Government Of Timor-Leste Research Articles

Evaluation of E-Government System Policies in Timor-Leste From 2017 To 2023

Information and communication technology is increasingly developing in the current era, the government is required to issue a policy to prepare and develop it in the government. In this case, the implementation of e-government system policies in Timor-Leste through the central agency of information and communication technology aims to digitize government activities and services towards a modern government and ensure a transparent, effective, and efficient government. In this study descriptive qualitative research methods. Data collection is carried out by interviews, observation, and documentation with the determination of informants determined by purposive techniques or methods. This study shows that the implementation of the e-government system policy in Timor-Leste is still not effective or optimal because there are still factors that become obstacles to its implementation. Furthermore, the central agency of Tic Timor. I.P. still lacks human resources in the field of IT or adequate technical personnel, lacks facilities, and slow or unstable internet networks. The conclusion in the research obtained from the results of this study is that the Timor-Leste government through the central agency Tic Timor. I.P. has tried to develop an e-government policy system but there are still many shortcomings such as human resources in the field of informatics and technology, and low internet networks. The input suggestion given by the researcher is that the government needs to increase the capacity of supervisors and human resources to develop and accelerate the implementation of e-government policies in various government agencies at the central and regional levels.

Timor-Leste Public Financial Management: Progress And Challenges

Since gaining independence, Timor-Leste has demonstrated suboptimal public financial management in handling oil revenues. Over the past two decades, Timor-Leste has relied on oil funds as the backbone of its economy, accounting for up to 80% of the national budget each year. As a consequence, Timor-Leste faces issues arising from this dependency on oil revenues. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of public financial management in Timor-Leste in managing the national budget to support the livelihoods of its citizens. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method to comprehensively describe the existing data. The results indicate public financial management by the Timor-Leste government in handling oil funds. The government has even invited foreign investors from countries such as Indonesia and China to develop infrastructure in Timor-Leste. However, despite these foreign investments, Timor-Leste has yet to create job opportunities that can absorb the existing labor force and sustainably drive the economy.

Wastewater Management Strategy for Resilient Cities—Case Study: Challenges and Opportunities for Planning a Sustainable Timor-Leste

High population growth, a lack of wastewater treatment plants and poor wastewater management are major challenges in wastewater management in Timor-Leste (East Timor). One of the approaches of the government of Timor-Leste is to separate wastewater into greywater and blackwater from domestic, commercial, residential, and industrial areas. Three methods were applied to obtain insight into the locations and discharge of grey- and blackwater to develop a cost-effective wastewater strategy: a field survey and data collection, interviews with over 130 participants from local authorities and communities, and the open-source mapping of locations of wastewater discharge. This research concluded that 47.7% of the grey wastewater is discharged into open sewers connected directly to the sea. Most communities discharge their wastewater directly due to the absence of wastewater management, policies and regulations, and lack of communities’ understanding of the possible health impacts of wastewater. The impact of poor wastewater management showed that most of the children in these communities have suffered from diarrhea (73.8%), and in the rainy season, there is a high possibility of infection with waterborne diseases. The literature review, field mapping, and interviews show that there is high demand for a cost-effective wastewater strategy for health improvement. Low-cost nature-based solutions such as constructed wetlands and bioswales can be implemented with local skills and materials to improve the wastewater situation and address other challenges such as biodiversity loss, heat stress, drought, and floodings. These installations are easier to rebuild than large-scale grey infrastructure given the multiple hazards that occur in Timor-Leste: landslides, earthquakes, strong wind, and pluvial and fluvial floodings, and they can serve as coastal protection.

Wildlife conservation through traditional values: alarming numbers of crocodile attacks reported from Timor-Leste

AbstractOn the IUCN Red List the saltwater crocodile Crocodylus porosus is categorized globally as Least Concern, with national populations ranging from fully recovered to extinct. The saltwater crocodile population of the Southeast Asian island nation of Timor-Leste was severely depleted by colonial hunting but has recovered since independence in 2002. During 2007–2014 there was a 23-fold increase in reported crocodile attacks (104 documented attacks), concomitant with a 2% annual increase in the human population. Public tolerance to attacks and the reluctance to harm crocodiles are entwined with reverence of crocodiles as sacred beings by most but not all Timorese people. In 2022, 7–8 years after our previous assessment, we visited five sites on the south coast of Timor-Leste in Lautém, Viqueque, Manufahí and Cova Lima municipalities. High rates of crocodile attacks continue. We obtained 35 records of attacks for 2015–2022 (34% fatal). In the municipalities where crocodile attacks occurred (Lautém, Viqueque, Cova Lima), the sacred status of crocodiles prevented inhabitants from harming them in retribution. In Manufahí, where no attacks were reported, such traditional values never existed and crocodiles were hunted for subsistence and to improve safety. The design of a context-specific crocodile management programme that respects the reverence attributed to crocodiles by most people but reduces the risk of people being attacked by crocodiles is a conservation management challenge for the government of Timor-Leste. The developing tourism industry, which relies on coastal beaches and reefs, is jeopardized by the risk of crocodile attacks.

DIPLOMASI PUBLIK INDONESIA DALAM MENDUKUNG KEANGGOTAAN PENUH TIMOR LESTE DALAM ASEAN

This research aims to analyze Indonesia's public diplomacy to show its commitment to supporting Timor Leste's full membership in ASEAN. Using a qualitative research approach and library study methods whose data sources are obtained through online media, books and scientific articles. This research uses the concept of public diplomacy using the communication process carried out by the government to the international community. The results of this research show that Indonesia, as one of the countries that supports and encourages Timor Leste to become a member of ASEAN, continues to make efforts, one of which is through public diplomacy. Indonesia's public diplomacy to support Timor Leste's full membership in ASEAN was carried out through grant assistance from Indonesia to the Timor Leste government in the form of capacity building activities and cultural or artistic activities at the ASEAN Summit during the period of Indonesia's chairmanship of ASEAN

Capacity Of The President Of The Republic In Relation To The National Parliament And The Government Of Timor-Leste (2024)

Introduction: The President of the Republic is the Head of State, symbol and guarantor of national independence, the unity of the state and the regular functioning of democratic institutions under the terms of paragraph 1 of article 74 of the CRDTL, the President of the Republic through his constitutional powers provided for in clause F) of article 86 of the CRDTL, with the President of the Republic to dissolve the National Parliament in the event of a serious constitutional crisis that does not allow the formation of the government or the non-approval of the General State Budget.

The Impact of Language Policy on National Identity in Timor-Leste from an Incrementalism Perspective

In the early years of its existence, Timor-Leste's government adopted a number of policies to build a national identity in order to achieve national stability and development, of which language policy was an important component. In the wake of the 2006 crisis in Timor-Leste, the government has continued to improve its language policy in response to the social situation. This paper presents a systematic analysis of East Timorese language policy through progressivism theory. It is argued that although improvements in East Timorese language policy have continued, they have been slow and still favour Portuguese. This has created intergenerational differences and marginalised unofficial language groups. This has undoubtedly harmed the construction of its national identity, and the lack of legislation has put Tetum, the national language, in a relatively awkward position. This paper argues that there is still much room for reform in the educational and legislative aspects of language policy in East Timor.

Interdependence study on the relationship with the authority of state institutions in the administration of the Timor-Leste government

Interdependence study on the relationship with the authority of state institutions in the administration of the Timor-Leste government

DETERMINANTS OF BUDGET PLANNING AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR MANAGERIAL PERFORMANCE

This study aims to examine how the competency of human resources, risk management, and budget politics affect budget planning and its impact on the managerial performance of the Timor-Leste government. Through the influence of human resource competence, risk management, budget politics, budget planning, and managerial performance, this study explores fundamental truths. This investigation was done across all of Timor-40 Leste’s ministries and institutions. The unit of analysis comprised the General Directors, the National Director of Finance, all internal audit personnel, and institutional leaders. The method of analysis used in this study is Structural Equation Model-SEM based on Partial Least Square-PLS. The results indicated that, with a significance level of 5% (percent), the competence of human resources, risk management, and budget politics had a significant effect in a positive direction on budget planning, indicating that budget planning will improve proportionally to the competence of human resources, risk management, and budget politics. Then budget planning and human resource competence have a considerable positive influence on management performance; this indicates that as budget planning and human resource competence improve, so will managerial performance. Additionally, risk management and budget politics have no effect on managerial performance; this demonstrates that enhanced risk management and budget politics have no effect on managerial performance.

The Estimation of Diversity and Potential Utilization of Agroforestry Plants in Batara Village, Timor-Leste

In the context of conservation, the government of Timor-Leste and its partners work together to implement an agroforestry program to address the problem of forest loss which continues to be graded every year. This study aimed to estimate the level of plant species diversity and the potential benefits of agroforestry for the Batara Village community. Data collection was carried out on agroforestry land owned by farmers in Batara Village from December 2021 to January 2022 and data collection using the single plot method and census method, namely 10m x 10m seedlings, 40m x 40m sapling, 60m x 60m pole and 113,14m x 113,14m tree. Data for plant diversity can be analyzed using the margalef index, shannon wiener, and evenness, and the potential benefits of agroforestry using descriptive analysis. Based on the results of research on the diversity of plant species in agroforestry land in Batara village, 33 species of seedling and understorey, sapling level 19 species, pole level 17 species, and tree level 15 species and overall found 42 species of plants with 25 families and the results of descriptive analysis of respondents' interviews show that agroforestry can contribute from an economic point of view by 54.28%, from an ecological perspective to 32.95%, from a social perspective to 24.18% and from a cultural perspective to 6.1%.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis Genotypes and Drug Susceptibility Test Results from Timor-Leste: A Pilot Study.

Tuberculosis (TB) is prevalent and a major public health problem in Timor-Leste. The government of Timor-Leste is prioritising the surveillance of TB and drug-susceptibility testing (DST) to understand the burden of TB and TB drug resistance in the country. Moreover, little is known about the origin of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in Timor-Leste. This study reports MTB DST and sequencing for Timor-Leste. A pilot study was carried out in which a convenience sample of TB isolates from mucopurulent sputum collected from presumptive TB patients in the capital Dili between July and December 2016 was tested for phenotypic and genotypic evidence of drug resistance. Standard MTB culture was performed at the Timor-Leste National Health Laboratory (NHL). The MTB isolates were sent to the Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory (VIDRL) in Australia for DST and sequencing. Overall, 36 MTB isolates were detected at the NHL; 20 isolates were recovered during sub-culturing at VIDRL. All 20 isolates were susceptible to rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, with no genotypic markers of resistance identified. On sequencing, lineage 4 was the most common. The results of this study provide a small snapshot of MTB diversity and resistance in an under-sampled region with very high TB incidence. Future investment in whole-genome sequencing capacity in Timor-Leste will make it possible to undertake further, more representative analyses that may be used to evaluate transmission dynamics and epidemiology of genotypic markers of resistance.

MEMBERSHIP STATUS OF TIMOR LESTE IN ASEAN BASED ON ASEAN CHARTER 2007: PROBLEM AND PROSPECT

As the youngest country in Southeast Asia, Timor Leste realizes that becoming a member of ASEAN is important, and even the Timor Leste government says joining ASEAN is a priority for the country. Following up on its seriousness, in 2011, Timor Leste officially submitted an application to become a member of ASEAN, but 11 years later, the application has not yet been approved. Based on this background, this study was conducted to determine the current status of Timor Leste's membership in ASEAN based on the ASEAN Charter 2007 and to find out what hinders Timor Leste's acceptance as a member of ASEAN and how the prospects for Timor Leste's membership in ASEAN in the future. The results of this study show that first, in terms of Article 6 paragraph 2 of the ASEAN Charter, Timor Leste's membership status in ASEAN has not been ratified because Timor Leste has not fulfilled all the requirements contained in the article so currently, it is still a non-member observer country. Second, the thing that hinders Timor Leste's acceptance as a member of ASEAN is the use of a rigid and absolute consensus as well as the growing era which makes ASEAN countries increasingly see many factors to accept Timor Leste, then seen from Timor Leste's economic growth which is the slowest in Southeast Asia and one of the poorest countries in the world makes the authors feel that Timor Leste's membership status in ASEAN will not be accepted in the near future.

Tirilolo village community vulnerability and perceptions of the cement industry planning in Baucau District, Timor Leste

The cement industry investment in Baucau Regency is agreed to be the key to economic growth, creating new jobs, and reducing poverty. To support this investment in the cement industry sector, the government of Timor Leste issued Government Resolution no. 14/2016 regarding the Special Investment Agreement submitted by the Company TL Cement, Lda. Baucau Regency area has a good stretch of karst for the supply of the main raw material for cement production, thus chosen as an investment location. Tirilolo village as well as the surrounding community, where they plan to establish a limestone factory and mine is planned – will receive both benefits and risks from the investment planning. This study uses a mixed-method with a survey approach, interviews, and questionnaires, with socio-economic risk assessment at the local level in the cement industry investment plan sector. This study uses secondary data analysis and field observations. The data obtained will be analyzed descriptively and using a scoring technique on each indicator. Some of the research results obtained indicate a basic vulnerability, that the population density in Tirilolo Village is 52 people/ha, with female household heads 5%, people with disabilities 7%, vulnerable age population 26%. In the education sector, 68.75% of the population did not go to school, while only 17% graduated from elementary school, 5.2% graduated from junior high school, and 8.3% graduated from high school. The average community income is less than $100 per month. The results of structured interviews and focus group discussions show that even though factories and mines carry risks, people look forward to jobs that will emerge to make changes in their lives.

Case Study of Public-Private Partnership on Infrastruc-ture Projects of Tibar Bay Port in Timor-Leste

Public - Private Partnership (PPP) offers many potential benefits for the government in providing infrastructure facilities. However, the implementation of the Public Private Partnership project is not easy. Infrastructure Development is one of the development priorities in developed and developing countries, including Timor-Leste. As one of the priorities of national development, cost limitations are the main problem faced by the government. Therefore, to overcome the lack of funding, the government can involve the private sector in terms of providing funds to finance the construction of infrastructure facilities.The Government of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (RDTL) must have good regulations to achieve the goals of Timor-Leste in the future through cooperation between the government and the private sector. Good regulation is one of the best ways for good cooperation between the government and the private sector.In this study, the chosen location is the Tibar Bay Port in Timor-Leste. Based on the results of research that has been done, infrastructure development efforts do not have to rely on the Timor-Leste government as a single actor, the involvement of other parties such as the private sector is also needed for infrastructure development. The Government of Timor-Leste is fulfilling a big dream for the the future through the development of infrastructure in accordance with the strategic development plan for 2011-2030 to come, because the Government of Timor-Leste prepares a bright future for a country to become a developed country like other countries.

The Determinants Perception Of Male Sex With Man (Msm) Concerning The Utilization Of VCT (Voluntary Counselling And Testing) HIV / AIDS In Dili Municipality, Timor-Leste

Background and objectives: The spread of HIV / AIDS is still a major worrying problem at this time, not a single country in the world is free from HIV / AIDS. WHO has set a target of 90-90-90 which is expected that by 2020, 90% of people living with HIV will know their status, 90% of all people diagnosed with HIV will receive continuous antiretroviral treatment and 90% of all people who receive antiretroviral treatment obtains HIV viral suppression. The Government of Timor-Leste in its efforts to tackle HIV / AIDS in the future by improving coordination between related sectors in the context of implementing AIDS prevention programs with the hope of achieving targets, namely zero new infection, zero AIDS related death and zero discrimination. This study aims to determine the determinants of the perception of MSM in the use of VCT.
 
 Methods: This study used a cross-sectional analytic survey design with men having sex with men (MSM) aged ≥ 18 years as respondents. The study was conducted in Dili Municipality, Timor-Leste. The sample was selected using the convenient sampling method with a total of 150 respondents. Data collected by interview method. Data analysis was performed using logistic regression to determine the Adjusted Odd Ratio of each variable.
 
 Results: The results showed that respondents who had tested in the last 1 year were 64.7% and respondents who had never tested in the last 1 year were 35.3%. The results of multivariate analysis with logistic regression showed that the variables associated with VCT utilization were perceived vulnerability (AOR = 14.761; 95% CI = 1.976-110.242; p = 0.009) and information sources (AOR = 0.038; 95% CI = 0.005-0.284; p = 0.001).
 
 Conclusion: Perceptions of vulnerability and sources of information are related to the use of VCT in MSM. So it is hoped that health workers will collaborate with NGO administrators to be more active in educating MSM regarding the importance of using VCT through VCT mobile services, using approaches through online media and direct counseling.

Revised web impact factor analysis of Timor Leste University website during COVID-19 pandemic

The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic requires the Timor Leste government to make a school from home policy. This policy has encouraged several universities to improve the quality of their distance learning services. However, it seems that the government has not gone deep enough to conduct a preliminary study on each university website's readiness to face this. Based on previous research, the university website impact factor is one of the criteria for increasing webometrics rankings. Still, it is not explained in detail the types of referring pages and domains that can affect webometrics rankings. This research investigates the extent to which R-WIF affects webometrics and examines the factors that can improve the university website's quality. We surveyed the revised web impact factor (R-WIF) at seven universities in Timor Leste to determine their academic sites' relative standing. The results show, although some universities have increased the number of backlinks, the webometrics university ranking prefers backlinks that come from high-authorization sites such as .edu and .gov. The correlation value indicates this phenomenon between R-WIF and Webometrics of 0.464, which means moderate. Universities in Timor Leste need to implement several strategies to improve Webometrics rankings, especially visibility.

LEGALANALYSIS ON THE INTERDEPENDENT COMPETENCES BETWEEN STATE AGENCIES IN ENACT OF THE VOLUNTAR ARBITRATION LEGAL REGIME (A STUDY FROM TIMOR-LESTE GOVERNMENT)

The adoption of separation of power principles given by Montesqiu in governing the state in Timor-Leste is clearly granted by its 2002 Constitution. However, the debate on its interdependent competence in regard to the legislatif initiative and authority delegation to enact any regime remain doubted. Include in this study on these two major organs of executive lead by the government and the legislatif led by the parliament on its interdependent competence on enacting of the Voluntary Arbitration Legal Bill in Timor-Leste. Early this year, the Timor-Leste Government enacted a new Voluntary Arbitration Legal Bill aligned with passing a Government Resolution on the Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Award (convention on the recognition and implementation of foreign Arbitration Awards). This Convention has been ratied by the Timor-Leste National Parliament through the Resolution number 3/V/2 dated 20 January 2021 concerning Timor-Leste's accession to the 1959 New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards. This study examined the interdependence on the separation of powers in a two dominant competence system which are the government with the competence of Delegation Authorities to initiate a legislation and the parliament with the attribution to enact a legal regime and more over to the political decision on proposed law of the Voluntary Arbitration Legal Bill. Hence, this study resume that, although the government competence attribute by the constitution were stipulated clearly in Timor-Leste Constitution in article 115 (3) such as its competence to has exclusive legislative competence on matters concerning its own organization and functioning, as well as on the direct and indirect administration of the State. Hence this competence provide authorities to propose and drafting any legal regime that matters to government concern only as authorized by the parliament only as compared to the article 96 point 1 line k) on legislatif authorities as well as article 97 point 1 line 3) on legislatif initiative which government hold the delegation authorized only by the parliament to initiate legislation and in regards to the general rules and regulations for the requisition and expropriation for public utility; furthermore to enact the Voluntary Arbitration Legal Regime for its citizens.

Taxation Policy by Tax Incentive For Foreign Investment in Timor Leste

The Foreign Investment Law, namely Law Number 5 Year 2005 Articles 14 and 15 concerning the granting of tax incentives to entrepreneurs, especially foreign investors. The Timor Leste government has prepared tax incentives to increase the value of investment to foreign investors. This research is a qualitative study. Methods of data collection using observations and structured interviews. Meanwhile, the data used are taxation reports, taxation policies on investment incentives and foreign investment. The research was carried out on the officials of the Director General of Tax and Customs of Timor Leste, the Head of the Foreign Investment Board of Timor Leste, the Head of Fiscal Policy are several Timorese and a National Director in Tax and Customs of Timor Leste and staff. The result of the research states that tax revenue will decrease with the tax incentives, but after investment activities run smoothly, investors will become taxpayers. The government must prepare itself both in terms of infrastructure, human resources, government administration bureaucracy to host foreign investors.

Maritime Boundary-making and Improving Ocean Governance in Timor-Leste

Maritime Boundary-making and Improving Ocean Governance in Timor-Leste

The Role of Caucus Feto Iha Politika in Increasing Women’s Representation in Timor-Leste’s Parliament

Woman had been neglected from the political affairs in the early of post-independent era. It raised the concerns of women activists on political participation. They realized Timorese women had played a significant role in fighting for independence along with male veterans. Caucus Feto Iha Politika appears as the prominent NGO in Timor-Leste that promoting gender equality in politics. It resulted the rising of women’s representation in Timor-Leste Parliament significantly. Moreover, its woman participation in parliament achieves the highest percentage in the Asia Pacific. This research lies on the question of how does the role of Caucus Feto Iha Politika in increasing women’s representation in parliament of Timor-Leste. The data obtained from primary and secondary sources by conducting the in-depth interview and library research. In order to answer the research question, the authors reiterated the three main components of NGOs roles –implementer, catalyst, and partner by Lewis as the analytical framework. The authors humbly concluded that for increasing the number of women MPs, Caucus Feto Iha Politika played two prominent roles, as follows: 1) catalyst, by advocating the policy change of women-friendly legislative quota policy to the Government of Timor-Leste, and 2) partner, by working closely with the related stakeholders to increase the capacity of potential female candidates and elected women MPs through capacity building.