Graphene Oxide-based Nanomaterials Research Articles

Exploring the Application of Graphene Oxide-Based Nanomaterials in the Repair of Osteoporotic Fractures.

Osteoporotic fractures are induced by osteoporosis, which may lead to the degradation of bone tissues and microstructures and impair their healing ability. Conventional internal fixation therapies are ineffective in the treatment of osteoporotic fractures. Hence, developing tissue engineering materials is crucial for repairing osteoporotic fractures. It has been demonstrated that nanomaterials, particularly graphene oxide (GO), possess unique advantages in tissue engineering due to their excellent biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and osteoinductive abilities. Based on that, GO-nanocomposites have garnered significant attention and hold promising prospects for bone repair applications. This paper provides a comprehensive insight into the properties of GO, preparation methods for nanocomposites, advantages of these materials, and relevant mechanisms for osteoporotic fracture applications.

Graphene oxide-based nano-materials as catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction

Graphene oxide-based nano-materials as catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction

Degradation and optimization of microplastic in aqueous solutions with graphene oxide-based nanomaterials

Degradation and optimization of microplastic in aqueous solutions with graphene oxide-based nanomaterials

Antibiotics Removal from Aqueous Environments: A Mini Review on Graphene Oxide-based Nanomaterials Application

Antibiotics Removal from Aqueous Environments: A Mini Review on Graphene Oxide-based Nanomaterials Application

Synthesis of Graphene-Based Nanomaterials for Medicinal Applications: A Mini- Review

Abstract:“Graphene oxide” is obtained by the reaction of two-dimensional graphene sheets with oxygen-containing oxidants, like atomic oxygen (O), hydroxyl (OH) and carboxyl (COOH). Graphene oxide-based nanomaterials are an interesting topic in research due to the presence of distinctive physicochemical properties in them. Biocompatibility is an important factor for applications in tissue engineering. The catalytic activity of carbon-based catalysts has been deeply affected by their surface chemistry. The presence of oxygen functionality at the graphene oxide surface provides reactive sites for chemical alteration. Graphene oxide (GO), is currently being used in biotechnology and medicine for the treatment of cancer, drug delivery, and also for cellular imaging and as anti-viral agent etc. Also, GO is characterized by various physicochemical properties, like nanoscale size, high surface area, and electrical charge. Recent studies suggest that several factors affect the biocompatibility of carbon-based nanomaterials.

Removal of heavy metals and dyes from wastewater using graphene oxide-based nanomaterials: A critical review

Water has always been one of the most important and precious natural resources. However, due to the rapid growth of the population and industrial progress, the available resources of freshwater are decreasing in an alarming manner. The contamination of water by hazardous pollutants has prompted researchers to develop new, efficient and low-cost methods and materials for water treatment. Adsorption is one of the most effective ways to remove many pollutants, even at very low concentrations. Recently, new adsorbent nanomaterials, whose efficiency can be improved when exposed to external influences such as pH, agitation, and temperature have been used in research on wastewater treatment. Graphene oxide based nanomaterials and their composites are considered as promising adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals, dyes, and other hazardous pollutants from aqueous environments due to its distinctive physicochemical properties, such as chemical stability, huge surface area, high adsorption capacity and recyclability. The present review, with 198 articles included, summarizes the methods of synthesis and characterization of graphene oxide-based adsorbents, as well as their adsorption characteristics, mechanisms and kinetics of pollutants removal processes, the experimental parameters to be optimized, and the adsorption–desorption recycling processes. Several representative examples are reported in details. Also, the main challenges, treatment system economic, and future perspectives in the field are also highlighted.

Graphene oxide-based nanomaterials for the treatment of pollutants in the aquatic environment: Recent trends and perspectives – A review

Graphene oxide can be used to store energy, as electrodes and purify industrial and domestic wastewater as photocatalysts and adsorbents because of its remarkable thermal, electrical, and chemical capabilities. Toward understanding graphene oxide (GO) based nanomaterials considering the background factors, the present review study investigated their characteristics, preparation methods, and characterization processes. The removal of contaminants from wastewater has recently been a focus of attention for materials based on GO. Progress in GO synthesis and surface modification has shown that they can be used to immobilize enzymes. It is possible to immobilize enzymes with varying characteristics on graphene-oxide-based substrates without sacrificing their functioning, thus developing a new environmental remediation platform utilizing nano biocatalysts. GO doping and co-doping with a variety of heterogeneous semiconductor-based metal oxides were included in a brief strategy for boosting GO efficiency. A high band-gap material was also explored as a possibility for immobilization, which shifts the absorption threshold to the visible range and increases photoactivity. For water treatment applications, graphene-based nanomaterials were used in Fenton reactions, photocatalysis, ozonation, photo electrocatalysis, photo-Fenton, and a combination of photon-Fenton and photocatalysis. Nanoparticles made from GO improved the efficiency of composite materials when used for their intended applications. As a result of the analysis, prospects and improvements are clear, especially when it comes to scaling up GO-based wastewater treatment technologies.

Nanomaterial-Based Electrochemical Sensors for Environmental and Biomedical Applications

The rapid growth of pharmaceutical industries has led to new biomedical and environmental concerns. There is an urgent need for sensitive, portable and cost-effective sensors for the detection of pharmaceuticals to either track patient overdosing or to monitor the pollutants in the environment. Nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensing technologies can readily tackle the aforementioned problems, which spurred significant research interests recently [1-3]. In this presentation, the synthesis of nanoporous gold and graphene oxide-based nanomaterials for the electrochemical sensing of acetaminophen, naproxen and isoniazid is discussed. The design rationale and the performance of the proposed electrochemical sensors are highlighted. Specifically, the hierarchical nanoporous gold exhibited high sensitivity of 58.16 µAµM−1cm−2 and a low detection limit of 1.01 nM. In addition, it was found that the oxygen content of the graphene-based nanomaterials played a critical role in both sensing of naproxen and isoniazid. The proposed electrochemical sensors were further tested using real samples, which showed their promising applicability in biomedical and environmental applications.[1] J. van der Zalm, S. Chen, W. Huang, and A, Chen, J. Electrochem. Soc., 167 ,037532 (2020).[2] L. Qian, S. Durairaj, S. Prins, and A. Chen, Biosens. Bioelectron., 112836 (2020).[3] L. Qian, A.R. Thiruppathi, R. Elmahdy, J. van der Zalm, and A. Chen, Sensors., 20,1252 (2020).

Graphene Oxide-Based Nanomaterials for the Electrochemical Sensing of Isoniazid

Isoniazid is one of the most important antibiotics used for the treatment of tuberculosis. However, the associated side effects can be quite detrimental to human health, thus necessitating careful ...

Graphene Oxide-based Nanomaterials for Uranium Adsorptive Uptake

Graphene Oxide-based Nanomaterials for Uranium Adsorptive Uptake

Immobilization of formate dehydrogenase on polyethylenimine-grafted graphene oxide with kinetics and stability study.

Graphene oxide‐based nanomaterials are promising for enzyme immobilization due to the possibilities of functionalizing surface. Polyethylenimine‐grafted graphene oxide was constructed as a novel scaffold for immobilization of formate dehydrogenase. Compared with free formate dehydrogenase and graphene oxide adsorbed formate dehydrogenase, thermostability, storage stability, and reusability of polyethylenimine‐grafted graphene oxide‐formate dehydrogenase were enhanced. Typically, polyethylenimine‐grafted graphene oxide‐formate dehydrogenase remained 47.4% activity after eight times’ repeat reaction. The immobilized capacity of the polyethylenimine‐grafted graphene oxide was 2.4‐folds of that of graphene oxide. Morphological and functional analysis of polyethylenimine‐grafted graphene oxide‐formate dehydrogenase was performed and the assembling mechanism based on multi‐level interactions was studied. Consequently, this practical and facile strategy will likely find applications in biosynthesis, biosensing, and biomedical engineering.

Nanoecotoxicity assessment of graphene oxide and its relationship with humic acid.

The risk assessment of nanomaterials is essential for regulatory purposes and for sustainable nanotechnological development. Although the application of graphene oxide has been widely exploited, its environmental risk is not well understood because several environmental conditions can affect its behavior and toxicity. In the present study, the graphene oxide effect from aquatic ecosystems was assessed considering the interaction with humic acid on 9 organisms: Raphidocelis subcapitata (green algae), Lemna minor (aquatic plant), Lactuca sativa (lettuce), Daphnia magna (planktonic microcrustacean), Artemia salina (brine shrimp), Chironomus sancticaroli (Chironomidae), Hydra attenuata (freshwater polyp), and Caenorhabditis elegans and Panagrolaimus sp. (nematodes). The no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC) was calculated for each organism. The different criteria used to calculate NOEC values were transformed and plotted as a log-logistic function. The hypothetical 5 to 50% hazardous concentration values were, respectively, 0.023 (0.005-0.056) and 0.10 (0.031-0.31) mg L-1 for graphene oxide with and without humic acid, respectively. The safest scenario associated with the predicted no-effect concentration values for graphene oxide in the aquatic compartment were estimated as 20 to 100 μg L-1 (in the absence of humic acid) and 5 to 23 μg L-1 (in the presence of humic acid). Finally, the present approach contributed to the risk assessment of graphene oxide-based nanomaterials and the establishment of nano-regulations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1998-2012. © 2018 SETAC.

Facile fabrication of poly(ε-caprolactone)/graphene oxide membranes for bioreactors in tissue engineering

Promising polymer membranes of blended biocompatible poly(ε-caprolactone) and graphene oxide (PCL/GO) and PCL and partially reduced graphene oxide (PCL/rGO) with outstanding water and nutrient transport properties for cell culture bioreactors were prepared using phase inversion at mild temperatures. Some of the prepared PCL/GO membranes were subjected to a ‘chemical-free’ GO post-reductive process using UV (PCL/GO/UV) irradiation. The PCL/rGO membranes exhibited 2.5 times higher flux than previously reported biocompatible polymer membranes for cell culture bioreactors, which was attributed to the highly interconnected porosity. On the other hand, the formation of PCL-graphene oxide composites in the PCL/GO and PCL/GO/UV membranes was not conclusive according to spectroscopic analyses, thermal analyses and mechanical characterization, probably due to the low graphene oxide loading in the membranes (0.1%w/w). The presence of graphene oxide-based nanomaterials in the polymer matrix slightly reduced the mechanical properties of the PCL-graphene oxide membranes by limiting the polymer chain mobility in comparison to that of the plain PCL membranes. However, their mechanical stability was sufficient for the applications pursued. Finally, the biocompatibility assay indicated that the incorporation of GO and rGO into the PCL matrix enhanced the uniform distribution and morphology of the glioblastoma cells on the surface of the PCL-graphene oxide membranes.

The role of graphene oxide and graphene oxide-based nanomaterials in the removal of pharmaceuticals from aqueous media: a review.

In this review paper, the ill effects of pharmaceuticals (PhAs) on the environment and their adsorption on graphene oxide (GO) and graphene oxide-based (GO-based) nanomaterials have been summarised and discussed. The adsorption of prominent PhAs discussed herein includes beta-blockers (atenolol and propranolol), antibiotics (tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole), pharmaceutically active compounds (carbamazepine) and analgesics such as diclofenac. The adsorption of PhAs strictly depends upon the experimental conditions such as pH, adsorbent and adsorbate concentrations, temperature, ionic strength, etc. To understand the adsorption mechanism and feasibility of the adsorption process, the adsorption isotherms, thermodynamics and kinetic studies were also considered. Except for some cases, GO and its derivatives show excellent adsorption capacities for PhAs, which is crucial for their applications in the environmental pollution cleanup.

Application of graphene oxides and graphene oxide-based nanomaterials in radionuclide removal from aqueous solutions

With the fast development of nanoscience and nanotechnology, the nanomaterials have attracted multidisciplinary interests. The high specific surface area and large numbers of oxygen-containing functional groups of graphene oxides (GOs) make them suitable in the preconcentration and solidification of radionuclides from wastewater. In this paper, mainly based on the recent work carried out in our laboratory, the efficient elimination of radionuclides using GOs and GO-based nanomaterials as adsorbents are summarized and the interaction mechanisms are discussed from the results of batch techniques, surface complexation modeling, spectroscopic analysis and theoretical calculations. This review is helpful for the understanding of the interactions of radionuclides with GOs and GO-based nanomaterials, which is also crucial for the application of GOs and GO-based nanomaterials in environmental radionuclide pollution management and also helpful in nuclear waste management.

Graphene oxide-based nanomaterials for efficient photoenergy conversion

Graphene oxide nanomaterials with tunable electronic properties act as efficient photoenergy-conversion media in photoluminescence, photovoltaics, and photocatalytic water splitting.

Graphene oxide derivatives with variable alkyl chain length and terminal functional groups as supports for stabilization of cytochrome c

In this study we report the ability of reduced and non-reduced graphene oxide-based nanomaterials (GONs), modified with variable alkyl chain length and terminal functional groups, to act as effective scaffolds for the immobilization of cytochrome c (cyt c) using different immobilization procedures. The GONs/cyt c conjugates are characterized by a combination of techniques, namely atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron and FT-IR spectroscopies as well as thermo-gravimetric and differential thermal analysis. The effect of the structure of functional groups and the surface chemistry of GONs on the immobilization efficiency, the peroxidase activity and the stability of the cyt c was investigated and correlated with conformational changes on the protein molecule upon immobilization. The enhanced thermal stability (up to 2-fold) and increased tolerance (up to 25-fold) against denaturing agents observed for immobilized cyt c, indicates that these functionalized GONs are suitable as nanoscaffolds for the development of robust nanobiocatalysts.

Sorption of radionuclides from aqueous systems onto graphene oxide-based materials: a review

Graphene oxide-based nanomaterials are suitable materials for the preconcentration of radionuclides and heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions in environmental pollution cleanup.

Surface Modification of Membrane Filters Using Graphene and Graphene Oxide-Based Nanomaterials for Bacterial Inactivation and Removal

Surfaces of commercially available membrane filters were modified by the dispersion of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK), graphene (G), poly(N-vinylcarbazole)-graphene (PVK-G), graphene oxide (GO), and poly(N-vinylcarbazole)-graphene oxide (PVK-GO) in order to impart antibacterial properties. The successful coatings of the membranes were demonstrated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Investigations carried out on the surface-modified membrane filters using Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis showed that the presence of graphene-based nanomaterials significantly improved the antibacterial properties of the membrane filters. One of the mechanisms for this improved antimicrobial property of the filter was attributed to the production of reactive oxygen species by the nanomaterials. Among the nanomaterials used in this study, the PVK-GO-modified membrane filter exhibited the best removal of B. subtilis and E. coli with 4 and 3 log removals, respectiv...