Google Internet Search Research Articles

Global google trends for construction demonstrate low search volume index for stress, mental and suicide

The comparison of Google internet searches for English words in construction for “construction stress”, “construction mental” and “construction suicide” with reference to “construction worker” has not previously been undertaken. It is important to understand internet interest across these 3 terms as all are relevant to mental health and stress in construction. Suicide risk is significantly complex and multifactorial. Our aim is to investigate internet search interest across construction with a focus on mental, stress and suicide, and determine whether there is consistent interest across these search terms. Methods: Using Google Trends, data on global search queries we compared “construction mental” or “construction stress” and “construction suicide”. Two time periods were compared, the last 5 years and the last 24 months, both till December 8th, 2022. The relationship between web search interest, reflected by search volume index (SVI) for society and community versus the business and industrial category and health category were evaluated. Results: Open category searches on Google trends for the key words “construction mental” or “construction stress” demonstrated moderate SVI peaks over a 5-year period. Sub-group analyses for the industrial and business category demonstrated consistent low interest in suicide compared to search terms related to stress or mental health. Conclusion: There is limited online interest in construction mental and stress and even less interest in suicide.

Diet-Nutrition Information Seeking, Source Trustworthiness, and Eating Behavior Changes: An International Web-Based Survey.

To understand the extent to which different sources of diet and nutrition information are sought, trusted, and relied upon for making dietary changes, the present international web-based survey study gauged participants' (n = 3419) diet-nutrition information-seeking behaviors from 22 interpersonal and general sources with varying quality, trust levels in these sources, and reliance on each source for making dietary changes. Qualitative insights were also captured regarding trustworthiness formation. The results revealed a disconnect between source popularity and perceived trustworthiness. While nutrition-health websites, Google-Internet searches, and diet-health books were most commonly consulted, participants placed the highest level of trust in nutrition scientists, nutrition professionals, and scientific journals, suggesting that frequent information seeking from a subpar source may not be a reliable predictor of the level of trust assigned to it. Although the frequency of source-seeking behaviors and source trustworthiness both contributed to dietary changes, the latter appeared to have a more pronounced influence. When a source was less trusted, there was a reduced likelihood of relying on it for changing diet. Additionally, source seeking may not always translate into effective dietary change, as shown by the less strong correlation between the two. These associations significantly differed depending on the source.

Household pandemic Internet search intensity and stock returns: A case of tourism industry resiliency

This paper uses the Google Internet search volume index to capture pandemic attention and examines the effect of COVID-19 on the stock returns of the tourism industry. We find a significant negative effect of pandemic attention sentiment on tourism industry stock returns. The results are robust to the inclusion of alternative pandemic information variables and firm and business cycle controls. Results suggest that large-size firms, firms with better growth opportunities, and value stocks are more resilient to mitigate uncertainty induced by the pandemic. Investors welcome governmental economic policy interventions and thus adjust their return expectations less negatively. Finally, we find that the country's cultural dimension, government efficiency, stable financial system, and health system help to mitigate the downside risk of stock price movements induced by the pandemic.

Regenerative therapies for erectile dysfunction: the influence of direct-to-consumer marketing on patient interest.

Despite a lack of evidence, a number of "regenerative" therapies have become popularized treatments for erectile dysfunction (ED). Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections and shockwave therapy have received significant attention through direct-to-consumer marketing and are advertised as viable alternatives to guideline-backed therapies. Additionally, focused low-intensity shock wave therapy (LiSWT) has become conflated with acoustic or radial wave therapy (rWT), although their mechanism of wave generation and tissue penetration is distinct. GAINSWave, a marketing platform for acoustic wave therapy, has also pervaded the marketplace. We aim to evaluate the relative impact of direct-to-consumer marketing of shockwave therapy and PRP by analyzing the quantity of Google internet search queries for selected regenerative and guideline-backed non-regenerative therapies for ED. National Google Search trends in the United States (www.google.com/trends) were analyzed to characterize interest in different forms of therapy for ED. Search trends for PRP, LiSWT (and various iterations), intracavernosal injections (ICI), intraurethral injections (IU), vacuum erectile device (VED), and GAINSWave were analyzed. Monthly search data were compiled over multiple years, ending at 2/28/2020, just before the COVID-19 pandemic and state of emergency in the United States. Macro-level changes in public interest were quantified using yearly averages. Patterns in Google Search interest in PRP and LiSWT increased respectively by 3-fold and 275-fold over the decade, representing a larger share of Google Searches by 2020. Trends in Google Search interest in selected types of shockwave therapy for ED also show that queries for GAINSWave commanded public interest, increasing by 219-fold from 2016 to 2020. Regenerative therapies for ED have produced interest surpassing other adjunct guideline-backed therapies, despite receiving the designation of "experimental" or "investigational" therapies. The establishment of GAINSWave also constitutes an inflection point for the whole shockwave market: searches for shockwave therapy increased by 782% between 2016 and 2020. Direct-to-consumer marketing of PRP and shockwave therapy has upturned the customary role of physicians in counseling patients about evidence-based therapies for ED. This increase in public interest in GAINSWave emphasizes its success as a marketing platform. The urological community should consider strategies to address misinformation, such as search-engine optimization, social media, and educational outreach.

Quality and readability of online information on hand osteoarthritis.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the quality and readability of web pages providing information about hand osteoarthritis using several authorized methods.Methods: A web page exploration was performed using the Google internet search engine. The three search terms, "hand osteoarthritis," "finger osteoarthritis," and "hand OA," were used and the top 100 ranked websites were selected and divided into six categories. The Health on the Net Foundation (HON) grade scale, an instrument for judging the quality of written consumer health information on treatment choice (DISCERN instrument), and the Ensuring Quality Information for Patients (EQIP) score were used to evaluate the quality of each website. The Flesch-Kincaid reading ease (FRE) score, Flesch-Kincaid grade (FKG) level, Gunning-Fog index, and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook grade level were used to evaluate website readability.Results: Among 300 websites, 57 websites were selected following exclusion criteria. News portal websites, including the online version of newspapers and periodicals, showed the highest score in all three quality evaluation tools. Only four websites were regarded as high-quality websites based on the HON grade scale (n = 3) and the EQIP score (n = 1). Each type of website showed an average FKG level higher than 7th grade and obtained an average FRE score of less than 80 points, indicating an inappropriate level for a layperson to read.Conclusions: The online information about hand osteoarthritis is low quality and difficult to read for the general public. There is a need to enhance the quality and readability of web-based information related to hand osteoarthritis for patients to obtain credible information and receive proper treatment for the disease.

Correction of gut dysbiosis as a promising direction in the prevention of neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment

In recent years new data have been obtained on the role of intestinal dysbiosis in the pathogenesis mechanisms of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD), as well as on the influence of dietary patterns (Mediterranean diet, MIND diet) and probiotics on the correction of dysbiosis and slowing down the development of cognitive disorders. It seems reasonable to draw the attention of practicing physicians to the need to prevent cognitive dysfunction through dietary correction, probiotics and prebiotics intake. The purpose of the research was to study the possibility of using certain dietary patterns, as well as intake of probiotics and prebiotics for the correction of dysbiosis and early prevention of cognitive dysfunction, basing on the analysis of published data on the bidirectional communication between the colon microbiota and the brain and microbiota changes in patients with cognitive dysfunction and AD. Material and methods. We searched domestic and foreign literature devoted to gut microbiota, the "gut-brain" axis, microbiota disorders in AD patients; mechanisms of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration; the role of dietary patterns, in particular MIND diet, pre- and probiotics in the prevention of cognitive dysfunction - via PubMed search engine, SemanticScholar Google Internet search platform and domestic scientific electronic library Cyberleninka. 72 literature sources were analyzed. Results. Intestinal dysbiosis and disruption of intestinal barrier integrity play an important role in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Changes in the microbiota in patients with cognitive impairment and AD are associated with disease severity and are generally characterized by increased numbers of Gram-negative microorganisms in Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria phyla and decreased numbers of Gram-positive microorganisms in Firmicutes and Actinobacteria phyla. An increase in gram-negative microorganisms abundance leads to elevated release of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) that disrupt the integrity of the intestinal mucous barrier and, through a series of steps, initiate neuroinflammation. Course application of probiotics containing representatives of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus genera, in particular, Bifidobacterium breve A1 и Lactobacillus plantarum С29 strains, leads to improved cognitive function, which can be explained by anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Long-term prospective studies of the effects of dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet and the MIND diet clearly show delayed regression of cognitive function in older adults without initial dementia as well as in patients with AD. For example, according to various studies, individuals who have strictly adhered to the Mediterranean diet for 6-9 years have a 23-39% lower risk of developing cognitive impairment. Adherence to the MIND diet for 6 years has a statistically significant association with higher verbal memory scores. Correction of gut dysbiosis, including through the administration of probiotics, prebiotics and bringing the diet to the MIND diet pattern, is the most affordable and rational method for early prevention of cognitive dysfunction. Conclusion. A promising strategy in the early prevention of neuroinflammation, cognitive impairment and dementia is to maintain the balance of the gut microbiota. The solution to this problem is achieved by adjusting the dietary pattern, increasing the use of dietary fiber and prebiotics and reasonable use of probiotics.

Assessment of the Web Site Availability and Content of Pediatric Ophthalmology Fellowship Programs: A Cross-Sectional Nationwide Study.

Background Fellowship program Web sites are a crucial source of information for prospective pediatric ophthalmology applicants, especially in light of the restrictions on in-person interactions due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Objective This study examined all pediatric ophthalmology fellowship Web sites for availability and presented recruitment and training content. Methods A full list of all pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus (POAS) fellowship programs were compiled from the Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology (AUPO) directory and the San Francisco Match (SFMatch) application listing. Each fellowship was queried by Google Internet search to identify the program's corresponding Web site. The content of Web sites was evaluated using 20 predetermined recruitment and training criteria. All data were collected in February 2022. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were constructed to examine differences by geographic location, program size, number of teaching faculty, and affiliation with a top ophthalmology residency program. Results There were 45 pediatric ophthalmology fellowships identified from the AUPO and SFMatch. All pediatric ophthalmology fellowships had an available program Web site. However, there was significant variability in content, and the average Web site had approximately half of the evaluated criteria. POAS Web sites reported a greater number of recruitment criteria than program training criteria. There were no differences by program size, number of faculty, affiliation with a top residency program, or geographic location in the number of observed criteria. Conclusions This study provides data to drive efforts to improve pediatric ophthalmology fellowship Web sites. Pediatric ophthalmology fellowship Web sites are missing important information, and there are opportunities to improve program Web sites, regardless of program size, number of faculty, affiliation with a top residency, and geographic location. Informative, accurate Web sites may attract qualified candidates, and as a result, elevate the likelihood that interviewed candidates are well-suited to the program. As such, improvements to fellowship Web sites can streamline the application process and increase a program's success rate in the match.

Following the Trend: A Comparative Analysis of Public Engagement and Funding for Annual Prostate and Breast Cancer Campaigns Using Google Trends.

Google Trends (Google Inc., USA) is a web-based service that offers data on the time and volume of Google Internet searches. We used Google Trends to identify increases in search traffic caused by cancer campaigns, which are held in October and November each year for breast cancer (BC) and prostate cancer (PC), respectively, in our region. We investigated whether this increase in search traffic coincided with increased research funding or public donations. Google searches for PC were compared and scaled against searches for BC from January 2010 to December 2021. The month with the highest volume of search hits for either term was given a relative search volume index of 100. All other months for both search terms were scaled against this index of 100. The degree of government research spending and public donations were contrasted against search traffic. Search volume increased for both campaign months (49% for BC in October, 5% for PC in November). The mean relative search volume for each campaign's specific month was 72.6 for BC, 18.4 for PC; mean difference of 50.75 (95% confidence interval=42.7-58.8, p<0.001). Annual mean (±standard deviation) expenditure of Government research grants was $22.2 million (± $1.5 million) for BC and $9.7 million (± $2.9 million) for PC with a mean difference of $12.5 million (95% confidence interval=$10.5-14.6 million, p<0.001). The BC campaign resulted in a statistically significant increase in search traffic compared to that for PC and correlated with statistically significant increases in research spending. Google Trends offers a method of evaluating cancer campaign efficacy and public interest.

Internet Searches, Household Sentiment, and Credit Spreads

We use Google internet search volumes to measure households’ pessimism about overall market-wide credit health in the economy and show that this “household default sentiment” is positively correlated with the credit default swap (CDS) spread level in the market. However, while household default sentiment might drive the cost of credit to some degree, either directly or indirectly through its effect on the stock market, we find the stock market’s opinion about the credit risk in the economy (default probabilities backed out from structural models) to be much more important in explaining credit spreads. The rather weak link between household sentiment and CDS spreads, meanwhile, is consistent with the almost complete absence of retail investors (households) in the institutional investor-dominated credit derivatives market. The results are essentially the same, whether we look at market-wide CDS indexes or single-name CDS contracts, and whether we exclude the financial crisis or not.

The Referral Pattern in a Central Hospital in Iran During the First COVID-19 Peak: The Role of Media and Health Planning

Background: A better understanding of the pattern of epidemic-related referrals to healthcare centers might allow the identification of vulnerabilities and the required changes that the healthcare management system should undergo. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the COVID-19 referral pattern and the role of media and health management planning in changing the trends. Methods: Data extracted from the electronic medical database of Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex (IKHC), located in Tehran, Iran, from February 20 to June 4, 2020 were examined. Individuals were divided into two groups, COVID-19 positive and negative. We used Google Trends to evaluate Google Internet search queries and also available policy documents, programs, and official news related to COVID-19 in Iran during the mentioned period. Results: In this study, 8647 individuals aged 46.05 ± 16.5 years were referred to IKHC. Approximately 57% were male, and 70% were COVID-19 positive. The most clinical symptoms were dyspnea, fever, cough, and myalgia. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus were the most common underlying health conditions. In the first two weeks, the percentage of negative cases was higher than positive cases and then the pattern was reversed, when people searched for information about COVID-19 in media. Conclusions: Proper and timely information and education to people through the media and health management measures can be effective in reducing unnecessary visits to health centers, preventing the exhaustion of medical staff, and controlling the disease during epidemics.

United States lung cancer screening program websites: radiology representation, multimedia and multilingual content

PurposeTo assess radiology representation, multimedia content, and multilingual content of United States lung cancer screening (LCS) program websites. Materials and methodsWe identified the websites of US LCS programs with the Google internet search engine using the search terms lung cancer screening, low-dose CT screening, and lung screening. We used a standardized checklist to assess and collect specific content, including information regarding LCS staff composition and references to radiologists and radiology. We also tabulated types and frequencies of included multimedia and multilingual content and patient narratives. ResultsWe analyzed 257 unique websites. Of these, only 48% (124 of 257) referred to radiologists or radiology in text, images, or videos. Radiologists were featured in images or videos on only 14% (36 of 257) of websites. Radiologists were most frequently acknowledged for their roles in reading or interpreting imaging studies (35% [90 of 574]). Regarding multimedia content, only 36% (92 of 257) of websites had 1 image, 27% (70 of 257) included 2 or more images, and 26% (68 of 257) of websites included one or more videos. Only 3% (7 of 257) of websites included information in a language other than English. Patient narratives were found on only 15% (39 of 257) of websites. ConclusionsThe field of Radiology is mentioned in text, images, or videos by less than half of LCS program websites. Most websites make only minimal use of multimedia content such as images, videos, and patient narratives. Few websites provide LCS information in languages other than English, potentially limiting accessibility to diverse populations.

Trends in Rotavirus Laboratory Detections and Internet Search Volume Before and After Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction and in the Context of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic-United States, 2000-2021.

BackgroundSince rotavirus vaccines became available in the United States in 2006, there have been reductions in rotavirus hospitalizations, changes in seasonality, and the emergence of a biennial trend of rotavirus activity. Reductions in other pathogens have been associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mitigation measures. We assessed ongoing rotavirus disease trends during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsWe report a 3-week moving average of the number of rotavirus tests, positive tests, and the percent positivity from laboratories reporting to the National Respiratory and Enteric Virus Surveillance System (NREVSS) from July 2000 through June 2021. To complement NREVSS data, we analyzed Google internet search interest in “rotavirus” from July 2004 to June 2021.ResultsDeclines in rotavirus activity following vaccine introduction and the biennial trend are evident through the 2018–2019 surveillance year. In 2019–2021, rotavirus test positivity was below the historic ranges during the months of typically high rotavirus activity, and precipitous declines were noted in March 2020.ConclusionsIn the 15 years since rotavirus vaccine was introduced, the number of laboratory-detected rotavirus infections has been consistently lower than during the prevaccine era. During the COVID-19 pandemic, rotavirus activity was suppressed. There may be many rotavirus-susceptible children during the 2021–2022 rotavirus season.

Using Google Trends to Predict COVID-19 Vaccinations and Monitor Search Behaviours about Vaccines: A Retrospective Analysis of Italian Data.

Google Trends data are an efficient source for analysing internet search behaviour and providing valuable insights into community dynamics and health-related problems. In this article, we aimed to evaluate if Google Trends data could help monitor the COVID-19 vaccination trend over time and if the introduction of COVID-19 vaccines modified the interest of pregnant women in vaccination. Data related to Google internet searches and the number of vaccine doses administered in Italy were used. We found moderate to strong correlations between search volumes of vaccine-related terms and the number of vaccines administered. In particular, a model based on Google Trends with a 3-week lag showed the best performance in fitting the number of COVID-19 vaccinations over time. We also observed that the introduction of COVID-19 vaccines affected the search interest for the argument “vaccination in pregnancy” both quantitatively and qualitatively. There was a significant increase in the search interest after the launch of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in Italy. Qualitative analysis suggested that this increase was probably due to concerns about COVID-19 vaccines. Thus, our study suggests the benefits of using Google Trends data to predict the number of COVID-19 vaccine doses administered, and to monitor feelings about vaccination.

The Effect of Quantitative Easing through Google Metrics on US Stock Indices

The purpose of this study is to investigate the fluctuations that occur in stock returns of US stock indices when there is an increase in the volume of Google internet searches for the phrase “quantitative easing” in the US. The exponential generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity model (EGARCH) was applied based on weekly data of stock indices using the three-factor model of Fama and French for the period of 1 January 2006 to 30 October 2020. The existence of a statistically significant relationship between searches and financial variables, especially in the stock market, is evident. The result is strong in three of the four stock indices studied. Specifically, the SVI index was statistically significant, with a positive trend for the S&amp;P 500 and Dow Jones indices and a negative trend for the VIX index. Investor focus on quantitative easing (QE), as determined by Google metrics, seems to calm stock market volatility and increase stock returns. Although there is a large body of research using Google Trends as a crowdsourcing method of forecasting stock returns, this paper is the first to examine the relationship between the increase in internet searches of “quantitative easing” and stock market returns.

Using big data to gauge effectiveness of breast cancer awareness month

Breast Cancer Awareness Month (BCAM) has been used for decades to increase awareness and screening for breast cancer, but its geographic reach and effectiveness is difficult to judge. Using Internet Search Interest (ISI) could allow for better evaluation of BCAM effects. Using Google Trends, we evaluated the ISI for “breast cancer” and “mammogram” for each state and metropolitan area from 2006 to 2019. The ISI represents population level Google internet searches relative to the highest number of searches for the United States over a given period, with a max number of 100. The ISI for each term in October (BCAM) was compared against all other months during this period, across states and across major metropolitan regions. ISI was 2.34 times higher (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 2.10–2.61, P < .001) in BCAM than the average for all other months combined. Geographically categorized data revealed that there were significant differences in the ISI for “breast cancer” and for “mammogram” among the 50 states, and among major metropolitan areas (P < .001for each). ISI suggests that BCAM is effective at increasing breast cancer related internet searches, with significant heterogeneity across states and metro areas. Google Trends is a publicly available free tool that can be used to assess penetrance of awareness campaigns in a time sensitive and location specific manner for future targeting of populations with low breast cancer awareness. Future research is needed to assess relationships between preventive outcomes and ISI scores.

A survey of commercially available electronic hand hygiene monitoring systems and their impact on reducing healthcare-associated infections

Although the benefits of electronic hand hygiene monitoring systems (EHHMSs) are well described, uptake has been poor since they were first introduced over 10 years ago. There is considerable published evidence on the association between the introduction of EHHMSs and improved hand hygiene (HH) compliance rates. However, their impact on healthcare-associated infection (HCAI) reduction is much less clear-cut. Commercial EHHMS identification was undertaken using a Google internet search and all relevant websites and marketing materials were reviewed. A structured literature search was undertaken to identify evidence of HCAI reduction through EHHMS implementation. Structured interviews were undertaken with a number of Directors of Infection Prevention and Control (DIPCs) from acute NHS Trusts in the North West of England to seek opinions on HH improvement strategies and the use of EHHMSs. Twenty-nine commercial EHHMSs were identified, 20 of which are currently market active. Six EHHMSs had supporting evidence, across nine published studies, demonstrating their ability to reduce HCAIs. However, most evaluation designs were quasi-experimental with only one study using a high-quality stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled trial design. In this study the EHHMS was part of a wider HH multi-modal improvement strategy. Structured interviews were undertaken with five DIPCs who consistently expressed a reluctance to support financial investment into this type of technology until EHHMS cost-effectiveness was better established. The evidence base for the ability of EHHMSs to reduce HCAIs needs to improve before NHS trusts will consider procuring them.

Ocular-symptoms-related Google Search Trends during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Europe

PurposeTo investigate the correlation between the daily relative search volume (RSV) of keywords related to coronavirus and ocular symptoms, and the numbers of the daily coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) new cases and new deaths in Europe using Google Trends (GT).MethodsThe RSVs of the selected keywords related to coronavirus and ocular symptoms between 24 January and 1 June 2020 in the United Kingdom, Spain, Italy, Germany and Turkey were accessed from GT. The numbers of daily COVID-19 new cases and new deaths in the same time interval in the aforementioned countries were compared with the RSVs of the keywords and terms.ResultsThe United Kingdom, Spain, Italy, Germany, and Turkey were the most affected countries from the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe. In these countries, statistically significant and strong correlations were found between the daily RSVs of most keywords related to coronavirus and ocular symptoms, and the daily numbers of COVID-19 new cases and new deaths ranging from 0.175 to 0.807.ConclusionsOcular symptoms are not the frequent signs of COVID-19, but the ocular surface is a possible route for the transmission of COVID-19. The preliminary outcomes of this study demonstrated that there are significant correlations with the ocular symptoms and COVID-19. The news about the relation of eye and COVID-19 in the mass media may have influenced the Google internet search activity of the public for ocular symptoms.

Abstract PS3-24: Using big data to gauge effectiveness of breast cancer awareness month

Abstract Introduction: Breast Cancer Awareness Month (BCAM) has been used for decades to increase awareness and screening for breast cancer but it’s reach and effectiveness is difficult to judge. Using Internet Search Interest (ISI) could allow better evaluation of BCAM effects.Methods: Using Google Trends, we evaluated the ISI of a given term(s) as compared to that cancer’s awareness month. The ISI represents population level Google internet searches relative to the highest number of searches for the United States from 2004-2019 with a max number of 100. The ISI for breast cancer and mammogram in October, which is BCAM, was compared against all other months during this period. Results: The BCAM of October was associated with statistically significant more ISI for breast cancer 77.0 vs. 34.6 (95% CI 69.5-84.5, CI 32.9-35.3, p &amp;lt; 0.0005) as compared to the rest of the year. ISI for mammogram was similar (41.6 vs. 60.2, 95% CI 39.4-43.7, 48.5-71.9, p = 0.007). There was significant differences between the top half of states with Mississippi (100), Delaware (97) and West Virginia (95) having the highest ISI while Nevada (60), Oregon (60) and Utah (57) the lowest (87.6 vs 71.8, 95% CI, 85.5-89.7, 69.0-74.6, p &amp;lt; 0.0005). There was significant differences between the top half of 208 United States metro areas with Rochester MN (100), Greenwood MS (85) and Jackson MS (80) having the highest ISI while Salt Lake City UT (43), Idaho Falls UT (41) and Roanoke VA (40) the lowest (67.5 vs 54.4, 95% CI, 66.4-68.6, 53.4-55.4, p &amp;lt; 0.0005). Conclusion: ISI suggests that BCAM is effective at increasing breast cancer awareness with significant heterogeneity across states and metro areas. This publicly available free tool can be used to assess penetrance of awareness campaigns in a time sensitive manor for future targeting of populations with low breast cancer awareness. Future research is needed to correlate outcomes and ISI. Citation Format: Diamone A. Gathers, Vernon S. Pankratz, Bernard Tawfik. Using big data to gauge effectiveness of breast cancer awareness month [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Virtual Symposium; 2020 Dec 8-11; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PS3-24.

Complications Following Self-Administration of Hyaluronic Acid Fillers: Literature Review.

The purpose of the present study is to review published literature regarding complications following self-administration of hyaluronic acid (HA) filler. The following keywords were searched in Pubmed and Cochrane database: filler AND self injection, hyaluronic acid AND self injection; filler AND self administration; hyaluronic acid AND self administration. Two authors performed title and abstract eligibility assessment independently. Gray literature and all articles cited in the included papers were also screened and their reference lists were examined to identify other potentially pertinent studies. Non-English papers were excluded. A total of 4 complications following self injection of HA were identified. Conversely, after performing a general search through the Google Internet search engine, with the item “self-injection of hyaluronic acid filler”, there were 604,000 hits. The number of articles reporting complications after the self administration of HA is few. Despite that internet searches on the same topic shows that self-administration of HA fillers is a widely discussed phenomenon in several on-line forums. The present review suggests that complications after self-injection of HA are an under-reported phenomenon.

Maternal focal atrial tachycardia during pregnancy: A systematic review.

The presentation and optimal management of maternal focal atrial tachycardia (AT) during pregnancy are unknown. The objective of this study is to conduct a comprehensive summary of the existing evidence. A systematic review of all reported cases of maternal focal AT during pregnancy was performed. The primary search queried PubMed using the MeSH terms "supraventricular tachycardia" and "pregnancy." A stepwise ancillary search included article bibliographies, citations listed by the Google internet search engine, and PubMed using the MeSH terms "atrial tachycardia" and "pregnancy." In total, 28 citations that described 32 patients were retrieved. A case from our institution was added. Detailed information was available for 30 patients. Clinical characteristics at presentation included a mean ± standard deviation of 28.3 ± 5.7 years for maternal age and 24.6 ± 7.7 weeks for gestation age. Suspected tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy was present in 20 of 30 (67%) patients and left ventricular ejection fraction improved in 15 of 15 (100%) patients with follow-up measurements. Medication failure was common. Focal AT resolved spontaneously after delivery in eight of nine(89%) patients treated with only medications. Automaticity was suggested by discrete electrograms at sites of origin and lack of reported inducibility and termination with programmed stimulation in all patients who underwent electrophysiology studies. There were nine cases of successful catheter ablation with zero fluoroscopy since 2010. Automaticity is the dominant mechanism for patients with maternal focal AT during pregnancy. Catheter ablation with zero fluoroscopy is an emerging therapy for medically refractory cases.