Graphic Liquid Crystal Display Research Articles

An Embedded System Based on Raspberry Pi for Effective Electrocardiogram Monitoring

In recent years, there has been a growing demand for affordable and user-friendly medical diagnostic devices due to the rise in global diseases. This study focuses on the development of an embedded system based on Raspberry Pi that enables faster and more efficient monitoring of electrocardiogram (ECG). The incorporation of Raspberry Pi allows for both wireless and wired interfaces, facilitating the creation of an ECG diagnostic embedded system capable of real-time detection and immediate response to any abnormalities in heart functionality. The system presented in this research encompasses a comprehensive electronic circuit comprising analog and digital components to measure and display the ECG signal. Within the analog section, the circuit performs essential signal conditioning tasks, such as signal amplification and noise filtering, ensuring a clean signal within the desired frequency range. The entire system is powered using a power bank. The digital segment incorporates an analog-to-digital converter necessary for converting the received analog signal into a digital format compatible with Raspberry Pi. A graphical liquid-crystal display is utilized to display the measured signal. The device successfully measures ECG signals at various heart rates, capturing all crucial peaks that can be used as indicators of an individual’s health condition. By comparing the signals obtained from healthy individuals with those exhibiting heart arrhythmias, valuable insights can be gained regarding their health status. The proposed system aims to be portable, cost-effective, and user-friendly in different environments.

A Low Cost Automated Weather Station for Real Time Local Measurements

In this paper, we present an automated weather station for real time and local measurements, based on an embedded system that continuously measures several weather factors such as temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, and rainfall. This weather station consists of two parts which are located indoor and outdoor and connected together wirelessly. The outdoor weather station measures the current temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, wind speed, wind direction and recent rain amount. The indoor station displays the outdoor reading as well as the temperature and humidity for the room it is located in, on a graphic liquid crystal display. In addition, this weather information can be accessed from any place through an iOS and Android application called Blynk.

Development of hardware system using temperature and vibration maintenance models integration concepts for conventional machines monitoring: a case study

This article describes the integration of temperature and vibration models for maintenance monitoring of conventional machinery parts in which their optimal and best functionalities are affected by abnormal changes in temperature and vibration values thereby resulting in machine failures, machines breakdown, poor quality of products, inability to meeting customers’ demand, poor inventory control and just to mention a few. The work entails the use of temperature and vibration sensors as monitoring probes programmed in microcontroller using C language. The developed hardware consists of vibration sensor of ADXL345, temperature sensor of AD594/595 of type K thermocouple, microcontroller, graphic liquid crystal display, real time clock, etc. The hardware is divided into two: one is based at the workstation (majorly meant to monitor machines behaviour) and the other at the base station (meant to receive transmission of machines information sent from the workstation), working cooperatively for effective functionalities. The resulting hardware built was calibrated, tested using model verification and validated through principles pivoted on least square and regression analysis approach using data read from the gear boxes of extruding and cutting machines used for polyethylene bag production. The results got therein confirmed related correlation existing between time, vibration and temperature, which are reflections of effective formulation of the developed concept.

English

2,3,4 Abstract: Voice communication becomes ineffective in the industries & various places where there is a noisy environment. Industries and other places which offer ineffective voice communication require data transmission in text and image form. The first approach of the project is to draw the pattern on touch screen display which is interfaced with arm7 processor and transmit this pattern using zigbee transmitter. At the receiving side ARM7 processor is interfaced with GLCD (Graphical Liquid Crystal Display) which displays the received pattern. The second approach is to send the bitmap images to the receiver. The bitmap images are stored in the ARM-7 processors inbuilt EEPROM memory at the transmitter side. The touch screen display along with the GLCD is connected to the ARM7 LPC2148 controller. The ARM processor which is programmed to read the touched values in the real time environment, encode it and sends it to receiver. Whatever the information we want to send is accessed with the help of touch screen and ARM-7 processor and then it is showed on the GLCD at the transmitter. After that we can transmit that image or pattern to the receiver via zigbee transmitter circuit. This project is designed around the ARM-7 processor. The processor fulfils all the requirements related to wireless control and image processing. An inbuilt EEPROM is provided to store the bitmap images.

Easily usable human-device interface for microwave therapy apparatus

In this paper we investigate the possibility of using a large dot matrix LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) as the essential part of a low cost, user friendly human-device interface which is driving a microwave diathermy medical apparatus. The human-device interface uses only four buttons with multiple functionalities, an analog encoder and the said dot matrix LCD. The interface is a part of the embedded system that drives the entire unit, as a stand alone hardware and complex firmware program. This interface can handle the medical treatment parameters in an ergonomic and simple way. The human-device interface has been designed in agreement with the EN60601-1 and EN60601-1-4 requirements using “the simple to complex” writing and validation algorithm. The interface has been manufactured as prototype and tested on our own proprietary microwave hyperthermia and diathermy device and proves to be intuitive and easy to use. The human-device interface firmware is portable to other scientific apparatus as well; however, a reconfiguration of all displayed information is necessary, depending on the purpose of the served equipment. Compared with a colour graphic LCD equipped with touch screen, the interface presented here is definitely less expensive, can be implemented faster and uses less hardware resources.

Design and construction of a microcontroller-based heartbeat monitoring device with display

Strong indications have emerged the world over that a large proportion of people in developing countries are now at great risk of developing cardiovascular (heart) diseases which currently accounts for one-third of all deaths worldwide. The need for an accurate, yet affordable ECG (Electrocardiogram) machine is necessary to ensure the quality of cardiovascular health of the average citizen. This research entails the design and implementation a portable, easy-to-use ECG machine. The heartbeat rhythm was obtained using 12-lead ECG electrodes and displayed in a waveform using a GLCD (Graphic Liquid Crystal Display) screen. Interpretation of the heartbeat rhythm was done by the use of red and blue LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) indicating normal and abnormal heartbeat rhythms which are stored on an SD card for easy retrieval, thereby ensuring a user-friendly design. The significance of this design lies in its potential to empower patients with heart conditions by providing a means of monitoring progress in the areas of drugs being administered, effects of surgical repairs and general well-being of the patient. Keywords: Heart Monitor, Electrocardiogram, Heartbeat, Heart Rate, Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart.

Design and implementation of an electrocardiographical signal acquisition and digital processing system orientated to the detection of paroxysmal arrhythmias

This article describes the design, technical aspects and implementation of a device capable of acquiring electrocardiograph signals; visualize them in real time over a graphic liquid crystal display (GLCD), and the storage of these ECG registers on a SD memory card. It also details a noise suppression algorithm using the Wavelet Transform. This system was specially developed to cover some bankruptcy that presents actual Holters or ECG regarding the detection of paroxysmal arrhythmias. The contribution of this work is settled on its portability and low production cost. The filtering method used provides an ECG signal without any significant noise and appropriate to the diagnosis of cardiac pathologies.

Elektrogustometr uniwersalny EG-2

Electrogustometry is a method for taste diagnosis and measurement. The EG-2 project is being developed in cooperation between Warsaw University of Technology and Military institute of Medicine in Warsaw. The device is an evolution of the recent universal electrogustometer EG-1 prototype. Due to considerations and experiences acquired during prototype usage, many enhancements have been incorporated into device. The aim was to create an easy-to-use, portable, battery powered device, enabled for fast measurements. Developed electrogustometer is using innovative, low-power microprocessor system, which control whole device. User interface is based on 5.7" graphical LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and touchscreen. It can be directly operated by finger or with optional stylus. Dedicated GUI (Graphical User Interface) offers simple, predefined measurements and advance settings of signal parameters. It is also possible to store measurements results and patients data in an internal memory. User interface is multilanguage. Signals for patients examinations, supplied with bipolar electrode, are generated by an on-board circuit using DDS (Direct-Digital Synthesis) and DAC (Digital-to-Analog Converter). Electrogustometer is able to generate DC, sinus, triangle or rectangle signals with current amplitude from 0 to 500 pA and frequency form 0 to 500 Hz. Device is designed for manual and automeasurement modes. By using USB (Universal Serial Bus) port it is possible to retrieve data stored in internal memory and charging of built-in Li-lon battery as a source of power.

Call line identity device with integrated sound output

It has become obvious that technology, in some cases, exceed our humanity. The dilemma for the visually impaired is that they cannot benefit from electronic devices with Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) technology. Most electronic devices convey information to the user by displaying it on these LCD's. Adapted products exist, but because no market for these products have been established, relatively small numbers are imported. Therefore a few useful products are available at an affordable cost. We present the design and construction of a talking call line identification unit with integrated sound output to be used on Telkom lines. This unit incorporates audio and visual input/output of all on-board functions, thus visually impaired user's can navigate the unit settings, assisted by pre-recorded voice prompts and big input buttons. A graphical LCD completes the unit, as it could still be used by the un-impaired. The re-production of a human voice is accomplished by pre-recording on a solid-state ISD (Information Storage Device) capable of recording eight minutes of voice data. This enables the unit to announce the incoming caller's number or an associated recording of the caller's name. This device comes as a great benefit for not only the visually impaired but normal user's of telephones as well.

A Universal Portable Appliance for Stellarator W7-X Power Supply Controlling

In the project Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X), the popular fieldbus Profibus has been determined as a uniform connection between the central control system and all the subordinate systems. A universal embedded control system has been developed for W7-X power supply controlling. Siemens 80C167CR microcontroller is used as the central control unit of the system. With a user-defined printed circuit board (PCB) several control buses, i.e., Profibus, CAN, IEEE 488, RS485 and RS 232 have been connected to the microcontroller. The corresponding hardware interfaces for the control buses have been designed. A graphic liquid crystal display(LCD) and a user-defined keyboard are used as user interface. The control software will be developed with a C-like language, i.e., C166 for the controller.