Graphical Method Research Articles

Empowered corrosion-resistant products through HCP crystal network: a topological assistance

Human computer interaction (HCI) aims to enhance product effectiveness and efficiency by empowering users. This research examines corrosion resistance in alloys, a concern due to technological advancements. Metals and alloys are susceptible to degradation, leading to functionality loss, structural collapse, and environmental contamination. Improving corrosion resistance is crucial for product efficiency. In this paper, HCI identifies requirements that emphasize taking an existing hexagonal closely packed (HCP) network, investigating the network for requirements in the form of vertices and edges, mapping different vertices and edges of the network graph with topological invariants, solving the network graph by invariants, and providing results for modeling and design of advanced networks and architectures. The HCI also ensures and investigates the optimization of results produced under the specifications. The study examines network graph results for irregularities, providing guidelines for engineers and manufacturers to create advanced alloy architectures with characteristics through mathematical and graphical methods.

The expanding scope of ship design practice

As the former International Chair of IMDC, the initiator of the continuing series of IMDC State of Art (SoA) Reports and the lead author of most IMDC SoA Reports on design methodology from 1997 to 2018, the author has both pioneered and observed an increasingly broader scope in the practice of the design of particularly complex vessels. The paper commences with reviewing some key publications, not just to recent IMDCs, that have tracked the manner in which “ship design” (in the broadest sense) has become more sophisticated – especially in the crucial early stages of design. The diversity of ship design practice, not just due to computer-based methods, is readily observable. Moreover, the impact of computer aided design in ship design has not just been to better analyse ship performance (e. g. in hydrodynamics, strength and ship infrastructure systems behaviour) but also in the increasing use of graphical tools and design methods to enable “better ship design”. In a growing number of, mainly, academic centres, but also in some government agencies and design consultancies, there is a clear desire to better understand how to design “ships” and to manage the ship design process, especially for the most complex and novel classes of vessels. In particular, the objectives being sought when conceptualising and synthesising a range of ship options (as part of the requirement elucidation approach) in an ever-increasing scoping of the relevant issues, amounts to developing a more holistic approach. This is not just due to an increasingly complex ship acquisition and ownership environment, but also due to environmental and socio-economic (especially system safety) concerns. Overlaying all this are the opportunities or the spectre of Artificial Intelligence (or perhaps more immediately those of Machine Learning) and its likely impact on engineering practice as well as those other professions in the “marine design enterprise”. The paper concludes by emphasising that while ship design has distinct differences, when compared with most other large scale engineering design practice, the lead ship design profession of the naval architect has somehow to deal with this expanding scope in the practice of “ship design”. This means the education and on the job development thrust must broaden if the ship design profession is not to be side-lined into acting as mere hull engineers. It is argued, such a specific role will be more vulnerable in an increasingly Machine Learning dominated future, than the holistic ship creating and systems architectural alternative. Finally an ambitious vision for future ship designers is given alongside a summary of the specific main contributions by the author to ship design methodology.

A STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION PROCESS OF EMPLOYEES

This study examines the effectiveness of recruitment and selection processes within an organization, with an objective to assess the clarity of job descriptions, timeliness of procedures, and overall HR efficiency. Employing a descriptive research design, the methodology involved collecting data through a survey distributed among 50 employees, utilizing simple random sampling to ensure unbiased results. The survey consisted of structured questionnaires designed to gather quantitative data, which was then analyzed using graphical methods. Findings from the study indicate a generally positive perception among employees regarding the clarity of job roles and the effectiveness of the HR department. However, responses also highlighted areas for improvement, particularly in the consistency and speed of the recruitment process. These insights suggest that while the organization's recruitment strategies are largely effective, there remains potential for enhancing procedural efficiency and employee satisfaction. Keywords: Recruitment and Selection, Organisation, HR Department.

A Study on Employees Satisfaction at Sai Sudarshan Security and Vigilance

This study examines employee satisfaction at Sai Sudarshan Security and Vigilance Pvt Ltd, focusing on key factors contributing to a positive work environment. Utilizing a purposive sampling technique, we collected primary responses from employees with at least one year of service and participation in training programs. A sample size of 100 was selected from over 130 employees. Data was meticulously organized and analyzed using graphical methods, with responses categorized under various subheadings. The findings reveal high levels of job satisfaction driven by effective communication, regular recognition, and ample career growth opportunities. While significant contentment was reported, areas needing improvement include proactive career development discussions and fostering a balanced, inclusive company culture. These insights underscore the importance of both tangible benefits and intangible factors, such as relationships with colleagues and supervisors. Keywords: Attitudes, Alignment, Agile, Centrality, Interviews, Compensation

Logistics potential to ensure the resilience of the Ukrainian economic system facing global challenges

The aim of this paper is to assess the logistics potential to ensure the resilience of the economic system of Ukraine in the face of global challenges. The methods used in the study include: structural-dynamic, determinological, correlation analysis, index method, graphical and cartographic methods. The calculations were based on open data from analytical studies on the development of transport and logistics, as well as data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The results of the study confirmed the hypothesis that high logistics potential, which is determined by the effectiveness of customs and border control, the quality of trade and transport infrastructure, the ease of organization of delivery, and the quality of logistics services, is the driver of the resilience of socio-economic systems of countries. The reduction of the logistical potential of the economic system of Ukraine in the conditions of a full-scale war is shown. This decrease resulted from blocked operation of a number of logistics routes and branches of the transport and logistics sphere and destroyed transport infrastructure objects as a result of hostilities and missile attacks.A change in the vector of export-import flows and their reorientation by means of transport was noted. Drivers of strengthening the logistics potential of the Ukrainian economic system are the transformation of the transport and logistics system, deepening cooperation with neighboring countries, systematic state support for the development of freight transportation by rail, compliance with European standards, and creation of Ukrzaliznytsia’s own freight carrier company that will work outside Ukraine. AcknowledgmentThis study was carried out within the framework of the international project “Increasing the capacity of freight transportation infrastructure on EU-Ukraine borders” (№ 22220189) implemented under the Visegrad Grant+ Programme.

СОСТОЯНИЕ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА ЛЕНИНГРАДСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

The agro-industrial complex of the Leningrad Region is a traditional sector of the economy in the North-Western District; it plays one of the leading roles in providing the country as a whole and individual industries in particular with raw materials and finished products. To ensure the economic security of the country, agriculture plays a huge role, since it reflects the state of food security of the state. In this regard, monitoring the state of agriculture is very important, especially in those regions that play a leading role in ensuring it. This is necessary for timely management decisions in the agricultural sector. Moreover, the agro-industrial complex of the Leningrad region is focused primarily on meeting the needs of the population of large settlements, which increases the feasibility of conducting a study of the current situation in the region, which is practically one of the donors in the field of agriculture in the country. Monitoring the situation of agricultural development in the Leningrad region showed that in 2023, within the framework of the agro-industrial complex, the region succeeded, however, high-quality monitoring allows us to state not only the dynamics of development, but also the factors constraining it, and their neutralization will accelerate development in this direction. The purpose of the study is to analyze and assess the current situation in the agro-industrial complex industry in the Leningrad region, as well as to study future prospects for its development. The problem of the research is that without a systematic and constant study of the situation in the agricultural sector, it will be difficult to build a strategy for its development and ensure the economic security of the country, since it must be based on its results corresponding to the realities of today's development of the country's agriculture, as well as the world economy The methodology of the review study presented in the article is based on a systems approach and includes: synthesis, analysis, systematization, descriptive method, comparison, as well as a graphical method for visualizing quantitative data and their dynamics. Results of the analysis: assessment of the current situation in the agro-industrial complex and identification of key areas, study of forecasts, analysis of the state program for the development of the agro-industrial complex.

Acute Autonomic Nervous System Response to Direct Sacral Nerve Root Stimulation in Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction: A New Approach to Understand the Mechanism of Action of Sacral Nerve Modulation.

Our goal was to assess acute autonomic nervous system (ANS) response to direct sacral nerve root (SNR) stimulation in the context of lower urinary tract dysfunction. In this retrospective monocentric study, patients undergoing 2-stage sacral nerve modulation for overactive bladder, nonobstructive urinary retention, or chronic bladder pain syndrome between March 2022 and June 2023 were analyzed. A standardized stimulation protocol was applied during the lead implantation, each of the 4 contact points being sequentially stimulated at the amplitude required to elicit anal motor response. Stimulations were labeled as StimA, StimB, StimC, and StimD, ordered by ascending order of minimum amplitude required for anal motor response. Heart rate variability parameters were collected using PhysioDoloris Monitor, and computed through the time-domain (standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals [SDNN], root mean square of successive differences), the frequency-domain (low frequency, high frequency) and the graphical (Analgesia Nociception Index [ANI]) methods. Fifty patients were analyzed, including 35 females. Twelve patients had an underlying neurological disease. Efficacy was deemed achieved in 54% of patients. SDNN variability significantly increased during StimA to StimC, while maximum SDNN significantly increased only during StimA. ANI variability significantly increased during all 4 stimulations, while maximum ANI significantly increased only during StimA. Direct stimulation of SNR is responsible for a significant increase in ANS and relative parasympathetic nervous system activity, with a greater effect observed when the stimulation was delivered closer to the SNR. These results shed light on potential mechanisms underlying sacral nerve modulation, particularly regarding the treatment of ANS dysregulation in lower urinary tract dysfunction.

Role of a unified preventive environment with the partici pation of pharmacy organizations in the fight against chronic non-communicable diseases

Relevance. Preserving and strengthening the health of the population is the most important task of the healthcare system, including pharmacy organizations. Therefore, it is important to unite the efforts of medical and pharmaceutical specialists to form a unified preventive environment in the region. This will make it possible to rationally distribute the resources of healthcare organizations in the fight against chronic non-communicable diseases and increase citizens’ satisfaction with accessible preventive care.Methodology. To achieve the goal and solve the assigned problems, content analysis, comparative and logical analysis, and observation and graphic methods were used. The objectives of this study were to obtain regulatory documentation data, the main strategies and recommendations of the World Health Organization in the field of protecting public health, the infrastructure of pharmacy organizations, and consumer opinion.Results. The study highlighted the main aspects of preventive activities, which are the actions of pharmaceutical specialists toward preserving public and individual health. The current state of preventive work of pharmacies in the Yaroslavl region has been studied, and the most common preventive services have been identified. The need for the formation of a unified preventive environment in the region with the participation of pharmacies is substantiated as one of the ways to improve the professional activities of pharmaceutical specialists in the prevention of chronic non-infectious diseases. A model of a unified preventive environment for the regional healthcare system was developed, indicating the general and specialized functions of the organizations. An assessment of the effectiveness of the implementation of preventive services in the activities of pharmacy organizations was conducted.Conclusion. An analysis of the current state of preventive activities of pharmacy chains indicates the potential of a pharmacy organization to implement a wider range of preventive services. Combining the efforts of healthcare professionals through the formation of a unified preventive environment with the participation of pharmacy organizations can provide a significant impetus in the fight against chronic non-communicable diseases.

Illegal Activities of Cartel Organizations in the Field of Public Procurement as a New Object of Statistical Study

The sphere of public procurement and the disbursement of budget funds in all countries is an environment that attracts not only respectable entrepreneurs who want to make guaranteed money, but also various “criminal white-collar elements.” According to various estimates, the volume of financing for public procurement in the Russian Federation occupies up to one third of the total GDP. A large number of labor and financial resources are involved in this area, while regularly changing legislation in this area, as well as the complexity of procurement procedures for different categories of goods, works, and services create favorable conditions and allow unscrupulous bidders, as well as corrupt customer representatives, to obtain unjustified profits and illegal remuneration. In the current situation, the introduction of new control measures becomes vital to ensure fair competition and efficient use of budget funds. That is why additional research and measures aimed at eliminating these problems and the preconditions for their occurrence are an integral part of ensuring the effectiveness of the public procurement system and protecting public interests.Purpose of the research is to study the genesis of cartel agreements in public procurement and their impact on the implementation of national projects in the Russian Federation, as well as the impact of cartel agreements on the presence of healthy competition and the efficiency of spending budget funds. As part of the paper, the state of crime in this area was examined; the signs of cartel agreements, methods for identifying cartels, as well as signs of collusion between the customer and the participant in public procurement were identified.Methods and materials. The author in his paper applies a comprehensive methodological approach, including analysis of statistical data, methods of the general theory of statistics, as well as methods of synthesis and analysis. The main attention is paid to the analysis of the current legal regulation in the field of public procurement. Graphical and tabular methods were used to visualize statistical data. The study is based on data provided by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, the Federal Antimonopoly Service of Russia, the Federal Treasury of the Russian Federation, the Prosecutor General’s Office of the Russian Federation and the Judicial Department of the Supreme Court.Results of the study. The paper made a quantitative assessment of the scope of public procurement in recent years, and assessed the work carried out by law enforcement officials and the antimonopoly service. Typical violations of antimonopoly legislation during public procurement are given and methods for identifying them are proposed. The illegal schemes used by cartel participants in electronic trading are analyzed, as well as problematic issues and ways to resolve them that arise in practice. The paper proposes various approaches to increasing the efficiency of law enforcement and control agencies. An analysis of law enforcement practice revealed problems associated with proving crimes in this area, and noted an insufficient level of interaction between law enforcement agencies and the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation.Conclusion. In the study, the author analyzed the main features of cartels, proposed methods for identifying them, as well as ways to improve the verification activities carried out. The presented measures do not exhaust the topic of the study, and to effectively combat cartels, a systematic approach is recommended, including not only improving the quality of work of law enforcement and control agencies, but also improving the software and hardware used in carrying out inspections. Cartels in public procurement are a relatively new phenomenon for Russia; statistical data obtained from the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Judicial Department of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation indicate that law enforcement and control authorities are just beginning their work to counter the criminal behavior of participants in cartel agreements. Only the fruitful joint work of law enforcement and control agencies will ensure the economic security of the state and protect the national interests of the Russian Federation.

Relative uniqueness or uniqueness? A new cross-efficiency evaluation approach with weight priority strategy

Due to a large number of studies on cross-evaluation strategies, the theoretical problem of DEA cross-efficiency approach has been transformed from the non-uniqueness of the optimal solution to the relative uniqueness, because the existing cross-evaluation strategies can only reduce the possibility of non-unique solutions, but cannot prove the existence of a unique optimal solution. This paper illustrates the relative uniqueness of optimal solution of the cross-efficiency approach with traditional cross-evaluation strategies, and the graphic method and theoretical analysis are used to explain the reasons of relative uniqueness. Based on the data characteristic of inputs and outputs, the weight priority rule is made for constructing the new cross-evaluation strategy, and its optimal solution is proved to be unique. In addition, the weight priority strategy can also be introduced into traditional strategies as a supplementary strategy, and then the unique optimal solution can be obtained on the premise of preserving the characteristics of traditional strategies. In general, this paper solves the non-uniqueness and relative uniqueness problem of optimal solution in the DEA cross-efficiency approach, and then the reliability and robustness of the approach are thus improved.

Characterization of Fipronil in Micellar Medium with Brij 35

Fipronil is a phenyl pyrazole used as an insecticide to combat termites, moths, and locusts. Its low solubility in water represents a problem with its commercial formulations. In this work, an aqueous micellar medium was formed with Brij 35, calculating the critical micellar concentration at 0.01% (w/v) by UV-visible spectrophotometry and conductimetry. In this medium, the apparent pka was estimated at 12.6 from spectrophotometric data by the graphical method and Partial Least Squares Regression. Finally, its degradation kinetics in this medium at pH 12 was studied, finding that it conforms to a first-order model, with a half-life of 3.3 h, higher than the 2.4 h reported by other authors for an aqueous medium. In conclusion, the micellar medium favored the solubility of the compound in aqueous medium, allowing the estimation of its pka and retarding its chemical degradation.

On the Maximum Likelihood Estimators’ Uniqueness and Existence for Two Unitary Distributions: Analytically and Graphically, with Application

Unit distributions, exhibiting inherent symmetrical properties, have been extensively studied across various fields. A significant challenge in these studies, particularly evident in parameter estimations, is the existence and uniqueness of estimators. Often, it is challenging to demonstrate the existence of a unique estimator. The major issue with maximum likelihood and other estimator-finding methods that use iterative methods is that they need an initial value to reach the solution. This dependency on initial values can lead to local extremes that fail to represent the global extremities, highlighting a lack of symmetry in solution robustness. This study applies a very simple, and unique, estimation method for unit Weibull and unit Burr XII distributions that both attain the global maximum value. Therefore, we can conclude that the findings from the obtained propositions demonstrate that both the maximum likelihood and graphical methods are symmetrically similar. In addition, three real-world data applications are made to show that the method works efficiently.

Simultaneous Reconstruction of Gas Concentration and Temperature Using Acoustic Tomography.

Acoustic tomography utilizes sensor arrays to collect sound wave signals, enabling non-contact measurement of physical parameters within an area of interest. Compared to optical technologies, acoustic tomography offers the advantages of low cost, low maintenance, and easy installation. Current research in acoustic tomography mainly focuses on reconstruction algorithms for temperature fields, while monitoring the composition and concentration of gases is significant for ensuring safety and improving efficiency, such as in scenarios like boiler furnaces and aviation engine nozzles. In excitable gases, the speed of sound exhibits an S-shaped curve that changes with frequency, a characteristic that could be potentially useful for acoustic tomography. Therefore, this study primarily discusses the quantitative calculation of gas concentration and temperature based on the dispersion of the speed of sound. By employing graphic processing and pattern matching methods, a coupled relationship of the dispersion of the speed of sound with gas concentration and temperature is established. The projection intersection method is used to calculate the concentration and temperature of binary and ternary gas mixtures. Combined with the inversion method, a joint reconstruction method for gas concentration fields and temperature fields based on the dispersion of the speed of sound is developed. The feasibility of the proposed simultaneous reconstruction method for temperature and concentration fields is validated using numerical simulations. Additionally, an acoustic tomography experimental system was set up to conduct reconstruction experiments for binary gas concentration fields and temperature fields, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method.

New anomaly free supergravities in six dimensions

An extended search for anomaly free matter coupled N = (1, 0) supergravity in six dimension is carried out by two different methods which we refer to as the graphical and rank methods. In the graphical method the anomaly free models are built from single gauge group models, called nodes, which can only have gravitational anomalies. We search for anomaly free theories with gauge groups G1 × … × Gn with n = 1, 2, … (any number of factors) and G1 × … × Gn × U(1)R where n = 1, 2, 3 and U(1)R is the R-symmetry group. While we primarily consider models with the tensor multiplet number nT = 1, we also provide some results for nT ≠ 1 with an unconstrained number of charged hypermultiplets. We find a large number of ungauged anomaly free theories. However, in the case of R-symmetry gauged models with nT = 1, in addition to the three known anomaly free theories with G1 × G2 × U(1)R type symmetry, we find only six new remarkably anomaly free models with symmetry groups of the form G1 × G2 × G3 × U(1)R. In the case of nT = 1 and ungauged models, excluding low rank group factors and considering only low lying representations, we find all anomaly free theories. Remarkably, the number of group factors does not exceed four in this class. The proof of completeness in this case relies on a bound which we establish for a parameter characterizing the difference between the number of non-singlet hypermultiplets and the dimension of the gauge group.

Gas emissivities and absorptivities for H2O–CO2–CO mixtures

AbstractIn this work, an approximate solution is given to compute the gas emissivities and absorptivities for H2O–CO2–CO mixtures. The proposed model is valid for temperatures from 300 to 2700 K and pressure path‐length from 0.06 to 40 atm m. In the calculation of the analytical solution (AS), the nonlinear methods of Galerkin and Ritz were implemented based on the residual solution of the differential roots of the Finite Element Method. For each point value using the AS, the spectral absorptivity and emissivity were determined, while for the gas mixture the emissivity and absorptivity were computed using the Hottel Graphical Method (HGM) and the proposed method. In the emissivity calculations, the HGM shows less adjustment, with values of ±20% and ±15% for 79.1% and 56.2% of the available analytical data, while the proposed model correlates adequately with the available data, showing an average deviation of ±15% and ±10% for 91.4% and 76.2% of the available data. In the absorptivity estimations, the HGM shows a weaker fit, with values of ±20% and ±15% for 77.3% and 51.4% of the experimental data, respectively, while the proposed model shows good agreement with the available data, with a mean deviation of ±15% and ±10% for 89.8% and 74.1% of the test made.

A Reviewed Turn at of Methods for Determining the Type of Fault in Power Transformers Based on Dissolved Gas Analysis

Since power transformers are the most important pieces of equipment in electricity transmission and distribution systems, special attention must be paid to their maintenance in order to keep them in good condition for a long time. This paper reviews the main steps in the process of diagnosing the health of power transformer insulation, which involves the science of analysing the gases dissolved in power transformer oil for effective identification of faults. An accurate diagnosis of incipient faults is favourable to sustainable development and necessary to maintain a reliable supply of electricity. The methods presented for fault diagnosis in mineral-oil-immersed power transformers are divided into analytical and graphical methods and have been found to be simple, economical and effective. After describing the methods, both their strengths and weaknesses were identified, and over the years, the methods were complemented to provide highly accurate information, validated by field inspections. This paper focuses on practical information and applications to manage maintenance based on accurate and up-to-date data. The contents of this paper will be of particular use to engineers who manufacture, monitor and/or use high-power transformers in the energy sector, as well as to undergraduate, master’s and PhD students interested in such applications.

Broken Rotor Bar Detection Based on Steady-State Stray Flux Signals Using Triaxial Sensor with Random Positioning.

This paper investigates the detection of broken rotor bar in squirrel cage induction motors using a novel approach of randomly positioning a triaxial sensor over the motor surface. This study is conducted on two motors under laboratory conditions, where one motor is kept in a healthy state, and the other is subjected to a broken rotor bar (BRB) fault. The induced electromotive force of the triaxial coils, recorded over ten days with 100 measurements per day, is statistically analyzed. Normality tests and graphical interpretation methods are used to evaluate the data distribution. Parametric and non-parametric approaches are used to analyze the data. Both approaches show that the measurement method is valid and consistent over time and statistically distinguishes healthy motors from those with BRB defects when a reference or threshold value is specified. While the comparison between healthy motors shows a discrepancy, the quantitative analysis shows a smaller estimated difference in mean values between healthy motors than comparing healthy and BRB motors.

Graphic Statics for Continuous Beams and Frames: A Review of the Fixed-points Method

ABSTRACT Graphic statics not only applies to statically determinate systems but also extends to indeterminate systems. This paper reviews a historical graphical method tailored for continuous beams and frames: the fixed-points method. Despite its current obscurity, the fixed-points method played a crucial role in the repertoire of graphic statics and enjoyed considerable popularity during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Our review outlines its historical evolution, explains its principles and techniques, and illuminates Robert Maillart’s applications of this method in the Simme bridge in Garstatt and the Weissensteinstrasse Overpass in Bern.

Towards multi-views cloud retrieval accounting for the 3-D structure collected by directional polarization camera

The structure of a cloud is three-dimensional (3-D). Nevertheless, cloud research is predominantly developed in one-dimensional (1-D) hypothesis from passive optical satellite measurements. Cloud retrieval algorithms typically do not consider the parallax displacement of clouds in multi-view images. Inversion of cloud properties based on two-dimensional (2-D) coordinates cannot solve multi-view radiation changes which are caused by macro-structure of a cloud in 3-D space. In this study, we included the 3-D structure of clouds by repositioning cloud pixels within a 3-D coordinate system utilizing the directional polarization camera (DPC) data before conducting cloud property retrieval. It is followed by identification of location of cloud in each observational view’s image plane. Observational paths of clouds are rebuilt at each observational view. Furthermore, computer graphics methods are employed to establish spatial relationship among different cloud observational paths. The radiational and geometrical information are relocated in unified 3-D sub-pixel space. Finally, 3-D cloud radiation information could be applied to retrieve cloud properties. The case results demonstrate that our method can effectively reduce mixed pixels of clouds and clear sky by 5.79% while decrease indistinguishable pixels in cloud phase classification by 2.11%. It leads to an enhancement in the classification accuracy of water clouds and ice clouds by 3.30% and 4.03%, respectively. Therefore, it is concluded that considering the impact of cloud structure before retrieval would significantly improve accuracy.

Graphical pinch analysis-based method for heat exchanger networks retrofit of a residuum hydrogenation process

Sustainable energy systems are crucial for reducing carbon emissions because renewable energy sources leave a footprint. The petrochemical industry often suffers from inefficient heat exchange network (HEN) systems, leading to substantial energy wastage. In the current work, a real case study of the residue hydrogenation process was analyzed to identify potential energy savings. A new method combining Pinch Analysis and Thot–Tcold diagram analysis methods was proposed. This graphical analysis method plots the cold-flow temperature of each heat exchanger unit on the x-axis and the hot-flow temperature on the y-axis. By applying the Thot–Tcold diagram to a practical case of residue hydrogenation in Zhejiang, the existing process energy state was evaluated, and HEN was retrofitted to achieve energy savings and carbon emission reduction. Following optimization, the energy recovery amounted to 202.71 GJ/h with an energy recovery rate of 14.3 %. The proposed method saves approximately 4.058 × 105 GJ/y compared to current operations, resulting in an annual cost saving of approximately $ 2.76 M/y, with an investment payback period of less than 0.36 y. This study offers a solution to the energy challenges of industrial residue hydrogenation by enhancing the economic and environmental sustainability of existing process flows.