Graphical User Interface Model Research Articles

Machine learning models for predicting water quality index: optimization and performance analysis for El Moghra, Egypt

ABSTRACT Assessing groundwater quality is vital for irrigation, but financial constraints in developing countries often result in infrequent sampling. This study comprehensively analyzes the groundwater quality of the El Moghra aquifer in Egypt's arid Western Desert, for its suitability for irrigation uses. Detailed hydrochemical analysis and advanced machine learning (ML) techniques, including geographic information systems, were employed to enhance spatial analysis and predictive accuracy. Various ML models, such as random forest, adaptive boosting, and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), were optimized using Bayesian optimization to predict the irrigation water quality index (IWQI) accurately. The evaluation incorporated visual and quantitative methods, alongside ranking analysis, to validate model effectiveness. Shapley Additive exPlanations feature importance analysis and a graphical user interface (GUI) model were developed based on the best predictive model. The results indicated that the groundwater quality is generally suitable for irrigation, with XGBoost showing the best performance, achieving a root mean square error of 5.602 and a determination coefficient (R²) of 0.872. Sodium concentration was identified as the most significant factor affecting the IWQI. The GUI facilitates easy prediction of IWQI, aiding agricultural water management and resource allocation within the region.

Cancer Radiomic and Perfusion Imaging Automated Framework: Validation on Musculoskeletal Tumors.

Limitations from commercial software applications prevent the implementation of a robust and cost-efficient high-throughput cancer imaging radiomic feature extraction and perfusion analysis workflow. This study aimed to develop and validate a cancer research computational solution using open-source software for vendor- and sequence-neutral high-throughput image processing and feature extraction. The Cancer Radiomic and Perfusion Imaging (CARPI) automated framework is a Python-based software application that is vendor- and sequence-neutral. CARPI uses contour files generated using an application of the user's choice and performs automated radiomic feature extraction and perfusion analysis. This workflow solution was validated using two clinical data sets, one consisted of 40 pelvic chondrosarcomas and 42 sacral chordomas with a total of 82 patients, and a second data set consisted of 26 patients with undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) imaged at multiple points during presurgical treatment. Three hundred sixteen volumetric contour files were processed using CARPI. The application automatically extracted 107 radiomic features from multiple magnetic resonance imaging sequences and seven semiquantitative perfusion parameters from time-intensity curves. Statistically significant differences (P < .00047) were found in 18 of 107 radiomic features in chordoma versus chondrosarcoma, including six first-order and 12 high-order features. In UPS postradiation, the apparent diffusion coefficient mean increased 41% in good responders (P = .0017), while firstorder_10Percentile (P = .0312) was statistically significant between good and partial/nonresponders. The CARPI processing of two clinical validation data sets confirmed the software application's ability to differentiate between different types of tumors and help predict patient response to treatment on the basis of radiomic features. Benchmark comparison with five similar open-source solutions demonstrated the advantages of CARPI in the automated perfusion feature extraction, relational database generation, and graphic report export features, although lacking a user-friendly graphical user interface and predictive model building.

Design and Application of Virtual Flexible Simulation Experiment Teaching Platform for Relay Protection

Abstract: Power system relay protection (PSRP) is a comprehensive course in electrical engineering undergraduate stage, which has a very strong engineering application. However, due to the influence of many factors, such as the power system security, high experimental cost, limited course hours, insufficient open conditions, and so on, traditional experimental teaching combined with hardware is difficult to meet the needs of students in various scenarios anytime and anywhere. Therefore, a low-cost virtual flexible simulation experiment teaching platform (VFSETP) is developed. The platform uses Simulink to build the simulation model of power system primary system and uses graphical user interface (GUI) to design the human-computer interaction interface. Through the communication between GUI and Simulink model, the protection experiments in various scenarios are successfully simulated. The VFSETP has many advantages such as simple interface, good visualization effect, and simple operation. The teachers can easily use it for classroom demonstration, and the students can use it for verification, analysis, expansion, and exploration of experiments in a variety of application scenarios without relying on the laboratory environment. This experimental mode is very conducive to the understanding of knowledge and the cultivation of practical innovation ability. The results of the student survey show that the design method and application mode of the platform can provide a reference for similar courses.

Modeling the Impact of Pandemic-Induced Shocks and Support Measures with an Emerging Market Economy

Purpose: This paper analyzes the impacts of COVID-19 shocks on an emerging market economy using a Graphical User Interface (GUI) model. Methods: Event study analysis has been adopted using secondary data for measuring the impacts and impulse responses of different shocks. Results: The paper shows how the shocks affect the economy using graphical presentations of impulse responses of major macroeconomic indicators. The shapes and movements of the impulse response curves indicate how the effects pass through from one sector to another; how long the effects may persist in the economy, and how much time will be required for recovery. All these simulations suggest that immediate supportive measures from both fiscal and monetary sides help recover the economy, although marginally due to the required higher costs stemming mainly from the higher exchange rate volatility. Implications: Several policy implications such as sector-specific support measures, prioritization of sectors, rationing of credit facilities, efficient exchange rate management, etc., can be followed by the countries regarding fiscal and monetary policy measures towards reducing COVID-19-induced similar shocks.

Research on Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition Based on BP Neural Network

The application of pattern recognition technology enables us to solve various human-computer interaction problems that were difficult to solve before. Handwritten Chinese character recognition, as a hot research object in image pattern recognition, has many applications in people’s daily life, and more and more scholars are beginning to study off-line handwritten Chinese character recognition. This paper mainly studies the recognition of handwritten Chinese characters by BP (Back Propagation) neural network. Establish a handwritten Chinese character recognition model based on BP neural network, and then verify the accuracy and feasibility of the neural network through GUI (Graphical User Interface) model established by Matlab. This paper mainly includes the following aspects: Firstly, the preprocessing process of handwritten Chinese character recognition in this paper is analyzed. Among them, image preprocessing mainly includes six processes: graying, binarization, smoothing and denoising, character segmentation, histogram equalization and normalization. Secondly, through the comparative selection of feature extraction methods for handwritten Chinese characters, and through the comparative analysis of the results of three different feature extraction methods, the most suitable feature extraction method for this paper is found. Finally, it is the application of BP neural network in handwritten Chinese character recognition. The establishment, training process and parameter selection of BP neural network are described in detail. The simulation software platform chosen in this paper is Matlab, and the sample images are used to train BP neural network to verify the feasibility of Chinese character recognition. Design the GUI interface of human-computer interaction based on Matlab, show the process and results of handwritten Chinese character recognition, and analyze the experimental results.

Lightweight Simulation of Air Traffic Control Using Simple Temporal Networks

Flight simulators are becoming more sophisticated and realistic, and the requirements of those using them are becoming more demanding. Air traffic control simulation for such simulators is now approaching the real problem of air traffic control, where several aircraft need to be scheduled for safe approach and landing or for safe passage through the air space that an air traffic controller is responsible for. Also, the computational resources available to dedicate to air traffic control simulation are sparse, given that most simulations focus on a realistic graphical user interface and aircraft physics modeling. We provide a formulation of the air traffic control problem and a solver for this problem that makes use of temporal constraint networks and simple geometric reasoning. We provide results showing that this approach is practical for realistic simulated problems.

Self-powered transparent and flexible touchpad based on triboelectricity towards artificial intelligence

Abstract Combining with an artificial intelligence and 5G technologies, the new era of Internet of Things (IoT) has been emerging. Hence, a human-machine interface (HMI) is becoming indispensable in IoT. However, conventional HMIs are suffering from limitations like, the requirement of power sources and structure-complexity. As a solution, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based HMI can be considered as an attractive alternative due to the self-powered operation of TENG. Herein, we suggest the self-powered triboelectricity-based touchpad (TTP) which combines with artificial intelligence consisting of TENG array (49 pixels) constructed on thin, transparent, and flexible substrate, as well as this TTP works based on two major kinds of TENG mechanisms in tapping and sliding modes. The tracing ability of the TTP is demonstrated with high accuracy. Furthermore, the TTP recognizes the digit patterns from ‘0’ to ‘9’ with classification accuracy of 93.6%, 92.2%, and 91.8% at the bending angles of 0°, 119°, and 165° through the pre-trained neural network. With the remarkable applicability of the next-generation HMI in IoT, the TTP is implemented as the smart calculator by using graphical user interface modeling. Considering its good compatibility, it can be expected to be a promising HMI in near future with practical IoT towards artificial intelligence.

Deep Learning-Based Mobile Application Isomorphic GUI Identification for Automated Robotic Testing

Fully black-box robotic testing is needed given the popularity of mobile applications. A critical constraining issue for generating graphical user interface (GUI) models is identifying isomorphic GUIs. We present a deep learningbased end-to-end trainable model to determine the similarity between GUIs and identify isomorphic GUIs.

Predicting Carpal Bone Kinematics Using an Expanded Digital Database of Wrist Carpal Bone Anatomy and Kinematics

The wrist can be considered a 2 degrees-of-freedom joint with all movements reflecting the combination of flexion-extension and radial-ulnar deviation. Wrist motions are accomplished by the kinematic reduction of the 42 degrees-of-freedom of the individual carpal bones. While previous studies have demonstrated the minimal motion of the scaphoid and lunate as the wrist moves along the dart-thrower's path or small relative motion between hamate-capitate-trapezoid, an understanding of the kinematics of the complete carpus across all wrist motions remains lacking. To address this, we assembled an open-source database of in vivo carpal motions and developed mathematical models of the carpal kinematics as a function of wrist motion. Quadratic surfaces were trained for each of the 42-carpal bone degrees-of-freedom and the goodness of fits were evaluated. Using the models, paths of wrist motion that generated minimal carpal rotations or translations were determined. Model predictions were best for flexion-extension, radial-ulnar deviation, and volar-dorsal translations for all carpal bones with R 2 > 0.8, while the estimates were least effective for supination-pronation with R 2 < 0.6. The wrist path of motion's analysis indicated that the distal row of carpal bones moves rigidly together (<3° motion), along the anatomical axis of wrist motion, while the bones in the proximal row undergo minimal motion when the wrist moves in a path oblique to the main axes. The open-source dataset along with its graphical user interface and mathematical models should facilitate clinical visualization and enable new studies of carpal kinematics and function. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:2661-2670, 2019.

Multidimensional test coverage analysis: PARADIGM-COV tool

Currently, software tends to assume increasingly critical roles in our society so assuring its quality becomes ever more crucial. There are several tools and processes of software testing to help increase quality in virtually any type of software. One example is the so called model-based testing (MBT) tools, that generate test cases from models. Pattern Based Graphical User Interface Testing (PBGT) is an example of a MBT new methodology that aims at systematizing and automating the Graphical User Interface (GUI) testing process. It is supported by a Tool (PBGT Tool) which provides an integrated modeling and testing environment for crafting test models based on User Interface Test Patterns (UITP) using a GUI modeling Domain Specific Language (DSL) called PARADIGM. Most of the MBT tools have a configuration phase, where test input data is provided manually by the tester, which influences the quality of the test suite generated. By adding coverage analysis to MBT tools, it is possible to give feedback and help the tester to define the configuration data needed to achieve the most valuable test suite as possible and, ultimately, contribute for increasing the quality of the software. This paper presents a multidimensional test coverage analysis approach and tool (PARADIGM-COV), developed in the context of the PBGT project, that produces coverage information both over the PARADIGM model elements and during test case execution (to identify the parts of the model that were actually exercised). It also presents a case study illustrating the benefits of having multidimensional analysis and assessing the overall test coverage approach.

Проведение итеративного динамического анализа приложений, предоставляющих графический интерфейс пользователя

This paper is dedicated to practical research in the field of automated testing and analysis of software that features a graphical user interface. Current tendencies in user interface development favour semi-automatic approaches that employ human experts to create and prepare test suites. The ever-increasing complexity of software leads to decreased effectiveness of these approaches, especially when one considers large amounts of computational resources available during development. We present a fully automatic approach to dynamic analysis of program graphical interfaces. Our approach is based on the open-source GUITAR tool, which we have identified among other industrial and academic tools as the one closest to full automation. While highly efficient, GUITAR nevertheless has certain drawbacks and limitations which might cause insufficient accuracy in modelling the graphical interface structure and its individual elements. In turn, these limitations lead to fragments of graphical interface not getting processed during analysis or cause incorrect (i.e. not reproducible in practice) test cases to be generated. Our contributions include a set of modifications: incremental graphical interface model generation, improved identification of graphical interface element attributes and side effects, and finally a test case generation algorithm that focuses on reaching unprocessed graphical interface elements to check their functionality and improve the model. We have tested our modifications on a set of open source projects originally checked by GUITAR developers and achieved positive results: increased precision of GUI structure model and theoretically can decrease number of inapplicable test cases. Finally, we discuss several potential improvements for future work, including, in particular, the use of dynamic symbolic execution methods.

Performance Prediction of DC Constant Flux Machine Using Optical Character Recognition

Optical character recognition (OCR) is the process of converting the image contains handwritten or printed text into computer readable text. In this paper, OCR implementation in predetermination of DC electrical machines performance have been proposed which helps us to create paper free environment in industries and educational institutes by providing the digital form of information about DC machines performance instead of knowing through printed data sheet or catalog. The MATLAB coding has been developed for recognition and predetermination process of DC Electric machine. The no load parameters of DC machine has been obtained from the name plate details/information brochure/data catalog of the DC machine and same has been verified by conducting the no load test. The required parameters have been written in a preformatted form in a plain white paper. The image of written paper is captured using a digital camera. The characters in the image have been recognized using OCR and recognized no load parameters are used to predetermine the machine performance using Swinburne's test. Graphical user Interface (GUI) model has been developed to make user-friendly.

An Observed Model Approach for Testing GUI Model Driven Interface in Water-Flow Model

Graphical-user interface (GUI) -based software applications are with the job of verifying that these tasks can be performed using the software; and that the software does not “behave badly”. A set of use cases with high-level descriptions is also given to the testers. The tester executes these high-level steps by using GUI widgets on which events can be performed. GUI testers are both automated and manual working with undetermined input spaces. The testers unknowingly miss the event sequences navigated by the GUI, and fail to realize its implementation which may allow the execution of some disallowed sequences. This thesis proposes Preemptive Regression Testing (PRT) an adaptive taxing move to address this challenge. Whenever a change in the exposure of any service artifact is detected, PRT recursively preempts the current setting of regression test and creates a sub-session of the current test session to assure lately identified changes in coverage by adjusting the precedence of the test cases in the test suite. Then, the execution will resume the sub session from the balanced location of the test cases. PRT terminates only when each test case in the test suite has been executed at least once without any preemption activated in between any test case executions. The new result confirms that testing water flow method based web service in the phase of such changes is very difficult and one of the PRT-enriched techniques will overcome the challenge.

TEORETICKÝ PŘÍSTUP K TVORBĚ UŽIVATELSKÉHO ROZHRANÍ SOFTWAROVÝCH SYSTÉMŮ

A graphical user interface (GUI) of any web-based object or classical structural enterprise business software constantly hasn’t lost its user importance. It really stays as a one of very relevant manners for a client communication with any contemporary developed software units (programs, applications, modules and Software Complex Systems). In addition to this mission, every GUI is regarded as a one of three considerable basic software unit layers. GUI units can be inherently positioned inside software units or we can separate them and construct a special GUI system over GUI units. Naturally, we have to define a manner of communication between software units and GUI units. This approach enables, on a system platform, to investigate not only structure and functionality of GUI units, but also relations among them. We can use the system platform on three levels, a theoretical level, a level of GUI modeling and a level of GUI development. Especially the theoretical investigation of the GUI system can bring for analysts and developers-programmers a new knowledge about the GUI units’ behavior and relations. It can equip them by very detailed information about formal tools concerning any GUI system functionality description and help them to improve a process of GUI system construction.

Propagation of P- and S-waves in initially stressed gravitating half space

The present paper contributes in studying the phase velocities of P- and S-waves in a half space subjected to a compressive initial stress and gravity field. The density and acceleration due to gravity vary quadratically along the depth. The dispersion equation is derived in a closed form. It is shown that the phase velocities depend not only on the initial stress, gravity, and direction of propagation but also on the inhomogeneity parameter associated with the density and acceleration due to gravity. Various particular cases are obtained, and the results match with the classical results. Numerical investigations on the phase velocities of P- and S-waves against the wave number are made for various sets of values of the material parameters, and the results are illustrated graphically. The graphical user interface model is developed to generalize the effect.

Analysis of OCR Design and Implementation for GUI Modeling

Many efforts have been taken to achieve automated Graphical User Interface (GUI) testing. The most popular way is model-based testing, which supports automated test case generation and execution. But building such a model is a non-trivial task, which usually costs the most work-load in the entire testing process. Most of the approaches about automated model deriving are dependant on the programming language or specific OS. In this paper, we proposed a new approach of GUI modeling using Optical Character Recognition (OCR), and technical poblems encountered have been analyzed in deatail. Case study shows that our approach is capable of analyzing most of the GUI windows, and generating corresponding model and hence eliminates the above constraint.

Modeling and implementation of a neurofuzzy system for surface mount assembly defect prediction and control

A high-speed surface mount assembly can reduce both production cost and time; however, it could allow an enormous number of boards to be built before a problem is detected. Therefore, early detection and assessment of a surface mount assembly problem is critical for cost-effective manufacturing. This paper proposes a neurofuzzy system for surface mount assembly defect prediction and control. Hybrid data from both in-process quality control database and from a fractional factorial experimental design are collected for neurofuzzy learning and modeling. Customized programming codes are generated for rule retrieval and for graphical user interface modeling. The proposed system is successfully implemented at a surface mount assembly plant, ll significantly improves plant throughput by the downtime reduction that is a result of a better defect prediction and control.

Toward support for hypermedia on the World Wide Web

As organizations rush to embrace the World Wide Web as their primary application infrastructure, they should not bypass the benefit of hypermedia support. The Web's infrastructure can serve as an interface to all interactive applications and, over time, will become the graphical user interface model for new applications. Ubiquitous hypermedia support should become the jewel of the Web environment. Through Web integration, hypermedia could become an integral part of every interactive application. With the proper tools to support hypermedia in Web application development, it will become second nature for developers and individual authors to provide supplemental links and hypermedia navigation. However, as organizations adopt the Web as their primary application infrastructure, designers may use Java and other tools to recreate current application functionality, and not take advantage of the Web's hypermedia-augmented infrastructure. If users, designers, MIS departments and organizations don't demand hypermedia support, hypermedia may get lost in the frenzy of Web integration.

Interactive Data Entry: Problems, Models, Solutions

Interactive data entry in a database environment has often required programming to create a user-friendly, intelligent interface. This applies in particular to historical dataprocessing. The historian draws his information from documents and has to cope with inconsistencies caused by relevant differences in time and place. Because most of the current database packages are relational, first, some basics ofthe relational model are reviewed to see how this model itself has contributed to interface problems. Next, because Microsoft Windows has put its stamp on the current database technology on the PC platform, it is discussed how far this graphical user interface model has improved the situation. Although the Windows shell has certainly contributed to solving interface problems, there are still areas where historians have to find their own way. It is argued that a model-based Iapproach,which defines and discusses solutions on a conceptual level first, would be desirable to prevent entangling in less relevant technical details. Finally, implementation is considered in the form of component ware.