Positioning System GPS Research Articles

GPS/Beidou fusion positioning technology for transmission line grounding line

The grounding wire plays a role in buffering high-voltage electricity in power transmission lines. However, during operation, it is difficult for personnel to obtain real-time information about the location of the grounding wire. The existing positioning technology for grounding wires in power transmission lines can prevent accidents caused by missing grounding wires or transmitting electricity through grounding wires. However, due to the vast scale of power transmission lines, there are often limited visible satellites and poor satellite signal quality, resulting in insufficient accuracy of satellite positioning and navigation. This paper first discusses the necessity of online monitoring of grounding wires in power transmission lines. Then, based on this, it introduces the positioning methods of GPS and Beidou positioning systems. Finally, it focuses on the GPS/Beidou fusion positioning technology. Through experimental verification, the GPS/Beidou fusion positioning technology is shown to greatly enhance the reliability of positioning by coordinating and complementing various navigation systems.

Design of Intelligent Pineapple Spraying Device Based on Multi-Sensor Fusion

Aiming at the problems of low efficiency, dangerous operation and uneven spraying in pineapple spraying technology, an intelligent spraying device based on multi-sensor fusion was designed. Through real-time acquisition of the driving speed and pineapple plant height data of the intelligent spraying device, adaptive Kalman algorithm was used to filter and improve the system accuracy, and the relationship model of spraying flow, vehicle speed and pineapple height information was constructed, so as to achieve the goal of accurate spraying. Through experimental tests, the TOF detection module can make the error less than 3cm by integrating the new generation adaptive Kalman filtering algorithm. The fusion weighted filtering algorithm of GPS positioning system can reach the accuracy of 0.1m/s. The relative error between the actual flow rate and the theoretical flow rate of the spraying device is within 5%. The experimental results show that the intelligent spraying device based on multi-sensor fusion can realize accurate spraying of pineapple and solve the problems of low spraying efficiency, dangerous operation and uneven spraying of pineapple.

Imbalanced Anomaly Detection Using Augmented Deeper FCDDs for Wooden Sleeper Deterioration Prognostics

Maintaining high standards for user safety during daily railway operations is crucial for railway managers. To aid in this endeavor, top or side-view cameras and GPS positioning systems have facilitated progress toward automating periodic inspections of defective features and assessing the deteriorating status of railway components. However, collecting data on deteriorated status can be time-consuming and requires repeated data acquisition because of the extreme temporal occurrence imbalance. In supervised learning, thousands of paired data sets containing defective raw images and annotated labels are required. Concretely, the one-class classification approach offers the advantage of requiring quite a few anomalous images to optimize parameters for training large normal images. The deeper fully-convolutional data descriptions (FCDDs) were applicable to several damage data sets of concrete/steel components in structures, and fallen tree, and wooden building collapse in disasters. However, it is not yet known to feasible to railway components. In this study, we devised a prognostic discriminator pipeline to automate one class classification using the augmented deeper FCDDs for defective railway components. We also performed sensitivity analysis of the mixture and erasing augmentations, and the deeper backbone rather than the shallow baseline of convolutional neural network (CNN) with 27 layers. Furthermore, we visualized defective railway features by using transposed Gaussian upsampling. We demonstrated our application to railway inspection using a video acquisition dataset that contains wooden sleeper deterioration. Finally, we examined the usability of our approach for prognostic monitoring and fu ture work on railway component inspection.

Development and Implementation of a Smartphone Application for Tsunami Evacuation

Soft countermeasures help to reduce casualties in the event of tsunami, and the present study proposes the use of a smartphone application to aid with a smooth evacuation. The application, developed via Unity3D, which is a well-known game platform engine, aims to accurately reproduce the area of interest by showing the location of refuge places within the natural and constructed environment. A GPS-positioning system was incorporated in the application, such that users could easily identify their location and that of the designated refuge sites. This can be helpful for coastal areas that are popular sightseeing destination, especially for visitors who are unfamiliar with the region. The effectiveness of the smartphone application was further investigated by conducting evacuation experiments using human participants in Kamakura city, which is an area vulnerable to earthquake-induced tsunamis. Two groups were tested to compare the effectiveness of the developed smartphone application: One control group without the application, and the other with the application. The results revealed that the participants that were using the smartphone application took shorter evacuation times, travelled slower, were less likely to pay attention to tsunami evacuation signs, and covered less distance to arrive at the designated refuge places.

A brief overview to give a new perspective on mole drainage

Draining excess water from the soil is the general purpose of drainage. Thus, soil protection is provided and product losses are prevented. Mole drainage consists of underground galleries that act as piped drainage. This type of drainage is mostly used successfully in clay, organic, and highly cohesive soils. It is used successfully in areas with high groundwater, during the improvement of salty and sodium soils. The biggest benefit of mole drainage is cheap and economical. In the mole drainage method, tunnels are opened under the tillage depth with a torpedo-shaped piece at the end of a foot extending under the soil. These tunnels are called mole drains. In the mole drainage method, the channels are built with mole drain plows and subsoilers. In order to benefit more effectively from mole drainages, parameters such as suitable working width, working depth and slope must be finely adjusted. For this, modern alternatives such as GPS and laser positioning systems can be used.

Cyclists as Intelligent Carriers of Space-Time Environmental Information: Crowd-Sourced Sensor Data for Local Air Quality Measurement and Mobility Analysis in the Netherlands

ABSTRACT In recent years, slow travel modes (walking, cycling) have gained much interest in the context of urban air quality management. This article presents the findings from a novel air quality measurement experiment in the Netherlands, by regarding cyclists as carriers and transmitters of real-world information on fine-grained air quality conditions. Using individual sensors on bicycles—connected to a GPS positioning system—online local pollution information originating from cyclists’ detailed spatial mobility patterns is obtained. Such air quality surface maps and cyclists’ mobility maps are then used to identify whether there are significant differences between the actual route choice and the cyclists’ shortest route choice, so as to identify the implications of poor air quality conditions for their mobility choices. Thus, the article seeks to present both a detailed pollution surface map and the complex space-time mobility patterns of cyclists in a region, on the basis of online quantitative data—at any point in time and space—from bicycle users in a given locality. In addition, the article estimates their response—in terms of route choice—to detailed air-quality information through the use of a novel geoscience-inspired analysis of space-time “big data.” The empirical test of our quantitative modeling approach was carried out for the Greater Utrecht area in the Netherlands. Our findings confirm that spatial concentration of air pollutants have great consequences for bike users’ route choice patterns, especially in the case of non-commuting trips. We also find that cyclists make longer trips on weekends and in the evenings, especially towards parks and natural amenities.

Highly-efficient cold energy storage enabled by brine phase change material gels towards smart cold chain logistics

Cold chain logistics is an important technology to ensure the quality and preservation of food, drugs and biological samples. In this work, novel brine phase change material gels (BPCMGs) are proposed by loading the eutectic brine in super absorbent polymer (SAP) to realize the highly-efficient cold energy storage towards the cold chain transportation. Potassium chloride (KCl) and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) are dissolved in water to form the eutectic brine PCM on account of its phase change temperature near −21 °C for the refrigerated transport of aquatic products and biological samples. SAP with excellent brine adsorption capacity can provide the free-standing feature for the BPCMGs. The resulted BPCMGs demonstrate eliminated supercooling, high latent heat of 230.62 Jg−1, high thermal conductivity of 0.589 Wm−1 K−1 and high cost-effectiveness of 7.63 × 10−6 $J−1. The BPCMGs also possess stable thermophysical properties after 200 cycles. Taking advantages of the above merits, the BPCMGs are applied in the cold chain logistics of aquatic products and biological samples. The cold storage times reach 21.44 h and 16.37 h for aquatic products and biological samples when the stored cold energy is 691,800 J. Furthermore, the temperatures and locations of the cold storage box can be real-time monitored remotely by equipping with temperature sensor, GPS positioning system and a smart phone. This work creates a state-of-the-art alternative for the next-generation cold energy storage materials and cold energy storage equipment.

A Review on Indoor Positioning Technologies and its Principles

This paper aims to provide the reader with a review of the main technologies present in the literature to solve the indoor localization problem that is indoor positioning without GPS. Location detection has been implemented very successfully in outdoor environments using GPS technology. GPS has had a great impact on our daily lives by supporting a large number of applications. However, in indoor environments, the availability of GPS or equivalent satellite-based positioning systems is limited due to the lack of line of sight and attenuation of the GPS signal when they pass through walls. The goal of this paper is to provide a technical perspective on indoor positioning systems, including a wide range of technologies and methods.

On-Board car diagnostics

The article deals with the history of the development of automotive on-Board control systems since the late 60s of the last century to the present time, the assessment of their effectiveness. The perspective directions of development of onboard systems of control of a technical condition with use of global positioning systems GLONASS and GPS, the technology of "augmented reality" are described. Keywords diagnostics, OBD, KAN Protocol, global positioning system GLONASS and GPS, "augmented reality" technology

Design and Development of GPS Navigation and Positioning System based on AutoCAD Platform

According to the design of the software system, the positioning chip configured in the positioning terminal can be GPS, or a hybrid positioning system, plus optional position differential function, which ensures the positioning accuracy and maintains data security at the same time. Software system using cloud computing technology and C/S, B/S hybrid architecture for development, the system can be deployed on an ordinary PC to achieve greater capacity and higher performance, companies or individuals only need to be equipped with positioning terminals can directly use the system, but also according to their own needs to further modify the system realized in this paper customized. This greatly reduces the development and maintenance costs of the system and is beneficial to the promotion and use of the system. The satellite positioning information is received from the positioning terminal, decoded according to the present decoding algorithm, and sent to the database server for storage; remote control commands are received from the terminal administrator, processed, and sent to the positioning terminal. Web server, which provides access service to the user's operation platform. Service server, which provides service support for business logic to the user operation platform. The user operation platform is divided into the ordinary user operation platform and the terminal administrator operation platform.

Research on GPS Data Frame Analysis

With the continuous development of GPS positioning technology and the popularization of applications, more and more GPS receivers emerge at the right moment. UM220-III supports big dipper / GPS, higher integration, excellent positioning timing function, high sensitivity design. In this paper, a low cost GPS positioning system based on STM8S is proposed, which analyzes the GPS data frame and has high positioning accuracy, the positioning information and the position accuracy factor of the observation point both obtain higher positioning accuracy.

Automated Resistivity Profiling (ARP) to Explore Wide Archaeological Areas: The Prehistoric Site of Mont’e Prama, Sardinia, Italy

This paper deals with the resistivity continuous surveys on extensive area carried out at the Mont’e Prama archaeological site, in Sardinia (Italy). From 2013 to 2015, new research was performed using both non-destructive surveys and traditional archaeological excavations. The measurements were done in order to find geophysical anomalies related to unseen buried archaeological remains and to define the spatial extension of the ancient necropolis. The electrical resistivity of soils was measured by means of the Automated Resistivity Profiling (ARP©) system. This multi-pole method provided high-resolution maps of electrical resistivity in the whole investigated area using a computer-assisted acquisition tool, towed by a small vehicle. Through this acquisition layout, a surface of 22,800 m2 was covered. The electrical resistivity data were derived in real time with centimetric horizontal precision through a differential GPS positioning system. Thanks to the simultaneous acquisition of ARP and GPS data, the rigorous georeferencing of the tridimensional experimental dataset was made possible, as well as the reconstruction of a detailed Digital Terrain Model. Here, the experimental results are analyzed and critically discussed by means of the integration of the results obtained by a high-resolution prospection performed with a multi-channel Ground Penetrating Radar system and taking into account other information derived from previous geological and archaeological studies. Geophysical results, jointly with topographic reconstruction, clearly permitted the identification of more interesting areas where future archaeological investigations could be focused.

Submarine Target Recognition Based on Gps Positioning System

With the development of transportation and the rapid spread of travel tools, economic exchanges around the world have become more frequent. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is an all-weather, high-precision, wide-coverage electronic navigation device that plays an important role in identifying submarine targets. The key technology of GPS is the real-time accurate extraction of targets, and the essence of target extraction is image segmentation. In order to achieve the purpose of seabed target recognition, a simple and effective method is proposed. In this paper, image points of active target image features are calculated by image processing to achieve positioning of the target. The neural network is used to establish the coordinate correspondence of the target from the image space to the GPS positioning system space to locate the submarine space moving target. Based on the positioning principle of GPS technology, the navigation technology of submarine target recognition is studied. A multi-target detection experiment for submarine target location was carried out. The results show that the multi-target recognition and positioning system based on GPS positioning system combined with sonar image design, the target recognition accuracy rate is over 93%, which meets the technical requirements of the detection system. Improving the identification of submarine targets is important.

Improved indoor positioning based on range-free RSSI fingerprint method

Abstract As the development of modern science and technology, LBS and location-aware computing are increasingly important in the practical applications. Currently, GPS positioning system is a mature positioning technology used widely, but signals are easily absorbed, reflected by buildings, and attenuate seriously. In such situation, GPS positioning is not suitable for using in the indoor environment. Wireless sensor networks, such as ZigBee technology, can provide RSSI (received signal strength indicator) which can be used for positioning, especially indoor positioning, and therefore for location based services (LBS).The authors are focused on the fingerprint database method which is suitable for calculating the coordinates of a pedestrian location. This positioning method can use the signal strength indication between the reference nodes and positioning nodes, and design algorithms for positioning. In the wireless sensor networks, according to whether measuring the distance between the nodes in the positioning process, the positioning modes are divided into two categories which are range-based and range-free positioning modes. This paper describes newly improved indoor positioning method based on RSSI fingerprint database, which is range-free. Presented fingerprint database positioning can provide more accurate positioning results, and the accuracy of establishing fingerprint database will affect the accuracy of indoor positioning. In this paper, we propose a new method about the average threshold and the effective data domain filtering method to optimize the fingerprint database of ZigBee technology. Indoor experiment, which was conducted at the University of Warmia and Mazury, proved that the distance achieved by this system has been extended over 30 meters without decreasing the positioning accuracy. The weighted nearest algorithm was chosen and used to calculate user’s location, and then the results were compared and analyzed. As a result, the positioning accuracy was improved and error did not exceed 0.69 m. Therefore, such system can be easily applied in a bigger space inside the buildings, underground mines or in the other location based services.

Chirp-rate quasi-orthogonality based DSSS-CDMA system for underwater acoustic channel

Underwater network node positioning is a key supporting technology for underwater networks. Generally, nodes at known locations (anchor nodes) are used to transmit location information to the node to be located, and the node to be located performs location calculation according to the arrival time of the received information, which requires multiple access communication between the anchor nodes and the node to be located. In order to reduce the multiple access interference (MAI) and distinguish the information of different anchor nodes, it is necessary to study the underwater multiple access method. The GPS positioning system uses direct sequence spread spectrum code division multiple access(DSSS-CDMA) technology, and the positioning satellite transmits a signal formed by the BPSK modulation by transmitting a pseudo-random sequence (PN sequence) to the binary code sequence corresponding to the navigation message to the user equipment to be located. The underwater acoustic (UWA) channel has a complex multipath structure and Doppler effect, which causes a large interference to the communication system. Compared with narrowband communication, spread spectrum communication has a strong anti-interference ability, and can maintain the reliability of the communication system in the UWA channel. Based on this, this paper proposes a quasi-orthogonal Chirp-rate based DSSS-CDMA method under UWA channel, and carries out simulation analysis and experimental verification.

Construction of Pre-hospital and In-hospital Emergency Medical Service System Based on 5G Communication Technology

Objective To explore a new platform for pre-hospital and in-hospital emergency medical services based on a new generation of 5G communication technology, providing a basis for further improving the level of emergency medical services. Methods This study was conducted at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from October 2017 to April 2019. Based on the latest requirements of emergency medical services at home and abroad, the cross-enterprise and multi-disciplinary technical forces were organized to build platform. Firstly, to determine the process of pre-hospital and in-hospital emergency medical services, various modules and technical routes were constructed under 5G conditions and individual technologies were tested one by one. Then they were gradually integrated into two platforms of ambulance and hospital emergency. Finally, the simulation test is carried out under the support of the whole 5G network. Results The pre-hospital and in-hospital emergency medical service platform based on 5G technology comprises of 5G ambulance, 5G panoramic VR real-time display system, 5G remote ultrasonic examination system, medical drone system, and 5G emergency command platform. 5G ambulance contains medical equipments such as multi-function monitor, ventilator, defibrillation monitor, portable B-ultrasound, high-definition remote video interactive system based on 5G network, VR immersive real-time panoramic experience system, and GPS positioning system. 5G panoramic VR real-time display system includes VR panoramic camera and VR glasses. The wearer with VR glasses can view the real-time situation on the ambulance, which makes a preliminary judgment on the patient's condition and provides rescue guidance. 5G remote ultrasonic examination system integrates robot technology, real-time remote control technology, and ultrasonic imaging technology. The specialist can control the movement of the ultrasonic probe set on the 5G ambulance by manipulating the mechanical arm. The patient's image and color super-picture can also be simultaneously returned to the specialist. The medical drone system enables the medical resources to be allocated in the shortest possible time through the 5G networked drones, so as to eliminate the delay caused by traffic congestion. 5G emergency command platform can integrate, transmit, and display data from multiple sources and forms through web pages in assistance of AI and internet of things. Conclusions The new platform for pre-hospital and in-hospital emergency medical services based on 5G technology can realize more fluent information exchange in pre-hospital and in-hospital, and realize the functions that are difficult to achieve under the previous network conditions. Key words: 5G communication technology; Emergency medical service system; Pre-hospital and in-hospital communication

A new Wi-Fi/ GPS fusion method for robust positioning in urban environments

This paper presents a tracking framework for enhancing the positioning accuracy of a mobile device by fusing the positions provided by a GPS navigation system and those obtained using Wi-Fi signal strength measurements, in urban environments. To achieve an efficient fusion, a structure based on two particle filters and a Multiple Model (MM) approach is proposed. It fuses the information coming from these two independent technologies, to overcome their own drawbacks. Indeed, the Wi-Fi and GPS are viewed as two models, whose probabilities are calculated using a Transition Probability Matrix (TPM) and a Mixing Likelihood Function (MLF). These probabilities are then used to combine the mobile state estimates, provided by the two particle filters. Matched to the two models, these filters interact by exchanging a part of their particles. The proposed architecture is experimentally evaluated and compared with the pure Wi-Fi and GPS positioning systems and other fusion methods. The results indicate that the positioning errors of the proposed scheme are the lowest.

Nondestructive Evaluation of Concrete Bridge Decks with Automated Acoustic Scanning System and Ground Penetrating Radar.

Delamanintions and reinforcement corrosion are two common problems in concrete bridge decks. No single nondestructive testing method (NDT) is able to provide comprehensive characterization of these defects. In this work, two NDT methods, acoustic scanning and Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), were used to image a straight concrete bridge deck and a curved intersection ramp bridge. An acoustic scanning system has been developed for rapid delamination mapping. The system consists of metal-ball excitation sources, air-coupled sensors, and a GPS positioning system. The acoustic scanning results are presented as a two-dimensional image that is based on the energy map in the frequency range of 0.5–5 kHz. The GPR scanning results are expressed as the GPR signal attenuation map to characterize concrete deterioration and reinforcement corrosion. Signal processing algorithms for both methods are discussed. Delamination maps from the acoustic scanning are compared with deterioration maps from the GPR scanning on both bridges. The results demonstrate that combining the acoustic and GPR scanning results will provide a complementary and comprehensive evaluation of concrete bridge decks.

Design of Electric Patrol UAVs Based on a Dual Antenna System

China completed the construction of more than 1.15 million kilometers of transmission lines with conventional voltage levels spanning its vast territory in 2014. This large and complicated power grid structure relies mainly on manual operation and maintenance of lines. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with high-definition digital video cameras and cameras and GPS positioning systems can conduct autonomous patrols along the grid. However, the presence of electromagnetic fields around high-voltage transmission lines can affect the UAV’s magnetometer, resulting in a wrong heading and thus unsafe flight. In this paper, the traditional method of UAV heading calculation using a magnetometer was analyzed, and a novel method for calculating UAV heading based on dual antennas was proposed. Experimental data showed that the proposed method improves the anti-magnetic interference characteristics of UAVs and increases UAV security and stability for power inspection applications.

Single-Frequency Kinematic Performance Comparison between Galileo, GPS, and GLONASS Satellite Positioning Systems Using an MMS-Generated Trajectory as a Reference: Preliminary Results

The initial Galileo satellite positioning services, started on December 15, 2016, became available with a formal announcement by the European Commission. This first step toward the Galileo system Full Operational Capability (FOC) has allowed many researchers to test the new system. The aim of this paper is to illustrate the results and the conclusions of a kinematic test involving a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) multi-constellation receiver able to acquire the Galileo Open Service (OS) signal. The produced outputs were compared to a reference trajectory obtained from a Mobile Mapping System (MMS) implementing integrated high-performance GPS/INS measurements. By exploiting the CUI (command user interface) of the open source library RTKLIB, a reduced operative status was simulated for GPS and GLONASS. Specifically, all the possible operative combinations were tested and, when possible, statistically assessed. This was necessary to offer a fair comparison among the tested constellations. The results, referred to the reference trajectory, show that the new European system is characterized by a better planimetric performance with respect to the other systems, whereas, from an altimetric point of view, the GPS and GLONASS systems perform better.