Quality Graphics Research Articles

Examining the effect of locomotion techniques on virtual prototype assessment: Gaze analysis using a Head-Mounted Display

Improvements in the performance and graphical quality of Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs) have led to their increasing use in Virtual Reality (VR) for product presentation and virtual prototype (VP) evaluations. Various locomotion techniques in VR make it possible to move through a virtual scenario and approach the VP for evaluation purposes. The integration of eye-tracking devices into recent HMDs allows the trajectory and gaze behavior of observers to be reported during the evaluation, often more objectively than self-report questionnaires. However, very few studies have used physiological measures for the evaluation of products embedded in VR environments. Therefore, this paper offers a study in which 95 people evaluated three VPs of street furniture presented in their environment of use using Meta Quest Pro headset and explored through teleport and natural walking. The influence of the locomotion techniques on the ratings recorded using a semantic differential, sense of presence, cybersickness, and the role of eye-tracking in understanding gaze behavior while evaluating products' Areas of Interest (AOIs), are investigated. This study found no evidence that the way of approaching the product influences the evaluation of some of its features, overall product evaluation, confidence in responses, sense of presence, or cybersickness differently. On the other hand, this work evidences that the locomotion technique had an impact on how the user approached the products, which could significantly influence the viewing time of some AOIs. The study revealed that the most observed AOIs coincided with those parts closely related to important features, generally located at the top of the products, so paying special attention to these parts when designing and evaluating similar VPs is recommended.

Assessing family relationships through drawing: the Family Life Space.

The Family Life Space (FLS) is a graphic instrument that may aid the relational assessment of families. This interactive instrument involves all members of the family in a joint task, that of collectively making a drawing of their own family system and it allows the gathering of information related to the overall family organization. The FLS was originally conceived by Danuta Mostwin in the early 70s and used as an instrument for clinical intervention. After having been applied to several contexts, the present contribution aims at presenting the key indicators to use the instrument as a tool for assessing family relations. Specifically, the characteristics of the instrument that allow the gathering of relevant information at the individual, relational, and family level will be outlined. For each of these levels, the data regarding the quantity and quality of the elements in the drawing that define the family space (i.e., the number and graphic quality of the actual elements in the drawing) as well the quantity and quality of the relationships among family members and with their community at large (i.e., the number and type of lines connecting the various elements in the drawing) will be presented. The instrument can therefore provide useful insights on the following constructs: quality of life, power dynamics within the family, feelings of belonging, closeness and/or distance as well as conflict or acknowledgement between family members and the overall attitude family members have toward their context and the critical events they had to face. The application and complete potential of the instrument are further elaborated upon through the presentation of a clinical case. This case not only aids in comprehending the tool's usage but also enables the collection of psychological information about the family and provides a clinical interpretation of family relationships.

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF LOSSLESS COMPRESSION FOR IMAGES IN MOBILE RESPONSIVE WEB USING PARTICIPANTS’ OBSERVATION AND THURSTON RATING

Compressing graphic-related content and multimedia elements like logos, objects, banners, and image data is undoubtedly necessary for a mobile responsive website. In image compression, redundant and/or irrelevant information is eliminated whilst the leftover is resourcefully encoded. However, selecting the compression technique or choice of appropriate method in handling image compression requires caution so as not to toss away non-redundant information and relevant fragments of image files in a bid to compress. This study investigates the functional performance and variation of a lossless method for compressing images in the mobile responsive web. Participants-based experimental observation was adopted for research instrumentation, using the Thurston scale of rating to design a close-ended instrument for data collection. A simple clustering technique was used to select seventy-five (75) information technology and computing practitioners with a specialty in web development and graphic design from Ogun East Senatorial District in Nigeria; however, only fifty (50) practitioners were available as expert judges for Thurston rating on electronically administered research instrument. The results show average mean values of 3.78, 3.46, and 3.05 using decision rule in SPSS to validate the three research questions respectively, which depict distinct aesthetic effects and graphic quality of lossless compression, as well as notable improvement in web page size and browser loading time when using lossless compression for all images in mobile response website

Creation of a visually graphical quality management system of the Etalon enterprise in the aviation industry

Creation of a visually graphical quality management system of the Etalon enterprise in the aviation industry

Jump Hurdlers: an Adventure game based on 2D using Gdevelop 5

The more advanced technological developments in this modern era are, the more new games emerge with graphic quality that is closer to real life. The newest games which make the game graphics more real are indeed increasingly interesting and make the players switch to these more modern games and start to forget. 2-dimensional games that are flat or flat are only 2 dimensions. The 2-dimensional games that used to be a favorite in the 90s are starting to be abandoned, so this 2-dimensional based adventure game has been brought back to popularize the less interesting 2-dimensional based games into 2-dimensional games with a more modern appearance and graphic design with a flat design as the base. so that games like this will develop in the modern market and can compete with 3-dimensional based games. Adventure games can also be said to be games that give players the opportunity to analyze the game arena visually. This game also does not require players to have special abilities in completing a mission, but simply by defeating enemies, avoiding obstacles, and following the storyline in a game. game.

Ecoliteracy Content Based in Indonesian Language Teaching Material Development for Madurese Coastal Junior High School

Students must be equipped with environmental living skills to protect and preserve the environment through learning ecoliteracy content. The Madura coastal area is an area that has rich environmental potential so that it can support ecoliteracy learning as an effort to improve people's life skills. This research aims to develop Indonesian language teaching materials that contain ecoliteracy for junior high schools in the coastal region of Madura. This research is development research with a 4D development model consisting of three stages: defining, designing, and developing. The research results showed that the quality of the product produced was excellent (91,9%), consisting of content quality (95%), presentation quality (92,5%), language quality (89%), and graphic quality (91,1%). User response is also excellent, namely 89.5%. Teaching materials containing ecoliteracy can be used to foster environmentally responsible behavior and as a reference for using the coastal environment as a learning laboratory.

THE USE OF VISUAL SCRIPTING UNREAL ENGINE 5 IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ANDROID-BASED FPS GAME LEFT BEHIND

The popularity of Android mobile games in Indonesia is very high, but the majority of the games available are from overseas. Therefore, local game developers need to improve the quality of their products in order to compete with games that already exist in the Indonesian market. The purpose of the preparation of this research is to develop a zombie First Person Shooter (FPS) game entitled Left Behind which was developed using the Visual Scripting method and is expected to be an inspiration for developers in pouring their work by making quality games. This Left Behind FPS game was developed using Unreal Engine 5 as a game engine and later the game can be played on an Android smartphone. Unreal Engine 5 is an opensource game engine that was released in 2022 so that it can present high quality graphics. In testing the application, it is proven that the use of high graphics can be run on Android devices smoothly.

Individualized Virtual Reality for Increasing Self-Compassion: Evaluation Study.

Depression and anxiety are common and debilitating mental disorders with severe negative repercussions at both individual and societal levels. Although virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a safe and effective tool for the treatment of anxiety disorders, studies of the therapeutic application of VR to treat depression are more limited. The purpose of this study was to test whether a novel type of individualized VR (iVR) can be used to improve self-compassion and decrease depressive symptoms and to evaluate the usability and acceptability of this approach, as rated by participants. The iVR system was designed and developed based on the feedback obtained from a previous study, with improved appearance and feel of the avatar and enhanced graphical quality. A total of 36 young adult participants were recruited from a university community social media site. Participants were aware that the study was investigating a treatment for depression but were not recruited based on depression diagnosis. Participants were asked to complete 2 iVR sessions, spaced 2 weeks apart. At baseline and upon completion of each iVR session, participants were asked to complete validated measures of self-compassion and depression. Upon completion of both iVR sessions, additional measures were administered to assess participants' perceptions about the perceived usability and system acceptability of the iVR approach. Self-compassion was assessed at the beginning of session 1 (preintervention baseline) and at the end of session 1 (postintervention assessment). Owing to COVID-19 constraints, 36% (13/36) of the participants were unable to complete the follow-up iVR session. Self-compassion was assessed again for the remaining 64% (23/36) of the participants at the end of session 2 (postintervention assessment). Within-group analyses revealed that self-compassion was significantly increased at the end of both session 1 (P=.01) and session 2 (P=.03) relative to baseline. There was also a nonsignificant trend for depressive symptoms to be low at the end of session 2 relative to baseline. Both quantitative and qualitative participant data supported the iVR approach as being acceptable and usable. Although these data must be treated as preliminary owing to the small sample size and potential selection bias, the data provide encouraging initial evidence that iVR might be a useful tool to enhance self-compassion and reduce depressive symptoms, highlighting the need for randomized controlled trials in the future.

DinosaurVR: Using Virtual Reality to Enhance a Museum Exhibition

Museums featuring dinosaur fossils have always attracted the attention of the crowd. However, sustaining public interest in science becomes more challenging year after year, even for popular attractions, calling for changes in how exhibits appear in the face of new technologies. To enrich the user’s experience and enhance the exhibition’s attractiveness, we developed and evaluated an immersive and interactive Virtual Reality (VR) experience to integrate the Paleontology exhibition at the Câmara Cascudo Museum in Natal, Brazil. Experienced VR users were interviewed and reported, through software tests, that the system was stable and performed as intended without any noticeable issues that could affect the user experience. They also found the content adequate, except for the suggestion to include more information about Paleoichnology and the finding of fossil tracksites. The graphical quality received mixed reviews, with some participants suggesting improvements to the terrain, such as adding vegetation and enhancing lighting. They also noted that the experience would appeal to younger audiences, thanks to the novelty of VR technology and the accessibility offered by the museum. Improvements were made to the environment based on their feedback, including changes to the terrain and lighting. Additionally, we developed two alternative versions of the experience, one for multi-projection in a room and another without interactive elements. Our results indicate that the VR experience can be successfully integrated with the exhibition and has the potential to enhance museum visits. It can connect the audience with the actual fossils on display by using a dinosaur in the exhibition. It allows one to visualize how their region changed in the past million years. Finally, this experiment helped bridge the population from an unprivileged region with the science that is produced upon the fossils found in their context. Such knowledge broadens the public’s imagination and triggers a whole chain of development for the community around the museum. Our VR exhibition prototype showed great potential to amplify this mission.

Addendum to: “The response of aquifers to periodic forcing”, 18(3), 125–146, 1995

Even though the original paper (Townley, 1995) contained no significant mathematical errors, this Addendum has been prepared (i) to give readers access to 3D graphics that are of much higher quality than are available online, (ii) to provide access to Mathematica notebook files in both .nb and .pdf formats, that demonstrate the use of Mathematica to obtain the six published solutions and to produce high quality graphics and animations to illustrate the solutions, and (iii) to explain and correct a number of minor errors in the original paper, mainly in labelling of axes and curves in Figures.

Consumer perceptions of sustainability labels for alternative food networks

PurposeSustainability labels play a crucial role in providing consumers with quick and easily accessible information to assess the environmental, social and economic impacts of products. This research examines how different sustainability labels influence consumer perceptions and assessments of alternative food networks (AFNs).Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted three cross-sectional studies to explore consumer perceptions of sustainability labels for AFNs. The authors tested labels representing the three sustainability dimensions, labels of different graphical quality and different awarding bodies.FindingsConsumers did not differentiate between sustainability dimensions but assessed labels in a holistic manner. The overall rating of a label positively influenced perceived sustainability. Self-designed and professionally designed labels had a positive effect on the intention to buy from an AFN. Professionally designed labels also enhanced the perceived authenticity of the networks. Notably, the source of the label, whether self-awarded or awarded by an official body, did not significantly impact consumer perceptions. However, interaction effects revealed professionally designed labels had a stronger positive effect on purchase intention when they were self-awarded.Practical implicationsAFNs can derive benefits from using labels. Self-organized, non-profit AFNs are well advised to have labels professionally designed.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the understanding of the effects of sustainability labels for community-based AFNs, diverging from the traditional focus on individual products.

Visual Images on Medieval and Early Modern World Maps

This interdisciplinary research is focused on visual images on maps of the known world spanning from the medieval to the early modern period. Regardless of their purpose, which could range from ideological representations of the medieval world, as were O or T maps, to practical sailing maps like portolan charts and other early modern nautical charts of the (already known) world in a smaller scale, they carried the standard scope of geo-cartographic data and content. Besides, they offered a rich illustrative component of respectable graphic quality. This depended on the purpose of the map, as well as the geographical knowledge of its author on one hand and on the skill and expertise of its creator on the other. Through this short synchronic and diachronic overview of the iconographic elements of Old World maps, especially in respect to Croatian lands, some chronological continuities of cartographic presentation were revealed. The spread of ideas and ideologies communicated and disseminated by these will also be discussed.

Learning R for Biologists: A Mini Course Grab-Bag for Instructors

As biology becomes more data driven, teaching students data literacy skills has become central to biology curriculum. Despite a wealth of online resources that teach researchers how to use R, there are few that offer practical laboratory-based exercises, with teaching resources such as keys, learning objectives, and assessment materials. Here, we present a modular set of lessons and lab activities to help teach R through the platform of RStudio. Both software applications are free and open source making this curriculum highly accessible across various institutions. This curriculum was developed over several years of teaching a graduate level computational biology course. In response to the pandemic, the class was shifted to be completely online. These resources were then migrated to GitHub to make them broadly accessible to anyone wanting to learn R for the analysis of biological datasets. In the following year, these resources were used to teach the course in a flipped format, which is the lesson plan presented here. In general, students responded well to the flipped format, which used class time to conduct live coding demos and work through challenges with the instructor and teaching assistant. Overall, students were able to use these skills to practice analyzing and interpreting data, as well as producing publication quality graphics. While the modules presented range from very basic, doing simple summary statistics and plotting, to quite advanced, where R is integrated onto the command line, teachers should feel free to pick and choose which elements to incorporate into their own curriculum. <em>Primary Image:</em> R‐Mini‐Course: An Introduction to R. The primary image was generated with BioRender to be a small representation of the applicability of R that we cover in our course.

Implementation and Analysis of Motion Graphic Quality Awareness as Information Media at PT. Infineon Technologies Batam

Along with developments and advances in technology, industries need information media to increase their production by optimizing human resources. One of the information media that can be used is motion graphics. Therefore, the problem in this study is to implement awareness of the quality of motion graphics as an information media at PT. Infineon Technologies Batam and to find out the effect of motion graphics on changes in employee performance on quality awareness of information media. In this final project, the method of multimedia development is Villamil–Molina. Analyzing the motion graph is a quantitative method using the EPIC model. Respondents in this study arie employees of PT. Infineon Technology Batam. The results of this final project will be in the form of motion graphics in MP4 format as a media of quality awareness information and the analysis of employee interest in motion graphics quality awareness based on the motion graphics produced.

The Graphic Satire of Robert Minor and Art Young: Text and Image in Political Cartoons

ABSTRACT Graphic satire is a key site for the study of text and image in modern periodicals. Political cartoons assemble text and image into one unified form that conveys a message to its audiences in an immediate and powerful way. Often humorous, political cartoons rely on some previous knowledge on the part of the reader-viewer and are highly specific to the moment in which they are published. The graphic satire of two important radical political cartoonists, Robert Minor (1884–1952) and Art Young (1866–1943), is studied in this article. These two artists innovated in the aesthetic and linguistic strategies used in political cartoons, and published dynamic, compelling graphic satire in a range of radical periodicals in the first decades of the twentieth century. Their work for the socialist periodical the Masses is the focus here. The Masses innovated and experimented with graphic form, page layout, and quality of reproduction that made it a singular site for the reproduction of highly inventive graphic satire.

Measuring Objective Visual Quality of Real-Time Communication Systems in the Wild

During the outbreak of epidemic diseases, the importance of real-time communication (RTC) systems dramatically increases. People use RTC systems for communicating with others, presenting projects, attending online courses, and sharing videos. With different network conditions, applications, and scenarios, how to choose an appropriate system for high-quality RTC is an open question. To the best of our knowledge, there is no general and unified method to comprehensively evaluate the performance of the publicly available RTC systems. In this paper, we systematically evaluate several performances of RTC systems. Our method treats systems as a black-box, which can be easily adapted to other systems. Our method is also available for other video transmission systems, such as streaming and live broadcasting systems. According to our measurement method, we evaluate three web-based and three software-based RTC systems on two video conferencing (VC)-based and two screen sharing (SS)-based scenarios. We measure the received video quality (graphical quality and frame rate) at the receiver, the upload bitrate at the sender, and four usages of local resource. Furthermore, we propose a new metric to measure the ability of the system to handle insufficient bandwidth situations. Our proposed metric is the first one directly measure the ability of the rate adaptation mechanism for RTC systems. We expect the measurement method, the metric, and our findings can help system development in the future. Our detailed analysis reveals that (1) the software-based systems are more efficient than the web-based systems for bitrate usage; (2) the web-based systems are more tolerant to insufficient bandwidth conditions than the software-based systems; (3) the studied RTC systems currently are not designed for the scenario of sharing dynamic videos because of their low-frame-rate strategy, which limits the usage; and (4) decreasing graphical quality is more likely to be recognized than decreasing the frame rate. Frame rate adjustment for rate adaptation can be considered.

The Effect of e-Service Quality Dimensions on Behavioral Intensions of Accountants: The moderating roles of Ease of use and Emotional benefits

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships between two dimensions of electronic service quality influencing ease of use and emotional benefit in internet banking service quality, together with the subsequent effects on behavioral intention in Turkey. Methodology: Accountants who use internet the banking services of banks in Turkey completed a self-administered questionnaire. Data obtained from 206 accountants were analyzed using diverse data analysis approaches, including univariate analysis with descriptive statistics as well as multivariate analysis with correlation, regression, moderation analyses. Also, the initial results were tested using Partial Least Square (PLS) based Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach. Findings: The results revealed that Graphic Quality and Layout Clarity have a significant positive association with Behavioral Intentions, Ease of Use and Control and Emotional Benefit. Moreover, Ease of Use and Control is a significant moderator upon the relationship of Graphic Quality and Layout Clarity with Behavioral Intentions. Originality/value: This research uniquely investigates the subdimensions of the electronic service environment that influence the behavioral perceptions of accountants using internet banking services in Turkey, with outcome quality dimensions.

The new, LADM inspired, data model of the Dutch cadastral map

The Netherlands’ Cadastre, Land Registry and Mapping Agency – in short Kadaster – provides legal certainty about every piece of land (and water) in the Netherlands. Newly surveyed cadastral boundary geometry is documented in land surveying field sketches and processed in the nationwide cadastral map. Because of the different working methods since the start of cadastral surveying in 1811 (a nationwide cadastral map was available in 1832 when Kadaster was established) the map has a so-called graphical quality. The standard deviation of boundary points is 20 cm for urban areas and 40 cm for rural areas (in the national reference system), this implies that the geometric quality of the current map is insufficient for determining the exact parcel location in the field. With an increasing digitization and open data policy, multiple sources of information (including the cadastral map) are demanded to be accessible and usable by a wide range of users. This so-called geographical quality and its limitations leads to bottlenecks and incomprehension. This is the reason why Kadaster has started a program, the Cadastral Map Next program, aiming at the development of a methodology for the development of a new version of the cadastral map. The aim of this new version is that the location of boundaries is so accurate, that the boundary coordinates from the map are usable for a better approximation of the boundary location in the field and can accommodate future demands and developments. This development process is based on the use of the original field observations. For this purpose, almost all observations on all (historical) field sketches must be processed. There are about 5 million digitally archived field sketches. This is an enormous challenge that requires far reaching automation. The program has investigated whether it is possible to automatically extract the original (mostly handwritten) measurements from the field sketches and to combine this information and re-determine the location of the boundaries with a very high accuracy of boundary points. With the support of several companies, it has been possible to build a cadastral map with a known geometrical quality and verified accuracy. This accurate cadastral map is called ‘Reconstruction Map’, a working title for the cadastral map with known geometrical quality and higher accuracy. Once this map is ready and the involved parties agree, it will be introduced and presented as the ‘Cadastral Map Next’ and replace the current cadastral map. An important step in this process is to redesign the current data model from parcel level to the more specific boundary level to achieve an unambiguous connection between cadastral objects and its related survey data. A challenge in this process is that the current survey documents only describe changes in a parcel, thus different boundaries of a parcel are related to different survey documents. This challenge should be addressed in the new model. The new data model applies the sub-package ‘Survey and Representation’ of the Land Administration Domain Model (LADM), an ISO standard, for solid solutions in their design process. The basic structure of spatial sources, points, boundaries and parcels, all with their own identification, enables to store relevant data, like coordinates, quality descriptions and metadata, as attributes to these objects. Further new relations can be established while previous ones are maintained. The concept of the ‘Reconstruction Map’ and the ‘information layer’ (metadata) will bring new insights to establish new relations and so relate the different cadastral objects in a more dedicated way.

SteadyCellPhenotype: a web-based tool for the modeling of biological networks with ternary logic.

We introduce SteadyCellPhenotype, a browser-based interface for the analysis of ternary biological networks. It includes tools for deterministically finding all steady states of a network, as well as the simulation and visualization of trajectories with publication quality graphics. Simulations allow us to approximate the size of the basin for attractors and deterministic simulations of trajectories nearby specified points allow us to explore the behavior of the system in that neighborhood. https://github.com/knappa/steadycellphenotype MIT License.

The Advancement of Virtual Reality in Automotive Market Research: Challenges and Opportunities

Virtual Reality (VR) can play a key role in automotive marketing research, lowering costs and shortening the time to launch a new product. However, few VR applications support automotive customers’ experiences during the early stages of product design. This study aims to identify and characterize into attributes the challenges and opportunities for the application of Virtual Reality in car clinics through a systematic review of the literature and patents. We searched PatentScout, ScienceDirect, Springer, and IEEEXplore for studies published between the databases’ inception and July 2020. Of the 77,383 patents and 336,785 articles identified, 72 and 13 were eligible, respectively. We discovered that patents are strongly concentrated by a few inventors, that the United States has the most records, and that the most prevalent applications relate to devices for automatically reading responders’ emotions in virtual environments. The articles revealed sixteen categories of challenges and opportunities: cost, location to customers, flexibility in interactions, model transportation, depth perception, haptic perception, motion, movement perception/physical collision, color and texture, sound feedback, product interaction/manipulation, visual–spatial, graphic quality, intuitiveness, cybersecurity, and cybersickness. Virtual Reality may be used for automotive marketing research but key factors such as hardware and software specification, stimulus quality, and survey objectives must be considered.