Good Level Of Knowledge Research Articles

Antibiotics Knowledge and Prescription Patterns Among Dental Practitioners in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Serbia: A Comparative E-Survey with a Focus on Medically Healthy and Compromised Patients

Background: The non-specific prescription of antibiotics, especially in dentistry, contributes to the global problem of antimicrobial resistance and highlights the need for education on the proper use and serious consequences of overprescribing these drugs. The main objective of this study is to assess and evaluate antibiotic knowledge and prescribing patterns in dental practice in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Serbia, focusing on understanding the rationale for prescribing, adherence to evidence-based guidelines, and dentists’ awareness of antibiotic resistance. Methods: A total of 795 dentists participated in this electronic cross-sectional survey (Croatia N = 336, Bosnia and Herzegovina N = 176, and Serbia N = 283). The study utilized a self-structured questionnaire to collect data on various aspects of antibiotic use, including knowledge, prescribing practices, awareness of guidelines, and demographic and professional information about dentists. Data analysis included the Mann–Whitney test, the Kruskal–Wallis test with post hoc analysis, and chi-square tests, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The overall score for the participants’ knowledge of antibiotics was 6.40 ± 1.40 out of a maximum of eight points, which indicates a generally good level of knowledge among dentists. Factors such as gender, specialty, and practice location significantly influenced the level of knowledge (p < 0.05). However, actual prescribing practice was a cause for concern. Only 66.1% of Croatian dentists felt they had received adequate training during their studies, and even fewer in Serbia (48.4%) and Bosnia (46.6%). It is noteworthy that 9.7% of dentists in Bosnia and Herzegovina prescribe antibiotics at the request of patients, while 22.3% of Croatian and 25.4% of Serbian dentists do so. Many dentists prescribe no or only one antibiotic per week. In addition, 50.9% of Croatian dentists reported adverse effects related to the use of antibiotics, while only 31.3% of Bosnian and 33.6% of Serbian dentists reported similar experiences. Conclusions: While the study results indicate that dentists in the region generally possess good knowledge of antibiotic use, there are significant discrepancies between this knowledge and actual prescribing practices. This highlights the need for enhanced educational programs and awareness initiatives focused on proper antibiotic guidelines to improve prescribing behaviors.

Awareness of Peptic Ulcer Disease among the General Population in Al-Ahsa.

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a condition characterized by discontinuity in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract's inner lining, often caused by factors such as Helicobacter pylori infection and NSAID consumption. PUD can lead to various symptoms, but up to 70% of patients may not experience any symptoms. Diagnosing PUD can be challenging due to the unreliability of individual symptoms and signs. PUD can have serious complications if left untreated. Despite its significance, there is a lack of studies measuring the awareness of PUD among the population in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the level of awareness of PUD among the general population in Al-Ahsa. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, from September to December 2023. The study included 399 adult residents of Saudi Arabia who agreed to participate. A convenient nonprobability sampling technique was used to collect data. An online self-administered questionnaire, distributed through social media platforms, was used to gather information on participants' awareness of PUD. The questionnaire included sociodemographic characteristics and questions related to PUD awareness. Data were analyzed using SPSS, and qualitative data were presented as numbers and percentages. The Chi-square test was used to examine qualitative data between the two groups. Of the 399 participants, 71.4% demonstrated a good level of knowledge regarding PUD, whereas 28.6% had a low level of knowledge. The sample consisted of nearly equal numbers of males and females, with participants aged 18-55+ years. The majority of participants had attained a bachelor's degree and were employed. The findings suggest a relatively high level of education among the study population. The study highlights the need for increased public awareness of PUD in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. While some participants showed good knowledge of PUD, a significant number had low awareness. Educational initiatives are essential to improve understanding and knowledge of PUD among the community. By enhancing awareness, early detection and appropriate management of PUD can be promoted, resulting in improved health outcomes for individuals in Al-Ahsa.

Level of knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding in postpartum women attending the pediatric service of a public health center in the city of Fray Luis Beltrán

The present study assesses the level of knowledge about exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in 40 postpartum mothers. EML, recommended by international organizations for up to six months, provides benefits for the child, such as protection against disease and cognitive development, and for the mother, by reducing the risk of certain cancers and postpartum depression. However, only 42.5% of the participants knew that EML should be maintained until six months, and knowledge about benefits for the mother and breastfeeding techniques was low. The survey showed that 43% had a fair level, 38% a poor level and 20% a good level of knowledge. These results indicate the need to strengthen EML education, especially in sectors with less access to information and medical resources.

The effect of therapeutic education program on hypertensive Tunisian patients' knowledge: a randomized controlled trial.

Hypertension is a prevalent non-communicable disease and unequivocally one of the most serious health threats of the twenty-first century. The prevention of both immediate and long-term consequences depends on ongoing therapeutic education. To assess Tunisian hypertensive patients' knowledge of hypertension and then evaluate the impact of an educational program on knowledge among this population. A randomized controlled trial was carried out among 639 hypertensive patients in Tunisia. The control group received only basic medical care, while the experimental group acquired additionally an educational program. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that included an information sheet and the Hypertension Knowledge Level Scale (HK-LS). Before to the implementation of the program, only 12.1% of the participants had a good level of knowledge about hypertension (12.8% for the experimental group, vs. 10.5% for the control group, P=0.57). Following the program's deployment, the rate of good level of knowledge became 63.6% for the experimental group vs. 11.4% for the control group, P<0.001). The results revealed that the experimental group showed a significant amelioration in the total score of the HK-LS: from 58.49 to 76.94%, P<0.0001. In contrast, no significant amelioration was noted in the control group. Concerning the six dimensions of the scale, the amelioration in the experimental group was observed in all dimensions, except the treatment dimension. Overall, the findings indicated low levels of knowledge about hypertension. This kind of approach proved an effective improvement in disease-related knowledge and may be essential for hypertension management.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of asthma among the adults in Shendi locality, Sudan: A cross-sectional study.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition leading to intermittent airway narrowing and obstruction. Although millions suffer from asthma globally, there is limited data from African countries, particularly Sudan. This study addresses the gap in research on asthma knowledge, attitudes, and practices among the adults in Shendi locality, Northern Sudan. This cross-sectional, community-based study was conducted in Kabushiya village, Shendi, Sudan, involving 148 participants selected through multistage random sampling. Data were collected via face-to-face interviews using a validated, structured questionnaire. Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-square, Fisher exact tests, and multiple linear regression. Participants demonstrated high levels of knowledge, positive attitudes, and good practices regarding asthma. Knowledge scores were significantly associated with marital status, education, occupation, and income (P values: .040, .003, .000, and .006, respectively), with the highest medians among divorced individuals, those with higher education, professional workers, and people earning <50,000 SDGs (medians: 17, 16, 17, and 16, respectively). Attitude scores varied significantly by marital status, education, occupation, and family asthma history (P values: .001, .000, .003, and .016, respectively), with highest scores among divorced individuals, those with high school or higher education, professionals, and those with a first-degree relative with asthma (medians: 6, 5, 5, and 5, respectively). Patient practice scores differed by marital status and income (P values: .026 and .006, respectively), with higher scores among singles and those earning <50,000 SDGs. Co-patient practice scores were significantly influenced by occupation, personal or familial asthma experience, and family asthma status (P values: .026, .003, and .000, respectively). No significant differences were observed in co-patient practice scores between groups. The study highlights a generally good level of asthma knowledge and positive attitudes among participants, with some variability in practices based on socio-demographic factors. These findings emphasize the need for targeted education and intervention programs to improve asthma management in rural Sudan.

Cardiac emergency readiness: A community-level assessment of CPR knowledge in Al-Baha

ABSTRACT Context: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a crucial lifesaving technique in cases of cardiac arrest and should be performed by any member of the community. Aims: To investigate the level of knowledge regarding CPR among the general population in the Al-Baha region, Saudi Arabia. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Al-Baha from July 1, 2023 to August 1, 2023. Methods and Material: Inclusion criteria were individuals aged 18 and above living in Al-Baha who consented to participate. Exclusion criteria included individuals under 18 years old, healthcare professionals, residents outside Al-Baha, individuals who refused to participate, and incomplete questionnaires. Data was collected using an anonymous self-administered validated electronic questionnaire in Arabic distributed through social media. Statistical Analysis Used: The Mann–Whitney U test, the Kruskal–Wallis test, the Shapiro–Wilk test, and the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Any result below 0.05 (P &lt; 0.05) was considered significant. Results: A total of 852 were included, with 65.0% of respondents female, the largest age group was 18–30 years old (43.9%). A total of 77.5% had sufficient CPR knowledge, with an average score of 11.2 out of 18. While many knew key CPR practices, gaps in knowledge existed, such as when to start CPR (15.8%). Challenges included determining unresponsiveness (26.8%) and fear of causing harm (73.6%). Social media apps were the primary source of CPR knowledge (53.8%), but 70.0% were unaware of available CPR courses, despite 75.0% expressing interest in enrolling. Conclusions: Population of Al-Baha showed a good level of knowledge, however, gaps remained need to be targeted during education efforts. The preference for social media and interest in CPR courses highlight opportunities for enhancing public preparedness.

Gambaran Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja Putri Terhadap Kepatuhan Konsumsi Tablet Besi

Adherence to iron (Fe) tablet consumption is 1 tablet every week throughout the year. Adherence to iron tablet consumption is still very low due to low knowledge and attitudes about iron tablet consumption. This study aims to determine the description of knowledge and attitudes of adolescent girls towards compliance with iron tablet consumption at SMA Negeri 1 Bengkunat Pesisir Barat in 2023. The design used was descriptive with 39 respondents. Total sampling technique. The results showed a good level of knowledge of 14 respondents (36%), sufficient knowledge of 20 respondents (51.2%) and less knowledge of 5 respondents (12.8%). Attitude results, 16 respondents (41%) had a positive attitude and 23 respondents (59%) had a negative attitude. The results of compliance showed 9 respondents (23%) were compliant and 30 respondents (77%) were not compliant. The conclusion is that the majority of respondents' knowledge level is lacking, and they have a negative attitude and are not compliant with iron tablet consumption. Suggestions for further research are able to apply the provision of Health Education to compliance with iron tablet consumption as a prevention of iron deficiency anemia.

PENGETAHUAN DAN PERILAKU TENTANG PEMELIHARAAN KESEHATAN GIGI MULUT

Dental problems are a problem that is very prone to be obtained for children especially during their growth period. Oral health maintenance must be carried out early on at elementary school age considering that oral and dental diseases are ranked in the top ten most common diseases and are spread in various regions. Based on the phenomenon obtained at MI Ma'arif NU Karang Turi, there are 3 students who often experience oral health problems such as mouth ulcers, cavities and bleeding gums. Meanwhile, the other 2 students did not experience oral health problems which could result in disrupted activities and learning at school. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge and behavior about oral health maintenance in fifth grade students of MI Ma'arif NU Karang Turi. The instrument in this study was a knowledge and behavior level questionnaire. This research method uses quantitative research design. The sample in this study were 35 students. The sampling technique in this study used total sampling. The results of the description of the level of knowledge and behavior show that as many as 18 respondents with a percentage (51.4%) have a good level of knowledge. While as many as 19 with a percentage of respondents (54.3%) had poor behavior. Recommendations that can be given in this study are to make a consistent schedule or routine, for example after finishing dinner, then brush your teeth before bed.

Knowledge and practice of healthcare providers and associated factors of essential newborn care in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Preventing neonatal mortality and morbidity in developing countries such as Ethiopia requires improved practices and knowledge among healthcare providers. Several studies have been conducted in Ethiopia, but the overall level has not been estimated based on essential newborn care practices, knowledge of health care providers, and associated factors. Therefore, the objective of this review is to assess the overall practice and knowledge of essential newborn care and associated factors among healthcare providers in Ethiopia. Only articles published in English were included in this review. Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and CINAHL, Scopus, Ethiopian University Repository Online, and the Cochrane Library are the main databases. The review included cross-sectional studies written in English that met the inclusion requirements. Using a random-effects model, the overall practice and knowledge level was estimated. Additionally, funnel plots and Eggers' test were used to assess publication bias. STATA version 14 was used to perform all statistical analysis. This review included 15 studies involving 3,210 health care providers in Ethiopia. In Ethiopia, overall health care providers had a good practice and knowledge level of essential newborn care of 57.38% [95% CI (49.56; 65.20); I 2 = 95.3%, P < 0.001] and 54.06% [95% CI (45.07; 63.05); I 2 = 95.5%, P < 0.001], respectively. Knowledge, training status, and material availability of healthcare professional were significantly associated with their practice of essential newborn care, while educational qualification and training status were significantly associated with the knowledge of healthcare providers of essential newborn care. Overall, 57% and 54% of healthcare providers had good ENC practices and knowledge. So, the Ethiopian government and other stakeholders should take immediate measures to improve essential neonatal care practice and knowledge among healthcare providers, and improve identified factors.

FACTORS INFLUENCING HEALTH CARE PROVIDER IN CODUNCTING PREECLAMPSIA SCREENING

Background: Preeclampsia is responsible for maternal health globally due to its high morbidity and maternal mortality rates, especially in low-income countries such as Indonesia. Primary care providers, including general practitioners, midwives, and nurses, have a crucial role to play in the early assessment of preeclampsia screening. It was noted that factors affecting mortality were the lack of preparedness of officers in managing and responding to pregnancy emergencies, delayed recognition of worsening clinical signs of preeclampsia, as well as inadequate assessment and treatment for preeclampsia. This study aims to analyze the driving factors that influence health care provider in conducting preeclampsia screening in Gresik District. Methods: This research was an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study consisted of all doctors and midwives at the primary health facilities in the Gresik Regency area. The sample was taken from 159 respondents who were service providers in 20 primary health facilities in Gresik using simple random sampling. The variables in this study were the knowledge and attitudes of healthcare workers toward implementing preeclampsia screening. Data collection in this study used an online questionnaire conducted after issuing the Ethical Approval Letter until October 2023, which was then analyzed using a chi-square test with a significance level of 0.05. Results: Only 27% of respondents demonstrated a good level of knowledge about preeclampsia, which affected the effectiveness of preeclampsia screening (p-value 0.04). A total of 86.2% of respondents showed a high level of attitude toward preeclampsia screening. However, this study found no significant relationship between healthcare workers' attitudes and preeclampsia screening (p-value 0.171). Conclusion: There is a significant link between the knowledge of the healthcare provider and the optimization of preeclampsia screening so new methods of training are needed that are assessed as effective and accompanied by rigorous monitoring and evaluation to enhance healthcare provider knowledge, especially concerning preeclampsia screening.

Medication Adherence, Blood Pressure Control, Knowledge, Self-care and Self-efficacy among Tunisian Hypertensive Patients

Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the associated factors with adherence to antihypertensive therapy and to explore the association between medication adherence, blood pressure control, knowledge about hypertension (HTN), self-care, and self-efficacy in hypertensive patients. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 750 hypertensive patients in Tunisia. The data collection tool was a 5-section questionnaire including an information sheet, the Girerd medication adherence scale, the HTN Knowledge Level Scale (HK-LS), the Self-care of HTN Inventory (SC-HI), and the Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease 6-Item Scale (SEM6S). Results A low and moderate level of medication adherence has been observed in 83.2% of the participants. Uncontrolled blood pressure was detected in 73.1% of cases. Only 11.5% have a good level of knowledge about HTN. Concerning Self-care practices, 48.8% of patients have inadequate practices of maintenance, 48.8% have inadequate practices of monitoring, and 83.9% have inadequate practices of management. The self-efficacy for managing HTN was weak in 42.1% of the participants. In multivariate analysis, low medication adherence was associated with the number of antihypertensive pills/day (ORa=2.668; CI95%= (1.447- 4.918) if ≥ 4 pills/day), side effects (ORa=1.834; CI95%= (1.263- 2.665); p=0.001), uncontrolled hypertension (ORa=2.74; CI95%= (1.798- 4.18); p&lt;0.0001), insufficient self-efficacy for managing HTN (ORa=1.773; CI95%=(1.252- 2.512); p&lt;0.0001), and insufficient self-care maintenance (ORa=2.220; CI95%=(1.562- 3.1570); p&lt;0.0001). Conclusion Low medication adherence was associated with uncontrolled blood pressure, more anti-hypertensive pills, side effects, lower self-efficacy, and lower self-care maintenance. Nursing interventions improving the management skills of hypertensive patients may be beneficial in controlling the disease and its subsequent consequences.

Public Health Nurses' Competence Related to Long-Term Breastfeeding in the Context of Maternity and Child Health Clinics.

To explore public health nurses' competence (namely knowledge, skills, and attitudes) in relation to long-term breastfeeding and their experience of the need for additional training on the subject. The study design was quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional. Public health nurses (n = 270). Data were collected with the Long-Term Breastfeeding Competence Scale (LBCS) online survey. Data analysis was done with Spearman's correlation analysis and binary logistic regression analysis. Slightly more than half of the respondents had a good level of knowledge and skills. The majority had a baseline positive attitude toward long-term breastfeeding, but the attitude became more negative as the age of the breastfed child increased. Better competence was associated with younger age, parenthood, an additional degree in midwifery, and breastfeeding specialist certification. Knowledge and skills, and attitudes revealed a high correlation: the higher the knowledge and skills level, the more positive attitudes. Respondents with better knowledge and skills experienced more often the need for additional training on the subject. This study addresses that public health nurses lack competence in relation to long-term breastfeeding. This may compromise the quality of breastfeeding guidance for families in healthcare settings.

KNOWLEDGE, PRACTICES, AND CONSTRAINTS AMONG BREASTFEEDING EMPLOYEES TOWARDS IMPLEMENTATION OF LACTATION AREA

Breastfeeding empowers women and children and working mothers who revolutionize the workplace globally, specifically in carrying mutual roles as employees delivering quality service to humanity and mothers nurturing their children. This study explored the knowledge, practices, and constraints among breastfeeding working mothers in Region III, Philippines, towards implementing lactation areas. A mixed-methods approach combined a quantitative survey with a qualitative semi-structured interview component. Findings showed a high prevalence of breastfeeding among working mothers, coupled with a good level of knowledge about breastfeeding practices. However, constraints such as lack of lactation areas in offices, heavy workload, and limited support were revealed, thus foregrounding the need for institutionalized policies and guidelines to establish lactation areas in offices, promote breastfeeding, and support working mothers and their welfare, anchored on sustainable development goals (SDGs). By addressing these issues, workplaces position a more conducive environment for breastfeeding mothers, contributing to improved maternal and infant health outcomes. Further, this research provides valuable insights for policymakers, employers, and healthcare providers in initiating more effective strategies to support breastfeeding working women. Through the documented findings and by providing concrete recommendations for policy and infrastructure, this research advances the shaping of a more breastfeeding-friendly environment, promotion of maternal and infant health, supporting SDG 3-good health and well-being, and enhancement of workplace productivity towards achieving SDG 8-decent work and economic growth and SDG 5-gender equality.

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching on the Knowledge and Practice Regarding ECG among Student in Selected Nursing School of Greater Noida

An electrocardiogram (ECG) is simply one of many tools that medical professionals can use to evaluate heart function. The ECG is a highly technical and specialized diagnostic approach that is widely employed in modern healthcare; nonetheless, it does not provide a comprehensive evaluation of the heart. The present study aims to assess the effectiveness of video-assisted teaching on the knowledge and practice regarding EG among students in the selected nursing school of Greater Noida. objective: To find out the association between knowledge and practice (pre-test and post-test) among nursing students. To determine the impact of a video-assisted teaching programme on ECG among student nurses Quantitative research approach was adopted and a quasi- experimental between demographical data and a knowledgeable questionnaire on ECG. Methods: The target of this study is to provide knowledge on ECG. The sample size is 100 (hundred), and data analysis was done on the basis objective and hypothesis of the study. Results: The obtain was analysed based on objective and hypothesis using frequency and percentage of the data is p&lt;0.05 level of significance the majority 34.5% of the participants poor level of knowledge, 34.5% had an average level of knowledge, 30% had a good level of knowledge

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of nurses related to nosocomial infections: A narrative literature review

Nosocomial infections (NIs) represent a significant public health concern demanding global attention. Evidence on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of nurses toward NIs prevention and control is limited and varies by country. This narrative review aims to summarize studies on nurses' KAP toward NIs prevention and control, conducted in various countries worldwide. A search was conducted on PubMed using the terms nosocomial infections AND nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, practices; nosocomial infections AND nurses' KAP; hospital-acquired infections AND nurses' knowledge, attitudes practices; HAIs AND nurses' KAP). All types of studies conducted on the topic in English from 1895 to 2023 were included in the review however, qualitative studies were excluded. Fifteen studies conducted in 10 different countries met the criteria and were included in this review. The results suggest that in most studies, nurses demonstrated a good level of knowledge (n=15, 45.5%-90.0%) and positive attitudes (n=10, 51.0%-84.4%) toward the prevention and control of NIs. Regarding practices, most studies (n=11, 60.0%-80.0%) showed a good level of practice, though recommendations for improving nurses’ performance were noted. This literature review suggests that while nurses' knowledge of NI prevention and control is generally good, it varies widely. Despite good knowledge, the results indicate that nurses' performance in controlling hospital-acquired infections is low, and strategies for improvement are recommended. This study investigated nurses' KAP concerning the prevention and control of HAIs, revealing a noteworthy finding: while nurses generally exhibit good knowledge, there is significant variability. Despite having good knowledge, the review underscores a discrepancy between nurses' knowledge and their actual performance in controlling HAIs-a critical concern given their extensive patient interaction.

Understanding Burn Management For Nursing Students

Background: Managing burn injuries, particularly in mass-burn scenarios, requires immediate first aid and early care, which are critical for improving outcomes. The quality of burn treatment is highly dependent on the knowledge and practical skills of nursing students, particularly those assigned to burn units. Knowledge Gap: Despite the critical nature of burn care, limited research has been conducted on the level of knowledge nursing students possess in this area, especially in regions like Basra, Iraq. Aims: This study aimed to assess the knowledge of burn management among nursing students at Basrah University, identifying gaps and correlations with sociodemographic factors. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 nursing students at Basrah College of Nursing. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire divided into two sections: (1) sociodemographic information, and (2) burn management knowledge, assessed through a standardized 3-point Likert scale. Results: The majority of respondents (78% female, 22% male) were aged 19-28 years. The results revealed that students demonstrated a good level of knowledge regarding burn management. Furthermore, there was a highly significant correlation between the academic stage of the students and their test scores, suggesting that academic progression improves burn management understanding. Novelty: This study provides one of the first comprehensive assessments of burn care knowledge among nursing students in southern Iraq, highlighting the critical role of academic progression in enhancing practical burn care skills. Implications: The study suggests that incorporating practical burn care training into nursing education can significantly improve clinical outcomes in mass-burn scenarios. Highlights: Knowledge of burn care improves with academic progression among nursing students. Majority of participants were female, aged 19-28 years. Enhanced burn care training is essential in nursing education curricula. Keywords: Burn management, Nursing students, Knowledge assessment, Basrah University, Cross-sectional study

The Relationship Between Level of Knowledge and Healthy Behaviors with the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Teachers at SDN 106 Aek Galoga

Coronary artery disease (CHD) is a condition caused by problems with the coronary arteries which cause narrowing and blockage, which can disrupt the body's energy transfer process and cause an imbalance between oxygen demand and oxygen supply. This research aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and Healthy Behaviors on Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors. This research method uses correlative analysis and a cross sectional approach. This research describes the relationship between a person's knowledge and lifestyle and the risk of coronary heart disease. The sample in this study consisted of 20 adults who were teachers at SDN 106 Aek Galoga. The selected subjects were interviewed using a research questionnaire. After conducting research, it can be concluded that 4 people (20.0%) had a good level of knowledge, 13 (65.0%) had a good level of knowledge, and 3 people (15.0%) had a poor level of knowledge. The results of the chi-square test show that there is a significant relationship between the level of knowledge of the risk factors for Coronary Heart Disease with a p value of: 0.001. Based on the data we obtained from 20 respondents from SDN 106 Aek Galoga, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between knowledge and Healthy Behaviors and risk factors for Coronary Heart Disease.

Knowledge Attitude and Practice of Contraceptive Use Among Final Year Medical Undergraduates In The University Of Calabar, Cross River State

Background Globally, the rate of risky sexual behaviors among young undergraduates remains a publi hhealth concern. A wide body of evidence underscores the negative consequences of poor sexual and reproductive health. Despite the proven benefits of contraception, the knowledge, attitude and use of contraceptives among healthcare workers who ought to be advocates have been inadequate. We set out to determine these variables among soon-to-be medical doctors in a Nigerian tertiary institution. Methods/Subjects We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study among 83 final-year medical undergraduates of the University of Calabar, Cross River State using an intervieweradministered questionnaire. Study participants were selected by simple random sampling by balloting and data was analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results were presented using descriptive statistics. Results Mean age of participants was 25.4±2.0. The results showed a predominance of good knowledge about contraception among the participants (73, 88%) irrespective of age, gender, marital status and religion. However, most of the participants (53, 63.9%) had poor attitude towards contraception. Concerning practice of contraception, there was a high prevalence (62.7%) of contraceptive use among our respondents as condoms were the predominant contraceptive method used with pharmacy stores being the common source of obtaining these contraceptives. Conclusion This research investigated the knowledge, attitude, and practice of final-year medical students on contraception. An important finding emerging from this study is that the majority of the participants had a poor attitude toward contraception despite having a good level of knowledge of contraception.

The Utilization of Stakeholder Management Frameworks for the Successful Completion of Construction Projects in Zambia

This study aimed to examine the utilization of stakeholder management frameworks in the Zambian construction industry using the Kariba Dam Rehabilitation Project (KDRP) in Siavonga as a case study. The study was pinned on the stakeholder theory using a mixed methods design that involved integrating quantitative data and desk/secondary research. The target population comprised industry practitioners and project team members working on the KDRP project. Using judgmental (or purposive) sampling, 91 respondents took part in an online survey and over 30 articles were examined in the systemic review. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS V23 by running descriptive frequency statistics and the studies were grouped using Atlas.ti software. The study demonstrated a good level of knowledge and positive attitude by construction workers on the KDRP of stakeholder management. The biggest factors that influenced the implementation and application of stakeholder management frameworks were a lack of project or organizations management interest to implement stakeholder management frameworks and lack of skill by contractors and project managers to apply stakeholder management frameworks among others. The study concluded that there is no stakeholder management framework in use in the Zambian construction industry. Therefore it is recommended that the concerned engineering bodies advocate for the development of national or industry-specific policies, regulations, or guidelines that promote stakeholder engagement in construction projects.

Knowledge of diabetes mellitus complication prevention among patients in the central region of Ghana

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a serious worldwide health issue that has put pressure on the global economy. The study examined the knowledge of complication prevention among patients living with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in Ghana. The research was a quantitative study which involved the use of descriptive cross-sectional survey design. In all, 301 DM patients were included in the study. Data were processed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. The study recorded 66.12% (n = 199) good knowledge level. Therefore, educational intervention programme should be organized by the health professionals at Twifo-Atti Morkwa hospital so every DM patient would have optimum knowledge about the disease that would ensure prevention of the DM complications.