Ground Water Tank Research Articles

Evaluasi Distribusi Air Bersih dengan Menggunakan Metode Hazen William dan Hardy Cross (Studi Kasus Asrama Putra Pondok Pesantren Al-Kautsar)

The Al-Kautsar Islamic Boarding School's Boys' Dormitory is a 3-storey building and there are problems with the distribution of clean water, namely the water supply that cannot meet its users when it is used during peak hours. This study aims to evaluate the distribution of clean water and provide recommendations. In this study the method used was the calculation of Hazen William and Hardy Cross using SNI 03-7065-2005 reference regarding procedures for designing plumbing systems and SNI 8153:2015 concerning pipe systems in buildings. Then the results that have been obtained from the calculation that the need for clean water is 29.4 ????3/day, for its availability of 502,400 m3, the need for clean water is not sufficient for its users. So it must be necessary to evaluate according to ideal conditions. As well as for the evaluation itself, namely the enlargement of the diameter of the 2nd floor pipe by 1 "and for the main dividing pipe by 2", the enlargement of the ground water tank by 6000 liters, the replacement of pump power by 200 watts. So, it can be concluded that the need for clean water in ideal conditions is 40.2 ????3/day. Then in this study the lack of water needed in the existing conditions with a maximum requirement of 27% percentage.

ANALYSIS AND IDENTIFICATION OF FACTORS CAUSING FLOODING AT SUKABUMI CITY TERMINAL

The plumbing system is an inseparable part of a multi-storey building. The plumbing system at the hotel is used to provide clean water and hot water needs. To meet the need for clean water in the design of an 8 floors building with a total of 45 inhabitants, an average number of 2,706 people per month and 100 visitors per day, a ground water tank capacity of 404.5 is required. m3 / and for the top water tank (Roof Tank) used a water reservoir of 21.59 m3. Based on the results of calculations for hot water needs where the toll of hot water needs per day is 12,900 liters including heat loss with 100% hotel occupancy and for heating time, it is obtained 9.79 hours / day using 2 units of heater heater 21.04 Kw

Perancangan Automatic Sprinkler System Pada Gudang Batu Bara Perusahaan Produksi Susu

Fire is a condition that occurs due to the oxidation of three elements (fuel, oxygen and heat) which can cause property losses, injury to death. One of the places that is prone to fire is a coal storage warehouse, considering the characteristics of the materials stored in it. In order to reduce losses due to fires, an automatic sprinkler system is needed in the coal warehouse of a dairy production company to help extinguish the fire as soon as possible when a fire occurs. Based on these problems, this research will determine the number of sprinklers needed as an automatic extinguishing system as well as the volume of water, pump power, and groundwater tanks. This type of research is quantitative research by direct observation of the object under study, then the researcher measures the coal warehouse space using a building meter. From the results of calculations by taking a sample of the coal warehouse room of a dairy production company, the required number of sprinklers is 111, the required water volume is 399.6 ????3, the required pump power and ground water tank are, pump hydraulic power (HHP) 1.2910128 kW, pump shaft power (BHP) 1.7213504 kW, pump electric power (P) 3 kW, diesel pump (PpD) 2 HP, jocky pump (PJk) 0.3 kW, GWT capacity (QGWT) 17 m3.

Evaluation of Fire Protection System on Educational Laboratory Building of Universitas Samudra

This research aims to evaluate fire protection system of educational laboratory building of Universitas Samudra in Langsa city. The building, containing chemical and biological materials that are susceptible to fire, should be protected carefully against potential fires. In addition, sophisticated and expensive equipment for practicum and research including the physical building material are also an additional factor to be preserved according to large investments budget provided. The building, served as practicum and research center will be reviewed from the aspect of active, passive, and management systems that refer to Indonesian standards and regulations. Field observations, data collection and interview were performed in observing the existing condition of the building using descriptive methods. To support the evaluation process, building model is carried out using Sketchup, AutoCAD and Dialux simulation in order to achieve more in-depth observations. The results of this study show that in general the building has met adequate fire protection system standards. The existing volume of the ground water tank is only sufficient for the daily operational needs of water in the laboratory building. However, this amount is not sufficient in a fire scenario. The addition of a new ground water tank and the addition of a Siamese connection to support the need for water imported from fire trucks is required. In addition, there is a need for a fire hazard management team in the building and the need for technical operational standards for the maintenance of all components.

Optimasi Pembangunan Tangki Air Tanah dan Sanitasi Menggunakan Metode Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) dan Critical Path Metode (CPM) Agar Efektif Biaya Dan Waktu

The success or failure of project implementation is often due to the lack of planning of project activities and ineffective control, so that project activities are inefficient, this will result in delays, decreased quality of work, and increased implementation costs. Project management is carried out to manage the project from start to finish. This study aims to determine the optimal time and cost of a ground water tank and sanitation development project at Al-Mulk Hospital, Sukabumi City. The more optimal the time obtained will help the company complete the project at optimal cost. The method used here uses quantitative and data collection techniques through observation, interviews and literature. With the method of data analysis using the Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) and Critical Patch Methode (CPM).

PERANCANGAN SISTEM PLAMBING PADA BANGUNAN WISMA MESS SEPOLWAN CIPUTAT

The construction of high-rise buildings in big cities is currently increasing rapidly, before the building is built, it is necessary to plan a plumbing system to meet the needs of water supply for daily needs in buildings and waste water disposal. In planning the plumbing of Wisma Mess Sepolwan 3 floors, the need for clean water is 28.92 m3/day, the GWT (Ground Water Tank) bottom tank capacity is 6.5 m3/day, the top tank capacity (Roof Tank) is 5.4 m3/day and the sewer tank 25 m3/day.The transfer of clean water from the ground water tank to the top water tank (roof tank) uses a transfer pump with a capacity of 5.4 m3/minute, pump head of 39.64 m. Fordistribution of clean water on 3 floors using a pressure booster pump with a capacity of 0.16 m3/minute and a pump head of 10.3 m.Transfer of clean water from the bottom water tank (Ground Water Tank) to the top water tank (Roof Tank) using a pipe size of 40 mm. The design of the diameter of the clean water distribution pipe for each floor gets a size of 150 mm diameter of the main pipe / water main pipe and 50 mm per floor.The design of the diameter of the sewerage pipe from (closet and toilet) size to the standpipe for each floor is 100 mm and the diameter of the riser standpipe is 150 mm. The design of the diameter of the waste water pipe from (hand sinks and traps) to the size of the standpipe for each floor is 80 mm and the diameter of the riser standpipe is 100 mm. The design of the vent pipe diameter for the size of the standpipe for each floor is 50 mm and the diameter of the riser standpipe is 80 mm

The BIM Implementation for Preparing Mutual Check-0 (MC-0) Documents in the Building Development Project of Edusmart Soerojo Hospital Magelang

The development of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology in the construction sector has been a solution to the problem of preparing planning documents that often occur. It can lower the discrepancy between the value of the planning contract and the value of the building construction implementation contract. The BIM system defines the physical characteristics of a design model into information that can be implemented at several stages of construction work, one of which is Mutual Check 0 (MC-0). Preparing documents (MC-0) on construction projects aims to adjust planning documents in the form of analysis of work items, working drawings, and calculation of the volume of work that affects the contract value. In a short time, the parties involved in construction work, such as contractor service providers and supervisory consultants, need to check the planning volume to match the actual volume of work in the field. In the Edusmart Soerojo Hospital Magelang Building construction project, Building Information Modeling (BIM) is used to check the volume of work. This checking process is assisted by using the Autodesk Revit 2021 software. This study reviews the effectiveness of BIM in preparing documents (MC-0) using a comparative descriptive method, comparing the volume of work in contract documents with the actual volume in the field. This study's results show a difference between adding and reducing volume in the field. The addition occurred in earthworks and excavation, foundation structure, 1st-floor structure, 2nd-floor structure, roof floor structure, and Ground Water Tank (GWT) work. In contrast, the decrease occurred in the sloof understructure and roof work. The total volume obtained indicates a difference in the contract value of the structural work, which has increased by 9.47%. The initial planning contract value was IDR 5,569,152,785.40, an increase of IDR 527,623,004.49 to IDR 6,096,775,789.89.

Utilizing a Domestic Water Tank to Make the Air Conditioning System in Residential Buildings More Sustainable in Hot Regions

Air conditioning (AC) is considered an important requirement for hot environments, but it is facing one of the most demanding obstacles as concerns the use of electrical energy resources. In 2019, electricity consumption in the residential sector in Gulf Cooperation Council states reached approximately 43% of the total national consumption, and about two-thirds of the electrical energy consumed in residential buildings (RBs) was used for AC. Therefore, as these indicators show, there is a need to focus on studying AC. One of the most important reasons for the high consumption of electrical energy in RBs is the big difference between indoor and outdoor temperatures. In this paper, a heat exchanger was designed and tested experimentally to reduce this temperature difference by using a domestic ground water tank (GWT) as a sink/source (water-cooled condensers instead of air-cooling). The results have shown that the water tank made the surrounding temperature around the external coil of the AC more suitable for cooling/heating. The proposed system resulted in a reduction in energy consumption by 28% of the electrical energy needed in the conventional system and an increase in COP by 39%. This means that this system is more efficient and therefore more sustainable.

Transfer Pump Selection for Oyama Hotel

Transfer Pump Selection for Oyama Hotel. The calculation and selection of the transfer pump has been carried out in the clean water installation of the Oyama hotel building. Transfer pump is required to move (lift) clean water from the ground water tank to the roof tank. The pump selection method is based on calculation of pump capacity and head. Pump capacity calculation is based on water demand during peak hours. Pump head calculation is based on static head and friction loss in the piping. From the results of the calculations, the capacity is 20m3/hour and the pump head is 9 bars.

Design methodology for sewage water treatment system comprised of Imhoff ‘s tank and a subsurface horizontal flow constructed wetland: a case study Dakhla Oasis, Egypt

In this study, in order to reuse the treated wastewater in irrigation in rural areas, a new sewage water treatment system comprised of primary treatment Imhoff’s tank, Hama drying basins, inlet well, a subsurface horizontal flow constructed wetland (HSFW), water control device, and a groundwater tank is proposed and designed in Dakhla Oasis western desert of Egypt. The proposed system serves a population of 5000 capita with a designed discharge of 750 m3 d−1. The kinetic parameters involved macrophyte organisms, media forms, water level, hydraulic retention time (HRT), and hydraulic loading rate (hl) for the system were selected to achieve an efficient wastewater treatment system design. Imhoff’s tank is sized as the primary sedimentation efficiency is 30%, and HSFW is sized based on the first-order kinetics (k-C∗) model, and total hydraulic design theory. The air temperatures were 29.7 °C and 13.8 °C in summer and winter respectively, influent pollutant concentrations after primary sedimentation for BOD, fecal coliforms (FC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) were 210 mg L−1, 108 CFU100 mL−1, 30 and 7 mg L−1, respectively. The expected designed effluent BOD and FC were 30 mg L−1 and 1000 CFU100 mL−1 respectively. The results show that FC removal controls the area of the HSFW (2.87 ha), 6 units of reed (Phragmites Australis and Papyrus) plants each one is 66 m with hl of 2.6 cm d−1 and HRT of 6.91 d. The expected overall removal efficiencies for BOD and FC were 85.7%, and 99.9% respectively.

Perancangan Sistem Fire Alarm Kebakaran Pada Gedung Laboratorium XXX

Abstract
 
 Fire is a phenomenon that occurs when a material reaches a critical temperature and reacts chemically with oxygen (for example) producing heat, flame, light, smoke, water vapor, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, or other products and effects. Fires can occur anywhere, be it in office buildings, residences or public facilities. As for other than in public areas, fires often occur, both in rooms and laboratories, the triggers are almost the same due to negligence and not being careful in using flammable tools. For this reason, the need for a fire detector with a detector system using an alarm so that once a fire occurs, all those in the building can find out through the detector with an alarm sound as a fire marker. In order to reduce casualties, the need for a sprinkler system to extinguish the fire, and can assist the officers or authorities in the building as soon as possible. From the above problems, this research will determine how many detectors and sprinklers are needed, as well as how much water volume, pump power, and ground water tank are needed. This type of research is quantitative research by direct observation of the object under study, then researchers measure the room one by one using a building meter. From the calculation results by taking a sample on the 1st floor, the number of detectors needed is 10 smoke detectors and 3 heat detectors, the number of sprinklers is 47, the volume of water needed is 846 m3, the pump power and ground water tank needed are hydraulic power. pump (HHP) 3,28621 kW, pump shaft power (BHP) 4.38 kW, pump electric power (P) 6 kW, diesel pump (PpD) 4 HP, jocky pump (PJk) 0.6 kW, capacity GWT ( QGWT) 44 m3.

Analysis Of Clean Water And Hot Water Needs Plumbing System In The Building

The plumbing system is an inseparable part of a multi-storey building. The plumbing system at the hotel is used to provide clean water and hot water needs. To meet the need for clean water in the design of an 8 floors building with a total of 45 inhabitants, an average number of 2,706 people per month and 100 visitors per day, a ground water tank capacity of 404.5 is required. m3 / and for the top water tank (Roof Tank) used a water reservoir of 21.59 m3. Based on the results of calculations for hot water needs where the toll of hot water needs per day is 12,900 liters including heat loss with 100% hotel occupancy and for heating time, it is obtained 9.79 hours / day using 2 units of heater heater 21.04 Kw

PERENCANAAN SISTEM DISTRIBUSI AIR BERSIH DAN PENGOLAHAN AIR BUANGAN PADA PEMBANGUNAN TOWER A APARTEMEN TAMANSARI EMERALD SURABAYA

Plumbing installation planning is one of the most important things in building constructions. The planning of clean water distribution network in the Tamansari Emerald Surabaya Apartment building is designed to serve the clean water needs of residents and customers. Plans are made in accordance with standards and regulations regarding the provision of clean water in the apartment. The Tamansari Emerald Surabaya Apartment is a building with 48 floors consisting of 1 basement floor, 1 commercial floor, 13 parking floors, and 33 residential floors. Clean water needs are calculated based on the number of residents and room types with a total building water requirement of 312. m³ / day. The diameter of vertical clean water pipe used is 4 inches,meanwhile the diameter for distribution pipes range of ¾ inch to 1 ½ inch. The clean water distribution system uses a ground water tank and roof tank, which those volumes are 120 m3 using 2 units tanks of 60 m3 and 20.8 m³using FRP-tank.

PERENCANAAN SISTEM AIR BERSIH PADA PEMBANGUNAN TOWER PREMIER APARTEMEN BESS MANSION SURABAYA

Plumbing installation system must be well planned, especially for high rise building. Clean water and waste water networks planning in the Tower Premier BeSS Mansion Surabaya Apartment are designed to serve the occupants needs of clean water. BeSS Mansion Apartement is a high-rise building with ± 86.000 m2area, consist of 3 towers named : Premier Tower and Suite Tower, which have area of 51.700 m2and consist of 44 floors, and Podium Tower which has 34.300 m2 area and consist of 1 semi basement and 9 parking floors. Clean water need is calculated based on the number of occupants and the type of room, which require total clean water discharge of 772.8 m³/day. The pipe diameters of clean water system is designed using 4 inches for main pipes and ¾ inch to 1½ inches for distribution pipes. The ground water tank capacity is 257.6 m³ using two tanks which have a capacity of 144 m³ and 128 m³, while the roof tank has a capacity of 51.52 m³.

PERENCANAAN JARINGAN PIPA AIR BERSIH DAN AIR KOTOR PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG GUEST HOUSE EXINDO GRUP

In the construction of a building, a plan is needed in terms of structure, architecture and Mechanical Electrical and Plumbing (MEP) so that the functions and objectives of building construction run according to plans and needs. The purpose of this thesis is to meet the needs of clean water and plumbing installation needs in building construction. Guest House Exindo Group. In this plan, it takes data on planning drawings for plumbing installation projects as well as a list of unit prices for building materials and labor in the East Java region in 2020. The planning stages carried out for clean water and dirty water pipelines are determining the water installation scheme used, calculating the number of building occupants. , calculating the amount of water demand, calculating the capacity of ground water tanks and roof tanks, calculating IPAL and septic tanks and calculating the dimensions of the pipes used. From the results of this planning is obtained the number of room occupants as much as 401 people with clean water needs of 69.109 m3/ day, the volume of black water generated at 45.72 m3/ day, and the volume of grey water by 16.32 m3/ day. The dimensions of the clean water pipe are ½ inch – 2 inch, the dimensions of the hot water pipe are ½ inch – 1 ¼ inch, the dimensions of the dirty water pipe are 2 inch – 4 inch, and the dimensions of the hydrant pipe are 3 inch – 6 inch. The capacity of ground water tank is 25 m3, the capacity of roof tank is 12 m3, the capacity of hot water tank is 4 m3, the capacity of septic tank is 50 m3 and the IPAL’s capacity is 20 m3. Then the cost required for all installation work of clean water and black water systems for the construction of the Exindo Group Guest House Building is Rp 2.403.791.328.

Supply Chain Analysis for Water and Sanitation Technology Research Project (Case Study in Morotai Island, North Maluku Province)

Morotai’s sanitation and clean water technology is covering sanitation technology (bio filter, sanitary pond) and clean water (SPC, Reserve Osmose). This technology is ready to be applied in Daruba Pantai, Morotai, North Maluku and all of its technology originated from Java. Research problem’s focus on supply chain. Research objectives eager to see to what extent the supply chain of sanitation and clean water technology, from the technology producers which are mostly located in Java and the application location is in Morotai. The study of Supply Chain in Clean Water and Sanitation Technology Implementation using an applied based research approach. This study refers to scientific research and attempt to solve practical problems. The result of this study, any supply chain for four technologies in Morotai. The results consist of identifying supply chain components, determining network dimension structure that consists of three types dimension, determining type of business chain, and mapping supply chain. For the sanitation technology (bio filter), there are six certified bio filter suppliers and one of them will be selected as the supplier of the construction project in Morotai area. At the sanitary ponds technology, the constituent component/material can be retrieved from local suppliers in Morotai. For Simple Water Management Installation-Quick Sand Filter/SPC, the technology constituent component itself comprises of ground water tank, pump, roof tank, and Quick Sand Filter (made of fibre). This material is brought from the supplier named CV. Lusika in Bandung. Then, the RO technology constituent component is quite many comprising of water inlet valve, pre-filter, RO membrane, post-filter, automatic inspection valves, flow blockers, reservoir, faucet, and exhaust pipe. RO system unit is brought from the supplier called PT. Zeofilt Water Treatment that located in Bandung.

Analisis Kualitas Air pada Jalur Distribusi Air Bersih di Gedung Baru Fakultas Ekonomi dan Manajemen Institut Pertanian Bogor

One of the causes of the decreasing of water quality was the increasing of inappropriate human activities that caused water pollution. Cihideung River was being made as water resource in the campus area which the water have been used for a lot of activities in IPB Dramaga Campus. The purpose of this research were to analyze the clean water quality from the ground water tank (GWT) in Cihideung to the new buildings of the FEM, to compare the result with a national quality standard, to determine the criteria of clean water quality based on STORET method, and to analyze the influence of time and weather to the water quality. The parameters which had concentration below the standard were TDS, turbidity, temperature, iron, fluoride, chloride, manganese, and sulfate, and biological parameters like the total coliform/E.coli. The parameters which exceeded the standard were the value of color of 60 TCU in Cihideung GWT at rainy afternoon and pH of 6.38 in wing 1 sanitary at rainy morning. According to the US-EPA system, the water quality of distribution channels of FEM new building were classified into grade B, that meant light contaminated.Key words: distribution channels, quality standard, water pollution, water quality

The application of grey water recycling at Gayanti City Apartment, South Jakarta

This planning is aim to design the plumbing system at Gayanti City Apartment with a separate system or grey water recycling system so that the efficiency cost of the recycling system will be known. Clean water system from PAM JAYA DKI and recycle water system from grey water that distributed to Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) to be treated and reused for flushing closet and watering plants are designed for this apartment. The amount of the clean water needed is 116.6 m3/day and the amount of the recycle water needed is 18.64 m3/day. Water supply system that applied to this apartment is roof tank system. Calculation of water consumption's fluctuations to determine the capacity of reservoirs and pumps are using Four Winds Apartment, Bellagio Apartment, Thamrin Residences Apartment, and Karet Kuningan Apartment as a comparison with the same criteria as the designed apartment. The capacity of the clean ground water tank is 123.5 m3and the recycle ground water tank is 12 m3. Transfer pumps work for 12 hour/day (1 time pause) and the capacity of clean roof water tank is 31.5 m3and the recycled one is 6.7 m3. Based on the chosen alternative in design, Gayanti City Apartment is using the first water supply system alternative that needs 18 stand pipes of clean water and 18 stands pipes of recycle water with 4 PRVs mounted on each stand pipes and booster pump installed for the top 6 floors. The amount of clean water needed is 116.6 m3/day and recycle water is 18.64 m3/day. Waste water produced is equal to 93.28 m3which 80% of it is the grey water that will be treated in Waste Water Treatment Plant into recycle water. Total amount of clean and recycled water investment and reservoir constructions is Rp. 1,637,227,201,- and percentage of clean water that can be saved from the application of recycling system is 18% with total efficiency cost Rp 233,932/day or Rp 7,017,960/month.

Design of drinkable tap water system at X Apartment, Jakarta

This design aims to contrive a plumbing system X Apartment, Jakarta with a separate clean water and drinking water system. Water supply system that applied to this apartment is roof tank system. Fluctuations in the use of clean water are used to determine the capacity of reservoirs and pumps using the equivalent apartments such as The Bellagio Residence Apartment, Four Winds Apartment, Tamansari Sudirman Apartment, and Setiabudi Residence Apartment. Total demand for clean water for the 1st and 2nd tower is 315.8 m3/day and 39 m3/day for drinking water with 216 m3 of ground water tank capacity. Transfer pumps work for 12 hour/day and the capacity of clean water roof tank for the 1st and 2nd tower are 67.5 m3 while for drinking water roof tank are 7.2 m3. System that has been chosen used 2 stand pipes for both clean water, drinking water, and booster pumps in each tower. This design concluded that The investment cost of clean water and drinking water system and also the construction of X Apartment reservoirs is Rp. 2.393.889.860 and the cost of drinking water that can be saved by residents when using drinkable tap water system is Rp. 874.656 per m3.

DESIGN OF PLUMBING SYSTEM AT TUNJUNGAN PLAZA APARTMENT, SURABAYA

Aim: This study of plumbing system plan is aimed at planning a plumbing system that is compatible with clean water, waste water and rain water management at Tunjungan Plaza apartment, Surabaya City, Indonesia according to SNI 8153-2015, and meet 5 aspects of safety, security, simplicity, beauty, and economy. It applies water supply system which commonly used for tall buildings, namely Roof Tank system. Methodology and Result: Plumbing system planning methods are collecting and analyzing fluctuation in water use, planning clean water and recycled water systems by endorsing alternative piping for clean water and recycled water. In addition to water supply, recycled water system that utilizes waste water to be recycled for flushing closets and watering plants also required to be implemented. Average daily water consumption is 268 m3/day for clean water and 44 m3/day for recycled water with the capacity of ground water tank for clean water is 564.54 m3 and recycled water is 62 m3. Conclusion, significance and impact study: Clean water supply system will implement roof tank system and recycled water will reutilize wastewater for flushing on toilet tank and watering the plants. Waste water use separated system between grey water and black water and then distributed to STP to be treated and reused for flushing water closet and watering plants. Rain water goes to infiltration well by gravity through designed 1 well. Total amount of investment of plumbing equipment is Rp 2,157,697,501,- with cost of water supply per unit Rp 4,445,643,- meanwhile waste water piping cost per units is Rp 1,070,711,-.