative advantage, compatibility, cost, expected benefits, top management support, external support and organization size. The findings from this research study have the potential to provide insights to firms seeking to make investment decisions on the adoption of RFID technology.