Government Policy Variables Research Articles

Kebijakan Pemerintah, Informasi Media Sosial, Dukungan Keluarga, dan Hubungannya terhadap Kesiapan Vaksinasi Covid-19 pada Ibu Nifas

Introduction: The Covid-19 vaccination for pregnant and lactating women uses three types of vaccines, namely the Pfizer and Moderna mRNA platform Covid-19 vaccines and the Sinovac virus inactivated platform vaccine, according to availability. Government policies, social media information, and family support are factors that influence the readiness for Covid-19 vaccination in postpartum mothers. Objectives: This study aims to determine the relationship between government policies, social media information, and family support with readiness for Covid-19 vaccination in postpartum mothers at the Paninggilan Health Center. Method: Using descriptive analytics with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique in this study used total sampling, where the sample used was 64 respondents. The instrument used is using a questionnaire. Then the data were analyzed using univariate analysis and bivariate analysis through statistical chi-square tests. Result: The results showed that the relationship between government policy and Covid-19 vaccination readiness obtained a p-value of 0.004, social media information with Covid-19 vaccination readiness obtained a p-value of 0.000, and family support with Covid-19 vaccination readiness obtained a p-value of 0.000. Conclusion: There is a relationship between government policy variables, social media information, and family support with the readiness of covid-19 vaccination for postpartum mothers at the Paninggilan Health Center in 2022.

"The Effect Of Policy, Government Performance, And Information Technology On The Quality Of Financial Statements Of The Provincial Government Of Bangka Belitung Islands"

The purpose of this study is to determine how much variables affect the quality of financial statements contained in the report on the implementation of local government in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. The variables that are the focus of this study are government policy, government performance, and the use of information technology as an independent variable, and the quality of financial statements as a dependent variable. To obtain data from these variables, 58 respondents were taken. In this study, primary data was obtained from the distribution of questionnaires to employees working in finance and budgeting who became a team in making local government budgeting reports in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. As for the analysis method and hypothesis test using multiple regression test analysis. The results of hypothesis testing show that government policy variables have a negative and significant effect on the quality of financial statements. Meanwhile, government performance variables and the use of information technology have a positive and significant effect on the quality of financial statements. These three variables simultaneously affect the quality of financial statements. The value of the coefficient of determination shows that government policy, government performance, and the use of information technology have an influence on the quality of financial statements by 47,3 percent while 52,7 percent are influenced by other variables outside this study or other variables that are not included in this study. With this research, it is hoped that the government can make this research a reference in improving government performance in preparing quality and targeted financial statements. For further research, it is expected to explore other factors that can affect the quality of financial statements.

Impact of Climate Variation on Agricultural Productivity and Food Security in Rural India

This research paper analyzes the impact of climate change on agricultural productivity in quantity terms, value of production in monetary terms and food security in India. The study undertook state wise analysis based on secondary data for the duration of 1980 to 2009. Climate variation affects food grain and non-food grain productivity and both these factors along with other socioeconomic and government policy variables affect food security. Food security and poverty are interlinked with each other as cause and effect and vice versa, particularly, for a largely agrarian economy of India. Regression results for models proposed in this study show that for most of the food grain crops, non-food grain crops in quantity produced per unit of land and in terms of value of production climate variation cause negative impact. The adverse impact of climate change on the value of agricultural production and food grains indicates food security threat to small and marginal farming households. The state wise food security index was also generated in this study; and econometric model estimation reveals that the food security index itself also gets adversely affected due to climatic fluctuations.

ANALISIS FAKTOR EKSPOR KENDARAAN CBU RODA EMPAT DAN ENAM DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2015 – 2019

The industrial sector can develop with government policies and trade between countries. Industrialization plays an important role in improving the quality of human resources and optimally utilizing natural and other resources. To analyze the effect of government policies partially on exports of four- and six-wheeled CBU vehicles in Indonesia from 2015 to 2019. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of the rupiah exchange rate against the US dollar partially and simultaneously on exports of four and six-wheel CBU vehicles in Indonesia in 2015. 2015 to 2019. The type of data used is quantitative data, with the data source being secondary data. The analysis technique used in this study uses multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that simultaneously government policy variables, exchange rates, and world oil prices have a significant effect on the value of Indonesia's CBU exports in 2014-2019, and partially government policy variables and world oil prices have a positive and significant effect on Indonesia's CBU exports. While the exchange rate variable has a negative and significant effect on Indonesian CBU. This means that if the exchange rate of the rupiah against the dollar increases or the strengthening of the value of the dollar against the rupiah will cause a decrease in the price of exported goods, the value of export goods will also decrease.

Analysis of Nine U.S. Recessions and Three Expansions

Nine U.S. recessions and three expansions are analyzed in this paper using a structural macroeconometric model. With two exceptions and one partial exception, the episodes are predicted well by the model, including the 2008-2009 recession, conditional on the actual values of the exogenous variables. The main exogenous variables are stock prices, housing prices, import prices, exports, and exogenous government policy variables. Monetary policy is endogenous. Fluctuations in stock and housing prices (housing prices after 1995) are important drivers of output fluctuations—large wealth effects on household expenditures.

PENGARUH PERSEPSI KEGUNAAN, PERSEPSI KEMUDAHAN PENGGUNAAN DAN KEPERCAYAAN TERHADAP MINAT MENGGUNAKAN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LILY BANK J TRUST

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of perceived usefulness, perception of ease of use and trust in interest of using the Virtual Assistant Lily Bank J Trust. The population of this research is the people who use the virtual assistant Lily Bank J Trust. This type of research is survey research. Data collection techniques are surveys by distributing questionnaires developed from previous research. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with 115 respondents. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the effect of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and trust in the interest of using Lily Bank J Trust's virtual assistant. The results showed the magnitude of the influence of the effect of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and trust in the interest of using the virtual assistant Lily Bank J Trust by 53.6% while 46.4% was influenced by other variables outside this study, including government policy variables, advertising socialization, and so on.

Talent Management Based-Education: Indonesian Case

This study aims to determine the effect variables on the implementation of talent management of based education (TMBE). The paper is part of the results study in 3 (three) cities in DKI Jakarta, Banten, West Java Province, Republic of Indonesia with a sample of three senior high schools each taken by purposive technique, especially good criteria and have teacher guidance and counseling status. From each school 20 high school teachers were randomly drawn to answer the questionnaire distributed to them. The questionnaire was previously validated and reliable using the product moment test criteria from Pearson and Cronbach Alpha with the help of the SPSS program version 24.0. Data is processed and analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach using the Lisrel 8.70 program. The study resulted that the provincial government policy variables (PDS), school conditions (SC), teaching activities (LT), teacher guidance and counseling (GC) functions, and parent participation (PP) had a direct positive effect on the TMBE, Cultural Values (CV), and National Education (NE) variables. The indirect effect of PDS, SC, LT, GC, PP on TMBE is greater through CV and NE, then TMBE has a positive effect on Student Outcome (SO). It is recommended that TMBE implementation requires a holistic approach taking into account the variables and all the indicators studied. Ignoring one or more variables and trend indicators will influence the success or failure of talent-based education management and in turn will have an impact on student achievement (SO).

HUBUNGAN KAUSALITAS ANTARA PENGELUARAN PENDIDIKAN DAN JUMLAH PENDUDUK YANG BERSEKOLAH FORMAL DI KABUPATEN ACEH BARAT

This study aims to determine the relationship between government expenditure in the education sector on the number of people who attend formal schools in West Aceh Regency in the period 2005-2015. The model used is the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model to see if there is a causality relationship between the education expenditure variable and the number of school students in West Aceh. Based on the Granger Causality Test on the two variables namely education expenditure and number of schools shows that there is no causality relationship between the two variables during the period 2005 to 2015. This is because many other factors influence government expenditure and the number of schools both government policy variables that do not looking at the number of schools, the problem of budget compliance in allocating education costs as much as 20 to the influence of budget politics. The influence of the education budget in the short term sometimes increases also decreases its influence unstable every period sometimes negative as well as the number of schools each period Keywords: Education Expenditures, Number of School Students and Vector Autoregressive (VAR)

Pengaruh Kualitas Website Lazada Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Online Remaja Shopaholic di Palembang

This study aims to analyze the influence of Lazada's website quality on Shophaholic teenagers' online purchasing decisions in Palembang and analyze the differences between male and female participants in online purchasing decisions in Palembang. Shopaholic is defined as a tendency to shop compulsively with a high enough frequency. Shopaholic lifestyle teenagers spend a lot of time shopping as a saturation remover, as their own satisfaction and more hanging out with people who have the same hobby in shopping. Shopping becomes a picture of consumptive behavior that is difficult to change. The positive impact as a stress reliever and to keep up with the times. While the negative impact is the formation of consumptive, wasteful, and addictive behavior. This study uses a combination of exploratory research and explanatory research. Exploratory research aims to explore the phenomenon of male and female differences in shophaholic teenagers' online purchasing decisions in Palembang. Explanatory research to explain the relationship between research variables in this case the influence of Lazada's website quality on online shophaholic teen purchasing decisions in Palembang. This type of research is survey research. The data collection technique is a survey by distributing questionnaires developed from previous research. Population is Teenagers who live in Palembang and have shop online through the Lazada website. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with 138 respondents. Regression analysis is used to test the effect of Lazada's website quality on online purchasing decisions. The results showed that the influence of website quality lazada on shopaholic teenagers' online purchasing decisions was 73.6%, while 26.4% of purchasing decision variables were influenced by other variables outside of this study, including government policy variables, advertising socialization, and so on.

The Problem of Dormitory Schools as Human Resources Development for Native Papuan Children, Indonesia

This paper aims to examine the effect of government policy variables, continuance commitment, school image, and parents' aspirations on dormitory school performance. Data collection is done by distributing questionnaires to teacher respondents, interviews, and focus group discussions. The study found that government policies and continuance commitment had a positive influence on school performance, while the school image variables and the aspirations of parents did not have a positive influence. A more coordinated and synergic operational mechanism is needed between the government (central, provincial, district) and schools to improve dormitory school performance. The government needs to give priority to honorary teachers in recruiting workers with work agreements (PP No. 48/2018), by not implementing a system of employment agreements (contracts), but as non-ASN permanent teachers who get salary / wages in accordance with applicable regulations (recommended based on regional minimum wages), the right to take competency tests and get teacher professional allowances, family health insurance, leave rights, capacity building training, and others.

Rent Seeking Activities and Aggregate Economic Performance the Case of Greece

We built upon Angelopoulos et al. (2009) and we employ a dynamic general equilibrium model in order to examine the interrelated role of rent seeking activities, institutions and government policy variables, like tax rates and public spending, on Greece’s economic performance during the last fourty years. We focus on the period 1979-2001. According to Kehoe and Prescott (2002, 2007) this period can be characterized as a great depression. The model is the standard neoclassical growth model augmented with a government sector and an institutional structure which creates incentives for optimizing agents to engage in rent seeking contests in order to extract rents from the government. This behavior creates a cost to the economy in the form of an unproductive use of resources. Our main findings are as follows: First, in terms of the path of key macroeconomic variables, our model fits the data quite well. Second, by conducting a growth accounting exercise we find that during the period 1979-1995 a non negligible proportion of the decline of total factor productivity (TFP) can be accounted for rent seeking activities. Third, our model produces an index which can be interpreted as a measure of the quality of institutions in the Greek economy. Our model based index exhibits a resemblance with the internal country risk guide (ICRG) index which is widely used in the literature as a proxy for the quality of a country’s institutions.

The Economic Impacts of Renewal Energy on Local Economies: The Case of Solar Energy in Japan

Various alternative renewable energy sources have been proposed and implemented. These energy sources, which generally do not rely on fossil fuel, are distinguished from the traditional large scale energy projects in a number of ways. On the other hand, the circumstances surrounding renewable energy sources currently under use are characterized by their small size and scale and their economic impacts are generally local. For example, wind mills based electric power generation uses locally available wind currents and geothermal power generation uses locally available geothermal heat sources. Similarly, solar power generation uses solar power available in the local regions. These imply that the economic impacts of most renewable energy sources currently in use are local. We estimate our model using cross-sectional data of regional economies measured at the prefecture level in Japan. This will allow us to estimate the impacts of certain government policy variables at the regional level as well. One hypothesis we consider in this paper is that while solar power is still negligible in terms of its impact on Japan's national economy, it has some economic impacts on the economies of the regions where they are located.

Some Efforts to Improve Business Performance Improvement Through Fishery Business Environment in Cantrang (Boat Seine) and Local Government Policies in The District Rembang

Fishing effort is one of economic activities so that in running its activities are always based on economic considerations for businesses that run to generate profits. Fishing effort has not been able to contribution a larger potion to develop Central Java economy. This is because the factors that affect fishing effort. Therefore, the government should take steps to of improve economic development, especially in the field of fisheries. The purpose of this study is to determine the environmental impact of fishing effort to the performance of fisheries, fishery business environment, and government policies on the performance of the fishery business in district Rembang. The research was conducted in Rembang in April - May 2008. The method used is descriptive by counducting survey. Primary sources of data the fishermen community. The method to determine the respondents by using purposive sampling method. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the presentation of data displayed in a frequency distribution table. To test the hypothesis proposed in this research by using, data analysis technique SEM (Structural Equation Modelling) which is operated using the program AMOS 6. The results of research shows the significance level of 5% positive effect on the business environment business performance with the calculated value of t (4.468)> | 1.96 |. By lookong at, the business environment variables fisheries, fishery performance cantrang can increase the business environment has positive influence on local government policy variables with t-count value (7.017)> | 1.96 |. Government policy is able to increase fishing effort. Capital with low interest rates is able to help fishermen catch fish in running the business. Local government policy has positive influence on business performance variables in thecapture fisheries with t-count (2.311)> | 1.96 |. Capital with low interest rates can increase the performance of the fishery business in the distric of Rembang. In conclusion the fishermen to obtain capital to improve fishing business. Key Wards : Business Environment, Performance, Government Policies

On the Determinants of Average Income Growth and Net Migration at the Municipal Level in Sweden

The purpose of this paper is to study what factors determined the average income growth and net migration at the municipal level in Sweden during the 1980s. To do this, we allow for a broad set of possible determinants of the local growth pattern such as economic “opportunity” variables, local policy and national policy decisions (including local public investments), the political stability within the local council, and the local socio-economic structure. Our results suggest a negative correlation between the initial level of average income and the subsequent average income growth, which can be interpreted in terms of conditional convergence. We also find local government policy variables to be important determinants of net migration and average income growth.

Modelling of international market selection process: a qualitative study of successful Australian international businesses

The importance and need for systematically evaluating and selecting potential foreign markets has been stressed by many researchers, and several models for selecting international markets have been prescribed. If models are simplified pictures of reality, current IMSP models do not pass the test of reality. Further, there has been limited research carried out in Australia on this issue. Using grounded theory methodology, explores how a cross‐section of successful Australian international businesses select their international markets and develops a model based on the findings. The conclusions drawn are: international businesses follow a stepwise IMSP; the first stage of this two‐stage process is based on the evaluation of market size attractiveness which takes into consideration some macro‐ and micro‐economic variables along with some other macro level and firm related variables; and the second stage is based on the evaluation of a market’s structural attractiveness which takes into consideration some cost, structural compatibility, government policy variables, along with some firm related variables.

A Dynamic Property Rights Theory of the Firm

We present a dynamic property rights model of the firm with two types of non-pecuniary spending: one that is financed through capital markets which impacts future firm wealth, and one that does not. Consumption of the latter good is consistent with what has been found in previous models. Our theoretical model indicates that excess non-pecuniary spending may diverge or converge over time, depending on specific management goals and constraints, and regulatory factors. Using a panel of Washington State hospitals, we find evidence that non-pecuniary spending does fluctuate over time and that government policy variables, such as the level of Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement have a statistically significant impact on a firm's excess non-pecuniary spending.

Forecasting Automobile Demand for Economies in Transition: A Dynamic Simultaneous-Equation System Approach

The dynamic characteristics of automobile demand are critical for national economic and revenue predictions. Automobile demand and ownership level forecasts are also the basis for travel demand models, land-use-transport interaction models, and transport policies and regulations. In this article, a dynamic automobile demand simulation model is developed utilizing a simultaneous-equation system. The system considers the interaction between supply and demand and the resulting equilibrium. Although forecasting automobile demand has been previously investigated, it has not been within such a dynamic simulation framework. Our model includes the current and lagged automobile quantity and price variables; economic, financial and operating cost variables; and income and government policy variables. The capabilities of the model are then demonstrated through performing a number of simulation experiments considering various growth-development scenarios, changes in operating costs, government policies towards automobile imports, and demographic/employment shifts. Relevant tests are applied to examine the econometric specifications and to evaluate the simulation model performance.

A small open economy model with transaction costs in foreign capital

In this paper we develop a stochastic dynamic general equilibrium model for a small open economy in the real business cycle modeling tradition. Household preferences depend on private and public consumption and leisure. Production technology depends on public capital. Government finances its investment, consumption and transfer payments by means of a proportional income tax rate. Households buy and sell foreign assets in an international capital market with transaction costs and also receive transfer payments from abroad. We calibrate the model for the Greek economy. The volatility, persistence, and co-movement properties of the business cycle component of the data generated by the model are broadly consistent with the actual behavior of the corresponding actual data. We use the model to investigate the response of major macroeconomic variables to temporary and permanent changes in government policy variables, foreign transfers, and the rate on return of foreign assets. We find that increasing government consumption and domestic transfers financed through distorting taxation lowers capital, labor (in most cases) and output while it increases foreign asset holdings, both in the short and the long run. Increasing government investment financed by distorting taxation eventually increases capital and output and decreases labor. Finally transfers from abroad decrease capital, labor and output, while they increase consumption.

The MNE investment location decision: Some empirical evidence

AbstractFactors governing MNE investment are typically divided into three groups‐infrastructural variables, location‐specific risk factors and government policy variables. The first objective of this paper is to assess the influence of these factors on MNE location decisions. The second objective is to test whether government participation in location tournaments (whereby local governments offer incentives to MNEs to influence their location decisions) is worthwhile. Arthur (1986,1990) points out that such participation is worthwhile if government policy has irreversible effects that persist after policy is withdrawn. In the estimation of the model, neither risk nor infrastructural factors are found to have a significant effect on the MNE investment location decision. However, there seems to be some evidence indicating that past investment decisions tend to have irreversible effects. Thus, government participation in location tournaments may be worthwhile.

Government Policy and the Export Performance of the Mexican Automobile Industry

ABSTRACT This paper presents a historical perspective of growth of the Mexican automobile industry, focusing on the changing position of Third‐World producers within the global motor vehicle industry. Both the impact of Mexican government policies directed toward increasing international competitiveness and that of adjustments made by transnational corporations to changes in technology and production methods are reviewed. Finally, a demand function that relates the proportion of the industry output that is exported to relative producer prices, Mexican and U.S. income, and government policy variables is estimated. The results of that analysis are consistent with the hypotheses that Mexican automotive sector exports are significantly related to (1) relative Mexico/U.S. producer prices, (2) income in the United States, and (3) changes in Mexican government export promotion policies initiated in 1983. These specific results, coupled with the global changes taking place in the industry, lead to the conclusion that Mexico can be expected to continue on its course toward fuller integration into the world motor vehicle industry as a producer of both finished vehicles and parts. While this would be a probable scenario even in the absence of the North American Free Trade Agreement, the Agreement is likely to accelerate the growth of internationally competitive automotive sector production in Mexico.