Government Objectives Research Articles

Gestión Por Resultados En Modernización De La Gestión Pública Municipal

The objective of this review article was to analyze the results-based management model to improve the modernization of public management in municipalities, with a descriptive approach, the bibliographic review technique, the explanatory and inductive method, having reviewed studies related to the topic raised. that have scientific rigor and whose publication is recent; They demonstrate that the characteristics of management for results in municipal management, is focused on public action to optimize processes that achieve the maximum effectiveness, efficiency and effectiveness of their actions to achieve the government objectives of improving citizen well-being; and the characteristics of the modernization of municipal public management, is supported by various administrative systems linked to each other, and it is rather the procedural and attitudinal factor of the servers that limit an effective implementation. It is concluded that management by results will allow state public agencies to provide quality services, where the modernization of public management allows better use of administrative systems, which are reflected in the correct use of public resources, where our main indicator is the satisfaction of the population.

Трансформация механизмов корпоративного управления на различных этапах жизненного цикла организации

In the material of the work, a study of the features of corporate governance of an organization at its various stages of its life cycle is carried out. The analysis is based on the theoretical provisions of the concept of the life cycle. The key characteristics and objectives of corporate governance at each stage of the organization's development life cycle are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the practice of corporate governance in Russian companies, taking into account the specifics of their life cycle. In conclusion, effective approaches are proposed to adapt the corporate governance system to various stages of the organization's life cycle.

Data Cataloging as a Catalyst for Effective Data Governance and Improved Decision-Making

Data governance is a foundational component for organizations managing data as a strategic asset in today’s data- driven environments. Effective data governance ensures data quality, security, accessibility, and regulatory compliance, all of which are crucial for maintaining organizational integrity and competitive advantage. This paper explores how data cataloging, as a core tool within data governance frameworks, facilitates metadata management, data lineage tracking, and role-based access control (RBAC). We analyze the technical mechanisms through which data cataloging contributes to governance objectives, such as maintaining data quality and enabling regulatory compliance. Additionally, this study examines the impact of data cataloging on decision-making within organizations, highlighting improvements in decision accuracy, speed, and accountability. By drawing from examples in sectors such as finance and healthcare, this paper outlines the challenges associated with data cataloging implementation, including integration complexity and scalability issues. The paper concludes with future directions, focusing on artificial intelligence (AI)- enabled metadata tagging and cloud-native cataloging solutions, which promise to enhance data cataloging capabilities and make governance frameworks more agile and scalable. Keywords Data Governance, Data Cataloging, Metadata Management, Data Quality, Data Lineage, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Compliance, AI-Driven Cataloging, Cloud-Native Solutions, Data-Driven Decision-Making.

What rural ecological governance goals do local residents prefer? Evidence from Hainan, China

Rural ecosystems restoration requires the joint participation of rural residents and government in governance. This study aims to analyze whether rural ecological governance goals are consistent with rural residents' preferences and how they affect rural residents' utility levels, which are key to rural residents' ecological governance participation behavior. Using survey data from 653 rural residents in Hainan Island, China, this paper applies a choice experiment method and a random parameter logit model to identify differences in rural residents' preferences for different rural ecological governance policy goals and their governance participation behaviors. The results show that increasing the coverage rate of sewage treatment facilities, reducing fertilizer and pesticide application, and increasing rural biodiversity can significantly enhance rural residents' ecological governance participation utility, thereby promoting their choice of ecological governance options. Rural residents' participation behavior in rural ecological governance is also influenced by individual and household characteristics such as ethnicity, labor size, net farm income, ICT usage, and ecological knowledge level. Based on these findings, policymakers should strengthen communication of governance policies and objectives, respect rural residents' policy goal preferences, prioritize the implementation of rural ecological governance models that increase the coverage of wastewater treatment facilities, reduce fertilizer and pesticide application, and increase rural biodiversity, and rely on ICT devices to popularize ecological knowledge among rural residents.

APIP's Role in SPIP to Support Defense Force Development

Law No. 1 of 2004 mandates accountable and transparent management of state finances in Indonesia. To ensure compliance, efficiency, and good governance, the effective implementation of APIP (Aparat Pengawasan Intern Pemerintah or Internal Government Auditors) is crucial. Enhancing the role of APIP is necessary to address the low quality of state financial management, ensure accountability, and support bureaucratic reform for transparent and efficient governance. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the role of APIP within the SPIP (Sistem Pengendalian Intern Pemerintah or Government Internal Control System) framework to support the development of Indonesia's defense forces. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method to explore the role and impact of APIP in state financial management and defense force development. Results: The study reveals a significant improvement in the capabilities of APIP over recent years. In 2015, 85.23% of APIP units were only at capability level 1, which indicates basic operations without full adherence to professional standards. By 2022, 54.74% of APIP units had reached capability levels above 3, indicating compliance with professional standards, enhanced risk management, and improved organizational governance. This increase in capability supports more robust oversight, particularly in the Ministry of Defense and the Indonesian Armed Forces, where APIP plays a vital role in overseeing budget management, the modernization of defense equipment, and the improvement of human resources. Conclusion: While the improvement in APIP capabilities enhances effectiveness, the assessment of efficiency in state financial management remains underemphasized. Addressing this gap is essential for the country's financial reforms aimed at improving public services and ensuring fiscal sustainability. APIP not only maintains integrity, transparency, and accountability but also supports the development of defense forces through comprehensive financial, management, and social audits. The focus on both efficiency and effectiveness is critical to strengthening the relevance of these findings in achieving sustainable governance and defense objectives.

Enhancing collaboration quotient in crop protection research and development - multi-disciplinary cross-learning to promote sustainability.

After a decade of consolidation with a focus on top market players, global crop protection research is undergoing a paradigm transition by integrating new cutting-edge technologies originating from established and new research organizations. Both development and distribution organizations are working together to make these innovations available to the global farming community. For this, excellent crop protection products are in demand, creating value for farmers and society with superior biological performance and at the same time very high product safety profiles. However, the enormous constraints researchers are exposed to, require the discovery and development of innovative solutions in the shortest possible time frame, while embracing environmental, social, and governance (ESG) objectives as the new normal across the whole industry. Today, fully integrated research and development (R&D) companies are addressing the whole plethora of agrochemistry, biologicals and plant health products, organic farming, seeds and traits, new application technologies, digital farming, improved diagnostics, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML)-based approaches. However, there is still a strong need for further innovations from a wide range of sources. Targeted collaboration across various market players is key to combining required activities. This mandates a high level of discipline to frame the proprietary and knowledge environment across the industry. Furthermore, the cooperation of industry and academia will enable an extra push for innovation in the crop protection landscape. Current trends and suggestions are given of how collaborations need to be framed within the industry as well as within the public sector. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

A Multi-System Coupling Coordination Assessment to Achieve the Integrated Objectives of Forest Conservation, Marine Governance, and Socioeconomic Development in the Bay Area: A Case Study in the Bay Area of the Fujian River Delta

The bay area contains terrestrial forests and coastal mangroves with vital ecosystem functions, which provide essential ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration and biodiversity maintenance. Meanwhile, the bay area usually hosts intensive socioeconomic activities. High-intensity anthropogenic activities in the bay area have threatened the terrestrial ecosystem and marine environment. Harmonizing the relationship between terrestrial ecosystem conservation, marine environmental governance, and socioeconomic development is crucial for realizing the national “coordinated land and marine development” strategy and promoting sustainability in the bay area. This study constructed a coupling coordination assessment system of the terrestrial ecosystem, marine environmental system, and socioeconomic system. Taking the bay area of the Fujian River Delta as a case study, multiple ecological models were integrated to quantify the coupling coordination degree between these three systems and present its spatial distribution characteristics. Furthermore, the constraint types on the coupling coordination degree were spatially revealed in the bay area. The results suggested that there are significant spatial differences in the coupling coordination degree of the three systems in the bay area of the Fujian River Delta. The areas with a relatively low coupling coordination degree are mainly focused on the central part of the Xiamen Bay area and the southeastern part of the Quanzhou Bay area. Regions with high socioeconomic development tend to present weak terrestrial or marine eco-environmental conditions. The critical constraint factor of the coupling coordination degree in the Zhangzhou Bay area is its backward socioeconomic development level. The backwardness of both the terrestrial ecosystem and marine environmental system exists in most districts of the Xiamen Bay area. In addition, the marine environmental conditions in the Xiamen Bay area are worse than those in the Quanzhou Bay Area and the Zhangzhou Bay area.

Blockchain-based conceptual model for enhanced transparency in government records: a design science research approach

In recent years, there have been massive changes to the government reporting requirements, which reflect the government's recognition of the need for a more open evidence-based practice. As a response, the U.S. government ordered to apply open government in all government agencies. The open government's objective is to have open government systems that include open access to their records, procedures, and data for public review and engagement. Currently, government agencies control and filter shared data with the public, limiting the ability to efficiently and effectively promote public oversight. This paper proposes a conceptual model, named GovBlockchain, that has the potential to achieve open government data objectives. The GovBlockchain is illustrated using the procurement cycle, and the results are subsequently compared with current open government practice. The results indicate that GovBlockchain provides stakeholders with a higher level of transparency.

Accountability Document as a Symbol of The Effectiveness of Local Government Financial Management

Preparing the Accountability Document (AD) is a process carried out by local governments to ensure transparency and accountability in financial management. The AD is used as a means to monitor and account for regional financial management that has been obtained every period. This document is made routinely every period and contains information files about the use of funds in an activity, as well as the results of budget absorption achieved in a period. This study aims to analyze how preparing AD exhibits the effectiveness of local government financial management. This research uses qualitative methodology with interview techniques. Data analysis techniques use qualitative analysis consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing and verification. The results of this study concluded that AD plays an important role in ensuring that financial management is carried out transparently and accountably. This document allows local governments to monitor and supervise the use of funds received by each regional apparatus agency, as well as ensure that these funds are in accordance with government objectives and interests.

Academentia, management and satire: ‘The good, the bad and the ugly’

Orientation: The argument rethinks current managerial practices in higher education.Research purpose: Satire beckons when normal science cannot reproduce itself or shift to account for different ways of doing things. When reality mimics satire, satire becomes an appropriate methodology. Such literary approaches can reveal what normal science cannot.Motivation for the study: To add to critical management studies and the combatting of academentia as an institutional condition.Research design, approach and method: The general methodology derives from both literary and business principles read through critical management studies and cultural studies. Autoethnography is shown here to be useful within accounting and management studies. The Semler and the Kalahari management practices explicitly specify the need to rethink ‘operational models’.Main findings: No findings are offered in the conventional sense. Rather, relations are analysed and conclusions result from my own internal dialogue as a central player in the case study. The ‘transformation’ objectives of governance were disconnected from educational purposes. The resulting dramatic narrative hopefully appeals to readers in terms of their own lived conditions: can readers insert themselves into the narrative in terms of their own experiences?Practical and/or managerial implications: Institutions to be managed as adhocracies. What has been learned after 20 years of transformation and restructuring, if anything?Contribution and/or value-add: An engagement with critical management studies from the perspective of cultural studies identifies some solutions. Like the former, the latter examines issues of power relations, in this case, relations subsisting within administrative systems rather than the more usual framing as being between classes, races, ethnicities and genders.

The Environmental Impacts of Future Global Sales of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles

During the last decade, developing more sustainable transportation modes has become a primary objective for car manufacturers and governments around the world to mitigate environmental issues, such as climate change, the continuous increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and energy depletion. The use of hydrogen fuel cell technology as a source of energy in electric vehicles is considered an emerging and promising technology that could contribute significantly to addressing these environmental issues. In this study, the effects of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Battery Electric Vehicles (HFCBEVs) on global GHG emissions compared to other technologies, such as BEVs, were determined based on different relevant factors, such as predicted sales for 2050 (the result of the developed prediction model), estimated daily traveling distance, estimated future average global electricity emission factors, future average Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) emission factors, future global hydrogen production emission factors, and future average HFCBEV emission factors. As a result, the annual GHG emissions produced by passenger cars that are expected to be sold in 2050 were determined by considering BEV sales in the first scenario and HFCBEV replacement in the second scenario. The results indicate that the environmental benefits of HFCBEVs are expected to increase over time compared to those of BEVs, due to the eco-friendly methods that are expected to be used in hydrogen production in the future. For instance, in 2021, HFCBEVs could produce more GHG emissions than BEVs by 54.9% per km of travel, whereas in 2050, BEVs could produce more GHG emissions than HFCBEVs by 225% per km of travel.

Research on the Relationship between the School-Running Characteristics of Private Colleges and Universities and the Development Objectives of the Government

The development objectives of the Chinese government have a guiding effect on the school-running characteristics of private colleges and universities. This paper explores the relationship between the characteristics of private colleges and universities and the development objectives of the provincial government, using Jiangsu Province as a case study. All the schools have the consciousness of fully considering the development objectives of Jiangsu Province when formulating the school-running characteristics. Their characteristics all contain some training methods, training courses, or institutional construction aiming at the development objectives. Most universities can support the government’s objectives on employment and innovation. Only a third of the schools provide government support for science research. Private colleges and universities should make full use of the free and flexible advantages of private education, combine them with the continuous changes of policies and markets, and create clear, scientific, and dynamic school-running characteristics, in order to achieve long-term development.

Brain worlds: information order and interwar intellectual cooperation

Information is ubiquitous in International Relations (IR), but typically gets treated as a self-evident epistemic resource. A burgeoning IR literature on the politics of knowledge resists such reification, but has not thus far examined information as such. Mobilising its constructivist premises in historical perspective, this article argues that information is not just an epistemic resource but also an ordering concept. The article examines its emergence in and around the interwar League of Nations Organisation for Intellectual Cooperation (OIC), a predecessor of UNESCO. It focuses on two notable but neglected proposals – Paul Otlet’s Mundaneum and H.G. Wells’ World Brain – which considered advances in microfilm storage and bibliography as opportunities to rethink global order. Worried about a crisis of ‘intelligence’ and reducing political conflict to information gaps, Otlet and Wells introduced systems that mimicked imperial global order: information could be organised, curated and shared to ‘diffuse the European mind’. To both, information was not just an epistemic resource but a means of global ordering. Crucially, promoting a world united by information was entirely compatible with infrastructurally reproducing an imperial division of the world by degrees of ignorance. League officials rejected the utopianism of these proposals but held on to the pacifying promise of information. Recovering this history shows how historical perspective allows us to contextualise artificially disembedded IR concepts and objects of governance. It also puts hopes for information as inherently pacifying into perspective: without considering the broader political embeddedness of information, such hopes risk leaving underlying hierarchies intact.

In the labyrinth of ideological search: ways to construct a memory of an uncomfortable past (on example of events of the 1917 Revolution and the Civil War)

This article is devoted to the problem of constructing a collective memory of the "inconvenient past" by modern elites of Russia on the example of the events of the 1917 revolution and the subsequent civil war. The conflict aspects of commemoration (installation of monuments and memorial signs) in the process of constructing an official historical narrative are considered. Concidered changes in the official historical narrative regarding the "difficult past" in different periods of time. The preservation of historical memory largely depends on the political objectives of the current government, which not only supports collective memory through various commemorative practices, but also constructs a modern historical narrative. This narrative does not imply the restoration of Soviet historiography; it combines a variety of interpretations of the events of the Revolution and the Civil War in the context of building the historical continuity of Russian statehood. Therefore, the images of some Soviet figures coexist with the figures of their opponents, forming ideas among the mass audience about patriotic service to the Russian state, regardless of ideological and political views. The "lost memory" is not being restored; current generations of Russians have not accepted the political experience of supporters of democratic socialism, who rejected Bolshevism and did not support the "white movement" in the civil war. The attitude towards the losers in the fight against the Bolsheviks today is negative, as towards weak and incapable politicians. Considering historical memory as an integral part of collective memory, it is concluded that only those events of the past that are perceived by society as extremely useful for modern generations are integrated into the structure of collective consciousness. In addition, the inertia of public consciousness affects the "selection of event material". For this reason, during the entire post-Soviet period, it was not possible to completely replace the former Soviet ideological cliches with a new historical narrative.

American presidential campaign and ageism.

Ageism is still acceptable in our society, as age-focused criticism during the last American presidential campaign shows. Media and social media discourse on ageism, sexism, and racism shows the need of raising the awareness of ageism. We present Eugene Braunwald as an example of excellence at an advanced age. Dr. Braunwald, aged 95, has just published his article number 1,618. Preventing and counteracting ageism should be an objective of health-care workers, journalists, governments, companies, and civil society organizations. Some of our current clinical guidelines and medical care protocols might discriminate the elderly. To overcome age bias we must educate politicians, physicians, and the public. We propose some measures to fight against this type of discrimination, as asking politicians about age/aging/ ageism, promoting clinical trials in older patients, and avoiding the use of age alone in the decision-making processes.

The political economy of gender mainstreaming in energy access in Senegal

Abstract In June 2017, the Economic Community of West African States adopted the Policy for Gender Mainstreaming in Energy Access to integrate gender equity in West Africa’s energy and climate policy making. The policy represents the first regional gender and energy policy in the world, establishing a framework to enhance understanding at the nexus of gender and energy, improve the inclusivity of policies, programs, and initiatives, and increase women’s participation in the field of energy in the public and private sectors. Each member state developed a National Action Plan (NAP) to operationalize these goals and align implementation with national contexts and policy priorities. This study examines the experience of Senegal’s NAP development, from 13 semi-structured interviews of key stakeholders and document review. We use the Actors, Objectives, Context political economy framework to understand how Senegal’s economic and political structures, historical and social context, and influence of key stakeholders shaped their efforts to mainstream gender in the country’s energy sector. We then describe four main objectives of actors in government, civil society, and the development space involved in policy development, summarizing these as: electricity access, economic development, access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, and gender equity. We find that the objectives of government and development actors are reflected in the emphasis on energy access in the NAP and the government’s long-term development agenda, though a critical lack of engagement with the private sector has limited the policy’s efforts to mainstream women across energy sub-sectors beyond clean cooking. Women’s civil society organizations, historically less engaged with energy issues, have nonetheless achieved considerable success in advocating for increased women’s political participation. This advocacy has set a precedent for policies promoting ‘positive discrimination’ for women and marginalized groups, evident in policy activities aimed at electrifying women’s economic sectors.

Promotion Effects of High-Speed Rail on Urban Development: Evidence from Three Lines in China

Amid the vigorous development of the high-speed rail (HSR) network, local governments in China generally consider the construction of HSR as a crucial task in their regional development strategies. Currently, most provincial capitals and prefecture-level cities in the eastern and central regions of China already have operational HSR services. This study aims to examine a key question: has the objective of local governments to promote urban development through the construction of HSR been effective? The research selects cities along the Beijing–Shanghai, Beijing–Guangzhou, and Harbin–Dalian HSR lines as the study subjects. Based on the principles of proximity and similarity, cities with operational HSR and those without are chosen as the experimental group and the control group, respectively. Following the double difference (difference-in-differences) approach, an advantage index is proposed to systematically evaluate the impact of HSR operation on urban development from three dimensions: population aggregation, economic development, and expansion of construction land. Furthermore, the evaluation results are systematically clustered to identify city types that exhibit different promotional effects in various dimensions. The research findings indicate the following: (1) The promotion effect of HSR on the development of small to medium-sized cities is more reflected in economic growth and construction land growth. (2) The promotion effect of HSR on the development of large cities is more reflected in the growth of the employment population. (3) For smaller or economically less-developed cities, HSR may be detrimental to the aggregation of resident and employment populations. (4) Cities with moderate size and good economic development have the opportunity to use HSR to promote population aggregation. On this basis, combined with the findings above, strategies to promote the coordinated development of high-speed rail construction and urban systems are discussed.

Carbon Emission Effects of Spatially Connected Networks in the Digital Economy： Dynamic Evolution and Mechanism of Action

In the context of the "double carbon" goal and the construction of the "East Counts, West Counts" project, this study investigated the characteristics of the spatial and temporal evolution of the digital economy spatial correlation network, and the effects and mechanisms of carbon emission reduction and carbon rebound effects by selecting data at the level of 254 prefectural-level cities from 2011 to 2021 and using the UCINET software and empirical econometric modeling. The results indicated that： The spatial network of the digital economy represented the development pattern of multiple synergies and had the characteristics of non-equilibrium spatial evolution in geographic regions. Secondly, the spatial network of the digital economy in the sample selection period had a positive contribution to carbon emission reduction, and it led to the carbon rebound effect, which was still valid after the robustness test. Furthermore, the spatial correlation network of the digital economy could reduce carbon emissions by promoting the energy efficiency effect under technological progress and led to the carbon rebound effect. Finally, the empirical results were heterogeneous under the four dimensions of geographic region, administrative level, urban environmental governance objectives, and resource endowment.

Sustainable finance, water governance, and water policy objectives in Ontario municipalities

ABSTRACT Sustainable finance is an important part of the water governance landscape that has not received sufficient attention in the water governance and policy literature. In this paper, we approach sustainable finance as a ‘non-water’ factor that influences water governance situations. Two key water policy objectives in Ontario municipalities provide the focus: water system financial sustainability, and industrial water use reduction. We find that sustainable finance as a sector has significant potential to drive future decision-making around water in municipalities in the context of chronic underfunding and the transition to low-carbon economies.

“THE HERCULES PROJECT”: THE HISTORY OF THE BRAZILIAN GOVERNMENT'S RECOGNITION OF UFOLOGIST AS AN OCCUPATION

On the night of May 30, 2024, in an emotional virtual meeting organized by the Latin American Academy of Scientific Ufology (LAASU), several ufologists from Brazil and other continents met with the aim of celebrating the recognition by the Brazilian government of the profession of ufologist as an occupation after a long process of technical evaluation. The intensification of activities and research by scientific entities such as LAASU, local and federal government entities in Brazil, the U.S. government through the Pentagon, Congress, NASA, and some media, all contributed to create an environment conducive to this heroic feat. The "Hercules Project" is described herein, which was conceived inside the LAASU with the objective of the Brazilian government's recognition of the profession of ufologist as an occupation with social, economic and scientific value and ended in a total success. Although this process was an initiative of LAASU, the merit belongs to scientific Ufology worldwide and especially in Brazil, which has contributed with studies, researches and publications over several years. This article aims to discuss the rational basis supporting that Ufology can be considered a profession. Additionally, this article aims to describe the history of the recognition by the Brazilian government through the Ministry of Labor and Employment of the profession of ufologist as a legitimate occupation. The struggle for the recognition of the ufologist as an occupation is an epic story of faith, struggle, and overcoming obstacles, that ended in May 2024