Granite Powder Waste Research Articles

Evaluation of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Modified Cement-Lime Mortar Containing Recycled Granite Powder Waste as a Partial Fine Aggregate Replacement

This study aims to incorporate building and demolition waste, including lime and crushed granite, as partial alternatives for cement and fine aggregates, respectively, and to devise a plan to reduce their environmental effect resulting from their extensive prevalence in substantial amounts. The use of lime in paste, mortar, and concrete has become a common practice to regulate the environment, save resources, and improve performance in various settings. The first stage of this study investigated the effects of replacing different proportions (0%, 15%, 25%, 35%, and 50%) of lime powder with cement on the physical and mechanical properties of mortar specimens over 7, 28, and 90 days. The next phase of the research examined the impacts of substituting varying quantities (ranging from 10% to 100%) of granite powder in 15 different mixes, while keeping a consistent water-to-binder ratio of 0.45. The last part of the study consisted of an examination of data from previous research on cement mortar and lime-modified cement mortar. This included testing on flowability, standard consistency, setting time, flexural strength, and compressive strength. The acquired data underwent a statistical analysis, which resulted in the development of equations that may predict the mechanical characteristics of changed cement mortar mixes. These equations also highlight the impact of certain physical qualities on compressive and flexural strength.

The effect of using surface functionalized granite powder waste on fresh properties of 3D-printed cementitious composites

The production of low-emission additive manufactured cementitious composites using functionalized rock powders offers promising mechanical properties and significantly reduces cement consumption. The effect of powder functionalization on the rheological properties of the mixture remains unclear, so this study investigated how mechanical and chemical functionalization of granite powder waste affects the viscoelastic properties of a cementitious mixture for additive manufacturing. Compression tests were used to track stress-strain changes over time, while Vane and slug tests measured yield stress in mixes with 20 % and 40 % cement replaced by natural (NGP), sieved (SGP), and carbonated granite powder (CGP). The results showed that all three powders (NGP, SGP, and CGP) increased yield stress compared to the reference mix, with CGP having the smallest effect. The functionalization of granite powder may enable the creation of desirable viscoelastic mixtures using sustainable materials. We observed that functionalizing granite powder (SGP and CGP) accelerated changes in the mixture rheological properties, with yield stress increasing by up to 33 %, while NGP showed minimal impact, similar to the reference mix. Differences between the Vane and Slug test results were also identified and their limitations described.

The use of granite powder waste in cementitious composites

This paper focuses on literature analyses of the impact of granite powder waste on the properties of cementitious mixes and composites. The influence of weather conditions on the properties of granite rocks is also analysed. The grains of granite powder waste are characterized. It was noticed that the results of the literature do not answer the question of whether granite powder has a positive or negative effect on cementitious mixes. Typically, granite powder allows for increasing the mechanical and functional properties of composites. The article also describes the literature gaps related to the topic and indicates future research perspectives on the functionalization of granite powder waste. The author discusses correlations and the impact of granite powder on the properties of cementitious composites and compares it with the literature. This paper compares the results of different authors using standard testing procedures but with the application of different modifications of compositions of cementitious mixes. The possibility of reducing the production costs and CO2 emissions of cement composites with the use of granite powder waste was indicated. An increase in packing density connected with using of granite powder as an admixture in cementitious systems is described. Recommendations related to the use of granite powder in cementitious composites are listed.

Integration of machine learning models and metaheuristic algorithms for predicting compressive strength of waste granite powder concrete

The utilization of Granite Powder (GP), a by-product of granite processing, has arisen great attention due to environmental challenge posed by its casual disposal. To promote reasonable use of GP in concrete and obtain optimal ratio design of Granite Powder Concrete (GPC), this study explored four advanced machine learning models (Support Vector Machine (SVM), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), Random Forest (RF), and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP)) integrated with two novel metaheuristic algorithms (Salp Swarm Algorithms (SSA) and Ant Lion Optimizer (ALO)) to predict the compressive strength of GPC. The models consider seven effect factors on the compressive strength: cement, water, fine aggregate, granite powder, superplasticizer, coarse aggregates, and curing age. The comprehensive score ranking system was utilized four evaluation metrics to assess models’ performance: Coefficient of Determination (R2), Variance Accounted For (VAF), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Mean Square Error (MSE). In addition, Taylor diagrams and Regression Error Characteristic (REC) curves were used to compare the performance of the models. The results showed that the XGB-based hybrid model outperformed the other methods, with an optimal model of ALO-XGB achieving a high level of accuracy in predicting compressive strength. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of understanding the interplay between various factors and their effect on the mechanical properties of GPC, which can inform the development of more sustainable and environmentally friendly building materials.

Performance Evaluation of Polypropylene Fiber-Reinforced Pavement Quality Concrete Made with Waste Granite Powder

This research was conducted to evaluate the influence of waste granite powder (WGP) and polypropylene (PP) fibers on the performance of M35-grade pavement quality concrete (PQC). WGP was mixed in PQC as replacement for cement and was varied from 0% to 25%. The pozzolanic concert of WGP was examined by the strength activity index. The performance of PP fibers in PQC was assessed after the addition of fibers from 0.25% to 1.25% by volume of concrete. The mechanical properties of PQC were evaluated including the compressive strength, flexural strength, and various durability related properties such as the acid attack, absorption test, sorptivity test, and chloride penetration depth test. The results showed that PQC blended with WGP enhanced the strength slightly up to the replacement level of 15%. The addition of PP fibers rooted the reduction of the slump value; however, it improved the mechanical properties up to the presence of 0.5% PP fibers in PQC. The relationship between the compressive strength and flexural strength of WGP blended with PP fiber-reinforced PQC was established.

Comparative Analyses of Selected Neural Networks for Prediction of Sustainable Cementitious Composite Subsurface Tensile Strength

The article assesses comparative analyses of some selected machine-learning algorithms for the estimation of the subsurface tensile strength of cementitious composites containing waste granite powder. Any addition of material to cementitious composites causes their properties to differ; therefore, there is always a need to prepare a precise model for estimating these properties’ values. In this research, such a model of prediction of the subsurface tensile strength has been carried out by using a hybrid approach of using a nondestructive method and neural networks. Moreover, various topologies of neural networks have been evaluated with different learning algorithms and number of hidden layers. It has been proven by the very satisfactory results of the performance parameters that such an approach might be used in practice. The errors values (MAPE, NRMSE, and MAE) of this model range from 10 to 12%, which, in the case of civil engineering practice, proves that this model is sufficient for being used. This novel approach can be a reasonable alternative for evaluating the properties of spacious cementitious composite elements where there is a need to analyse not only the compressive strength but also its subsurface tensile strength.

Effect of the Partial Replacement of Cement with Waste Granite Powder on the Properties of Fresh and Hardened Mortars for Masonry Applications.

Granite is a well-known building and decorative material, and, therefore, the amount of produced waste in the form of granite powder is a problem. Granite powder affects the health of people living near landfills. Dust particles floating in the air, which are blown by gusts of wind, can lead to lung silicosis and eye infections, and can also affect the immune system. To find an application for this kind of waste material, it was decided to study the effect of partially replacing cement with waste granite powder on the properties of fresh and hardened mortars intended for masonry applications. The authors planned to replace 5%, 10%, and 15% of cement with waste material. Series of mortar with the addition of granite powder achieved 50% to 70% of the compressive strength of the reference series, and 60% to 76% of the bending strength of the reference series. The partial replacement of cement with the granite powder significantly increased the water sorption coefficient. The consistency of the fresh mortar, and its density and water absorption also increased when compared to the reference series. Therefore, Granite powder can be used as a partial replacement of cement in masonry mortars.

The influence of granite powder waste and the addition of fly ash on concrete bleeding

AbstractBleeding is a common problem in concrete slabs, and may lead to serious damage. The goal of this article is to understand the impact of alternative binders and their properties on the bleeding of concrete. Therefore, the impact of the type of binder on the bleeding process is investigated. The results show that the addition of granite powder or fly ash allows for the increased control of the bleeding process. It was found that a finer particle size distribution (PSD), an increased specific surface area (SSA), and a higher bulk density may reduce the amount of dispensed water in the concrete mix. Furthermore, the use of additives with an increased SSA leads to even a 30% reduction of the bleeding rate of mixes. The utilization of additives with a finer PSD than cement enables a 37% reduction of the bleeding rate of mixes. The influence of bleeding on compressive strength was assessed using destructive and non‐destructive tests: Replacing 30% of cement with granite powder leads to a 30% reduction of concrete strength after 28 days of curing; on the other hand, replacing 30% of cement with siliceous fly ash leads to an 18% reduction of strength. Importantly, bleeding was also found to lead to the heterogeneity of the physical and mechanical properties across the concrete section. Consequently, the proper control of the bleeding process leads to more homogeneous properties of concrete across its cross‐section.

Waste granite powders as fillers in epoxy coatings: A case study in a car repair workshop

Epoxy coatings of floors are a very good solution for car repair workshops. Epoxy coatings provide the floor with resistance to oil, fuel, and grease staining. The floor surface is very easy to clean. To support sustainable development, a filler in the form of waste granite powder was added to the epoxy coating. In a car repair workshop, an epoxy coating of the floor was made according to the recipe previously developed in laboratory tests. The pull-off strength of the concrete substrate was tested before and after the mechanical treatment of concrete surface. The pull-off strength of the epoxy coating was also tested. The obtained results were compared with the laboratory results. It has been proved that the waste granite filler does not deteriorate the pull-off strength of the epoxy coating and thus its durability. The waste granite powder can be successfully applied as a filler in real epoxy coatings of floors.

Preparation and performance of autoclaved aerated concrete reinforced by dopamine-modified polyethylene terephthalate waste fibers

• Waste granite powder and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber were used to prepare autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC). • A simple and efficient process was used to improve the interface bonding of the composites. • The flexural and compressive strengths of the AAC with the modified waste PET fiber increased by 37.2% and 12.7%, respectively. The low tensile and flexural strengths make autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) susceptible to cracking and damage during transportation and service. This study investigated the use of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber as AAC reinforcement, which is a byproduct from the textile industry. Meanwhile, waste granite powder from stone plate processing byproducts was used as a siliceous material in the preparation of fiber-reinforced AAC composites. The waste PET fibers were modified by dopamine hydrochloride to improve the interfacial adhesion between the fibers and the AAC matrix. Results showed that the AAC blocks with 0.1 wt% PET fiber (1 mm in length and 18 μm in diameter) increased the compressive and flexural strengths by 6.0 % and 28.4 %, respectively. By adding 2 g/L dopamine-modified waste PET fiber, the compressive and flexural strengths of the blocks were further increased by 12.7 % and 37.2 %, respectively. The PET fibers were characterized using water contact angle test, SEM, FTIR, XPS, and TG analyses. It was confirmed that the amino and hydroxyl groups were grafted onto the modified fiber surface, leading to improved hydrophilicity and reactivity of the fibers and thus enhanced interfacial bonding between the fibers and the AAC matrix.

Towards the Cleaner Production of Cementitious Materials with the Synergistic Addition of Granite Powder Waste and Fly Ash

Towards the Cleaner Production of Cementitious Materials with the Synergistic Addition of Granite Powder Waste and Fly Ash

Design of a machine learning model for the precise manufacturing of green cementitious composites modified with waste granite powder

In this study, a machine learning model for the precise manufacturing of green cementitious composites modified with granite powder sourced from quarry waste was designed. For this purpose, decision tree, random forest and AdaBoost ensemble models were used and compared. A database was created containing 216 sets of data based on an experimental study. The database consists of parameters such as the percentage of cement substituted with granite powder, time of testing and curing conditions. It was shown that this method for designing green cementitious composite mixes, in terms of predicting compressive strength using ensemble models and only three input parameters, can be more accurate and much more precise than the conventional approach. Moreover, to the best of the authors' knowledge, artificial intelligence has been one of the most effective and precise methods used in the design and manufacturing industry in recent decades. The simplicity of this method makes it more suitable for construction practice due to the ease of evaluating the input variables. As the push towards decreasing carbon emissions increases, a method for designing green cementitious composites without producing waste that is more precise than traditional tests performed in a laboratory is essential.

Adhesive properties of an epoxy resin bonding agent modified with waste granite powder

Adhesive properties of an epoxy resin bonding agent modified with waste granite powder

Study on the Effect of Amorphous Silica from Waste Granite Powder on the Strength Development of Cement-Treated Clay for Soft Ground Improvement

Granite powder (stone powder), a waste product generated from stone quarries, is increasingly being reused in cement-treated clays. The particle size of stone powders affects the cement-clay reaction by either increasing or reducing the unconfined compressive strength (UCS). This study investigated this phenomenon by separating stone powder from the same batch at the quarry into five particle sizes (A, B, C, D and E: 106–75 µm, 40–75 µm, 20–40 µm, <20 µm and 106–<1 µm, respectively). Flow value, fall cone, UCS and thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), X-ray fluorescence, electrical conductivity and NaOH digestion tests were conducted. It was discovered that stone powder had an amorphization rate of up to 1.45% (14.5 mg/g of amorphous silica); hence, it was pozzolanic. However, the amorphousness varied with the particle size of the material in the order of D > E > C > B > A, which translated into UCS variation in the same order. Stone powders D and E played two roles in UCS development, i.e., nucleation of cementitious products and reaction with Ca(OH)2 to increase the UCS higher than the control sample. Linear regression equations determined the minimum concentration of amorphous silica for a UCS increment as 9.4 mg/g.

Influence of stone powder content and particle size on the strength of cement-treated clay

Particle size of additive geomaterials could affect the cement–clay reaction, thereby reducing strength. The effects of five particle sizes (A, B, C, D and E: >75, 40–75, 20–40, <20 and < 1–106 µm, respectively) of waste granite powder in cement-treated clay mixed composites were investigated. The effects on the liquid limit, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and microstructural characteristics were investigated. The particle size influenced the UCS in the order of D > A > C > B, and D exhibited higher UCS than the control sample. The increase in the UCS was due to the increased surface area and pozzolanic reactivity of stone powder D. A reduction in the UCS of cement-treated clay–stone powder E composites occurred as compared to the control sample with a 30% stone powder addition, and equal or improved strength was observed with 50% and 70% additions. Owing to the UCS increment derived from stone powder, we could reduce 28.6% of the cement.

Influence of Waste Marble Powder and Waste Granite Powder on the Mechanical and Durability Performance of Concrete

Industries produces large amount of marble and granite waste powder. These wastes are of two types, one of them is wet form which is impure form because it mixes with soil. And the other one is in powder form which is the pure form of marble waste and granite waste. These wastes are dumped in to the open land which cause serious environmental issues such as land problem, water problem and other deterioration. We can use these wastes to overcome environmental issues. Moreover, we can use these wastes in concrete to reduce construction economy. Waste marble powder, when we use in concrete, gives us good result in mechanical and durability characteristic of concrete. We used marble powder and granite powder with limited replacement of cement at 0%, 5%, 10% to check the performance of concrete in its mechanical and durability characteristics. This thesis describes a detailed experimental study on concrete’s tensile strength and compressive strength and concrete water absorption. Better outcomes were obtained at 5-10% replacement of cement with these wastes. Concrete’s durability and mechanical characteristics were improved by increasing waste granite with limited replacing of cement up to 10%. Determined Results show that a little content of marble dust and waste granite powder with limited replacement of cement will lower construction economy, reduce the cement quantity and gives better results in compressive strength

Using Fine Silica Sand and Granite Powder Waste to Control Free Swelling Behavior of High Expansive Soil

Many researchers have been interested in studying the effect of adding local natural materials or construction waste on the properties of poor subgrade soil. However, changes in size and strength of expansive soils can cause extensive damage to the geotechnical infrastructure. This damage is often repeatable and latent in the long term, and is a critical issue in highway subgrade engineering. This paper examines the effect of adding both Fine Silica Sand (FSS) and Granite Cutting Powder Waste (GPW) materials on the welling characteristics of expansive soils. Atterberg limits, free swell index, and rate of swell of the mixtures were used as a key to assess properties of a group of expansive soil samples after adding different percentages of the mentioned materials. The rates of additions were 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60 and 70% of the weight of the soil samples. The test results showed that FSS and GPW significantly affect the expansive soil properties. However, adding 70% of both FSS and GPW reduced the swelling index from 58.3% to 6.6% and from 58.3% to 11% after 7 days of curing, respectively. This study suggests that the Fine Silica Sand and Granite Powder Waste can be used as stabilizers for expansive highly plastic soils.

Steel mill scale waste and granite powder waste in concrete production -An experimental study

Fine aggregate is one of the large scale consuming materials in the construction industry. In general, river sand has been used as a fine aggregate for making concrete, mortar, etc. This river sand becoming one of the expensive materials due to its transportation from the source point and rapid consumption in the construction sector. Owing to the above circumstances, the concrete and construction industry needs a substitute for fine aggregate to be found. In this investigation, M20 grade concrete with the replacement of sand by steel mill scale waste and granite powder waste from 10% to 100% with the increments of 10%. This paper presents a detailed experimental study on compressive strength, bulk density, and water absorption of the M20 grade concrete containing steel mill scale and granite powder. The experimental outcomes indicate that the use of steel mill scale and granite powder in concrete showed improvement in the performance of concrete in strength and as well as in durability aspects.

Characterization of novel composites from polybenzoxazine and granite powder

The potential of using granite dust as reinforcement into polybenzoxazine matrix was investigated. In this article, novel granite powder waste-reinforced bisphenol-A aniline-based benzoxazine composites were prepared using solution blending technique by varying the content of granite powder from 10 to 40 wt%. The effect of the granite powder content on the thermal, structural, dimensional, and morphological properties of granite powder/polybenzoxazine composites have been investigated. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed on the composite samples. Char yield of the composites increased from 44.55 to 67.70% for increasing filler content from 10 to 40wt%, whereas 22% for pure polybenzoxazine. The maximum weight loss temperatures of the composites were analyzed from derivative of thermogravimetric analysis (DTG). Limiting oxygen index (LOI) values also increased as granite powder content increased. Structural properties of benzoxazine, polybenzoxazine, and composites were observed with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Dimensional stability of the composites was investigated through the water absorption test up to 30 days. The composites exhibited zero percent water absorption. Micro-hardness of the composites increased from 17.45 to 78.66% for increasing filler content from 10–40 wt% when compared with pristine polybenzoxazine. The morphological analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the distribution of filler, aggregate formation, compatibility between polybenzoxazine and granite powder. Overall, the importance of using granite powder waste as reinforcement in polybenzoxazine composites revealed from results of the structural, dimensional, and morphological analysis along with the improvement in thermal properties and micro-hardness.

Towards the sustainable use of granite powder waste for manufacturing of cementitious composites

The article is devoted to the description of the current state of knowledge about the possibilities of sustainable use of granite powder waste for manufacturing of cementitious composites. Granite powder waste is waste material resulting from the treatment of granite stone. In dry form, it is harmful to the environment and causes its degradation. One way to reduce its harmful effects is to use it for the sustainable production of cement composites and to use it as supplementary cementitious material (SCM). The results of researches carried out so far related to the impact of granite powder waste on the properties of fresh and hardened cementitious mixes are described. These results were compared and research gaps related to these studies were indicated. In summary, conclusions have been pointed out that indicate that granite powder waste can potentially be used as supplementary cementitious material, but comprehensive, comprehensive research related to this additive should also be carried out.