Graphic Imaging Research Articles

Dispensary control of patients with deforming gonarthrosis

The monitoring system for the course of deforming gonarthrosis based on the basis of quantitative estimation of the main disease signs is suggested. Significance of a sign is evaluated in scores according to the used clinical classification of deforming osteoarthrosis. There were 23 patients with deforming gonarthrosis. Graphic imaging of course severity of the disease as well as efficacy of the treatment is suggested. Revealing of the characteristic types of disease course allows to control and correct management as well as to detect the indications to operative treatment.

A study of difficulty factors in piping diagram reading in an engine room simulator environment

Demand for an engine room simulator has recently increased. Several manufacturers provide 3-dimensional animation or computer graphic imaging for application in virtual reality technology. Furthermore, educational tool hardware are improving on a daily basis. As educational institute researchers, we consider the planning of effective training exercises based on a simulated environment. In addition to hardware-related issues, software-related issues also exist in educational situations. One of the major difficulties associated with solving these problems is adjusting the task level according to the skill of the student, for which it must be known if the students are in fact finding any difficulty. We therefore conducted a questionnaire survey and factor analysis to detect the latent factors that affect the degree of difficulty, using data gathered via a questionnaire survey. Based on the findings of a questionnaire survey, we presented the difficulty factors encountered by students in understanding an engine room piping diagram.

The Corporate Competitiveness Evaluation Model for Insurance

Subject. This article examines the different models for assessing the competitiveness of insurance companies. Objectives. The article aims to develop an optimal model for assessing the competitiveness of the insurance company, able to adequately assess the current situation and provide comprehensive information of the insurance company's position in the insurance market. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of theoretical and comparative analyses. Results. The article presents two models for assessing the competitiveness of insurance companies, namely, for external and internal users. It proposes to represent a model of measuring competitiveness for internal users as a graphic imaging, and for external users, as a table, which is based on a balanced scorecard. Conclusions and Relevance. The results of the study can help any participant of the insurance market to adequately assess the state of the insurance company, and identify competitive advantages and disadvantages to improve the financial situation of the organization. The information outlined in the article is practical for it affords to use the eventual outcome of the study in the practice of insurance organizations to improve their competitiveness.

Javanese Temple Bas Relief as Inspiration of ‘Kiritimukha’ Postcard Series Creation

Correspondence using postcard via regular postal service is an obsolete mean of communication in 21st century. However in Indonesia, since 2012 popularity postcard correspondence has increased. The main purpose of doing it is for hobby. The appearance of Postcrossing.com, a social media that facilitate worldwide postcard correspondence is responsible for increase of popularity. Until 2020 there are about 9000 active Post-crossing account registered as Indonesian. In the beginning, these people used any available postcard in the market. Most of available postcard at the time are Indonesian tourism postcards because they are still desirable as inexpensive souvenirs and collectible. Slowly, there are various themed postcard with various design and printing technique popping up through Indonesian online shops and social media. There are various themes such as local Indonesian culture from various regions, Indonesian daily life, traditional toys, etc. with pictures not only from photograph, but also many created with digital painting. Ancient Javanese temples are one of popular themes for postcards. Most of them show the photograph of Javanese temples, a few also show painting modelled after those temples. There are none of Javanese temple themed cards’ picture are made with digital imaging and neither of them show certain bas relief of the temples. Creation of postcard with pictures of certain bas relief of Javanese temples will be a new variation of Javanese temples themed postcards. This paper tries to describe creative process of designing new themed postcard with pictures modelled after Javanese temples’ bas relief with digital vector graphic imaging. Qualitative approach is used to understand the potential target audiences. As a visual communication media, the design process of this postcard series tries to adjust according objects in the environment and target audiences with design needs, so that later it can produce a communicative design work for the community.

A review of information resources on antimicrobial resistance genes

Interest in the issues of antibiotic resistance control and monitoring remains actual during the past decades. A significant number of findings confirm the ever-growing ratio of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms. The article describes the information resources including data on antimicrobial resistance genes. Efficient monitoring and timely detection of changes in this trend are possible provided that the large volume of information, including the range of the genes characterizing resistance to chemical compounds and medicines, is obtained. Using purpose-built databases describing the nucleotide and amino acid sequences that define antimicrobial resistance is particularly important. Moreover, the databases include data on point mutations in the genome of the microorganisms associated with antimicrobial resistance development. The first developed databases contained the limited information on genetic determinants of resistance. However, modern databases are more than ever tended to a full range display of information on various genes of resistance to antimicrobial medicines and chemical compounds. The approach provides meaningful data supplemented by graphic imaging of results in most cases. Access to a significant part of resources is free of charge and allows saving the final results that considerably simplifies communicating and improves interaction between researchers. A specific feature is continuous information updating and manual curation that provides better systematization of the available data.

Tile quality detection system based on an object imaging method

Due to the disadvantages of traditional imaging methods, an imaging method based on object imaging has been proposed in this paper. This imaging method only images objects that are of interest and filters other objects. This paper mainly applies this imaging method to detect the quality of tiles by detection of special shapes. If the printing graphics of the tiles meet our requirements, a quality detection system will display the graphics needing quality detection on a monitor. Otherwise, no graphics are displayed on the monitor if the printing graphics do not meet requirements. The system includes: the use of communication between ARM and DSP under the DM6446 platform, the call to a multiple-algorithm, and design of a specific graphic imaging algorithm. The system removes the artificial testing steps in the process of quality detection, improves the speed and accuracy of quality detection and reduces the labor intensity required from inspectors. The preliminary studies show the feasibility and practicability of this system, and the preliminary experimental results show that an imaging method based on object imaging can be applied to quality detection of tiles and can solve existing problems for quality detection.

Graphic Imaging Tools for Precise Identification of Shift of Neutral Zone in Edentulous Mandibular Arch

Graphic Imaging Tools for Precise Identification of Shift of Neutral Zone in Edentulous Mandibular Arch

Visualization and Interpretation of Magnetic Configurations Using Magnetic Charge

The calculation and graphic imaging of magnetic charge density provides fresh insights into old problems in micromagnetics. (1) The full saturation magnetization $M_{\mathrm{s}}$ of polycrystalline iron can be used in a transformer when magnetic charge at the grain boundaries suppresses the adverse effects of anisotropy. A single domain wall separates two regions of opposite magnetization $\vert {{\mathbf M}} \vert = M_{\mathrm{s}}$ in toroidal geometry. This is a three-dimensional expression of the ripple effect, long known in polycrystalline thin films of Permalloy. (2) Helical patterns of ${{\mathbf M}}$ result from interaction of regions of opposite magnetic charge developed by the introduction of some $\nabla \cdot {{\mathbf M}}$ when the exchange energy primarily invokes $\nabla \times {{\mathbf M}}$ to accommodate to the boundary conditions set by geometry and surface charge density ${{\mathbf n}} \cdot {{\mathbf M}}$ . The helical structures resolve 40-year-old mysteries in the appearance of periodic stripe domains associated with the propagation of edge solitons in a hexagonal [1 1 1] oriented iron whisker.

Utility of Colonoscopy to Exclude Underlying Malignant Polyps After Resolution of Uncomplicated Diverticulitis

intervention, or monitoring.3 After resolution of an episode of diverticulitis, the standard of care is to perform a colonoscopy to exclude diagnoses that mimic diverticulitis—notably, colorectal cancer. This recommendation arose during a time when the diagnosis rested on clinical suspicion and radio­ graphic imaging with barium.4 Computed tomog­ raphy, with a substantially higher sensitivity than barium enema5 at diagnosing cancer and other ab­ dominal pathologic conditions, is now the primary modality used to define complicated diverticulitis, with low interobserver variability and a sensitivity and specificity approaching 99%.6 Computed tomo­ graphic findings in complicated diverticulitis in­ clude abscess, fistula, stricture, extensive stranding, obstruction, or air (ie, perforation); colonic wall thickening and mass lesions are concerning radio­ logic features for neoplasia. The current Clinical Guideline Task Force of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons recommends that “after resolution of acute diverticu­ litis, perform colonoscopy in 6 to 8 weeks following resolution, to confirm diagnosis; if this is first epi­ sode or recent colonoscopy has not been done” Utility of Colonoscopy to Exclude Underlying Malignant Polyps After Resolution of Uncomplicated Diverticulitis

Digital Skin: How Developments in Digital Imaging Techniques and Culture Are Informing the Design of Futuristic Surface and Fabrication Concepts

In the last decade, technical advances in computer graphic (CG) texture mapping and surfacing processes have influenced broader cultural spheres and commercial practices. As emerging idioms from computer graphic imaging (CGI) sectors have become synonymous with related everyday terminology, the terms “skin,” “surface,” and “texture”—common parlance in real-world scenarios and prevalent in textile spheres—have come to intersect physical and digital meaning. Recent aspects of CGI development and use provide a particular framework for this article, which goes on to observe newly emerging textile and surface designers engaged in the creative development of digital skin and associated concepts. Imbued with science fiction, future scenarios, and advances in computer imaging software and hardware capability, these practitioners are hybridizing digital and material languages and challenging conventional approaches to design and fabrication processes. Digital media tools are instrumental in facilitating these practices. As design practitioners challenge perceived notions of textile, substrate, and skin through relatively newfound digital contexts, resulting propositions include high-tech interfaces for communication, surface embellishment, and guise. Also outlined is how such digital propositions are beginning to overlap emerging real and conceptual applications in wider industry and science realms, expanding the nature of and prospect for surface design. Resulting paradigms pertain to the virtual reinvention of skin as a conceptual material interface.

Comparison of three software programs for three-dimensional graphic imaging as contrasted with operative findings

Several types of practical three-dimensional (3D) imaging software programs are available, including those attached to computed tomographic devices. Three different software programs (Advantage Workstation Volume Share 4, OsiriX and CTTRY) were used to generate 3D images on the basis of imaging data obtained by 64-slice multidetector-row computed tomography in the same patient. Surgery was then performed referring to these 3D images in five patients. The characteristics, advantages, disadvantages and utility in the operative field of the images generated with each software program were compared with respect to actual operative findings. There were no marked differences in vascular images at the segmental level among the software programs, and all three were considered useful for surgery. However, vascular images at the subsegmental level differed among the three programs. The depiction of blood vessels at the subsegmental level lacked accuracy when compared with operative findings.

Digital Comics, Circulation, and the Importance of Being Eric Sluis

rubber-stamped words appear smack in the middle of the first frame of the first page of the first issue of Marvel's The Fantastic Four. That is, if you're looking at the PDF version of the comic on the DVD-ROM 44 Tears of Fantastic Four, issued by Graphic Imaging Technology (GIT).1 In the version of Fantastic Four # 1 on Digital Comics Unlimited, Marvel's online comic service, not only are those words absent, but the entire issue has been retouched and recolored. Further, all of the print comic's advertising and editorial content has been excised.2 The Marvel Comics iPhone application also uses a retouched version of the issue, but it differs in another significant respect: it does not allow the viewer to ever see an entire page of the comic, moving instead from frame to frame. All digital comics are not created equal. Imagine for a minute that you have access to the DVD archive of Fantastic Four. Digging into the editorial material in the comics provides some clues about how Mr. Sluis rose to his brief notoriety. The fan mail page in issue #10 reveals that by the time it appeared, back issues of #1-9 were long gone: If anyone has a large supply to sell, we would be glad to print his name and address.3 There were evidently other gaps in Marvel's archive as well: the file copy of Fantastic Four #101 used for the DVD had the numbers 5 and 1 2 inexplicably stamped on the cover before digitization. Certainly not having imagined a digital future in which an original copy of Fantastic Four would be needed again after its 1970 publication, Marvel was rather lucky that Eric Sluis was a better archivist than they were. As comics continue their decades-old process of migrating off the page and onto the screen, the insights of Film Studies scholarship become increasingly relevant to their study. I began with the Eric Sluis example because I want to argue that the branch of cinema theory that deals with circulation is especially

A NOVEL FAST NEAR-FIELD ELECTROMAGNETIC IMAGING METHOD FOR FULL ROTATION PROBLEM

A fast method for electromagnetic imaging from monos- tatic full rotational near-fleld scattering is proposed in this paper. It is based on circular spectrum theory which exploits the Fourier decom- position of the targets distribution instead of point by point imaging in earlier works. The novelty of the proposed method is that it sim- plifles the relationship between the spatial frequency domain and the scattering fleld. The near-fleld scattering is analyzed by expanding the distance to Taylor series at the centre of the targets zone. The near- fleld focus function is then transformed to spatial frequency domain and evaluated by the method of stationary phase. The imaging result is given by two-dimensional inverse Fourier transformation from spa- tial frequency domain of targets. The proposed method is validated by comparing the simulation results of distributed targets with the tomo- graphic imaging. The dynamic range of imaging result is derived by distributed targets with difierent re∞ection coe-cient. Furthermore, the experiment is also conducted in microwave chamber at Ku band with target placed on the turntable.

Molecular basis of antithrombin deficiency

Antithrombin (AT) is the most important physiological inhibitor of coagulation proteases. It is activated by glycosaminoglycans such as heparin. Hereditary antithrombin deficiency is a rare disease that is mainly associated with venous thromboembolism. So far, more than 200 different mutations in the antithrombin gene (SERPINC1) have been described. The aim of our study was to characterise the molecular background in a large cohort of patients with AT deficiency. Mutation analysis was performed by direct sequencing of SERPINC1 in 272 AT-deficient patients. Large deletions were identified by multiplex PCR coupled with liquid chromatography or multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) analysis. To predict the effect of SERPINC1 sequence variations on the pathogenesis of AT deficiency, in silico assessments, multiple sequence alignment, and molecular graphic imaging were performed. The mutation profile consisted of 59% missense, 10% nonsense, 8% splice site mutations, 15% small deletions/insertions/duplications, and 8% large deletions. Altogether 87 different mutations, including 42 novel mutations (22 missense and 20 null mutations), were identified. Of the novel missense mutations, nine are suspected to impair the conformational changes that are needed for AT activation, two to affect the central reactive loop or the heparin binding site, and six to impair the structural integrity of the molecule. Despite the heterogeneous background of AT deficiency, 10 AT variants occurred in multiple index patients. Characterisation of the SERPINC1 mutation profile in large cohorts of patients may help to further elucidate the pathogenesis of AT deficiency and to establish genotype-phenotype associations.

Effect of SF6 Assist Gas on Silicon Wafer Laser Processing

Reduction of debris adhesion and increasing the process performance by SF6 assist laser processing of silicon wafer was investigated. It is observed that debris adhesion was drastically reduced when SF6 gas was used to compare the case of He gas. Shadow graphic imaging experiments were shown a density contrast region in expanded gases, which would indicate the evaporation of silicon particles by chemical reaction with SF6 and silicon particles at the plasma-heating region. We found that process performance of SF6 assist laser processing was higher than the He assist processing, and debris adhesion was suppressed effectively in case where the intense plasma was formed during processing.

Improved white matter fiber tracking using stochastic labeling.

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) promises a robust means of visualizing in vivo white matter fibers in individual subjects, and of inferring direct connectivity between distant points in the brain. By following the primary eigenvector of the diffusion tensor, trajectories may be defined that trace the path of the underlying fiber tract. However, fiber tracking is prone to cumulative error from acquisition noise and partial volume, which limits the repeatability of such techniques. An image-processing method based on stochastic labeling, by which the noisy primary eigenvectors may be reconfigured according to anatomically reasonable assumptions, is described. The method's potential to improve fiber tracking is first demonstrated on numerical test data. It is then applied to real data acquired from healthy volunteers. Trajectories defined within the corpus callosum and the pyramidal tracts are rendered using 3D graphic imaging software, and the results are compared before and after processing. Fiber tracking was shown to produce anatomically plausible results, and typical errors were largely resolved by the method. Further, the sensitivity of trajectories to their start point was greatly reduced after processing. The use of stochastic labeling may therefore improve the reliability of experiments using white matter fiber tracking.

Newly Desiring and Desired

Newly Desiring and Desired

A Model for Internet Access to Remote Visual Scientific Instruments

Abstract The Microscope and Graphic Imaging Center (MAGIC) at California State University, Hayward, has developed a model for interactive remote shared access to visual and analytic scientific instrumentation (IRSA/VASI). Using specialized software over the Internet, instruments such as electron microscopes can be shared throughout the world. Remote access to a centralized microscope provides investigators with specialized equipment that they might not be able to purchase and support on their own. For those who already have such instruments, it affords access to additional equipment and permits them to use their own resources in a wider context. Remote control of instrumentation is being researched and developed at national laboratories, supercomputing centers, and universities. Remote access and control was successfully demonstrated in 19921 and since that time, there have been other major achievements. To demonstrate our model of interactive remote shared access to instrumentation, we have developed a system of software programs for remote control of a Philips XL-40 scanning electron microscope.

A Model Outreach Program for Teaching Scanning Electron Microscopy Technology: Successes and Failures

Abstract A partnership has developed between the Microscope and Graphic Imaging Center (MAGIC) at California State University, Hayward and Ohlone Community College. The purpose of the collaboration is to develop a program to allow community college students to gain experience in preparing and viewing samples using scanning electron microscopy technology. The learning module involves students from the Ohlone College Biology Majors Program and student mentors from CSUH. An additional component is the introduction of under-represented students into a Biology Fellowship Program in which they also participate in the SEM learning module. Participants for these programs are selected on the basis of their interest and how this experience will benefit them as expressed in a one-page written essay. Ten students are selected to participate in the programs. The objectives of the learning module are to: 1) learn specimen preparation techniques and develop skills in SEM technology; 2) gain hands-on experience and develop some laboratory skills necessary for effective use of a SEM in studying biological specimens; 3) share the experience gained with peers at their home institution.

Toward a standard for remote microscope control systems

AbstractRemote access to scientific instruments provides a way to share a variety of valuable resources with a worldwide audience. By pooling these resources and providing a common network and user interfaces to these resources, science researchers and educators will have capabilities that no one institution could afford. The Microscope And Graphic Imaging Center (MAGIC) at California State University, Hayward (CSU Hayward) is developing a model for such a system. We are developing model software for interactive remote‐shared access to an unmodified Philips XL 40 scanning electron microscope (SEM). Located within the Department of Biological Sciences, MAGIC provides facilities and expertise in specimen preparation as well as providing remote access to researchers and educators over the Internet. We have used a wide range of networking technologies, including modem, ISDN, Ethernet, T1, and ATM to control the SEM, and a wide range of image transmission technologies, including closed circuit TV, compressed video over ATM, and digital imaging (Smith et al. 1996a,b,c). We have taken a modular approach to software control which allows us to arrange key pieces in a variety of ways on a number of different platforms. Results indicate that under the correct conditions, access to expensive and sensitive commercially available scientific equipment can be shared by large research, educational, and industrial communities. However, care must be taken to address issues of security, robustness, and performance. Plans are to incorporate remote access into university, community college, and high school use starting in 1998. Based upon this experience, we propose a framework for standardizing remote access to visual scientific equipment. This framework consists of three layers: (1) clients, (2) servers, and (3) instruments. This approach will allow a wide variety of equipment to be shared in a flexible and uniform manner.