Development Group Research Articles

New Solution in the Treatment of Children with Class II Malocclusion: Biblock Appliance.

A new design, the Biblock appliance, was developed for the functional treatment of Class II malocclusions. To compare the effects of Biblock appliance (BA) and Activator appliance (AA) on the skeleton, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue in Class II malocclusions. Thirty-five patients with mandibular retrognathia caused by skeletal Class II malocclusion and normodivergent growth pattern were included in this study. After selecting the BA group (n = 17, 8 boys and 9 girls, mean age = 12.08 ± 0.37 years), we selected the active control group treated with AA (n = 18, 9 boys and 9 girls, mean age = 12.3 ± 0.27 years), which matched the BA group's development and gender. All patients were between PP2 = DP3u periods according to hand-wrist maturation. Cephalometric variables related to the skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue were measured. Treatment duration was 18.17 ± 1.45 months with BA and 16.92 ± 1.09 months with AA. Skeletal Class II malocclusion improved significantly in both groups. In the compared groups, the increase in ANS-Me was significantly higher in the AA group (P < 0.05). The Cd⊥SN and S-Cd increase in the compared groups was significantly higher in the BA group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in measurements between the groups in skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue measurements (P > 0.05). The effects of AA, an appliance accepted by the orthodontic community, and BA, a new design, on the skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue were similar.

Harmony in Practice: A Case Study Approach in Exploring the Intersection of Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Stewardship

“Corporate Social Responsibility is a management concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and interactions with their stakeholders.” The Companies Act, 2013, mandated companies meeting specific criteria to allocate a percentage of their profits towards socially responsible initiatives, reflecting a paradigm shift in acknowledging the role of businesses in contributing to social and environmental objectives. Key CSR activities in India focus on education, healthcare, and environmental sustainability, with corporations aligning with national priorities such as the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. The article highlights successful case studies exemplifying the integration of CSR with environmental initiatives, including Tata Group's sustainable development initiatives, Infosys' green IT practices, and ITC Limited's Triple Bottom Line Approach. Furthermore, the challenges faced by companies in integrating CSR and environmental sustainability in India are elucidated, ranging from regulatory complexities to resource constraints and the need for continuous innovation. The article provides a comprehensive overview of the evolving landscape of corporate social responsibility and environmental stewardship in India, highlighting successful case studies, challenges faced, and the pivotal role of regulatory frameworks in shaping corporate behavior towards environmentally responsible practices.

Current Situation and Consequences of Environmental Information Disclosure in China's Automobile Manufacturing Industry --Taking SAIC Motor Corporation Limited as an Example

A sincere commitment to establishing a community of human destiny is made through achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality. Following the pace of affluent nations, China has incorporated carbon peak and carbon neutrality into overall economic and social development. Environmental information disclosure is the most basic and major part of environmental accounting, following the sustainable development strategy because of daily accounting supervision and accounting. In this research, a case study of SAIC Group's environmental information disclosure in China from 2019 to 2022 is chosen, and analyzes SAIC Group's operating capacity, profitability, solvency and development capacity by combining information asymmetry theory and stakeholder theory. This paper investigates the roots of environmental information disclosure in the automobile manufacturing industry, chooses a representative SAIC Group to summarize its environmental information disclosure, assesses the current level of corporate environmental information disclosure, and provides relevant departments with pointers and relates for the development of an environmental information disclosure system for enterprises in this industry. Finally, optimization recommendations are offered for the growth of listed businesses' environmental information disclosure in China's vehicle manufacturing sector.

Financial Analysis of Industrial Metallurgical Industry Based on Harvard Analysis Framework after RCEP

On January 1, 2022, the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP) officially entered into force, and a total of 15 member countries, including China, Japan, South Korea, Australia, New Zealand and ten ASEAN countries, officially started to implement the agreement. The successful signing of RCEP marks the establishment of the world's largest FTA, which will significantly reduce tariffs among member countries and al-so promote the opening of markets among member countries, thus boosting trade among countries to cope with the downward economic pressure. In re-cent years, China's economic development has placed more emphasis on high quality, emphasizing that green water and green mountains are golden mountains, and protecting the environment stands on an equal footing with development. Under the influence of many factors such as the entry into force of RCEP and China's new development pattern, how to transform heavy polluters in line with the trend has become an intense and urgent issue. Here the author uses the Harvard analytical framework to select A-share listed Baowu Group for analysis and exploration, focusing on Baowu Group's financial and development status after the merger and how to cope with environmental expenditure audits in the context of RCEP policy.

The All-on-4 Concept Using Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)-Acrylic Resin Prostheses: Follow-Up Results of the Development Group at 5 Years and the Routine Group at One Year.

It is necessary to investigate the application of polymer materials in implant dentistry. The aim of this study was to examine the outcome of full-arch polyetheretherketone (PEEK)-acrylic resin implant-supported prostheses. Seventy-six patients were rehabilitated consecutively with 100 full-arch implant-supported prostheses of PEEK-acrylic resin (a development group (DG): 37 patients with 5 years of follow-up; a routine group (RG): 39 patients with 1 year of follow-up). The primary outcome measure was prosthetic survival. Secondary outcome measures were implant survival, marginal bone loss, biological complications, prosthetic complications, veneer adhesion, plaque levels, bleeding levels, and a patient subjective evaluation (including the Oral Health Impact Profile for the RG). In both groups, prosthetic (DG: 93.6%; RG: 100%) and implant survival (DG: 98.9%; RG: 99.5%) were high, and marginal bone loss was low (DG: 0.54 mm; RG: 0.28 mm). The veneer adhesion rate was 28.6% of prostheses in DG (RG = 0%). Mechanical complications occurred in 49% and 11.8% of prostheses in DG and RG, respectively. Biological complications, plaque, and bleeding levels were low in both groups. The subjective patient evaluation was excellent in both groups (8.6 < DG < 8.8; 9.3 < RG < 9.5; OHIP = 1.38). Within the limitations of this study, PEEK can be considered a viable prosthetic alternative.

Al-Qaeda, Salafi Jihadism and American Policy in the Greater Middle East

Abstract: While al-Qaeda is a product of specific circumstances in the Middle East, the bitter irony of its September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States is that American policy in the region before those attacks unwittingly contributed significantly to its birth and development and that American policy subsequent to the attacks created new opportunities for similar organizations to flourish, even as al-Qaeda itself lost ground to those organizations. Organizationally and ideologically, al-Qaeda was the product of the jihad against the Soviet Union in Afghanistan and the successful war against Iraq in 1990-91, the two most prominent success stories in the relationship between Saudi Arabia and the United States. This essay will treat Washington's unintentional participation in the development of al-Qaeda and the group's ideological development in an analytical narrative of the founding, growth, success and eventual decline of what for Americans is the prototypical terrorist organization of the 21st century.

“Publish or no degree”: Cultivating a scholarly writing Group for Indonesian Master’s students of English education

In line with the increasing institutionalization of scholarly publication as a graduation requirement for graduate students around the world, the use of a community of writing practice to support students navigate their publication endeavour has begun to receive attention from academic supervisors and graduate researchers. Despite the burgeoning interest in this topic, there has been little empirical evidence on master’s students’ experiences and perspectives of working within such writing groups at an Indonesian university. This phenomenological case study intends to fill this lacuna by elaborating on the process of a writing group's establishment and development for master's students of English education and exploring their perceptions of participating in such a community of practice (COP). Findings indicate that the writing group served as a flexible and participatory COP that produced critical and enduring alterations in identity as scholarly writers amongst participants. Specifically, their perceived transition into academic writers involves three aspects: knowledge of the values of scholarly publication, construction of a scholarly identity, and demystification of the publishing endeavour. This study's findings can be utilized to inform other master's and doctorate programs, as well as academic professionals seeking interventions to assist their students' productive writing.

Development Strategy for Trigona leaviceps Honey Bee Cultivation in Sait Buttu Saribu Village, Pamatang Sidamanik District, Simalungun Regency

The target of the research is to find out the existing conditions of honey bee cultivation business management and to determine the management strategy set based on existing conditions of TAKOMA Farmer Groups in Sait Buttu Saribu, Sidamanik District, Simalungun Regency. The data retrieved is primary data and secondary data. Through direct interviews using questionnaires of 17 honey bee farmers, primary data were obtained As for the secondary data obtained from literaure. Research analysis, namely descriptive analysis using SWOT analysis techniques. The existing condition of managing the honey bee cultivation business of the TAKOMA Farmer Group is that the business has high strength so that it runs well, does not have any significant weaknesses from the internal aspect, has taken advantage of opportunities from external factors aimed at improving cultivation efforts, and experiencing meaningful threats that can be improved from the aspect of work resilience. The strategy set in the framework of business development is to maintain and maintain the internal strengths owned and make good use of the opportunities that are already owned and also suppressing as small as possible the threats that can cause the failure of the TAKOMA farmer group's honey bee cultivation development efforts.

Mechanism-Driven Development of Group 10 Metal-Catalyzed Decarbonylative Coupling Reactions.

Transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions are widely used in both academia and industry for the construction of carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. The vast majority of cross-coupling reactions utilize aryl (pseudo)halides as the electrophilic coupling partner. Carboxylic acid derivatives (RC(O)X) represent a complementary class of electrophiles that can engage in decarbonylative couplings to produce analogous products. This decarbonylative approach offers the advantage that RC(O)X are abundant and inexpensive. In addition, decarbonylative coupling enables both intramolecular (between R and X of the carboxylic acid derivative) as well as intermolecular bond-forming reactions (in which an exogeneous nucleophile is coupled with the R group derived from RC(O)X). In these intermolecular reactions, the X-substituent on the carboxylic acid can be tuned to facilitate both oxidative addition and transmetalation, thus eliminating the need for an exogeneous base. This Account details our group's development of a diverse variety of base-free decarbonylative coupling reactions catalyzed by group 10 metals. Furthermore, it highlights how catalyst design can be guided by stoichiometric organometallic studies of these systems.Our early studies focused on intramolecular decarbonylative couplings that transform RC(O)X to the corresponding R-X with extrusion of CO. We first identified Pd and Ni monodentate phosphine catalysts that convert aryl thioesters (ArC(O)SR) to the corresponding thioethers (ArSR). We next expanded this reactivity to fluoroalkyl thioesters, using readily available fluoroalkyl carboxylic acids as the fluoroalkyl (RF) source. A Ni-phosphinoferrocene catalyst proved optimal, and the large bite angle bidentate ligand was necessary to promote the challenging RF-S bond-forming reductive elimination step.We next pursued intramolecular decarbonylative couplings of aroyl halides. Palladium-based catalysts bearing dialkylbiaryl ligands (e.g., BrettPhos) were identified as optimal for converting aroyl chlorides (ArC(O)Cl) to aryl chlorides (ArCl). These ligands were selected based on their ability to facilitate the key C-Cl bond-forming reductive elimination step of the catalytic cycle. In contrast, all attempts to convert aroyl fluorides [ArC(O)F)] to aryl fluorides (ArF) were unsuccessful with either Pd- or Ni-based catalysts. Organometallic studies of the Ni-system show that C(O)-F oxidative addition and CO deinsertion proceed smoothly, but the resulting nickel(II) aryl fluoride intermediate fails to undergo C-F bond-forming reductive elimination.In contrast to its inertness to reductive elimination, this nickel(II) aryl fluoride proved highly reactive toward transmetalation. The fluoride ligand serves as an internal base, such that no additional base is required. We leveraged this "transmetalation active" intermediate to achieve base-free Ni-catalyzed intermolecular decarbonylative coupling reactions between aroyl fluorides and boron reagents to access both biaryl and aryl-boronate ester products. By tuning the electrophile, transmetalating reagent, and catalyst, this same approach also proved applicable to base-free intermolecular decarbonylative fluoroalkylation (between difluoromethylacetyl fluoride and arylboronate esters) and aryl amination (between phenol esters and silyl amines).Moving forward, a key goal is to identify catalyst systems that enable more challenging bond constructions via this manifold. In addition, CO inhibition remains a major issue leading to the requirement for high temperatures and high catalyst loadings. Identifying catalysts that are resistant to CO binding and/or approaches to remove CO under mild conditions will be critical for making these reactions more practical and scalable.

Leadership development, gender and race: Intersectional insights from South Africa

AbstractThis research explores the existence of differential group‐level experiences in a South African retail group's leadership development programme (LDP). Primary data were collected with semistructured intersectional focus groups. Findings were triangulated with secondary data from organizational document analysis. Emerging themes were identified with Thematic and Axial coding. Gender‐ and race identity shape how content, development needs, peer interactions, and support are experienced within the LDP. Additionally, certain findings also contradict existing knowledge of LDPs, such as the prevalence of mistrust between participants in a mixed‐group programme. Findings indicate a need for further research to explore the differential effects of intersectional identities on the experience of LDPs. Findings challenge psychologically and behaviourally focused conceptions of leadership development by demonstrating how multiple identities interdependently influence the experience of an LDP. Concurrently, the study challenges existing knowledge of group dynamics within mixed‐group development programmes by highlighting essentialist assumptions about gender and race in the context of leadership development. An analysis of the qualitative data also produced the counterintuitive finding that intersecting bases of privilege might actually result in negative outcomes within a learning context. Finally, the study also contributes to the body of knowledge of intersectionality by demonstrating its utility in leadership development research.

A Biographical History of the Panars, Working Class People of Kurunthokai

All the languages that have appeared in the world are born after which it got better. But the truth is that our Tamil language was born better. Sangam Literature, Classical Literature, includes Patthuppaatu (Ten Idylls) and Etthutthokai (Eight Anthologies). Earth can be said to be fundamental in the reasons for a group's gradual cultural development. In such a case, in Kurunthokai, a part of Ettutthokai, the characteristics that are appropriate to Marutham land, a pretend love quarrel, and the association with the hustlers are found in Marutham thinai songs. This article examines how the Panars, who were considered by the society of that time to be lower class people and ignoble caste, were crushed for having participated greatly in doing their duties. Their cultural structure, which was based on caste, and their economic status were dependent on others forever. As a result, they lived in poverty and supplication. For the sake of material things, they were able to give material things to the Panars, who were the lower class people, to do the work they desired. The Panars were crushed on many levels. They were considered despicable and deserving of ridicule by all for doing lowly jobs and being instrumental in sorting out the issues in the love quarrel between the husband and wife. Despite their eloquence, intelligence, and sophisticated intellect, their society is said to be a casteless society, but this study has tried to explain the fact that the lower castes were secretly humiliated, the tasks given to them, the work they did, and the society that tried to develop by ignoring them.

Ways of development of hotel and restaurant business in the period of post-war reconstruction of Ukraine

The purpose of the article is to determine the ways of development of hotel and restaurant business in the period of post-war reconstruction of Ukraine. The research methodology is based on the use of general scientific and specific methods, in particular: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, modeling, systematization and generalization.The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the substantiation and proposals for the creation of smart cities within hotel and restaurant complexes. Conclusions. The article establishes that the hotel and restaurant business suffers significant losses during the war. It is proved that in the post-war period it is necessary to develop development strategies that will counteract internal and external risks. The main strategies for the development of the hotel and restaurant business in the postwar period are systematized. In particular, two groups of development strategies have been identified: the strategy of maintaining a positive image in the market and the strategy of overcoming the negative post-war consequences. There are 10 signs on the basis of which it is possible to assert the existence of smart cities within the hotel and restaurant business. The strategy for the development of the hotel and restaurant business should be formed taking into account current development trends. To do this, it is necessary to develop approaches that would reduce the level of risk caused by the emergence of negative customer expectations. To do this, a marketing and sales strategy must be used. The main role will be played by corporate culture, which will be the core of future strategic changes. Important for implementation is the innovation strategy, the implementation of which should take place through the creation of smart cities within the hotel and restaurant complex. This approach minimizes contact with the external environment and promotes a positive impression of the quality of services. Key words: hotel and restaurant business, strategies of hotel and restaurant business development, business risks, hotel and restaurant complexes, smart city.

Multimodality during live tutoring is relevant for vocal learning in zebra finches

In many songbird species, young birds learn their song from adult conspecifics. Like much animal communication, birdsong is multimodal: singing is accompanied by beak and body movements. We hypothesized that these visual cues could enhance vocal learning thus partly explaining the reduced learning from unimodal audio playbacks compared to multimodal live social tutoring observed in many birdsong studies. To test this, juvenile zebra finches, Taeniopygia guttata, were tutored in a yoked design where replicate tutoring groups of three male–female dyads were exposed to the same live tutor simultaneously in three different ways. (1) Tutees were housed with the tutor in a central compartment; hence they could hear, see and interact with their tutor (‘live’). (2) Tutees placed in one of two adjacent compartments could hear but not see the same tutor from behind a black loudspeaker cloth (‘audio-only’). (3) Tutees could likewise hear the tutor through loudspeaker cloth but could also see the tutor through a one-way mirror (‘audiovisual’). Comparisons of subadult and adult song showed more changes in the audio-only than in the audiovisual or live tutored tutees, suggesting the audio-only group's song development was delayed. According to (blinded) human observer similarity scoring, the audio-only tutees' singing was least similar and the live tutees' singing most similar to their tutor's singing, while the audiovisual tutees showed an intermediate level of similarity, but the between-treatment differences in similarity were not significant. Conversely, the audio-only group showed the highest similarity values with their father's song, which they only heard before the experimental tutoring. Given that the quantity and quality of the tutor song input were the same across treatments within tutoring groups, the results support the hypothesis that visual in addition to auditory exposure to a tutor can affect the timing and possibly also the amount of vocal learning.

Internet of Things: Boon or Bane?

Abstract: Internet of Things (IoT) shows up a practical methodology to draw in the Smart Cities of what may be the eventual fate of them. iNUIT (Internet of Things for Urban Innovation) is a multi-year research program that means to make a biological system that endeavours the assortment of information originating from numerous sensors and associated articles introduced on the size of a city, to address explicit issues as far as advancement of new administrations (physical security, asset the board, and so forth.). Among the different research exercises inside iNUIT, we present two activities: SmartCrowd and OpEc. SmartCrowd goes for observing the group's development during huge occasions. Internet of Things (IoT) is a creation that connects to all the machinery in place and puts them together so that we are satisfied as user. By executions of information with devices, IoT has been broadly associated with different fields, for instance, tech savvy homes, prospering, security, medicinal associations, and centrality confirmation. The necessity for solace and supportive life are especially basic in sharp homes. As such, home automation is a champion among the most essential and fundamental portions for the IoT-based keen home development. Home robotisation structures are used to control home gadgets or machinery in homes and give customized remote control inside or outside homes. Keywords: IoT, sensors, actuators, RASPBERRY PI, evolution, basics of IoT, analytics, data acquisition, IOT advantage, disadvantage

Effectiveness of Gamification on the Community of Inquiry Development in Online Project-based Programming Courses Conducted on Facebook

This study aims to explore how gamification elements influence the development of the Community of Inquiry (CoI) in an online project-based programming course conducted on Facebook. We formed student groups by using a quasi-experimental design from students studying in the computer science department. While both courses were project-based, the experimental group's project development process was enriched with gamification elements. We collected data from the CoI survey, transcript analysis of online discussions, and interviews with students. The results indicated that the use of gamification elements contributed significantly to students' social, cognitive, and teaching presence development. Besides, while a high level of CoI perception was created in both groups in the online project-based learning environment, the design and organization role of the instructor came to the fore in the gamified environment more.

Evolving Motivation in Public Service: AThree‐PhaseLongitudinal Examination of Public Service Motivation, Work Values, and Academic Studies Among Israeli Students

AbstractWhat are the impact of work values and academic training on public service motivation (PSM) over time? We present findings from a three‐phase longitudinal study on the evolvement of PSM of Israeli students who gradually enter the job market. A cohort of 2,799 students were surveyed in late 2012 and a surviving final cohort of 558 respondents took part in the third stage of data collection during early 2015. We analyzed this group's postgraduate career development when they joined various public and nonpublic organizations and professions. We tested several hypotheses about possible relationships between and effects of work values (intrinsic–extrinsic; individualistic–collectivistic), academic studies, and person‐organization fit and PSM over time. In general, individuals with higher levels of intrinsic and collectivistic values, and an academic background in core public service studies demonstrated stronger PSM over time. Implications and suggestions for future studies are discussed.

The Muslim Brotherhood in Jordan

The Muslim Brotherhood in Jordan

Performance analysis and mentoring strategy of fish farmers groups in Muntilan Sub District, Magelang Regency, Central of Java Province

The purpose of this research was to identify performance and determine the strategy for improving the performance of fish farmers groups in this area, which has excellent and dominant potential in freshwater aquaculture. There were about 131 fish farmers and 11 fish hatchery and rearing groups from this region's six research sample villages. The identification results of the fishbone diagram analysis showed that the fish farmer group's growth and development, in general, were still low, based on several dominant categories, namely infrastructure, fisheries extension performance, contribution performance, and the interests of fish farmers. In detail, the causes were: 1) insufficient facilities and infrastructure; 2) management in implementing fish farmers groups function has not run optimally; 3) the lack of fisheries extension workers; 4) the lack of contribution among group members; 5) relationship between fish farmers groups and local government institutions was still low; 6) fisheries activities were dominated by certain people; and 7) the interests of the fish farmers to form groups were still low. As the results of the SWOT analysis, the fish farmers group's performance development strategy was carried out by improving the performance of group roles and functions through mentoring and facilitating group activities.

INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO DESIGN OF PROTECTIVE NOISE CABINS BY APPLYING WALL MATERIALS

The paper presents a practical solution for designing a protective noise cabin using wall materials and a mobile access application. Due to the current wide-spread demand for small-sized benchtop tools intended for domestic purposes, the development of group protective equipment for their upgrade, operation, and application becomes urgent. The presence of adjacent living rooms when organizing the working space at the stage of set-up works raises the issue of meeting the requirements of sanitary standards concerning noise. The concept of designing a cabin with a sufficient level of noise insulation is implemented by the example of the most unaffected soundproof cabin made of purest wall materials. Processing of results on the average value of sound pressure levels and indeterminacy of measurements is carried out using the developed mobile accessed application. It has been determined that the sound level (dBA) is increased with the increase of the rotational frequency. The achieved maximum level of the sound outside the protective noise cabin of 73.6 dBA at the standard mode of equipment operation is lower than the regulated

Agricultural product-derived carbon for energy, sensing, and environmental applications: A mini-review

Carbon is one of the versatile materials used in modern life for human welfare. It has a wide range of applications such as drug delivery, coatings, energy generation and storage, gas separation, water purification, sensor fabrication, and catalysis. Most of the widely used carbon materials are graphene and carbon nanotubes. Nonrenewable precursors (e.g., natural gas), toxic chemicals, and complex synthesis methods are often required for their preparation, limiting their wide practical applications. Besides these, biomass-derived carbons are attractive materials as they can be prepared simply from renewable biomass. However, their practical applications' success partially depends on their properties like size, shape, porosity, and presence of heteroatoms, which can be controlled by selecting the proper type of biomass, activating agent, and preparation method. It is noted that different species of plants have different chemical compositions and textures. This mini-review summarizes our group's recent sophisticated developments in agricultural-bio-waste-derived carbonaceous materials, including nanomaterials for electrocatalytic water splitting, electrochemical sensors, supercapacitors, water splitting, water treatment, gas separation, and enhance oil recovery. This offers valuable insights and essential guidelines towards the future design of agro-waste derived carbonaceous materials in various applications.&#x0D; Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(2): 467-478, 2020 (December)