Good Relationship Research Articles

A dual-signal ECL-RET immunosensor based on VC-g-C3N4 and Ru-Zr-MOF for the detection of β2-MG

This work proposes a novel dual-signal electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor based on energy resonance transfer (RET) for the detection of β2-Microglobulin (β2-MG). Introducing carbon vacancy into g-C3N4 (VC-g-C3N4) can lead to the narrowing of the band gap and the reduction of LUMO, thereby significantly enhancing the ECL efficiency of the material. Meanwhile, Zr-MOF can effectively load Ru(bpy)32+ (Ru-Zr-MOF), enabling its stable existence on the electrode. The ECL emission spectrum of VC-g-C3N4 overlaps well with the fluorescence excitation spectrum of Ru-Zr-MOF, indicating an effective ECL-RET effect between them. As the concentration of β2-MG increases, the intensity of anodic ECL signal gradually increases, while the intensity of cathodic ECL signal gradually decreases. The difference between the cathodic and anodic ECL signals has a good linear relationship within the concentration range from 0.2 pg/mL to 200 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 27.73 fg/mL. The constructed immunosensor can be used for practical analysis in human serum. The proposed sensor has great potential in clinical detection of β2-MG, providing new insights for biomolecular detection and disease diagnosis.

Path to autonomous soil sampling and analysis by ground-based robots

Good site characterization is essential for the selection of remediation alternatives for impacted soils. The value of site characterization is critically dependent on the quality and quantity of the data collected. Current methods for characterizing impacted soils rely on expensive manual sample collection and off-site analysis. However, recent advances in terrestrial robotics and artificial intelligence offer a potentially revolutionary set of tools and methods that will help to autonomously explore natural environments, select sample locations with the highest value of information, extract samples, and analyze the data in real-time without exposing humans to potentially hazardous conditions. A fundamental challenge to realizing this potential is determining how to design an autonomous system for a given investigation with many, and often conflicting design criteria. This work presents a novel design methodology to navigate these criteria. Specifically, this methodology breaks the system into four components – sensing, sampling, mobility, and autonomy – and connects design variables to the investigation objectives and constraints. These connections are established for each component through a survey of existing technology, discussion of key technical challenges, and highlighting conditions where generality can promote multi-application deployment. An illustrative example of this design process is presented for the development and deployment of a robotic platform characterizing salt-impacted oil & gas reserve pits. After calibration, the relationship between the in situ robot chloride measurements and laboratory-based chloride measurements had a good linear relationship (R2-value = 0.861) and statistical significance (p-value = 0.003).

Upaya Mencapai Kebahagiaan oleh Remaja Broken Home ‎Kelurahan Pasar Baru Kota Padang ‎Panjang

This research is motivated by the existence of children from broken home families where their parents are divorced and the children do not live with both parents. The obligation to support their children is not carried out, these children feel unhappy like other friends who have intact parents. The aim of the research is to determine the efforts to achieve happiness by broken home teenagers in Pasar Baru district, Padang Panjang city. Descriptive qualitative research. Informants or people who act as information providers in this research are broken home teenagers in Pasar Baaru Village, Padang Paanjang City. Data were collected by interviews and then the data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive data analysis techniques and data triangulation, namely by comparing data obtained from observations and interviews. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that several efforts were made to achieve happiness by broken home teenagers, namely 1) having good relationships with other people, in this case, broken home teenagers have poor relationships with their parents, which can be seen from the fact that they rarely communicate as they should because their parents have separated. and live far away. 2) involve themselves in all aspects of life (full involvement), knowing that they are not fully involved either in making decisions about themselves, or in situations outside themselves. Teenagers are required to accept everything that has been chosen and arranged by their parents. Teenagers are also not involved in activities in. 3) finding the meaning of life, it is known that no one wants to be born into a disharmonious family. They only hope and aspire to help the mother who raised them.

Primary mental healthcare for adults with mild intellectual disabilities: Patients’ perspectives

Background People with mild intellectual disabilities (MID) experience more mental health (MH) problems than the general population but often do not receive appropriate primary MH care. Primary MH care is essential in integrative MH care and, therefore, demands high quality. To improve primary MH care for this patient group, account must be taken of the experiences of people with MID. So far, their perspectives have been largely absent from primary MH care research. Objectives To explore patients’ experiences, needs, and suggestions for improvement regarding primary MH care for people with MID. Methods Qualitative study among adults with MID who visited their GP with MH problems in the previous 12 months. Semi-structured interviews were conducted using a guide based on Person-Centred Primary Care Measures. Transcripts were analysed thematically. Results The 11 interviews that we conducted revealed four themes. The first theme, cumulative vulnerability, describes the vulnerability – instigated by the MID and reinforced by MH problems – experienced on a GP visit. The other themes (needs regarding the GP, needs regarding the network, self-determination) arise from this vulnerability. Conclusion People with both MID and MH problems are extra vulnerable in primary care but desire self-determination regarding their MH care trajectory. This requires investment in a good GP-patient relationship and the organisation of additional support to meet these patients’ needs, for which collaborative care with the patient, the patient’s network, and other (care) professionals is of utmost importance.

Care Relationships Between Support Staff and Adults With a Learning Disability in Long-Term Social Care Residential Settings in the United Kingdom: A Systematic Literature Review

Context: Research exploring care relationships between support staff (e.g., support workers) and adults with a learning disability in long-term social care residential settings in the United Kingdom is relatively neglected. This has potential theoretical and care practice implications. Objectives: This study sought to synthesise relevant literature, expand knowledge, and identify directions for future research. We investigated five questions about care relationships and what makes them positive, exploring definitions of care relationships, relational practices and processes, barriers and facilitators to good care relationships, the impact of relationships, and restoration of disrupted relationships. Methods: Following protocol registration in PROSPERO, a systematic literature review was conducted in June–July 2021. The review was informed by official guidelines and focused on the United Kingdom, covering 41 years of relevant work. Twelve databases and five websites were searched, and experts were contacted. Forty-five reports were included and synthesised using the narrative synthesis framework. Findings: Definitions of care relationships revolved around friendship, equality, professionalism, and power. Practices and processes underlying positive relationships included knowing the person, setting boundaries, and shifting power dynamics. Barriers to positive care relationships included staff interactional patterns, attributions, and staff dilemmas, whilst facilitators included receiving training and using communication tools. Good care relationships were key to effective support and ways to restore disrupted relationships included receiving input from systemic therapy. Limitations: Literature was limited for certain review questions and more extensive for others. Only a few reports addressed care relationships as such with the rest focusing on communication or interactions. Time constraints prevented us from including more kinds of reports. The voice of residents was limited. Implications: We hope that this review contributes to and expands knowledge around care relationships and shapes directions for future research. Findings can be used by support staff, service managers, residents, trainers, advocates, regulators, and researchers.

Correlation Analysis of Tunnel Deformation and Internal Force in the Earthquake Based on Tunnel Inclination

An increasing number of studies have shown that the seismic response of shield tunnels differs from that of aboveground structures. While the seismic response of aboveground structures is mainly influenced by the peak acceleration and frequency of the earthquake, the seismic response of shield tunnels is more influenced by the ground displacement due to the surrounding soil layers. In this study, it is not appropriate to follow the seismic concept of aboveground structures. Dynamic time-history analysis is a powerful and effective method to study the seismic response of tunnels in the typical subway in this paper. The analysis results show that the overall levelling of the tunnel will not affect the tunnel too much, and the seismic response of the tunnel is mainly related to the relative displacement of the ground around the tunnel. The analysis results show that the internal force of the tunnel and the tunnel inclination have a good linear relationship, and the tunnel inclination can be used to measure the magnitude of the seismic response of the tunnel. In the seismic design of shield tunnels, the inclination of the tunnel can be taken into account to evaluate the change in the internal forces of the tunnel during earthquakes, which avoids the need for complex dynamic time-history analysis and greatly improves the efficiency of the seismic design of shield tunnels.

Tribological Behavior of Friction Materials Containing Aluminum Anodizing Waste Obtained by Different Industrial Drying Processes

With sustainability dominating the industry, recycling the generated waste from different processes is becoming increasingly important. This study focuses on recycling waste generated during aluminum anodizing waste (AAW) in friction material formulations for automotive braking applications. However, before utilization, the waste needs to be pre-treated, which mainly involves drying. Hence, four different industrial drying methods were studied to dry the AAW, and the corresponding characteristics were observed by evaluating its residual humidity and crushability index. The waste powders were further characterized using FT-IR and SEM/EDXS to understand their constituents. The initial analysis showed that the waste subjected to the drying process P2 and P1 with the lowest final humidity fetched the most desirable results, with P1 having the simpler drying procedure. The AAW powders were added in a commercial friction material formulation at 6 and 12 wt.% and subjected to friction, wear, and non-exhaust particulate matter analysis. The worn surfaces were analyzed using SEM/EDXS evaluation to understand the extension and composition of the deposited secondary contact plateaus. It was seen that the 12 wt.% addition of waste processed using the P1 technique provided the most satisfactory friction, wear, and emission characteristics, along with expansive secondary contact plateaus with a good contribution of the waste in its formation. This study showed a good relationship between the processing method and a formulation’s tribological and emission characteristics, thereby paving the way for using this drying method for other waste requiring pre-treatment.

Barriers and facilitators to satisfaction with diabetes care: The perspectives of patients attending public diabetic clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Background The prevalence of diabetes has been increasing steadily over the past decade in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with about three-quarters of people living with the disease globally residing in these countries. Patient satisfaction can be used as a proxy measure of overall facility performance, and its use has been recommended for determining the quality of services provided by healthcare centres and organizations. This study aimed to explore barriers and facilitators towards satisfaction with diabetes care among patients attending public diabetic clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Methods A qualitative descriptive study was carried out among people with diabetes attending public diabetic clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Using a purposeful sampling technique, 35 people with diabetes were interviewed from May 2023 to July 2023 with the principles of saturation guiding sample size determination. A semi-structured face-to-face interview guide was employed in data collection. The audio-recorded interviews were transcribed and analyzed using a conventional content analysis approach after translation. NVivo 12.0 computer software was employed to organize and code the data. Results A total of 35 participants were enrolled in this study with a mean (±SD) age of 58.5 (±13.76) years. Four predominant themes and 12 categories were identified after data analysis including two barriers and two facilitators toward patients’ satisfaction with diabetes care. Financial constraints and unfavourable clinic environments were identified as barriers. Furthermore, good provider-patient relationships and continuity of care emerged as facilitators. Conclusion Barriers and facilitators to patients’ satisfaction with diabetes identified in this study are greatly determined by socio-economic and cultural conditions, highlighting the role of the healthcare delivery systems and allied stakeholders in regulatory and policy development to address the existing barriers and consolidate the proven facilitators.

Experimental Study on Flexural Behavior of RC Piles with Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars and Load Carrying Capacity Calculation

The practical application of BFRPB (Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars) as a support structure in foundation pit and slope engineering is relatively under-researched. The indoor tensile test presented in this paper is carried out on the bond between BFRPB and different labelled concrete. The mechanical characteristics of BFRPB, the failure characteristics, and the load-carrying capacity were analyzed. The results of this study demonstrate that the normal section stress of concrete cylindrical components with BFRP has a good linear relationship and supports the rationality of the flat section assumption. In circular reinforced concrete BFRP structures, the failure of the pile load occurs in four phases, and the cracking load is in the range of 51% to 67% of the normal yield load. The main bars increase in strain with load but become attenuated in the compression zone. The deformation of the main bars increases with the load but becomes muted in the compression zone. Based on the method of calculating the load-carrying capacity of GFRP-reinforced RC piles and the normal limit load-carrying moment obtained from in-door tests, the bending moment correction coefficient in the calculation formula for the load-carrying capacity of BFRP-reinforced RC piles was then obtained.

Dual-ligand lanthanide metal-organic framework based ratiometric fluorescent platform for visual monitoring of aminoglycoside residues in food samples

Herein, a dual-emission Eu metal-organic framework (Eu-MOF) is prepared and used as the ratiometric fluorescence probe for ultrasensitive detection of aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGs). Due to the strong hydrogen bond interactions between AGs and Eu-MOF, the blue emission is enhanced while the red emission has little fluctuation in Eu-MOF with the addition of AGs, thus a good linear relationship with the logarithm of AGs concentrations from 0.001 to 100 μg/mL can be established for quantitative analysis. Good sensitivity with the detection limit of 0.33 ng/mL for apramycin, 0.32 ng/mL for amikacin and 0.30 ng/mL for kanamycin is achieved. The proposed assay demonstrates good selectivity and applicability for determination of AGs in real milk and honey samples. The Eu-MOF materials are further fabricated as fluorescent test papers for facile visual detection. The as-established ratio fluorescence platform offers a portable and economical way for rapid monitoring AGs residues in complex food samples.

Aluminium-doped Carbon Dots for the Simultaneous Selective Detection of Five Tetracycline Antibiotics.

In this paper, the aluminium-doped carbon dots (Al-CDs) were developed for simultaneous selective detection of five tetracycline antibiotics (TCs), including minocycline (MC), tetracycline (TC), oxytetracycline (OTC), doxycycline (DOC) and chlortetracycline (CTC). With the bright blue fluorescence, Al-CDs displayed excellent stability and showed no obvious fluorescence intensity changes under different ionic strength, acidic or alkaline environment, continuous ultraviolet light illumination, and even longtime storage at room temperature. As adding different antibiotics, the fluorescence of Al-CDs was strongly quenched by five TCs and showed no distinguished changes with the addition of other kinds of antibiotics. The presence of interferential metal ions, anions and small organic molecules imposed no effect on the simultaneous selective detection of five TCs. A good linear relationship was achieved for five TCs in the range of 0-100μM, and the limit of detection for MC, TC, OTC, DOC, and CTC were 13.91 (0-100μM), 15.54 (0-100μM), 14.26 (0-100μM), 13.48 (0-100μM) and 13.88nM (0-100μM), respectively. Moreover, Al-CDs was successfully used to the detection of five TCs in real samples with recovery ranging from 92.47% to 122.05%, confirming a bright future for the practical applications in the assays of foods, medicines, and environments.

Novel organic base-assisted mechanochemical extraction of water-soluble and fat-soluble compounds from medicinal crop

A novel organic base-assisted (OB-assisted) mechanochemical extraction (MCE) method was established for the efficient extraction of water- and fat-soluble compounds from Ophiopogon japonicus. This study investigated the influence of OB type, amount of OB, grinding time, solid-liquid ratio, vortexing time, and pH. The optimal conditions obtained from the response surface methodology are 124.16 μL of n-butylamine, a grinding time of 6.06 min, and pH of 10.59. In addition, the method showed a good linear relationship (R2 > 0.99), high accuracy (relative standard deviation > 4.44%), and an acceptable recovery rate (89.99–110.52%). The results of scanning electron microscopy suggested that mechanochemical processes may destroy the cell walls and convert the target compounds into water-soluble salt forms in the presence of added OBs. Compared with other methods, the proposed MCE does not use any organic solvent in the extraction medium and reduces the extraction time. It was successfully applied to extract flavonoids and saponins from Ophiopogon japonicus.

Hierarchical sintered porous surfaces with enhanced pool boiling heat transfer performance for high-power cooling applications

Porous surfaces fabricated by sintering maintain good pool boiling heat transfer performances and have the advantages of high processing efficiency and low cost. Hierarchical sintered porous structures (HS) composed of copper mesh and porous column array are fabricated by a sintering process. Chemical oxidation and high-temperature reduction are used to deposit micro/nano coating on HS (NHS). The porous column array induces the capillary value effect and enhances the capillary performances of HS and NHS. The micro/nano coating provides more nucleation sites and further enhances the capillary velocity. The faster capillary velocity and higher volumetric flow rate of HS and NHS result in much higher critical heat flux (CHF) than sintered mesh surfaces (MS). The CHF of NHS reaches 2422.9 kW/m2, which is 43.7 % and 21 % higher than that of MS and HS, respectively. A good linear relationship between the volumetric flow rate and the CHF is observed. Besides, the porous structures greatly enhance the heat transfer coefficient (HTC). The micro/nano coating of NHS has a more obvious enhancement effect on HTC at low heat fluxes. The pool boiling heat transfer performance of HS and NHS is comparable to or even better than those in literature and has the feasibility of application in high-power cooling scenarios.

Microfluidic chemistry assisted synthesis of cobalt quantum dot embedded nitrogen doped carbon with oxidase-like properties toward ascorbic acid detection

Ascorbic acid (AA) is a powerful antioxidant in food safety and disease treatment. It is of great significance to develop a low-cost, high-stability, and easy-to-operate colorimetric method for quantitative detection of AA in food or human body. Although various nanozymes have been developed for the colorimetric detection of AA, the size regulation of the catalytic center of nanozymes remains a challenge. In this work, we propose a combined strategy of flow chemistry synthesis and pyrolysis to realize the controllable adjustment of the catalytic center size of nanozymes. Zinc-cobalt zeolitic imidazole frameworks (ZnCo-ZIFs) with different sizes are synthesized by flow chemistry. Nitrogen-doped carbon materials with different Co catalytic centers (80 nm–10 nm) are then obtained by pyrolysis of ZnCo-ZIFs precursors. Among them, cobalt quantum dot embedded nitrogen-doped carbon (Co QDs/N-C) exhibits excellent oxidase activity, with Vmax and Km of 4.19 × 10−7 M s−1 and 0.12 mM. Therefore, a simple, low-cost, and stable colorimetric method for the detection of AA is established with a good linear relationship (3–500 μM) and low detection limit (0.40 μM). This work has certain guiding significance for the size regulation of catalytic center of nanozyme, and the detection method has broad application prospects in biochemical sensing field.

Experimental study on the pseudo threshold pressure gradient of supported fractures in shale reservoirs

AbstractPseudo threshold pressure gradient (PTPG) exists in the propped fractured reservoir, but its nonlinear flow law remains unclear. The effects of the mineral composition of shale and microstructure of fracturing fluid on PTPG were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and liquid nitrogen quick-freezing method. The results demonstrate that a proppant with a large particle size is more likely to form an effective flow channel and reduce liquid flow resistance, thus decreasing PTPG and increasing conductivity. The polymer fracturing fluid with rectangular microstructures significantly increased the PTPG supporting the fractured core. Experimental results show that the PTPG of the resin-coated sand-supported core in the fracturing fluid with a concentration of 1.2% is 245 times higher than that in the fracturing fluid with a concentration of 0.1% when the confining pressure is 5 MPa. Wetting hysteresis and the Jamin effect are responsible for the rise of PTPG in two-phase flow. The equivalent fracture width shows a good power function relationship with the PTPG. Thus, this study further explains the nonlinear flow behavior of reservoirs with fully propped fractures.

Clinicians navigating moral accountability when discussing parental behaviors in the care of the child in the hospital

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to explore how moral accountability is navigated when clinicians talk about parental behaviors to support the health of the hospitalized child. MethodsWe conducted a secondary data analysis of 74 conversations during daily rounds video recorded as part of a randomized controlled trial of an intervention to advance family-centered rounds in one children’s hospital. Conversations involving children under the age 18 who were cared for by a pediatric hospitalist service, pulmonary service, or hematology/oncology service were recorded. We used conversation analysis to analyze sequences in which physicians engaged in talk that had implications for parent behavior. ResultsTwo phenomena were apparent in how physicians and parents navigated moral accountability. First, physicians avoided or delayed parental agency in their references to parent behaviors. Second, parents demonstrated and clinicians reassured parental competence of parents caring for their children. ConclusionPhysicians appeared to be oriented toward the potential moral implications of asking about parental behavior. Practice ImplicationsAvoiding attributions of agency and moral accountability as well as providing reassurance for the parents’ competence may be useful for clinicians to maintain a good relationship with the parents of children in their care in the hospital setting.

Peranan Relationship Marketing pada Keputusan Nasabah dalam Menggunakan Tabungan IB Haji di PT Bank KB Bukopin Syariah Cabang Bukittinggi

This research is motivated by fluctuations in the percentage increase in the number of savings customers. IB Hajj at PT Bank Kb Bukopin Syariah Bukittinggi Branch, because relationship marketing is an approach taken by Relationship Officers to prospective customers. Current research aims to find out what or how the Role of Relationship Marketing on Customer Decisions in Using IB Hajj Savings at PT Bank Kb Bukopin Syariah Bukittinggi Branch. The research conducted by the author is using a method with a qualitative approach, where the data sources taken by the author are primary data and secondary data. As for the data collection techniques, namely observation techniques, interviews and field documentation techniques. And the data analysis technique carried out by the author is obtained through data analysis, namely reduction, display, conclusions and data verification. Through the results of research and analysis that has been done by the author, it can be concluded that relationship marketing is very instrumental in making customer decisions in using IB Hajj savings at PT Bank KB Bukopin Syariah Bukittinggi Branch. This can be seen from the increasing number of customers, increasing the trust of prospective customers in making decisions to use IB Hajj savings, establishing a good relationship between prospective customers and the bank and can also establish a good relationship between prospective customers and PT Bank KB Bukopin.

A multicolor aptasensor based on target-induced anti-etching gold nanorod for visible detection of aflatoxin B1

Foods contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) pose a serious threat to humans, so rapid and sensitive detection of AFB1 plays an important role in public health. In this work, we developed a multicolor aptasensor based on target-mediated anti-etching of gold nanorods (AuNRs) for on-site visible detection of AFB1. The target was used as a competitor that competed with a cDNA probe labeled by horse radish peroxidase (cDNA-HRP) to bind with the aptamer coated in a microplate. The sensing mechanism was based on regulating the etching process of AuNRs upon the addition of different concentrations of AFB1. In the absence of AFB1, the AuNRs solution undergoes a distinct change from red to pink due to the etching effect of TMB2+ generated by a specific redox reaction catalyzed by the cDNA-HRP. However, in the presence of AFB1, the specific binding between AFB1 and aptamer made cDNA-HRP free out of the microplate, inhibiting the etching of AuNRs. Consequently, a redshift of longitudinal localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and color alterations can be observed along with increasing the concentration of AFB1. The LSPR for visual estimation limits were 0.46 ng/mL. A good linear relationship between the wavelength shift and the concentration of AFB1 was achieved from violet to light green in the range of 1–1000 ng/mL. The established aptasensor displayed excellent detection performance, which was suitable for on-site analysis of AFB1 in actual food samples, and provided a new idea of immediate visualization detection for food hazardous factors.

Lanthanide coordination polymers@CuO nanoparticles: Enhanced self-cascade nanoenzyme activity and ratiometric fluorescence assay of glutathione

Tandem enzyme can catalyze some cascade reactions with high efficiency, and some few tandem enzyme-like mimics have been discovered recently. Further improving the catalytic efficiency of tandem nanoenzymes with facile method may undoubtedly promote and broaden their applications in various fields. In this work, cupric oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) with dual-functional enzyme mimics were synthesized using the rapid deposition method in advance, which simultaneously combined with lanthanide infinite coordination polymers (Ln ICPs) during the self-assemble of Tb3+, guanine-5′-triphosphate (GTP) and auxiliary ligand terephthalic acid (TA). Excitingly, the obtained Tb-GTP/TA@CuO ICPs, not only displayed obviously enhanced tandem catalytic activity compared with pure CuO NPs, but also provided a versatile ratiometric platform for ultrahigh selective and sensitive detection of glutathione (GSH) under single-wavelength excitation. A good linear relationship between the ratio signal and the GSH concentration was spanning from 0.001 to 20 μM with an impressive detection limit of 0.50 nM. This study opens a new and universal avenue for preparing integrated multifunctional probes by coupling of nanoenzyme catalytic activity with superior luminescent Ln ICPs through facile method.

Coumarin-based fluorescent probes for colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescent detection of sulfite: Structure-activity relationship

Six coumarin-based fluorescent probes were designed and synthesized for the detection of sulfite. The probes were constructed based on “fluorophore-receptor/linker-steric group” mode with N,N-diethyl-7-aminocoumarin (DEA) or 2,3,5,6-1H,4H-tetrahydro-quinolazino-(9,9a,1-gh)coumarin (THQ) as the fluorophore, 2-naphthyl ketone (N) or phenyl ketone (B) as the steric group and vinyl (1) or 1,3-butadienyl (2) as the receptor/linker. The effects of the fluorophore, the linker and the steric group on the photophysical properties and sensing performance were systematically studied. Among all the probes, DEA-N2 exhibited the most excellent spectral responses toward sulfite: upon addition of sulfite, the absorption and emission maxima shifted from 488 nm to 405 nm and–from 684 nm to 484 nm, respectively. I484/I688 displayed good linear relationship with sulfite concentration in the range of 3–50 μM, with a detection limit of 0.31 μM. The experimental results demonstrate that DEA-N2 has potential in ratiometric fluorescent imaging of mitochondrial sulfite in living cells.