Graphical Part Research Articles

МАЛА АЙДЕНТИКА ВУЛИЦЬ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ УПРАВЛІННЯ БРЕНДОМ МІСТ ТА ТЕРИТОРІЙ

Formulation of the problem. This has already become the norm for Ukraine, when the city takes an active position in the competition for tourist and/or investment attractiveness with other cities. A necessary component of this struggle is the city brand. The city brand is the result of – impressions received, whether from communication, from one's own experience, or from a combination of the first and second. One of the tools for strengthening and influencing the impression of being in the city is the small identity of the streets. The aim of the research determining the small identity of streets as one of the tools of brand management of cities and territories. The оbject of the research was the identity of the streets. By the small identity of the streets, we understand the system of symbols, designations, names, objects that a person meets while moving through the streets of the city. The methods of the research. Among the methods we used in the research, we can single out the method of scientific abstraction in the construction of the research concept and the formation of a model of the relationship between the design process of the graphic part of the city brand, the small identity of the city streets and the perception of the target audience of the city brand communication and urban space. They also used the method of office research, the method of analysis and synthesis when studying the theoretical developments of researchers in the field of city and territory branding. The hypothesis of the research. The lack of a small identity of the city's streets makes the city's branding ineffective. The management of the city's brand should be strengthened by measures to form an appropriate system of small identity of the city's streets. The statement of basic materials. A city working on its brand must have material confirmation of what the brand is talking about. The visualization of the city brand should reflect the identity of the city, embodied in various artifacts that can be found physically in the city – from souvenir products to architecture, events and selfie songs. If they are missing – they must be created according to the concept of the city brand. If they are –, they must be adapted to the concept of the city brand to create the prerequisites for effective branding. The originality and practical significance of the research lies in proving the need for active use of a small street identity in city brand management. The originality and practical significance of the research. The small identity of the streets has high potential as a tool for managing the city's brand. The method of its use in city branding, in our opinion, is the subject of separate studies.

Optimization of key joints

Key-joints are used in many drives and rotating elements in engineering practice. Nowadays decreasing the dead-weight of the structures is more and more important (in vehicle industry, aircrafts, etc.). This paper shows an optimization process for minimum weight design of key-joints. For the solution of the optimization problem a 3D grapho-analytical optimization process is used, based on the Kuhn–Tucker optimality criterium. During the graphic part of the process, three dimensional diagrams show the behaviour of the objective function and of the design constraints, which makes easy to read the optimum solution from the diagram. The final optimum solution is given in a table numerically too. For better demonstration, the finite element analysis of the three dimensional CAD model of the optimal joint is shown.

SOFTWARE FOR INTERPRETING THE RESULTS OF VERTICAL ELECTRICAL SOUNDING IN THE FORM OF A THREE-LAYER GEOELECTRIC STRUCTURE

By monitoring the state of the grounding system, electrical engineering personnel must independently solve the problem of interpreting the results of vertical electrical sounding (VES) of the soil using their own knowledge and practical experience. During the interpretation, outdated palettes or expensive software complexes are used, which allow analyzing only two-layer soils. This leads to a large number of errors and inaccuracies in the assessment of the state of the grounding system and worsens their operation. In this regard, a program was developed for the interpretation of the results of the VES in the form of a three-layer geoelectrical structure. The program is implemented in the Delphi programming language and contains two parts: computational and graphic. The computational part of the program uses point source current, Hooke-Jives, equivalence and reliability theory methods to optimize the determination of geoelectric model parameters. The graphical part allows the user to visualize the obtained results and perform their analysis. To confirm the reliability of the developed program, a comparison of the results of the experimental measurement of the resistance of the grounding arrangmants with the results of the calculation using the program was made for 65 substations with a voltage class of 35 kV of one of the regional energy companies of Ukraine. The obtained results showed that the program gives reliable results and can improve the quality of monitoring the condition of grounding systems, and accordingly increase the reliability and safety of operation of electrical stations and substations.

Machine-readable documents in building information modeling standards

Introduction. Since 2021, adoption of building information modeling technologies has become mandatory in constructing objects using information modeling technologies. Processes of constructing buildings and structures have remained unchanged over the past two years. The time-saving effect of digitalization in construction has not been achieved, and the need to develop information models of capital construction objects resulted in additional costs for manual identification of data in the array of regulatory documents and in ignoring most of the existing requirements. Standard technical documents, even if they are written for automation purposes, do not provide for possible automated data isolation when working with them.Aim: to develop methods for translating standard technical documents into a machine-readable format based on marking up documents with codes of a building information classifier.Materials and methods. The methodology involved analyzing the schemes of documents posted on the website of the Ministry of Construction, which have been issued after the requirements on mandatory use of the classification systems in the development of building information models were included into the Town Planning Code of the Russian Federation. The analysis provided for possible unambiguous identification of data between various XML schemes of documents and the availability of a building information classifier for interfacing with the graphic part of the design documentation made in the format of the information model of the capital construction object.Results. The author proposes rules for constructing text and tabular documents with the inclusion of codes of the building information classifier for the development of XML-schemes. Allocation and markup of the tabular part serve for separating the structured and unstructured parts of the document. The marked tabular part can be exported to CAD systems and can serve a source of software settings. Tables, information about the structured coded tables, and a section of terms and definitions that are used to form the machine-readable data are subject to coding.Conclusion. Machine-readable documents can be generated both at the level of national standard technical documents and at the level of company standards reflecting the current configuration of the software adopted for capital construction projects. A set of structured tables exported from the company standards and national standard technical documents can be adopted to replace the established approach to the formation of requirements for information exchange and project implementation plans using information modeling technologies.

EFFICIENCY OF THE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT OF THE MODERN ORGANIZATION

The relevance of the issue of the prospects for the development of financial management is due to the need for financial entities to look for ways to increase the level of forecasting stability in their activity in the conditions of instability in the temporary economic situation.In particular, it includes the implementation of both capital structure financing decisions and decisions on: profit growth policies; tactical financing policy such as initial public offering, financial restructuring and debt financing; short-term financial management, such as cash, inventory and receivables and others.In this regard, the main theoretical concepts for the formation of the financial policy of financial entities have been identified, by considering a certain temporary economic situation - after the Covid crisis and the subsequent inflation.The financial expression of the effectiveness of the applied financial management in the specified situation was examined.This implies determining the main categories of quality activity of financial structures.For this purpose, the definitions of the effectiveness and efficiency of financial management have been derived and adapted. The main differences in the two meaningful concepts, evaluating the activity of financial institutions, through a system of criteria and indicators, are specified.In addition, a research model is presented - a regression analysis of the inflation of the Republic of Bulgaria with a duration of 18 months and a regression equation is derived.A forecast of the inflationary trends of a type common to the country's economic entity with a duration of 6 months was carried out.On this basis, a method for determining the inflation coefficient has been derived, using a first-order equation and the slope, the tangent of the angle made with the abscissa axis and a certain point from the estimated inflation graphic part. With the help of financial mathematics, a practical example of applying strategies of financial entities to determine the effectiveness and mainly the efficiency in reaching the desired state of the said entity was solved.Conclusions and recommendations are made for reactions of a type of financial entity to reduce the negative consequences of sudden changes and sharp fluctuations of the business environment in the current temporary financial situation.

Последовательное проектирование многоуровневой информационной базы для инвентаризации земель

There is an extensive amount of research works in the field of land inventory. However, in modern scientific and technical literature, they do not deal with designing a multi-level information base for the inventory of agricultural land, a priority category of land. There is practically no detailed description of the database formation in existing papers. The aim of the work is consistent designing a bank of data for the agricultural land inventory. So, the authors discuss the procedure for carrying it out, provide an analysis of modern technologies in order to form semantic and graphical parts of the information base, and outline the features of its sequential design. The research methods of theoretical and empirical level were used. We have presented the automation for the process of entering data into the base using GIS technologies. As a result, the final outcome was obtained, a multi-level bank for land inventory. The approbation results of the proposed production are presented on the materials of the Pskov oblast.

Evaluation of the Occurrence of Initial Failures from Stress Concentrators in Welded Joints and Structural Elements

Introduction. Data on the occurrence of initial failures obtained through testing on standard samples cannot always be extrapolated to real welded joints and structures. This is due to the difference between the concentrators in the joints, because after welding there is a significant structural and mechanical heterogeneity of the heat-affected and stress concentrator zone. Extended, deep concentrators are considered as crack-like defects, at whose vertices a volumetric, multiaxial stress state is formed. The paper addresses the issue of constructing critical diagrams of the onset of the limiting state at the concentrator vertex, which depends on the level of external load and the theoretical concentration coefficient.Materials and Methods. Analytical methods were used to study the stress state. The literature on the topic was analyzed. The features of proven physical models and patterns of behavior of materials were taken into account. The characteristics of steel alloys were taken from open sources and summarized in a tabulated form. Nonlinear equations were solved in Matlab applications. The diagrams constructed by the authors enable to track the correlation of the dangerous level of the theoretical stress concentration factor and the level of external load. Curve Fitting Toolbox Matlab was used to design the graphic part of the work.Results. The characteristic of damage from stress concentrators in welded joints was given. The crack propagation in the fusion zone was shown. The conditions stimulating and inhibiting destruction were indicated. The theoretical stress concentration factor α𝑇 was specified. It was shown how this indicator depended on the width, the height of the seam and the thickness of the welded part. Acute stress concentrators with theoretical concentration factor αт= 5…14 and more were studied. For this case, an approximating formula was given that took into account the maximum stress in the concentrator in the first half cycle, the initial deformation, and the load ratio. Through those elements, an indicator of an increase in maximum stresses was set depending on the number of loading cycles. The flow condition, the stress state, and the overvoltage factor, which took into account the increase in the first principal voltage for a combined stress state, were analytically shown. A model of the critical state at the apex of an acute stress macro concentrator was described. It was presented as the dependence of the relative stresses of the initiation of destruction σн𝑏𝑐/σ0,2 on the concentrator. Possible variations of this model were analyzed. The dependences of relative values σ𝐻𝑏𝑐⁄σ0,2 on the theoretical concentration factor α𝑇𝑏𝑐=α𝑇 were presented. To check the physical adequacy of this model, graphs were constructed that reflected changes in the relative stress of the external load at a critical state at the stress concentrator apex. The inevitability of bifurcation as a result of the studied processes was validated. Two directions of further development of events were indicated: brittle destruction and loss of stability of the stressed state with the transition to an increase in plastic deformations. The moment of bifurcation was defined as a critical state in the focus of the concentrator.Discussion and Conclusion. The analysis and calculations performed within the framework of the presented scientific work enabled, in particular, to draw conclusions about the role of key factors of the processes under study. It was established, for example, that the operation of a steel alloy at a high theoretical stress concentration factor depended on the characteristics of the stress state. In a rigid state, it was possible to inhibit shear deformation and the onset of the limiting state at a lower value of the theoretical stress concentration factor. With the usual strength of steel (in comparison to high), a greater impact of the volume of the stress state on the value of the theoretical stress concentration factor was recorded. The probability of failure depended on the resistance of the material to the growth of a macrocrack. In future research, it is possible to refine analytical models and results, evaluate effective stress concentration factors.

Технология создания цифровой карты сельскохозяйственных угодий на территории сельскохозяйственных организаций Ленинградской области с применением QGIS

The article deals with the technology of creating a digital map of agricultural lands in QGIS in order to form an information base on their state in individual farms. As a result of the conducted research, the authors identified the main stages of creating a digital map, defined key tasks at the stage of spatial reference of raster images and proposed ways to solve them. We developed an algorithm for creating an attribute table using the Python programming language, which enables avoiding errors in the process of filling in the semantic part of the generated information base. The main tools for digitizing raster images are highlighted, and in order to identify mistakes in the process of forming its graphical part, a topological editing module is to be used. The obtained research results can be helpful for the executive authorities of the Russian Federation subjects, local self-government bodies to make decisions in the field of land and property management of a separate entity.

Image communication and contemporary visualisation in the popularisation of archaeology

In modern society where images begin to play a dominant role in the cognitive process, the use of visualisation as a carrier of information about archaeological research becomes more and more important. The main aim of this article is to consider visualisation as a method of education and protection of cultural heritage, as well as the role of image communication in popularising archaeology. These issues will be subject to a critical discussion in terms of advantages, possibilities and challenges resulting from the use of 3D reconstruction of prehistoric objects in museology, the Internet and popular science publications. In order to understand the idea of image communication in popularising the archaeological heritage better, an example of visualisations comprising a graphic part of museum exhibitions will be presented.

Selected aspects of the digitisation of spatial planning in the context of legislative changes in Poland

Digitisation of spatial planning can be considered multi-dimensionally. The more comprehensive the approach, the better the solutions will be. The idea of a step-by-step approach should bring the best end result. The obligation to create spatial data, which was introduced in Poland, in a way, forced municipalities or urban planners to acquire knowledge and skills in geoinformation and GIS software. The main objective of this article is to present the assumptions and propose a framework and further stages of digitisation of spatial planning in Poland. The specific objective is to present the legislation in the process of digitisation of spatial planning, which has been initiated or significantly modified by the author, and the procedure of which has started or was ongoing in the Department of Spatial Planning within the Ministry of Economic Development and Technology in June 2021. Thus, in addition to the implemented measures, the author also indicates the potential and benefits for urban planners, resulting from the creation of the graphic part of acts in vector form, but also outlines the importance of such studies for various groups of recipients and public administration. At the same time, the people for whom any solution is created – the general public – should not be forgotten.

EFFICIENT USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES TO AUTOMATE THE TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION PREPARATION

Purpose. The article purpose is to analyze and solve the problem of intensification and automation of the graphic part preparing process of the transport infrastructure technical documentation for enterprises and structural divisions of rail and road transport. Methodology. It is important for solving the problem to single out from the numerous factors that affect on the drawing creation duration, those critical operations that take a significant amount of time, and wherein are performed mainly manually. It allows to intensify these operations by replacing the maximum number of manual routine actions with their automated execution. When creating a graphical part of technical documentation for transport objects, such a critical operation is usually the actual process of preparing a number of drawings that require the construction of a large number of graphic elements that can be automated using basic knowledge of the MS Excel, the Autodesk AutoCAD design system, and the MS Word. Results. To illustrate the effectiveness of the intensification and automation of the technical documentation graphic part preparing process, statistical processing of expert estimates of the construction duration of the railway track longitudinal profile with a different number of elements and control points, which should be taken into account when drawing, was performed. Practical significance. Due to significant duration of some drawings creation the use of the described software package allows significantly speed up not only the process of preparing the graphic part of the technical documentation of the transport infrastructure, but also the process of creating an explanatory note.

DAMQT 3: Advanced suite for the analysis of molecular density and related properties in large systems

A new version of the DAMQT package specially developed for large systems is reported. The graphical part has been entirely redesigned, using new OpenGL libraries (versions 3.3 or higher) for 3D display. Several 2D plotters and 3D viewers can be launched now in the same session and more than one molecule can be loaded in the same 3D window. Algorithms have been rescaled and modified to work with densities coming from ZDO computations in very big molecular systems (up to thousands of atoms) at a very moderate cost. New functionalities have been added including computation of molecular electrostatic potential over a molecular surface determined as a user-defined density isosurface. The method of Electrostatics for Intermolecular Complexation has been added to the package to serve as an auxiliary tool for cluster geometry optimization. Examples are provided which prove the good performance of the algorithms. Program summaryProgram Title: DAMQT_3CPC Library link to program files:https://doi.org/10.17632/2rxvgbsnhx.2Licensing provisions: GPLv3Programming language: Fortran90, C++ and PythonSupplementary material: Quick-start guide and User's manual in PDF format included in the package. User's manual is also accessible from the GUI.External routines/libraries: Qt (5.10 or higher), OpenGL (3.3 or higher), ffmpeg (3.4 or higher), OpenBabel (2.3 or higher, optional)Nature of problem: Analysis and visualization of the molecular electron density, electrostatic potential, critical points, gradient paths, atomic basins, electric field and Hellmann-Feynman forces on nuclei, clusters optimization with EPIC.Solution method: Molecular electron density is partitioned into (pseudo)atomic fragments by means of the method of Deformed Atoms in Molecules [1]. Electron densities of the fragments are expanded as a series of spherical harmonics times radial factors. The partition is used for defining molecular density deformations and for the fast calculation of several properties associated with density, including electrostatic potential, electric field and Hellmann-Feynman forces over nuclei. Exploration of density and potential topology is facilitated, and the computation of electrostatic potential over an isodensity surface is implemented. Cluster optimization facility with EPIC is also implemented.Additional comments including restrictions and unusual features: Density matrix must come from an LCAO calculation (any computational level) with spherical (not Cartesian) Slater or Gaussian functions.The program contains an OPEN statement to binary files (stream) in several files. This statement does not have a standard syntax in Fortran 90. Two possibilities are considered in conditional compilation: Intel's ifort and Fortran2003 standard. This latter is applied to compilers other than ifort (gfortran uses this one, for instance).

QUANTIFICATION OF INFORMATION AS A BASIS FOR DATABASE CONSTRUCTION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF STANDARDS FOR METAL PRODUCTS)

Determining the amount of information contained in standards is the key issue in the application of digital technologies in the field of practical standardization. Since the practice of developing standards is based on the use of reference standards, the process of updating standards is largely difficult. Digitalization as an activity to present information in the form of numerical data or mathematical models should take into account the specifics of the construction and presentation of the documentation text. Since the structure of standards can contain not only a text part, but also a graphic part, therefore, for their digitalization, it is necessary to use an alphabetical approach using the Shannon formula. Using the alphabetical approach it is possible to calculate the size of the information contained in the standards of various types and categories. In the article, on the example of the GOST 21073.1‒75 standard “Non-ferrous metals. Determination of the grain size by comparison with the scale of microstructures”, the application of the Shannon formula for calculating the amount of information is shown. For calculation the following was taken into account: Russian and Latin letters, digits and numbers, spaces and other characters available in the standard. An analysis was made about the amount of information contained in the current standards of subgroup 77.120.01 “Non-ferrous metals in general” of various periods of their approval. This line of research can be used as basics to adapt the known techniques for building databases and electronic libraries of standards as well as a direction for the digitalization of regulatory and technical documents, taking into account the specifics of presenting information about the requirements regulated in them.

Discrete event simulation model of the railway station

The paper considers the issue of simulation modeling of the railway station operation. For this, a discrete event simulation model of the movement of passengers and trains has been developed. The architecture and content of the model, its interface and graphic part are described. The main goal of this work is to develop algorithms that allow increasing the detail level of agents’ behavior in the model. To achieve this goal, algorithms for the arrival of trains and navigation of passenger flows in the station building have been developed. To test the proposed algorithms, a discrete event simulation model was developed. As a simulated object, the Baltiysky railway station (St. Petersburg) was chosen. Based on the scale scheme of the station, a simulation model has been developed to assess the adequacy of the proposed solutions. The following tools were used: AnyLogic software simulation environment, Java object-oriented programming language.

Zastosowanie geometrii wykreślnej w kształceniu architekta krajobrazu

The work of a landscape architect is an important element in creating a nature-and people-friendly reality. The efficiency of technical documentation preparation is an important skill that a landscape architect should be equipped with, along with the broad awareness and sensitivity of biological diversity. This article provides an overview of descriptive geometry as a tool that facilitates good spatial planning for a landscape architect. It also includes a handbook of basic representations of descriptive geometry, which is used by a landscape architect in the graphic part of technical documentation. This research can be useful in developing design skills that can also be used as a model for teachers of design-related subjects at both secondary and university levels.

Analysis of the development of fruit trees diseases using modified analytical model of fuzzy c-means method

The use of digital technologies in agriculture has become very important to ensure the protection of trees from disease and limit their development, which leads to increased production, so the paper proposes a modified analytical model to analyze the data and graphical parts of the leaves of fruit trees using priority fuzzy C-means (PFCM). Based on the proposed distance scale to obtain a clustering with a less error rate and fairly close to accuracy for the purpose of monitoring the development of diseases of fruit trees, by classifying the diseases and medications needed for each disease, a database was created containing large samples of data and images, where the results of Analysis of previous studies that analyzes of large amounts of data give accurate results. The proposed method was used in smart gardens with large areas and we got the desired results.

Организация единой утилизационной системы для транспортных средств на территории России

The problem of disposal of vehicles that had been decommissioned was raised. The assessment of the vehicle recycling system of European countries is given. The analysis of the age structure of the city fleet of vehicles according to Rosstat data for the end of 2019 was carried out. The problems of the current recycling system in Russia have been identified. In the course of the study, the order of vehicle types entry into a single recycling system was determined. The structure of recycling production based on foreign experience is described. The purposes of utilization capacities by sites and technologies of utilization are determined. A methodology for determining the rational placement of recycling facilities on the territory of Russia was developed, taking into account the criterion of the city size and the criterion of manufacturability. For the calculation part, the values of the potentials of the cities with the largest congestion of vehicles are used. The reasons for excluding cities of federal significance from further calculations are substantiated. The grouping of cities for the graphic part is reasoned. The parameters allowing to determine the appropriate location of shredder installations are revealed. The methodology takes into account the criterion of improving the socio-economic situation of small and medium-sized cities. The approbation of the methodology verification is presented and the results obtained for evaluation of labour resources are verified. One of the results obtained did not pass the population test, but an additional analysis was carried out.

Stress-strein state of weak and filled soils reinforced with reinforced concrete and soil piles, respectively

Introduction. The overwhelming majority of construction areas are characterized by difficult engineering and geological conditions, represented by the presence of weak soils at the base. There are construction sites on which a large thickness of fill soil is observed. In these conditions, designers apply: soil consolidation, soil reinforcement, significant deepening of the underground part of buildings, etc. This article presents the formulation and solution of the problems of interaction of reinforced concrete piles with weak soils, as well as the interaction of soil piles with bulk soils as part of a pile-slab foundation, which allow one to determine the reduced deformation modulus and the bedding value.
 Materials and methods. To describe the change in shear stresses depending on depth, a law was adopted in the form τ(z)=τ0е–αz. The solution is presented by analytical and numerical methods. The results obtained were compared by the analytical solution of the problem with the results obtained in the PLAXIS 3D software package.
 Results. Regularities of the distribution of the total load on the pile-slab foundation between the pile field and the grillage have been obtained. The analytical solutions in the article are supported by the graphical part, performed using the Mathcad program. Numerical simulation of the problem was carried out in the PLAXIS 3D software package. The dependence of the settlement on the load, calculated by analytical and numerical methods, is shown. An expression is obtained for defining the stresses in different sections of the pile shaft and under the grillage slab. The theoretical and practical aspects of the construction of crushed stone piles are considered. The theoretical substantiation of compaction of bulk soils with crushed stone piles using a special technology is given. A dependence is obtained for determining the reduced modulus of deformation for bulk soil mass reinforced with soil piles.
 Conclusions. Comparative evaluation of the results of solutions obtained by analytical and numerical methods showed good convergence. The solutions obtained can be used to preliminary determination of the settlement of piles as part of a pile-slab foundation. Selection of the optimal ratio of the pile length and its diameter allows the most effective use of the bearing capacity of the pile. For bulk soils, reinforced with soil piles, it is possible to select the optimal reduced modulus of deformation by varying the pitch of the soil piles.

INTERACTION OF LARGE PILES WITH A MULTILAYER SOIL MASS, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT HARDENING AND SOFTENING

This article discusses the formulation and solution of the problem of the interaction of a long pile with thesurrounding multilayer and underlying soils, taking into account the rheological properties of the surrounding soil mass. The creep process is considered taking into account hardening and softening. The problem was considered in a linear setting. The solution is presented by analytical method. To describe the creep process, the rheological parameters of hardening and softening were used. An expression is obtained for finding the reduced shear modulus for a multilayer soil mass. A dependence is obtained for determining the force on the pile heel on time, taking into account the rheological parameters of hardening and softening. Analytical solutions in the article are supported by a graphical part. The graphs of the dependence of the settlement of the pile, the force on the heel of the pile cutting through alternating layers, on time for various parameters of viscosity, as well as for variable parameters of hardening and softening are given. The solutions obtained can be used for preliminary determination of the movement of long piles with the surrounding multilayer and underlying soils.

MEANS OF VISUAL COMMUNICATION IN THE EXHIBITION OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE OBJECTS

There are many cultural heritage sites in Jordan that are important tourist attractions today. Given the popularity of Jordan’s cultural heritage sites, maintaining landmarks in good condition is becoming an important part of the tourism industry and a factor in creating a positive image of the country in the global context. An important role in this process belongs to the means of visual identification.The purpose of the article is to identify the importance of visual communication in the presentation and promotion of architectural heritage sites (on the example of Jordan).It is determined that information systems, which are represented by graphic design tools, are of exceptional importance for the design and promotion of architectural heritage sites. It is showed that the logo is one of the most important components in this process. The development of the corporate identity of architectural sites also involves the use of uniform design principles for all types of advertising products, research, and support of the exhibition. The presence of a graphic part is a specific feature of the visual identification of architectural heritage objects.Kеуwоrds: visual communication, architectural heritage objects