Group UG Research Articles

Karbon nanopartikül ilave edilmiş iki tip protez astarının renk değişimi, su emilimi ve suda çözünürlüğü

Objective: The aim of this manuscript was to investigate the effect of carbon nanoparticles (CNs) addition into denture liners on the color change and water absorption and solubility. Materials and Method: Test specimens (n=10) of Visco-Gel (Group VG) and Ufi-Gel (Group UG) were created either without (Groups C-as control and W) or with the incorporation of 0.5%, 1% and 10% CNs synthesized from licorice root plant. The size of the CNs were measured with dynamic light scattering. The color of each specimen was measured with a spectrophotometer. Water sorption and solubility were determined by weight measurement. The data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA for sample size estimation and Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests for analyses of main outcomes with significance at the p<0.05 level. Results: All CNs-added test groups showed statistically higher color change than control groups (p<0.0125). In Group UG, 10% CNs added test groups showed statistically higher water sorption and solubility values than Group C, W and 0.5% CNs added test groups (p<0.001). However, the addition of 0.5% and 1% CNs to Groups VG caused a statistical decrease in water sorption values compared to control groups and Group VG 10% (p<0.001). Conclusion: Color change of CNs added denture liners were not within clinically accepted range of color difference regardless of addition rate. CNs addition in tested denture liners promoted changes in the liners’ sorption/solubility. UG was more prone to increase in both water sorption and solubility than VG.

Ultrasound-guided versus Shikani optical stylet-aided tracheal intubation: a prospective randomized study

BackgroundTo compare ultrasound-guided tracheal intubation (UGTI) versus Shikani optical stylet (SOS)-aided tracheal intubation in patients with anticipated normal airway.MethodsSixty patients aged 18–65 years old who presented for elective surgery under general anesthesia were recruited in this prospective randomized study. They were assigned into two equal groups, either an ultrasound-guided group (Group UG, n = 30) or an SOS-aided group (Group SOS, n = 30). After the induction of anesthesia, the tracheal intubation was performed by a specified skilled anesthesiologist. The number of tracheal intubation attempt and the duration of successful intubation on the first attempt were recorded. Complications relative to tracheal intubation including desaturation, hoarseness and sore throat were also recorded.ResultsThe first-attempt success rate is 93.3% (28/30) in Group UG and 90% (27/30) in Group SOS (P = 0.640). The second-attempt was all successful for the 2 and 3 patients left in the two groups, and the overall success rate of both groups was 100%. The duration of successful intubation on the first attempt of Group UG was not significantly different from that of Group SOS (34.0 ± 20.8 s vs 35.5 ± 23.2 s, P = 0.784). One patient in Group SOS had desaturation (P = 0.313), and there was none hoarseness in the two groups. Sore throat was detected in both group (4 in Group UG, 5 in Group SOS, P = 0.718).ConclusionUltrasound-guided tracheal intubation was as effective as Shikani optical stylet-aided tracheal intubation in adult patients with anticipated normal airway.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-IIC-17010875. Date of Registration: 15 March 2017.

Efficacy of ultrasound-prepositioned four-point method for right internal jugular vein catheterization in parturients at high risk of bleeding

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-prepositioned four-point method for right internal jugular vein (IJV) catheterization in the parturients at high risk of bleeding. Methods Eighty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱparturients diagnosed as having pernicious placenta previa, aged 25-38 yr, weighing 60-90 kg, scheduled for elective cesarean section under general anesthesia, were divided into 2 groups (n=40 each) using a random number table method: real-time ultrasonic guidance group (group UG) and ultrasound-prepositioned four-point method group (group UF). In group UG, the right IJV catheterization was performed under real-time ultrasound guidance: moving the ultrasonic probe to make the mid-line of the cross section image of the right IJV overlap with the mid-line of the ultrasonic display screen, and the intersection of the mid-line of the IJV and the horizontal line of the annular cartilage was selected as the puncture point.In group UF, the right IJV catheterization was performed by using ultrasound-prepositioned four-point method as follows: moving the ultrasonic probe to make the midline of the right IJV cross-sectional images overlap with the midline of the ultrasound display screen, and marking the skin where the midpoint of the probe′s long-axis was located as point A; transversely moving the probe to the inside so that the tangent line of its inner edge overlapped with the midline of the ultrasonic display screen, marking the skin where the midpoint of the probe′s long-axis was located as point B (the puncture site); at the proximal cardiac end of the right IJV, making point C at 2 cm from point B, and making point D (the indicator point, direction of the puncture needle) at 2 cm from point A. After local infiltration anesthesia was performed in point B, the puncture needle was inserted towards the point D. The success rate of puncture, success rate of catheterization, catheterization operation time and complications such as hematoma, intravascular catheter insertion or hemopneumothorax were recorded. Results The success rate of total catheterization was 100% in two groups.Compared with group UG, the catheterization operation time was significantly shortened (P 0.05). Conclusion Compared with real-time ultrasound guidance, ultrasound-prepositioned four-point method produces better efficacy when used for the right IJV catheterization in the parturients at high risk of bleeding. Key words: Ultrasonography; Catheterization, central venous; Cesarean section

Utilization of different macroalgae by abalone Haliotis discus hannai Ino: Evidence from analyses of fatty acid profiles

The use of different algal species by the abalone Haliotis discus hannai was investigated by using fatty acids (FAs) as trophic markers. Each of six groups of abalones was fed a different diet consisting of powdered algae over an 84-day period. Of the six diets, three consisted of a single algal species, i.e., the brown alga Laminaria japonica (L), the green alga Ulva lactuca (U), and the red alga Gracilaria lemaneiformis (G). The remaining three diets had different 1:1 mixtures of the algal species, i.e., L. japonica and U. lactuca (LU), L. japonica and G. lemaneiformis (LG), and U. lactuca and G. lemaneiformis (UG). The FA profiles of the abalone soft body showed clear changes over the experimental period and differed significantly between the different diet groups. Analyses of variation of specific FAs and multidimensional scaling ordination of overall FA profiles showed that H. discus hannai absorbed L. japonica preferentially over G. lemaneiformis in the dietary group LG and discriminated against U. lactuca in groups LU and UG. Additionally, abalone in group LG had the highest specific growth rate (SGR = 0.73 ± 0.06% d−1), while those in group U had the lowest (0.36 ± 0.07% d−1). Our results for dietary preferences and growth performance suggest that G. lemaneiformis might be used as an alternative to the kelp L. japonica in the diet of farmed H. discus hannai, while U. lactuca may not be suitable.

Randomized comparison of sugammadex and neostigmine for reversal of rocuronium-induced muscle relaxation in morbidly obese undergoing general anaesthesia

Complete and fast recovery of neuromuscular function is very important in morbidly obese patients because of the possible influence of postoperative residual curarization (PORC) on respiratory function in the postoperative period. Recent reports underline incidences of the residual influence of neuromuscular blocking agents. Seventy morbidly obese (BMI >40 kg m(-2)) patients requiring general anaesthesia and receiving rocuronium for muscle relaxation were randomly assigned into two groups: at the end of the anaesthetic procedure, one group received sugammadex 2 mg kg(-1) of corrected body weight (Group SUG) and the other group received neostigmine 0.05 mg kg(-1) of CBW (Group NEO). At the end of surgery and when response reached a train-of-four (TOF) score of 2, patients received the study drugs. The neuromuscular function was recorded and time to achieve 90% of TOF (safe extubation) was measured. Patients were examined directly after arrival to the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) by a blinded investigator for the presence of PORC. Thirty-five patients received sugammadex and 35 neostigmine. Mean dose of rocuronium was 87.9 vs 85.6 mg (P>0.05), mean time to 90% of TOF was 2.7 vs 9.6 min (P<0.05), and TOF at the PACU was 109.8% vs 85.5% (P<0.05) in Groups SUG and NEO, respectively. Administration of sugammadex provides fast recovery of neuromuscular function and prevents PORC in the morbidly obese, however neostigmine does not.

Morphological abnormalities and apoptosis in lamellar tissue of equines after intestinal obstruction and treatment with hydrocortisone

Four experimental groups of equines were used in order to study morphological abnormalities and apoptosis in lamellar tissue. Group Cg (control) was composed of animals without any surgical procedure; group Ig (instrumented), animals that underwent enterotomy; group Tg (treated), animals that were subjected to intestinal obstruction and were treated with hydrocortisone; and group Ug (untreated), animals that were subjected to intestinal obstruction without treatment. The lamellar tissue was analyzed regarding the presence of tissue abnormalities and apoptosis. No morphological abnormalities were observed in animals of surgical groups, and no difference in apoptosis was observed between groups. It was concluded that intestinal obstruction allowed laminitis to develop, probably by systemic activation, and that the maneuvers performed in the enterotomy aggravated the process. Hydrocortisone did not aggravate the lesions of the lamellar tissue

GATA2 Is Overexpressed in 46% of Patients with AML and Normal Karyotype. The Mutational Pattern FLT3-ITD/GATA2/WT1 Could Define a Group of Patients with Normal Karyotype and AML-M1 Subtype.

The presence of recurrent cytogenetic aberrations in AML has diagnostic and prognostic value; however, more than 40% of patients have a normal karyotype. Although the presence of FLT3 mutations, or overexpression (OE) of WT1, EVI1 or BAALC, have been reported to discriminate in this group those with a worse prognosis, more molecular markers are necessary to achieve treatment stratification in this heterogeneous group. The mice homolog of EVI1 (3q26) has been reported to have a role in the HSC proliferation through Gata2 expression, a downstream target gene of the Evi1 oncogene. Therefore, GATA2 (3q21), a transcription factor with a relevant role in hematopoiesis, could be a candidate gene in the leukemogenic transformation of AML. Our aim was to determinate the incidence of GATA2 OE in AML, and its association with other well-defined prognostic factors. We analyzed 7 cell lines and 192 samples of AML patients at diagnosis: 61 were in the favorable prognosis group, 82 in the intermediate (68 with normal karyotype) and 56 in the unfavorable (27 with 3q rearrangements). Expression of GATA2, MDS1/EVI1, EVI1 and WT1 were measured by a RTQ-PCR Taqman assay (Applied Biosystems). Mutations of FLT3 (ITD and D835) were also analyzed. Gene expression arrays were performed with the Human 19K Oligo Array (Center for Applied Genomics, University of New Jersey). We detected a different expression profile among the 3 prognosis groups: 42% and 12% of all AML cases had GATA2 and EVI1 OE respectively, and the frequency increased in the poorer prognosis groups (Table 1). GATA2 OE was detected in 46% of cases with normal karyotype, and was more frequent among samples with FLT3-ITD (68% vs 34%; p=0.0021). Among AML-M1 cases, the number of samples with FLT3-ITD and GATA2 OE was twice than in samples without FLT3 mutations (78% vs 39%). All patients with AML-M1, FLT3-ITD and GATA2 OE had WT1 OE. Gene expression array technology was performed to compare 3 groups of AML-M1: I) FLT3 no mutated and GATA2 OE; II) FLT3 no mutated and GATA2 no OE; and III) FLT3-ITD and GATA2 OE. Unsupervised analysis clearly classified these 3 groups, suggesting they could be prognostically relevant AML subgroups, and allowing the detection of 38 candidate genes that were differentially expressed. Our results show that GATA2 OE is a common event in AML cases with normal karyotype (46%). The mutational pattern FLT3-ITD/GATA2/WT1 could define a subgroup of patients with normal karyotype and AML-M1, with a different expression pattern.Incidence of the OE of GATA2 and EVI1 in 199 patients with AMLGATA2EVI1Frequencyp valueFrequencyp valueFG vs IG26% (16/61) vs 40% (33/82)ns0% (0/61) vs 4% (3/82)nsFG vs UG26% (16/61) vs 57% (32/56)0.010% (0/61) vs 38% (21/56)0.001IG vs UG40 (33/82) vs 57% (32/56)ns4% (3/82) vs 38% (21/56)0.001FG: favorable group IG: intermediate group UG: unfavorable group ns: no significative.

Structure of the Personality in Psychotherapy

Medical treatment by psychological methods is governed by certain guiding conceptions. In the older psycho therapy the leading principle is that of suggestion ; in the more recent that of psycho-analysis. In neither is the study of the finer structure of the personality the aim. Suggestion can very well be practised as mass or group sug gestion ; in fact, frequently those suggestions are strongest and most effective which ignore the single individuality and bring it down to a common level. In the psycho analytical schools it is the problem of experiences, their elaboration, transformation, and after-effects, which is in the foreground ; the other Jialf, the inner structure of the personality which is influenced thereby, receives little atten tion. It is not at this moment my purpose to state my attitude to all these various methods of psychotherapy, but rather to tackle the problem for once from the opposite side, to show it in the light of the personality and its inner biology.