GPS Navigation Research Articles

Estimating the Orbital Parameters of a Nanosatellite When Measuring the Total Electron Content in the Ionosphere Based on the Retransmission of GPS Navigation Signals

A method for estimating the orbital parameters of a nanosatellite-relay, implemented by measuring the total electron content in the ionosphere based on relaying GPS navigation signals at frequencies of 150/400 MHz, is substantiated. The method involves estimating the Cartesian coordinates of the nanosatellite-relay based on the results of measurements of the total ranges “navigation satellite – nanosatellite relay – ground receiving point”, obtaining estimates of the orbital plane inclination angle and the longitude of the ascending node using the least squares method, and estimating the remaining orbital parameters using the maximum likelihood method. Simulation results and accuracy characteristics of the proposed method are presented. It is shown that for a typical signal-to-noise ratio in the equipment of the receiving point and an observation time of the nanosatellite-relay of 600–800 s, the mean square errors in estimating the orbital parameters of the nanosatellite-relay are: for angular quantities – fractions of arc seconds, the semi-major axis of the ellipse – 4–5 m, eccentricity – 2–3 ppm.

Технологии и методы планирования перемещения БПЛА по маршрутным точкам

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) occupy a special place in our world. Their ability to navigate along set routes opens up prospects in various fields. The purpose of the study is to review and analyze navigation systems and UAV routing algorithms, methods that allow UAVs to follow the route with high accuracy. GPS and inertial navigation (INS) systems that provide accurate location determination are being investigated. The capabilities of sensor systems — cameras, lidars and ultrasonic sensors — are analyzed to detect obstacles and adjust the trajectory; voxel maps for three-dimensional modeling of the environment and methods of simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM); algorithm A* (A-star); genetic routing algorithm, potential-based obstacle avoidance algorithms and RRT. Practical significance: the use of these methods and technologies can significantly improve the safety and accuracy of UAV routing, the ability to navigate autonomously in complex and dynamically changing landscapes. In conclusion, the advantages and limitations of navigation approaches and technologies are discussed; the importance of integrating sensor systems and SLAM methods to increase the autonomy and efficiency of UAVs; directions for further research.

Maximum Correntropy Extended Kalman Filtering with Nonlinear Regression Technique for GPS Navigation

Maximum Correntropy Extended Kalman Filtering with Nonlinear Regression Technique for GPS Navigation

A Comparative Study on GPS Navigation Systems: Attacks, Applications and Challenges for Security and Reliability

A Comparative Study on GPS Navigation Systems: Attacks, Applications and Challenges for Security and Reliability

Design and Fabrication of an Autonomous Rice Transplanter

The goal of this study was to create a prototype of an automatically guided rice transplanter using a Pixhauk flight controller, 3DR telemetry, Raspberry Pi, Tof sensor, gyro sensor, and other GPS navigation sensors to determine the field performance of that machine. GPS was used to obtain data such as location, direction, and speed, whereas machine vision can provide a navigation line. The next position of the transplanter can be determined using feature points extracted from the navigation line. The controller area network bus complies with the actuator control command and data communication protocols. Electrical actuators control steering and transmission based on a vehicle's location in a field. The percentage of missing, buried, and floating hills was observed to be 1.6%, 1.4%, and 3.0%, respectively, as the maximum values were found in clay soil at T1. Over time, percentages of losses decreased, and the lowest percentage of losses was given. The lowest percentage of missing, buried, and floating hills was found at 0.8%, 0.2%, and 0.8%, respectively, in clay loam soil at T5. Planting efficiency improved, and losses decreased as treatment levels upgraded. Clay loam soil in T5 had the highest planting efficiency percentage (88%), whereas clay soil in T1 had the lowest (61%) proportion. The findings indicated that T4 and T5 enhanced rice output by decreasing the losses incurred during seedling transplantation. The study suggested that the developed rice transplanter might be suitable for planting rice seedlings to establish meaningful mechanization through precision agriculture technology.

Driving Difficulties and Coping Strategies in Persons With Homonymous Quadrantanopia or Homonymous Scotoma

Introduction: This study, conducted in the United States, investigated the challenges faced by drivers with homonymous visual field loss and their coping strategies, including the use of in-vehicle Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS). Methods: Four current drivers with either homonymous quadrantanopia or homonymous scotoma caused by a stroke completed an in-depth semi-structured telephone interview. Using mostly open-ended questions, the interview addressed the difficulties encountered while driving, strategies used to cope with the difficulties, and the use of ADAS. Results: The main difficulties related to seeing objects on the side of the field loss, especially at intersections and when merging or changing lanes. Individuals with left-sided field loss reported problems with left turns and seeing oncoming cars at intersections. Those who had homonymous scotomas described how cars disappeared in and out of the scotoma. Two participants reported many driving difficulties at first, but fewer difficulties as they became used to driving with the field loss. The most common coping strategies included scanning to the side of the field loss (including large scans with head movements), use of rearview and side mirrors, adding mirrors to the car, leaving more space on the side of the field loss, avoiding difficult driving situations and the use of ADAS (blind spot warning, GPS navigation, and rearview camera). Discussion: All participants reported some difficulties consistent with those found in on-road and driving simulator studies of individuals with homonymous visual field loss. Over time they each reported developing a set of strategies, including the use of ADAS, for coping with the field loss that enabled them to be active drivers with relatively few self-imposed restrictions. Implications for Practitioners: Advising drivers with stroke-related field loss about potential difficulties and compensatory strategies is an important part of preparation for return to driving. This article provides examples of problem situations, coping strategies, and ADAS use which can be used to guide discussion.

Space interferometer orbit determination with multi-GNSS

Spacecraft positioning plays a crucial role in scientific space mission design, as well as in the further scheduling of scientific observations for such a mission. We examine the application of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) to solve the orbit determination problem in a pure space very long baseline interferometer (VLBI) project. A network of GPS, GLONASS, Galileo and BeiDou navigation satellites may be a more efficient solution to determining the position and velocity of space radio telescopes and space interferometer baselines. For such a project, it is necessary to take into account the special conditions of GNSS observations, as well as the high accuracy of determining not only position but also velocity. In this paper, we estimate visibility of navigation satellite systems for Low and Medium orbits of a pure space-VLBI system and simulate GNSS code and phase measurements. Orbit determination was performed on smoothed code measurements. Phase measurements simulated with a step of 1 s and combined in Doppler measurements yield average position and velocity errors of 1.01 m and 8.8 mm/s in Medium Earth orbit. The results showed that GNSS observations are sufficient to solve the problems of orbit determination of a space-VLBI interferometer both in Low-Earth and Medium Earth orbits.

Implementasi Sistem Navigasi Terintegrasi untuk Pembuatan Petunjuk Jalan di Jalan Juma Gaja, Sikunihan 1, Sikunihan 2, dan Siboras

Road signs are visual or verbal information that provides road users with instructions or directions to help them reach their destination safely and efficiently. Traffic signs can be traffic signs, directional signs, road markings, or verbal instructions given by GPS navigation or road guidance. The purpose of directions is to provide clear information regarding direction, distance and travel route to the desired destination. The aim of this research is to develop effective guidelines for the Juma Gaja, Sikunihan 1, Sikunihan 2 and Siboras areas. By analyzing user needs and integrating GPS technology, we have designed a navigation system that can provide accurate and efficient directions. Field test methodology is used to ensure system effectiveness. The results show that the system implemented has succeeded in providing guidance that is timely and easy to use. The practical implication of this research is increasing mobility and transportation affordability in the study area..

Constructing a Corrected Stations Network Using Some Geomatic Techniques

Abstract The major objective of this study is to establish a network of Ground Control Points-GCPs which can use it as a reference for any engineering project. Total Station (type: Nikon Nivo 5.C), Optical Level and Garmin Navigator GPS were used to perform traversing. Traversing measurement was achieved by using nine points covered the selected area irregularly. Near Civil Engineering Department at Baghdad University Al-jadiriya, an attempt has been made to assess the accuracy of GPS by comparing the data obtained from the Total Station. The average error of this method is 3.326 m with the highest coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.077 m observed in Northing. While in the Easting the average error is 4.634 m with (R2) 0.099 m observed. The average error 5.513 m with (R2) is 0.071 m is observed in Reduced Level. The accuracy assessments of the interpolation methods (Total Station and Level) have been calculated using the average error 0.240 m with (R2) is 0.735 m is observed in Reduced Level. The GIS 10.3 program can automatically transform the saved data to text format and produce digital plans with attribute.

All in One Robot for Military Purpose

Abstract: The "All in One Robot for Military Purpose" project is an innovative and comprehensive robotic system designed to fulfil a range of critical functions for military operations. This multifunctional robot integrates various advanced features including line following, obstacle avoidance, IR remote control, voice control, and mobile application-based control, ensuring versatile and adaptable operation in diverse environments. Additionally, the robot incorporates specialized systems such as landmine detection, RADAR technology, unwanted activities detection, fire detection, GPS navigation, and solar panel power supply.

Zara Tech Trail: Futuristic Autonomous Robocart for Cutting-Edge Multi-Perspective Delivery System

The autonomous delivery system presented in this project utilizes a RoboCart equipped with GPS navigation to seamlessly transport products from source to destination. The system, powered by electric charging, ensures timely and secure delivery to end customers, featuring a specialized hand gripper for careful product handling. Designed for diverse applications such as commercial purposes, personal use, and industries including hotels, this fully autonomous cart incorporates a password enabled security feature to guarantee user verification. Positioned as a cutting-edge technological solution, this project aims to effectively address the last mile delivery challenge, presenting a potential to significantly reduce delivery times and contribute to societal benefits. The success of this initiative holds the promise of substantial positive impacts on the Society.

The Positive Impact of Smart Watches on Human Health

In the fast-paced, digital world we live in, smart watches have emerged as stylish accessories with the potential to significantly impact human health. These wearable devices offer a wide range of benefits, including internet access, calling, GPS navigation, and health monitoring capabilities. They are in high demand globally and find applications in various sectors, including healthcare, transportation, and electronics. Smart watches have the ability to track medical conditions such as cardiovascular disease and seizures, enabling self-monitoring of activity, providing feedback on activity levels, and facilitating communication with healthcare providers. Integration with the Geographic Information System (GIS) aids in disaster management, while applications can enhance bystander CPR by monitoring CPR frequency and depth. Despite their numerous benefits, smart watches also present challenges and potential negative impacts. They can promote sedentary behaviour, distract users, disrupt sleep patterns, expose users to electromagnetic radiation, raise privacy concerns, and contribute to technology dependency and addiction. This short communication will mainly focus on key benefits & negative impacts of smart watch on human health.

SURFACE MOBILITY SOLUTION

In the Nagpur City of Maharashtra, the barrier of transportation in the daily life. Amidst mixture of sounds of honking horns and bustling streets, an intricate web of challenges come face to face with drivers and transportation professionals at every turn. As I delved into Nagpur's mobility landscape, engaging with drivers. The journey of exploration began with a simple premise: to understand the quality of being complex mobility challenges from the perspective of those entrenched in the frontline of transportation. Through extensive interviews and surveys, I sought to peel back the layers of complexity surrounding issues that impact drivers' livelihoods, schedules, and overall efficiency. What emerged from these interactions were recurring themes, echoing the sentiments of drivers navigating the labyrinthine streets of Nagpur: Documentation and Permit Predicaments: A maze of paperwork and bureaucratic hurdles often impedes the seamless flow of operations for drivers. From license renewals to permit applications, navigating the labyrinth of documentation requirements proves to be a formidable task, with delays rippling through the fabric of daily operations. Route Riddles: In a city where every turn can make the difference between timely arrival and frustrating delays, the lack of familiarity with optimal routes emerges as a significant challenge. For drivers, deciphering the shortest path from point A to point B is akin to navigating through a complex puzzle, where each intersection presents a myriad of choices, each with its own consequences. time Constraints and Efficiency Dilemmas: In the world of transportation, time is money, and every minute lost to loading and unloading delays translates into tangible losses for drivers. Whether it's waiting in line at a distribution center or grappling with the intricacies of cargo handling, the specter of inefficiency looms large, casting a shadow over the profitability of operations. Technological Turbulence: As the world hurtles towards an increasingly digitized future, the divide between technological proficiency and traditional practices widens. For drivers grappling with the complexities of GPS navigation systems and digital documentation platforms, the learning curve can be steep, posing yet another barrier to efficiency and competitiveness.

GPS-НАВІГАЦІЯ ЯК ЧАСТИНА ТОПОГРАФІЧНОЇПІДГОТОВКИ У ТУРИЗМІ

The article analyses the modern requirements for topographic training of travellers, in particular those who are engaged in active travel. For successful movement, quick and accident-free overcoming of the route, each participant of tourist and local history activities must possess various orientation skills at any time of the day and under any natural conditions. A tourist’s ability to navigate the terrain is a sign of good technical training. It is unacceptable to travel through an unfamiliar area in the absence of a compass, map materials and without prior study of the given territory. In the period of preparation for the hike, during classes and trainings in the area, the tourist acquires the necessary skills of orientation in the area, the use of a map and compass. Arguments in favour of GPS-orientation skills for the safety of hiking and other tourist activitiesare given. The author analyses the navigation of travel in our time and demonstrates the possibilities of GPS navigation to determine one's location, direction of movement and route to one's destination. IT specialists develop and actively implement positioning and navigation systems focused on the needs of tourists. It is also convenient because most modern navigators and phones simultaneously support several satellite navigation systems. The author analysed in detail the advantages and disadvantages of various portable devices for satellite navigation. However, the general message of the article is that this type of orientation significantly simplifies the task of a tourist, a rescuer, and special services.

Turbo Traverse Dispatch Delivery Assistant Cannibalizing Routing Algorithm

This project aims to develop an innovative delivery bot system that leverages GPS navigation, a digital display, and OTP authentication to transform the delivery process. The system integrates advanced route planning algorithms with real-time GPS navigation to optimize delivery routes and ensure efficient package delivery. Additionally, a digital display enhances communication with recipients and bystanders. providing real-time updates and promoting brand visibility. The implementation of OTP authentication adds an extra layer of security, enabling secure confirmation of delivery receipt. Through the seamless integration of these components, the project aims to revolutionize delivery operations, enhance user experience, and set new standards for reliability and security in the delivery industry. A secured box delivery bot, powered by OTP, GPS, and Arduino, integrates cutting-edge technologies to guarantee the safety and efficiency of package delivery. With OTP, recipients authenticate their identity before accessing the secure box. GPS integration ensures accurate navigation, optimizing delivery routes for timely arrivals. Arduino serves as the control system, enabling seamless operation and sensor integration to enhance security and functionality. In sum, this innovative solution offers a dependable and secure approach to delivering packages to recipients.

Wheat height and phenology retrieval using GPS/BDS interferometric reflectometry technology

Monitoring vegetation growth utilizing the Global Navigation Satellite System-interferometric reflectometry (GNSS-IR) technology has obtained widespread attention in recent years. GNSS-IR based approaches demonstrate the advantageous characteristics of high temporal resolution while maintaining cost-effectiveness. Most existing studies generally utilize reflected signals to retrieve the plant height and vegetation water content, while few studies focus on vegetation phenology and yield. In this study, both phenology metric dates and plant height of wheat were extracted using reflected signals data from GPS and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) in a wheat farmland, located at northeast of Henan, China. The results showed that there was reasonable consistency between the retrieval heights and in-situ measurements, with the correlation coefficient of 0.836 for GPS and 0.868 for BDS. The damping coefficient calculated by signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) presented obvious characteristics during different wheat growth stages and the trends of the damping coefficient were basically consistent with that of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). When taking a lag between the leaf area index (LAI) and the damping coefficient into consideration, the correlation was greatly increased. Moreover, the phenology metrics dates extracted by the damping coefficient were close to those estimated by NDVI with errors less than 8 days. Hence, this research preliminarily proves the feasibility of obtaining the wheat phenological period by using GNSS-IR technology.

The integration of GPS and visual navigation for autonomous navigation of an Ackerman steering mobile robot in cotton fields.

Autonomous navigation in agricultural fields presents a unique challenge due to the unpredictable outdoor environment. Various approaches have been explored to tackle this task, each with its own set of challenges. These include GPS guidance, which faces availability issues and struggles to avoid obstacles, and vision guidance techniques, which are sensitive to changes in light, weeds, and crop growth. This study proposes a novel idea that combining GPS and visual navigation offers an optimal solution for autonomous navigation in agricultural fields. Three solutions for autonomous navigation in cotton fields were developed and evaluated. The first solution utilized a path tracking algorithm, Pure Pursuit, to follow GPS coordinates and guide a mobile robot. It achieved an average lateral deviation of 8.3 cm from the pre-recorded path. The second solution employed a deep learning model, specifically a fully convolutional neural network for semantic segmentation, to detect paths between cotton rows. The mobile rover then navigated using the Dynamic Window Approach (DWA) path planning algorithm, achieving an average lateral deviation of 4.8 cm from the desired path. Finally, the two solutions were integrated for a more practical approach. GPS served as a global planner to map the field, while the deep learning model and DWA acted as a local planner for navigation and real-time decision-making. This integrated solution enabled the robot to navigate between cotton rows with an average lateral distance error of 9.5 cm, offering a more practical method for autonomous navigation in cotton fields.

DAVLAT TAYANCH TARMOQLARINI BARPO QILISHDA YO‘LDOSHLI GNSS KUZATISHLARNI QO‘LLASHNI NAZARIY MASALALARI

The article provides information about navigational system GPS and GLONASS applicable when making the state geodetic supporting network. The Requirements to receiver companion (satellite) for performing on making the state geodetic supporting network.

Evaporator with horizontal water plane stabilization

Evaporation plays an important role in maintaining water balance and managing water resources in reservoirs. This problem is relevant in hot regions with a lack of fresh water. In addition, reliable operation of evaporators plays an important role in preventing overheating and ensuring safe cooling of reactors which is critical to maintaining nuclear safety. The complete control and accurate measurement of the evaporation process provided by the developed device enables efficient water management ensuring the stability of nuclear power plants and minimising environmental risks. Evaporators are used to control the evaporation process in reservoirs. Based on the analysis of existing evaporators and their shortcomings, an evaporator with horizontal plane stabilization in the pan is developed. Due to this function the developed device allows to control the evaporation process with higher accuracy by reducing fluctuations in the water level in the evaporator. The developed device contains an autonomous power supply that uses energy-saving technology based on a solar battery which ensures operation without additional sources. The use of such a power supply increases the evaporator reliability. One of the important advantages of this device is the use of a cellular-based information transmission channel to the control center which allows to transmit the results of evaporation quickly monitoring and make water management decisions accordingly. In addition, the use of a GPS navigation system allows to set or determine the coordinates of the evaporator installation in the reservoir accurately. The developed device can be included in an intelligent energy resource management system; its use will significantly improve the safety and sustainability of nuclear power plants by improving evaporation process control. It will also optimize the nuclear power plants operation, promote efficient management of water resources and ensure safety in the nuclear energy field.

IoT Based Drone Control

The integration of drones into various sectors has sparked a technological revolution, reshaping industries and redefining possibilities. This abstract delves into the multifaceted dimensions of drones, examining their evolution, applications, challenges, and future prospects. From aerial photography to disaster relief, drones have transcended traditional boundaries, fostering innovation and efficiency. However, ethical dilemmas, regulatory hurdles, and security concerns loom large, necessitating a balanced approach towards their deployment. As drones continue to soar to new heights, understanding their abstract impact on society becomes imperative for navigating the complexities of the modern technological landscape. Keywords: Some key words associated with drones are: ➢ UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) ➢ Quadcopter ➢ Remote-controlled aircraft ➢ Multirotor ➢ GPS navigation ➢ FPV (First Person View) ➢ Autopilot ➢ Payload ➢ Gimbal ➢ Telemetry