Government Recognition Research Articles

The Effect Government Recognition of Indigenous Communities Has on Climate Adaptation Funding in the United States

The Effect Government Recognition of Indigenous Communities Has on Climate Adaptation Funding in the United States

The Determination of Factors for ICT Quality Assessment Model

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is a crucial asset in business processes and high ICT quality allows for highly efficient business processes. Measuring ICT quality is identified as a crucial step towards ensuring high-quality ICT service. Over the years several ICT assessment models have been developed and each year the factors of measurement are constantly updated. This is due to constant change in technology trends and the user requirements. Thus, any existing factors within models developed previously require review and update if necessary. Therefore, the most relevant factors for ICT assessment model are investigated in this study. Through literature review a set of updated factors are developed and expert review were used to validate the factors. Factors determined in this study are: Software System and Application, Computing Hardware, Network and Communication, Lifelong Learning organizational Governance, Ecosystem Support, Security and Official Recognition. The updated and validated factors shall help future researchers in developing a model to assess ICT compliancy for measuring readiness in providing quality ICT services.

Assessment of Clinical Toxicological Resources in Countries Belonging to the World Health Organization's Regional Office of the Eastern Mediterranean.

Poison Centers are vital to prevent and manage exposures to chemicals, toxins, and ionizing radiation. However, many countries still lack sufficient poison information center services. Within the World Health Organization's Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office (EMRO) region, we were not able to identify a formal assessment of its toxicological resources. We sought to assess the clinical toxicological resources in the EMRO region and the attitudes, needs, andperspective of the workforce in thatregion. METHODS: This was a two part survey study. First, wedeveloped a poison center questionnaire and scoring system based on the World Health Organization's Guidelines for Establishing a Poison Center; thisinstrument wasadministeredby phone to poison center directors and faculty in the EMROregion. Questions assessed for the presence or absence of important poison center capabilities listed in the WHO guidelines, and points were assigned based on response. Secondly, we administered an electronicworkforce survey to clinical toxicology professionals in the region; participanteligibility for the workforce survey was based on themembership roster ofMENATOX. Out of 22 EMRO countries, 16 countries have an established poison center, and 14 of 16 participated in the poison center survey. The results reflected a wide variability in capabilities amongcountries. Areas such as call centers, clinical toxicology units, laboratory services, and data management were relatively lacking while some other areas including toxicovigilance, chemical incidents and emergencies, antidotes/antivenoms, poisoning information sources, and the availability of free services were relatively stronger.Twenty-seven out of 32 workforce respondents were physicians. Results from that survey highlighted a desire for more support from government and better compensation. Our studyidentified areas of need for the EMRO region.The poison center survey results reflect large disparities amongcountries with some areas being stronger than others. The workforce survey highlighted issues such as compensation and government recognition. Overall, a formal assessment of individual poison centers can provide benchmarks to drive improvement of services, but further research is needed to identify and characterize country-specific needs.

Roles and experiences of nurses in primary health care during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review

BackgroundNurses form the frontline of the healthcare system’s response to both epidemics and pandemics, and this was especially the case during the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Although the influence of COVID-19 on nursing roles has attracted interest, there is no integrated knowledge of nurses’ roles and experiences in primary health care settings during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this study identifies the roles and experiences of nurses in primary health care during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA scoping review study design and the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology were used. The study searched five electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Scopus, and PsychINFO) and included studies published in English from March 2020 to June 2023 that focused on the roles and experiences of nurses (participants) during COVID-19 (concept) in primary health care settings (context).ResultsFourteen articles were selected for review, involving a total of 1,487 nurses as study participants. The various roles undertaken by nurses in primary health care settings were categorized as comprehensive care providers, supporters and empowerers, coordinators and collaborators, information navigators, and change agents. Challenges and strategies are multilevel intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, community, and societal issues, but are not mutually exclusive.ConclusionsThe pandemic-induced challenges revealed primary health care nurses’ vital and indispensable roles and resilience. They also fostered a heightened awareness of technological influence on the progression of primary health care in the current milieu. Policymakers and healthcare organizations need to integrate primary health care nurses’ expanding and emerging roles within the scope of practice, ensuring their effective implementation without excessive regulatory constraints. This study emphasizes the importance of developing multilevel interventions to address the support needs of primary health care nurses through a system-based approach. Building a strong infrastructure to support nurses’ self-care, offering continuing professional development opportunities, and securing official government recognition will be essential for enhancing the resilience of primary healthcare nurses in preparation for future, potentially devastating pandemics.

“THE HERCULES PROJECT”: THE HISTORY OF THE BRAZILIAN GOVERNMENT'S RECOGNITION OF UFOLOGIST AS AN OCCUPATION

On the night of May 30, 2024, in an emotional virtual meeting organized by the Latin American Academy of Scientific Ufology (LAASU), several ufologists from Brazil and other continents met with the aim of celebrating the recognition by the Brazilian government of the profession of ufologist as an occupation after a long process of technical evaluation. The intensification of activities and research by scientific entities such as LAASU, local and federal government entities in Brazil, the U.S. government through the Pentagon, Congress, NASA, and some media, all contributed to create an environment conducive to this heroic feat. The "Hercules Project" is described herein, which was conceived inside the LAASU with the objective of the Brazilian government's recognition of the profession of ufologist as an occupation with social, economic and scientific value and ended in a total success. Although this process was an initiative of LAASU, the merit belongs to scientific Ufology worldwide and especially in Brazil, which has contributed with studies, researches and publications over several years. This article aims to discuss the rational basis supporting that Ufology can be considered a profession. Additionally, this article aims to describe the history of the recognition by the Brazilian government through the Ministry of Labor and Employment of the profession of ufologist as a legitimate occupation. The struggle for the recognition of the ufologist as an occupation is an epic story of faith, struggle, and overcoming obstacles, that ended in May 2024

Government Recognition and the Dispute over the Venezuelan Gold Reserves in the Bank of England

Government Recognition and the Dispute over the Venezuelan Gold Reserves in the Bank of England

Winning stakeholder support: Value creation through green-process innovation

Using a sample of Chinese listed firms in the manufacturing industry during 2009–2020, this study manually collects data on green-process innovation and explores its impact on corporate value. The empirical results show that green-process innovation positively affects corporate value. Moreover, the mediation analysis reveals that the positive impact of green-process innovation on corporate value stems from its effects on profitability, trade credit, labor productivity, and government recognition. Next, a cross-sectional analysis suggests that this value effect is more significant for firms located in areas with a more developed green credit market.

Government Recognition and Support for Family Caregivers: A Comparative Review of Policies in Northern and Southern Countries With a Focus on Oncology Caregivers.

The recognition of informal caregivers by governments is gradually increasing. Currently, several countries, mainly in the Northern Hemisphere, have officially acknowledged the role of caregivers and offer various forms of support. In contrast, in southern countries, data on informal caregivers, especially those caring for cancer patients, remain sparse. Furthermore, the acknowledgment and support for caregivers' roles are still lacking in many of these regions. Notably, existing policies in northern countries predominantly focus on caregivers for the elderly and disabled, with only a few initiatives directly supporting caregivers of cancer patients. This review aims to shed light on the measures some governments have taken to support caregivers and advocate for further actions and policies to enhance caregiver support. This review is grounded on a thorough examination of articles, governmental reports, and empirical studies related to family caregiver support.

Global kidney health priorities-perspectives from the ISN-GKHA.

Kidney diseases have become a global epidemic with significant public health impact. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is set to become the fifth largest cause of death by 2040, with major impacts on low-resource countries. This review is based on a recent report of the International Society of Nephrology Global Kidney Health Atlas (ISN-GKHA) which uncovered gaps in key vehicles of kidney care delivery assessed using World Health Organization building blocks for health systems (financing, services delivery, workforce, access to essential medicines, health information systems and leadership/governance). High-income countries had more centres for kidney replacement therapies (KRT), higher KRT access, higher allocation of public funds to KRT, larger workforces, more health information systems, and higher government recognition of CKD and KRT as health priorities than low-income nations. Evidence identified from the current ISN-GKHA initiative should serve as template for generating and advancing policies and partnerships to address the global burden of kidney disease. The results provide opportunities for kidney health policymakers, nephrology leaders and organizations to initiate consultations to identify strategies for improving care delivery and access in equitable, resource-sensitive manners. Policies to increase use of public funding for kidney care, lower the cost of KRT and increase workforces should be a high priority in low-resource nations, while strategies that expand access to kidney care and maintain current status of care should be prioritized in high-income countries. In all countries, the perspectives of people with CKD should be exhaustively explored to identify core kidney care priorities.

Religion, healthcare, and social media use in urban Tanzania: an ethnographic study of faith-based organizations

ABSTRACT The relationship between religion and social media has been critically discussed on potential benefits and opportunities the work of faith-based organizations (FBOs) enjoys in relation to the growing social media technology. Using ethnographic approaches, this study focuses on the use of social media by the new generation of FBOs in their healthcare interventions in urban Tanzania. In particular, the study examines the types of social media used and the messages they carry and explores why FBOs prioritize the use of social media in their healthcare interventions. The findings show that FBOs use Instagram, Facebook, WhatsApp, local social media platforms and YouTube to broadcast and share recorded videos, testimonies, and messages of their healthcare interventions. FBOs select social media platforms for their healthcare interventions based on the targeted audience and desired outcomes, while simultaneously addressing both religious and non-religious needs and obligations. This in turn may have an impact on the public recognition of their work and strengthening their influence in society in terms of attracting more beneficiaries to their religious ideologies, inspiring, and motivating followers in meeting their religious and social obligations and attracting government support and recognition.

Recognition of Governments and the Case of the Taliban

Abstract This article examines the implications of the largely unexplored, yet very insightful, practice of a broad and divergent group of States concerning recognition of the Taliban, in order to contribute to the understanding of various aspects of the question of recognition of governments. Disregarding their long-standing policy of not making express statements on recognition of governments, many States put forward certain conditions for the Taliban to meet to gain recognition. Based on the arbitrary and idiosyncratic nature of these conditions, the article shows the difficulty of explaining recognition decisions by generally applicable criteria, and further establishes that the Taliban case constitutes another setback for the emerging doctrine of democratic legitimacy. Illustrating a wide range of possibilities of engagement with an unrecognised government, the article also shows that treatment, or acknowledgement, and recognition of an entity as government are two different phenomena, and demonstrates the possibility for “recognition” to be stripped of any legal or practical meaning in a given case. The article also shows that the claim that, regardless of being recognised, a general de facto government is entitled to exercise the State’s international rights and obligations does not seem well established in international law. Though some States accepted the Taliban as such, part of the international community rather alluded that the Taliban bore certain international obligations as a non-State actor, rather than on behalf of Afghanistan. The article also examines the status of unrecognised de facto governments before domestic laws, and demonstrates, among others, States’ flexibility towards such governments’ right to access State property abroad, despite the contrary national practices in the past.

One State’s Rebel Is Another State’s Agent

Abstract In State Responsibility and Rebels, Kathryn Greenman explores the post-colonial history of state responsibility, the doctrine of international law that determines whether a state has breached its obligations and what, if anything, can be done about it. Today, the doctrine is one of the most frequently referenced ones of international law. Greenman shows that international arbitrators have applied the rules of state responsibility in order to support a global economic order that sustains Western investments and trade. Greenman also highlights the bilateral or transactional nature of the doctrine. The early practice of state responsibility has been a story of political concessions. Western states would often withhold their recognition of governments until the latter agreed to arbitrate international claims such as injuries to aliens during the rebellions. The resulting awards were often inchoate analyses of international law, in which arbitrators would attribute liability to states for conduct that was often out of their control. These findings are as interesting as they are relevant to today’s international practice. Indeed, says Greenman, imposing state responsibility for conduct that is outside of a state’s control is effectively sustaining the legacy of international law’s colonial past.

Forming Legal Culture in Customary Forest Management: Local Wisdom Approach of Customary Law Communities

Customary law communities in Indonesia firmly attach to customary forests in their territory. For generations, they have preserved and managed customary forests according to customary rules, either written or unwritten, that reflect local wisdom. This article aims to analyze customary law communities' local wisdom approach in forest management to realize legal compliance that reflects legal culture. It assesses local wisdom as the essential form of legal culture in customary forest management and scrutinizes efforts to strengthen local wisdom in forest management arrangements. This article reflects a socio-legal method that explores relevant statutory regulations and their implementation in society. The research and analysis suggest that the legal culture of customary law communities takes the form of compliance in managing forests due to the local wisdom they have internalized from generation to generation. Local wisdom in various regions in Indonesia is integrated with local rules that align with the function of customary law to create social order. It has also been found that several regional governments in Indonesia have made an effort to strengthen local wisdom. The regional government's recognition of the status of customary law communities as the actors in customary forest management has legitimated the local wisdom in protecting customary forests.

Traditional family system, local government recognition and citizens' perceptions of homosexuality in Japan: an exploratory study

PurposeJapan has made some progress in recognizing lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) rights, such as passing laws that prohibit discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity in some cities. However, there is still a long way to go in terms of legal protection and social acceptance. Understanding citizens' attitudes toward homosexuality can help inform policies and interventions that promote LGBTQ rights and reduce discrimination. This study explores factors that influence citizens' attitudes toward homosexuality in Japan.Design/methodology/approachThe research was conducted through a web-based questionnaire with 1,806 participants, where they were asked about their views on same-sex partnership recognition, homosexual rights and traditional Japanese family systems. The collected data were statistically analyzed to determine the factors that affect individuals' opinions regarding homosexuality.FindingsThe study determined that in Japan, traditional views are inversely related to same-sex partnership registration. Conversely, local government support for LGBTQ+ rights is directly associated with societal acceptance. Additionally, closer contact with the LGBTQ+ community promotes acceptance.Social implicationsThe study provides insights into the factors that shape societal attitudes toward homosexuality in Japan and highlights the importance of policies promoting diversity and inclusivity. By identifying these determinants, this study could help policymakers and advocates create effective strategies for promoting acceptance and equality for the LGBTQ+ community in Japan.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study that focuses on understanding the factors that influence the attitudes of Japanese citizens toward homosexuality.

The Dichotomy of Dachen Island’s Red Culture: Portrayal vs. Reality in the Context of Tourism Development

Following the evacuation of the Dachen Islands by the Republic of China in 1955, the People’s Republic of China undertook a reconstruction and redevelopment effort through the volunteer work of a youth committee known as the Reclamation Team. Today, Dachen Island is renowned for symbolizing Red Culture and the Reclamation Spirit, receiving significant government support, especially for developing its sustainable tourism industry. This field study investigates the disparity between the island's portrayal as a symbol of Red Culture and the Reclamation Spirit and its actual experience as seen through tourists, landscapes, and residents. Tourists are primarily drawn to Dachen Island for its natural scenery and relaxation rather than its Red Culture. The island’s social media image highlights its natural beauty, contrasting sharply with the patriotic culture emphasized by government and official news outlets. Although Dachen Island features several cultural and historical sites, many remain closed or underutilized. As modernization progresses, the island faces a declining youth population, while migrant workers are attracted by the expanding tourism industry. Red Culture and the Reclamation Spirit function more as branding tools that help the island secure government funding and recognition rather than reflecting the lived reality of its residents.

Addressing Workplace Harassment in Pakistan: Building a Safe and Inclusive Environment

Globalization has resulted in more women participating in the workforce, but it has also led to an alarming increase in human rights violations. A persistent issue in the modern workplace is harassment. Workplace harassment takes many forms, including verbal abuse, physical assault, discrimination, and sexual misconduct. It creates hostile and offensive experiences for individuals and groups, despite being illegal in many places. This not only hampers productivity and job satisfaction but also harms employees' mental and physical health. Organizations have a moral and legal duty to address workplace harassment. Organizations should promote awareness of the legal and ethical consequences of sexual harassment through dialogue, leadership support, and accessible resources. Key strategies to combat workplace harassment include clear policies, training, inclusive culture, strong legal frameworks, victim support, monitoring, and collaboration. Implementing these strategies creates safe and thriving workplaces. This article focuses on workplace harassment, particularly sexual harassment against women. It highlights the prevalence of harassment, its various forms, and the challenges women face in addressing it. The article emphasizes the need for societal and governmental recognition to effectively combat workplace harassment. It also explores global and regional prevalence of workplace harassment, its consequences, and strategies for prevention.

The effect of political influence on corporate social donations: Evidence from party-building reform in China

As a new exploration of corporate governance in China's non-state-owned enterprises (NSOEs), the effect of "Party Building into Articles of Association" (PBAA) in the decision-making of NSOEs has not yet been verified. Based on hand-collected data on PBAA in NSOEs, this paper investigates the impact and constraints of PBAA on decision-making in NSOEs by using the external event of corporate donations during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that PBAA has embedded the party organization into the corporate governance system of NSOEs, affecting the decision-making of NSOEs effectively, thus boosting the social donations of NSOEs during the epidemic period. Meanwhile, the extent of PBAA is constrained by the original level of corporate governance and entrepreneurial identification. These findings remain robust after controlling for possible endogeneity issues. In addition, further research suggests that the more detailed the content of PBAA is, the higher the probability of substantial donations in epidemic situations in NSOEs.

Bridging Generosity: A Study of Social Capital's Impact on Islamic Philanthropic Fundraising in Bandar Lampung

The Islamic philanthropic fundraising by philanthropic institutions in Bandar Lampung is vital in supporting social, educational, health, and humanitarian programs. Even though several philanthropic institutions are actively involved in humanitarian activities and poverty alleviation, Bandar Lampung needs to fully optimize the potential for Islamic donations. This shows that there are interesting problems that are worth studying regarding fundraising by Islamic philanthropic institutions. This research aims to bridge the knowledge gapregarding the relationship between social capital and Islamic philanthropic fundraising, especially in Bandar Lampung, and the focus is to understand how social capital influences the success of Islamic philanthropic fundraising in this city. This research aims, among other things, to explain the factors that influence Islamic philanthropic fundraising and show the influence of social capital as a strategic tool in increasing community support for philanthropic programs. Research variables included Philanthropic Fundraising (Y), Trust (X1): Trust Level, Network (X2): Interconnection and Cooperation, and Institutionalization (X3): Organizational Structure and Norms. The data were collected from LAZNAS (Amil Zakat National Agency) donors in Bandar Lampung using Likert-scaled questionnaires and then analyzed using parametric statistics through SPSS version 22. The research results show a solid and positive relationship between trust, networks, institutionalization, and philanthropic fundraising. There is a significant correlation coefficient between these variables. The regression results show that trust, networks, and institutionalization positively influence philanthropic fundraising. Based on these findings, researchers recommend that Islamic philanthropic institutions, especially LAZNAS in Bandar Lampung City, comply with regulations and obtain government recognition, improve communication and transparency, professionalize fund management, develop networks and partnerships, and strengthen organizational structures and norms.

Between state funding and volunteerism: The survival strategies of Indonesian community radio network

This article examines the sustainability of community radio, the ‘third pillar’ of Indonesia’s democratic media system, after twenty years of government recognition. It focuses particularly on the strategies adopted by the Indonesian Community Radio Network (Jaringan Radio Komunitas Indonesia, JRKI) – Indonesia’s largest community radio network – to maintain its survival, with a strong emphasis on funding models. This article is based on a review of relevant documents (reports from local and international agencies) and semi-structured interviews with informants from JRKI’s central board and its partners. It is further enriched with a critical analysis of Indonesian broadcast policies and a review of community radio funding models in developed countries. Through its analysis, this article shows that community radio network in Indonesia is facing a managerial and financial crisis, one that leaves its sustainability in question. It also finds that the sustainability of JRKI and its members depends on the political climate and that the organization requires friendly regulations as well as partnerships with local and national public institutions. The recent trend (2015–21) of establishing partnerships with various government bodies has resulted in the association becoming increasingly state-driven in its management.

China�s Afghan Policy: De Facto Recognition of The Taliban Regime

This study aims to investigate China�s proactive stance toward developing tight ties with the Taliban regime. The author applies external-internal setting theory to examine China�s reasons for not carrying out Government Recognition to Taliban regime along with rational choice theory to emphasize why the choice to recognize the Taliban only as a de facto is the best solution for China�s current national interests. To study China�s foreign policy, a qualitative-explanatory method with a deductive method is used. After analyzing China�s concerns about Xinjiang instability as one of the �5 Poisons� and China�s security projects and investments in Afghanistan and the South and Central Asia region due to the Taliban�s weak legitimacy, this paper concludes that the recognition of Taliban regime is not a priority agenda at this time. China prioritizes regional cooperation and international support due to Afghanistan-based terrorism.
 Keywords: Foreign Policy, China, Taliban, Afghanistan, De Facto Recognition