Gross Motor Development In Infants Research Articles

The double burden of malnutrition and gross motor development in infants: A cross-sectional study

The objective of the present work was to study the relationship between the double burden of malnutrition and gross motor development in infants. ology: Sample included 5900 infants under 24 months of age, participants of the ENSANUT-ECU study. To evaluate nutritional status, we calculated z-scores for body mass index/age (BAZ) and height/age (HAZ). Six gross motor milestones were considered: sitting without-support, crawling, standing and walking with-support, standing and walking without-support. Data was analysed using logistic regression models in R. Independently form age, sex and other socio-economic factors, the probability of achieving three gross motor milestones was significantly lower among chronically undernourished infants compared to their peers: sitting without-support, crawling, and walking without-support. Compared to no malnourished infants the probability of sitting without-support at six months was 10% lower for chronically undernourished infants (0.70, 95%CI [0.64-0.75]; 0.60, 95%CI [0.52-0.67]; respectively). The probability of crawling at eight months and walking without-support at 12 months were also significantly lower among chronically undernourished infants (0.62, 95%CI [0.58-0.67]); 0.25, 95%CI [0.20-0.30]; respectively) in comparison to no malnourished infants (0.67, 95%CI [0.63-0.72]); 0.29, 95%CI [0.25-0.34]; respectively). Obesity/overweight was not associated with the achievement of gross motor milestones, except for sitting without-support. Chronically undernourished infants with low or high BMI/age were generally delayed in the achievement of gross motor milestones than their peers. Chronic undernutrition is related to delayed gross motor development. Public health measures are needed to be implemented to prevent the double burden of malnutrition and its detrimental effects on infant development.

Pengaruh Baby Gym Pada Perkembangan Motorik Kasar Bayi Usia 3-4 Bulan

The growth and development of infants is a golden period which is also a critical period in a person's development in early life at the age of 0-12 months. Motor development disorder is a disorder that causes developmental delays due to many things, including abnormalities in muscle tone and lack of stimulation for the baby. In Indonesia alone, there are 5-10% of children are estimated to experience developmental delays. At the simultaneous weighing of toddlers in Demak in 2020 it was found that out of 97,129 toddlers, there were 7.71% experienced developmental delays. Data from the Guntur 1 Demak Health Center from 2021 to June states that the number of babies aged 0-12 months is 523 babies. The lack of knowledge of the baby's parents about growth and development and the little stimulation given to the baby both from caregivers and from the baby's parents makes most babies experience developmental delays. One of the efforts to reduce the number of developmental disorders is by providing Baby Gym stimulation. In infants, Baby Gym is a form of exercise to help stimulate the growth and development of the baby's nervous and motoric systems optimally. This study aimed to determine the effect of the baby gym on gross motor development in infants aged 3-4 months at the Guntur I Health Center in Demak. This study used a quasi-experimental approach with a one-group pre-test and post-test research design. The sampling technique here is based on the purposive sampling method, with a population of 28 babies and a total sample of 16 babies. Based on bivariate analysis using the Wilxocon correlation test, it was obtained a p-value of 0.000 <0.05, it can be concluded 'that there is an effect of differences in gross motor development of infants aged 3-4 months before and after being given a baby gym at the Guntur I Health Center in Demak". The Effect of Baby Gym on Gross Motor Development in Infants Aged 3-4 Months at the Guntur I Health Center in Demak.

PENGARUH PIJAT BAYI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PERKEMBANGAN MOTORIK KASAR PADA BAYI USIA 0-3 BULAN

Baby massage is a form of stimulus given by the midwife to stimulate the baby's gross motor development. Several internal and external factors can affect gross motor development in infants. This study uses a quantitative research design, which uses the one group pretest-posttest design method, namely one intervention group without a control group, with a total of 17 infants as respondents, after 4 massages in 1 month an assessment using KPSP was carried out. The results of the T-test showed an increase in the appropriate category, while in the decreasing category there was a decrease in the value of sig. 0.018 and <0.05, it can be concluded that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, so there is an effect of baby massage on the baby's gross motor development.

Baby Massage on Gross Motor Development in Infants

Baby massage is very important for the baby's health. Especially if it is done by the parents themselves. So the role of parents is needed in providing massage to babies The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of infant massage on gross motoric development in infants. This study combines the meta-analysis method, which is a statistical technique to combine the results of 2 or more similar studies in order to obtain a quantitative blend of data. There are 7 journals used in this study. Where the seven are summarized briefly and can produce conclusions related to the relationship between infant massage and motor development in infants. Based on the results of research from the seven journals, it showed effective results for stimulating baby's motor development, namely baby massage.

Impaired gross motor development in infants with higher PFAS concentrations

Industrial produced perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are environmentally persistent and found in humans around the globe. PFAS is transferred from mother to child during pregnancy and lactation and PFAS concentrations are high in infants. PFAS exposure in early life has been linked to a range of negative health effects.In the present study we have investigated PFAS concentrations in mothers (pregnancy week 18, 28 and 36 and six weeks, four and six months postpartum, n = 114) and in infants at six months age (n = 94), and studied the effects of PFAS status on infant gross motor development by Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) at age six months.PFAS concentrations declined in the mothers during pregnancy and postpartum period, and the highest concentrations were seen in infants aged six months. Parity was a strong negative predictor and fish intake a strong positive predictor of maternal PFAS status, while maternal concentrations of PFAS in pregnancy week 18 and months of exclusive breastfeeding determined the PFAS concentrations in infants at six months.Infants who scored below the median on gross motor development had higher PFAS concentrations than infants with a better gross motor development. Ninety percent of the women reported having fish for dinner at least once a week, with fatty fish as the most popular choice (72%). A higher maternal fish intake in pregnancy week 18 was associated with a poorer gross motor development in the infants at six months.Infant gross motor development is a marker of later cognitive outcome and our findings indicate that higher PFAS concentrations in young infants and maternal fatty fish intake may impair neurodevelopment.

Modeling a gross motor curve of typically developing Dutch infants from 3.5 to 15.5 months based on the Alberta Infant Motor Scale

BackgroundInterindividual variability in gross motor development of infants is substantial and challenges the interpretation of motor assessments. Longitudinal research can provide insight into variability in individual gross motor trajectories. PurposeTo model a gross motor growth curve of healthy term-born infants from 3.5 to 15.5 months with the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) and to explore groups of infants with different patterns of development. MethodsA prospective longitudinal study including six assessments with the AIMS. A Linear Mixed Model analysis (LMM) was applied to model motor growth, controlled for covariates. Cluster analysis was used to explore groups with different pathways. Growth curves for the subgroups were modelled and differences in the covariates between the groups were described and tested. ResultsIn total, data of 103 infants was included in the LMM which showed that a cubic function (F(1,571) = 89.68, p < 0.001) fitted the data best. None of the covariates remained in the model. Cluster analysis delineated three clinically relevant groups: 1) Early developers (32%), 2) Gradual developers (46%), and 3) Late bloomers (22%).Significant differences in covariates between the groups were found for birth order, maternal education and maternal employment. ConclusionThe current study contributes to knowledge about gross motor trajectories of healthy term born infants. Cluster analysis identified three groups with different gross motor trajectories. The motor growth curve provides a starting point for future research on motor trajectories of infants at risk and can contribute to accurate screening.

EFEKTIFITAS ASI EKSKLUSIF PADA PERKEMBANGAN MOTORIK KASAR BAYI DI SYAMTALIRA ARON, ACEH UTARA

&#x0D; Exclusive breastfeeding coverage in Indonesia has not reached the expected rate, which is around 80%. Exclusive breastfeeding is very important for the baby's growth and development. Babies who are exclusively breastfed and with good nutritional status have normal gross motor development. Breastfeeding exclusively supports infant growth, improves brain cell development, language development, and motor development of babies because breast milk contains various nutrients that can promote growth and brain development. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of exclusive breastfeeding on the gross motor development of infants in Syamtalira Aron, Aceh Utara. This study used a comparative design with a cross sectional approach. The number of research respondents was 92 respondents, with a total sampling technique. Exclusive breastfeeding data and gross motor development were collected using a questionnaire.&#x0D; In this study, it is known that the frequency distribution of exclusive breastfeeding is 37 people (37.5%), and 55 people (62.5%) are not exclusively breastfed. Data analysis used the Mann Whitney U. The results of the bivariable study showed that the exclusive breastfeeding group had a minimum value of 7 and a maximum value of 10. While the non-ASI group had a median value of 7 with a minimum value of 6 and a maximum of 10, the average ranking of the Exclusive breastfeeding group was 66.50 higher than the non-ASI group with a value of 33.05 and a p-value of 0.000. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that exclusive breastfeeding is better than non-exclusive breastfeeding for infants aged 0-6 months for infant development. Thus, parents are expected to pay more attention to their children in exclusive breastfeeding for 0-6 months of the baby's gross motor development.

Motor skills and later communication development in early childhood: Results from a population‐based study

Motor milestones in infancy are important developmental markers, not only for later motor skills but also for more widespread social, cognitive, and communication development. The aim of the current study was to investigate the relationships between fine and gross motor development in infants at 6 and 12 months of age and communication skills at 24 months of age. The Ages & Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-II) was used to measure gross motor, fine motor, and communication skills in a large population-based sample of 1,555 infants, recruited from well-baby clinics in five municipalities in South-Eastern Norway. Of these, 557 children had valid values of gross and fine motor scores at 6 and 12 months and for communication score at 24 months. The relationships between motor skills at 6 and 12 months and communication skills at 24 months were analysed using a linear regression analysis. Gross motor skills at 6 months were positively associated with communication skills at 24 months (coefficients 0.09, p = 0.036) and fine motor skills at 12 months were positively associated with communication skills at 24 months (coefficient 0.23, p < 0.001). We did not find clear evidence for a relationship between gross motor skills at 12 months and communication skills at 24 months (coefficient 0.05, p = 0.126) or between fine motor skills at 6 months and communication skills at 24 months (coefficient 0.08, p = 0.098). The present study supports previous research showing associations between early motor development and later communication development in infancy. Targeted intervention should be considered with at-risk infants.

REHABILITATION OF INFANTS AFTER TRANSTIBIAL AMPUTATION DUE TO THROMBOSIS IN THE PERINATAL PERIOD. CASE REPORT

Congenital thrombosis and amputation in infancy is not common. Therefore, the existing literature lacks sufficient evidence regarding this subject. Available research primarily focuses on treatment and causes of thrombosis in children. The paper describes a case of preterm infant after transtibial amputation due to common iliac artery thrombosis during the perinatal period. The girl began neurodevelopmental therapy based on normal development patterns of infants, which was provided three times a week for 45 minutes. The rehabilitation process also included prosthesis and surgical interventions. The assessment of motor development of the child was carried out at the age of 6, 9, 12, 18 and 20 months, using the motor scale of the Albert Infants Motor Scale (AIMS). Case analysis allows to state that infant rehabilitation after transtibial amputation should be individualized, and focus on supporting normal motor development, based on the correct movement sequences of infants. Additionally, the AIMS scale can be used to assess the gross motor development in infants after amputation and is useful in formulating early therapeutic intervention. A prosthetist should perform prosthesis revisions as often as needed, i.e., in infants that is usually every 4 months. What is more, successful outcomes can be achieved by implementing proper surgical procedures regarding the appositional overgrowth of the residual limb in growing children.

Survey on gross motor development of infants in nine cities of China in 2015

Objective: To analyze the current situation of gross motor development of infants in nine cities of China and their relationship with physical growth. Methods: Healthy full-term infants aged 1-24 months were investigated by cross-sectional survey, which was carried out in nine cities (Beijing, Harbin, Xi'an in northern, Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuhan in central, and Guangzhou, Fuzhou, Kunming in southern regions of China) from June to October in 2015. Subjects were grouped into 12 age groups (1-<2, 2-<3, 3-<4, 4-<5, 5-<6, 6-<8, 8-<10, 10-<12, 12-<15, 15-<18, 18-<21, 21-<24 months). Gross motor development of infants was examined by fieldworkers and the information on parental education, family income and birth status were obtained by questionnaire. Weight, length and head circumference was measured by fieldworkers according to standard methods in the fields and their Z scores were calculated by using WHO growth standard. Z scores of weight (WZ), length (LZ) and head circumference (HCZ) <-2 s was considered as lower group, -2 s-<-1 s as medium-lower group, -1 s-1 s as medium group, 1 s-<2 s as medium-higher group and ≥2 s as higher group. The age of gross motor development was calculated by Probit regression analysis and χ(2) test was used for comparison of categorical data. Results: (1) The number of infants whose gross motor development was examined were 88 968 in the nine cities. The proportion of achievement of motor development became larger with the chronological age, i.e. it was 11.1% (800/7 236) at 5-<6 months, 65.2% (4 921/7 545) at 6-<8 months and 98.5% (7 417/7 531) at 8-<10 months for sitting alone without support. There was no gender difference in the proportion of achievement of sitting alone without support, hand-knee crawl, stand alone and walk alone (χ(2)=2.873, 0.275, 0.250, 0.576, all P>0.05). (2) The median age of achievement of sitting alone without support, hand-knee crawl, stand alone, walk alone was respectively 5.9, 7.8, 10.8, 13.0 months, and their ranges from 1(st) to 99(th) percentile were respectively 4.2-8.3 months, 4.9-12.6 months, 7.6-15.4 months, 9.8-17.4 months. The gender difference of median age of gross motor development was 0.0-0.1 months and their regional difference was 0.0-0.7 months. (3) In the lower weight group, their median age of sitting alone without support and walk alone were 0.2-0.6 months later than the medium weight group, while their median age of hand-knee crawl and stand alone were similar to those of the medium weight group. In higher weight group, the median age of sitting alone without support and stand alone were similar to that of the medium weight group, while their median age of hand-knee crawl was 0.3 later months and their median age of walk alone was 0.3 months earlier than that of the medium weight group. There was no significant relationship between length and the age of sitting alone or standing alone (the difference was 0.0-0.2 months in each group). The median age of hand-knee crawl and walk alone was 0.4-0.7 months later in lower length group than in other length groups. The median age of gross motor development was similar among different head circumference groups (0.0-0.2 months). The relationship between weight/length and motor development was similar to that between weight and motor development. Conclusions: There were no gender difference and slightly regional difference in the age of achievement of gross motor skills. The percentile age of gross motor skills helps to understand the population variation in healthy infants. The gross motor development is related with weight, length and body proportion.

Concurrent Validity Between Live and Home Video Observations Using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale.

Serial assessment of gross motor development of infants at risk is an established procedure in neonatal follow-up clinics. Assessments based on home video recordings could be a relevant addition. In 48 infants (1.5-19 months), the concurrent validity of 2 applications was examined using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale: (1) a home video made by parents and (2) simultaneous observation on-site by a pediatric physical therapist. Parents' experiences were explored using a questionnaire. The intraclass correlation coefficient agreement between live and home video assessment was 0.99, with a standard error of measurement of 1.41 items. Intra- and interrater reliability: intraclass correlation coefficients were more than 0.99. According to 94% of the parents, recording their infant's movement repertoire was easy to perform. Assessing the Alberta Infant Motor Scale based on home video recordings is comparable to assessment by live observation. The video method is a promising application that can be used with low burden for parents and infants.

Gross motor development of infants using home-video registration with the AIMS (GODIVA): research in collaboration with education and clinical practice

Gross motor development of infants using home-video registration with the AIMS (GODIVA): research in collaboration with education and clinical practice

The Spanish version of the Alberta Infant Motor Scale: Validity and reliability analysis

Objectives: Validity and reliability of the cross-cultural adaptive translation of the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS), to monitor gross motor development in infants from 0 to 18 months of age, were evaluated. Methods: A cross-cultural translation was used to generate a Spanish version of the AIMS. Fifty infants at risk or with diagnosis of motor delay, 0–18 months of age, participated in this study. Two independent physical therapists scored infants on the AIMS. Concurrent validity was tested using the AIMS and the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development – III (Bayley – III). Results: Reliability and the internal consistency were high (ICCs ranged from 0.94 to 1.00 and KR-20 ranged from 0.90 to 0.98, respectively). AIMS and Bayley – III scores correlated strongly (r = 0.97). Conclusion: The Spanish version of the AIMS presented excellent validity and reliability. Further studies are suggested in order to assess the AIMS in preterm babies.

Assessment of gross motor development of infants based on video recordings made by parents

Assessment of gross motor development of infants based on video recordings made by parents

Gross motor development is delayed following early cardiac surgery

To describe the gross motor development of infants who had undergone cardiac surgery in the neonatal or early infant period. Gross motor performance was assessed when infants were 4, 8, 12, and 16 months of age with the Alberta Infant Motor Scale. This scale is a discriminative gross motor outcome measure that may be used to assess infants from birth to independent walking. Infants were videotaped during the assessment and were later evaluated by a senior paediatric physiotherapist who was blinded to each infant's medical history, including previous clinical assessments. Demographic, diagnostic, surgical, critical care, and medical variables were considered with respect to gross motor outcomes. A total of 50 infants who underwent elective or emergency cardiac surgery at less than or up to 8 weeks of age, between July 2006 and January 2008, were recruited to this study and were assessed at 4 months of age. Approximately, 92%, 84%, and 94% of study participants returned for assessment at 8, 12, and 16 months of age, respectively. Study participants had delayed gross motor development across all study time points; 62% of study participants did not have typical gross motor development during the first year of life. Hospital length of stay was associated with gross motor outcome across infancy. Active gross motor surveillance of all infants undergoing early cardiac surgery is recommended. Further studies of larger congenital heart disease samples are required, as are longitudinal studies that determine the significance of these findings at school age and beyond.

Gross motor development in infants with bilateral profound hearing loss associated with GJB2 mutations

Gross motor development in infants with bilateral profound hearing loss associated with GJB2 mutations

The Relationship Between Awake Positioning and Motor Performance Among Infants Who Slept Supine

The purpose of this study was to describe the gross motor development of infants who slept supine and spent different amounts of time in the prone position when awake. Thirty infants who were six months old and slept supine were evaluated using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) and then divided into two groups: prone (n = 16) and no prone (n = 14) based on the number of times per day they were placed in prone position while awake. The prone group scored higher than the no prone group on the AIMS total scores (U = 36, p = 0.004), total percentile scores (U = 42, p = 0.003), and prone subscale scores (U = 25, p < 0.001). Gross motor performance as measured by the AIMS was more advanced in infants who slept supine and had been placed in the prone position when awake than in infants who slept supine but had limited or no experience in the prone position while awake. The influence of awake positioning needs to be considered when interpreting the developmental motor performance of infants who are six months old.

Gross Motor Development in Infants Blind from Birth

ADELSON, EDNA, and FRAIBERG, SELMA. Gross Motor Development in Infants Blind from Birth. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1974, 45, 114-126. Longitudinal study of patterns of gross motor development in a group of 10 infants, blind from birth and otherwise intact, showed: (1) neuromuscular maturation and postural achievements appeared within the Bayley age ranges for sighted infants; (2) self-initiated mobility and locomotion were delayed. From our related prehension studies we understood this delay to be associated with the normally late adaptive substitution of sound for sight as incentive for mobility. An intervention program that focused on human relationships, adaptive hand behavior, and coordination of tactile and auditory schemas resulted in advances in mobility for this group in comparison with another similar blind group.

Gross Motor Development in Infants Blind from Birth

Gross Motor Development in Infants Blind from Birth

An experiment in measuring gross motor development of infants and young children.

An experiment in measuring gross motor development of infants and young children.