Good Eyesight Research Articles

Applying an Analytical Hierarchy Process for Decision Making Business Strategy in CV. Optik President

Vision is one of the vital organs of the human body which has a very fundamental role for life. With good eyesight, this can help people improve their quality of life. The eyeglass market is anticipated to develop over the next several years as a result of a variety of factors, including expanding populations, a demographic shift toward older age groups, and changing lifestyles characterized by a higher reliance on digital gadgets. Of course, the COVID-19 pandemic is also one of the factors that increases eye disease because most people use gadgets in their lives, causing symptoms of digital eye strain. In this way, this is a supporting factor in the development of the optical market. The market is expanding the fastest in the Asia Pacific region, with a growth rate of 13.5%. Offline optical retail stores provide significant promise and value. These physical businesses provide customers with an immersive and tangible shopping experience that is unmatched by internet shopping. To guarantee that customers receive accurate prescriptions and distinctive eyewear options, optometrists and store staff offer customized services like frame fittings, professional eye exams, and expert lens consultations. In actual storefronts, customers may physically try on frames to assess fit, comfort, and style. Trained staff members are available to provide timely assistance. Furthermore, a wide range of eyewear options, including designer brands and niche goods, are usually available in these stores, giving customers the opportunity to peruse and select from a diverse inventory. Furthermore, optical retail stores foster confidence and trust, particularly among those who appreciate in-person interactions or have certain vision needs that necessitate expert guidance. By looking at this market development, the company wants to expand, targeting West Karawang, East Karawang and Cikarang as targets for opening their branches. using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method will be able to improve the quality of decision making that will be produced by the company starting from developing criteria and sub-criteria which can ultimately determine the best alternative. The results of this research provide recommendations for new criteria and sub-criteria for the company and also determine which location of the three alternatives the company will provide.

Efficacy of Prophylactic Anti-VEGF in Preventing Radiation Retinopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

In patients predisposed to radiation retinopathy (RR), administration of therapy after apparent clinical signs and symptoms are considered too late, resulting in substantial vision loss and blindness. Early initiation of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) might serve as a strategy to slow disease progression and prolong good eyesight. To evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic anti-VEGF in preventing RR and preserving vision in patients at high risk of radiation-induced vision loss. A systematic literature search was performed from inception to 4 June 2023 using Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed (MEDLINE), and Scopus. Eligible studies were clinical trials and observational studies investigating the incidence of radiation maculopathy (RM), radiation optic neuropathy (RON), moderate vision loss (loss of more than or equal to 3 lines of baseline visual acuity [VA]) and final VA, whether good (20/40 or better) or poor (20/200 or worse), following prophylactic anti-VEGF. Three reviewers independently conducted article screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessment. Random effects models were used to determine the cumulative effects of each outcome. Four studies (one clinical trial and three observational studies), involving 2109 patients, were included in our analysis. Across all studies, there were significant reductions in the events of RM (pooled odds ratio [OR] 0.50; 95% CI, 0.34-0.74; p = 0.001), RON (pooled OR 0.62; 95% CI, 0.42-0.90; p = 0.012) and poor final VA (pooled OR 0.50; 95% CI, 0.37-0.68; p = 0.003). The association of moderate vision loss and good final VA with the use of prophylactic anti-VEGF between the groups was unclear owing to the high level of heterogeneity. Prophylactic anti-VEGF therapy might delay RM and RON, preventing high-risk patients from developing poor VA by approximately 50%. However, this evidence should be interpreted with caution because of its low level of certainty. Future robust studies are warranted to confirm this finding.

Cranial anatomy of Shuvosaurus inexpectatus, an edentulous poposauroid pseudosuchian from the Late Triassic of Texas

ABSTRACT Shuvosaurus inexpectatus is an edentulous poposauroid from the late Lacian or earliest Alaunian (Late Triassic) of western Texas, which had been identified primarily from three individuals. A complete repreparation and redescription of the Shuvosaurus cranial elements highlights many of the features that identify it as a poposauroid and a shuvosaurid. Cranial elements unique to Shuvosauridae include an edentulous jaw with a rhamphotheca groove indicating the presence of a beak, a secondary palate formed from the premaxillae and maxillae, and an elongated parabasisphenoid. Shuvosaurus cranial autapomorphies include the articulation of the squamosal and quadratojugal that forms a projection into the posterior edge of the lateral temporal fenestra, the presence of a triangular posterior process of the squamosal, and a basioccipital that is exposed between the exoccipitals, forming the ventral edge of the foramen magnum. In addition to the beak, Shuvosaurus also possessed an extremely large orbit indicating good eyesight, enlarged olfactory bulbs indicating an excellent sense of smell, and enlarged floccular lobes indicating that Shuvosaurus was highly active with good balance and highly developed gaze stabilisation. These cranial adaptations all suggest that Shuvosaurus was not only bipedal but also subsisted on an herbivorous diet.

A Contemporary Review of Clinical Factors Involved in Speech-Perspectives from a Prosthodontist Point of View.

Background and Objectives: Learning to speak properly requires a fully formed brain, good eyesight, and a functioning auditory system. Defective phonation is the outcome of a failure in the development of any of the systems or components involved in speech production. Dentures with strong phonetic skills can be fabricated with the help of a dentist who has a firm grasp of speech production and phonetic characteristics. Every dentist strives to perfect their craft by perfecting the balance between the technical, cosmetic, and acoustic aspects of dentistry, or "phonetics". The ideal prosthesis for a patient is one that not only sounds good but also functions well mechanically and aesthetically. Words are spoken by using articulators that alter their size and form. Conclusions: Therefore, a prosthesis should be made in such a way that it does not interfere with the ability to communicate. As a result, a prosthodontist has to have a solid grasp of how speech is made and the numerous parts that go into it.

Self-rated eyesight among healthy older Australians: Baseline results of the ASPREE Longitudinal Study of Older Persons.

We aimed to describe the self-reported level of eyesight amongst a cohort of relatively healthy older Australian adults, and to investigate associations between poorer self-rated eyesight and demographic, health, and functional characteristics METHODS: The ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) Longitudinal Study of Older Persons (ALSOP) study was embedded in a multisite trial which recruited independently living Australians from general practices (2010-2014). Self-rated eyesight was recorded on a paper-based questionnaire as Excellent, Good, Fair, Poor, Very poor, or Completely blind at the baseline study wave RESULTS: Data from 14 592 participants (aged 70-95 years, 54.61% female) were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Eighty percent of participants reported excellent or good eyesight (n = 11 677). People with complete blindness were precluded from enrolling but 299 participants (2.0%) reported poor or very poor eyesight, and 2616 rated their eyesight as fair (17.9%). Lower levels of eyesight were associated with being older, female, fewer years of formal education, a primary language other than English, smoking, and self-reported macular degeneration, glaucoma, retinopathy, cataracts, and hearing problems (each p ≤ 0.021). People with lower levels of eyesight had a higher number of falls, frailty characteristics, and depressive symptoms, and lower mental and physical health functioning scores (each p < 0.001) CONCLUSIONS: Whilst most of these healthy older Australians reported good or excellent eyesight, a notable minority reported poor or very poor eyesight, and this was associated with a range of poorer health measures. These findings support the need for additional resources to prevent vision loss and associated sequelae.

Quantitative systems pharmacology of the eye: Tools and data for ocular QSP.

Good eyesight belongs to the most-valued attributes of health, and diseases of the eye are a significant healthcare burden. Case numbers are expected to further increase in the next decades due to an aging society. The development of drugs in ophthalmology, however, is difficult due to limited accessibility of the eye, in terms of drug administration and in terms of sampling of tissues for drug pharmacokinetics (PKs) and pharmacodynamics (PDs). Ocular quantitative systems pharmacology models provide the opportunity to describe the distribution of drugs in the eye as well as the resulting drug-response in specific segments of the eye. In particular, ocular physiologically-based PK (PBPK) models are necessary to describe drug concentration levels in different regions of the eye. Further, ocular effect models using molecular data from specific cellular systems are needed to develop dose-response correlations. We here describe the current status of PK/PBPK as well as PD models for the eyes and discuss cellular systems, data repositories, as well as animal models in ophthalmology. The application of the various concepts is highlighted for the development of new treatments for postoperative fibrosis after glaucoma surgery.

Smart Shoes Safety System for the Blind People Based on (IoT) Technology

People’s lives have become easier and simpler as technology has proliferated. This is especially true with the Internet of Things (IoT). The biggest problem for blind people is figuring out how to get where they want to go. People with good eyesight need to help these people. Smart shoes are a technique that helps blind people find their way when they walk. So, a special shoe has been made to help blind people walk safely without worrying about running into other people or solid objects. In this research, we are making a new safety system and a smart shoe for blind people. The system is based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology and uses three ultrasonic sensors to allow users to hear and react to barriers. It has ultrasonic sensors and a microprocessor that can tell how far away something is and if there are any obstacles. Water and flame sensors were used, and a sound was used to let the person know if an obstacle was near him. The sensors use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to detect motion from almost every side to keep an eye on them and ensure they are safe. To test our proposal, we gave a questionnaire to 100 people. The questionnaire has eleven questions, and 99.1% of the people who filled it out said that the product meets their needs.

The temperature of internet: Internet use and depression of the elderly in China.

Depression has become one of the most prevalent mental illnesses affecting the elderly in aging countries, i. e., in countries of the world whose population is slowly aging. It has become an important topic for scientists and policymakers to analyze how best to improve the elderly's mental health and save them from depression. The aim of this paper was to investigate whether and to what extent internet use may affect depression in the elderly. The heterogeneous effects of internet use on the elderly's depression across age, gender, and occupation were also investigated. The data used in the present study were gathered from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study that was conducted in 2018. The propensity score matching technique and the endogenous switch regression model were employed in this study to address potential endogeneity caused by both observed and unobserved factors. The results of the present study show that the elderly who are relatively young, male, well educated, live in an urban area, or have a small family are more likely to use the internet. The elderly who have healthy eyes or good eyesight, those who are not employed in the agricultural sector, or those who are retired, and those who are not eligible to receive any subsistence allowance or drink wine have a higher probability of using the internet. We also find that internet use significantly reduces the elderly's depression status by 3.370 points, which is roughly equivalent to a reduction of 37.19%. Heterogeneity analysis on internet use reveals that the health effect is particularly effective for agricultural workers, female, or the older elderly. The results of the present study highlight the significant welfare effects brought about by the development of internet infrastructure. To improve the mental health of the elderly, the government should encourage them to adopt the internet. In particular, the needs of the elderly who are older, female, or have agricultural work should be paid more attention to motivate them to use the internet more to alleviate depression.

Associations of vision impairment and eye diseases with frailty in community-dwelling older adults: a nationwide longitudinal study in China

AimsTo test whether vision impairment and major ophthalmic conditions are predictive of frailty.MethodsThe analysis included 5321 participants aged 60–95 years at baseline from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study....

Infectious keratitis: an update on the prevalence, risk factors, culture results, clinical features, visual outcomes, and therapeutic strategies of infectious keratitis.

This study aimed to assess the prevalence, risk factors, culture results, clinical features, visual outcomes, and therapeutic strategies of infectious keratitis after surface ablation (PRK). This single-center prospective case-series review comprised 6500 eyes of 3400 patients undergoing PRK operation successively at the Ardabil Noor Surgical Center between January 1, 2003, and February 1, 2020. The incidence, risk factors, and clinical course were recorded for these samples. Three clinical and culture-proven cases of infectious keratitis in three eyes of three patients were diagnosed during the study period. Post-operative keratitis was observed in cases 1 and 2 after 3 days and in case 3 after 112 days. The results of cultures were positive in all three cases. The isolated microorganisms were Staphylococcus species in cases 1 and 2 and Candida Albicans in case 3. The final corrected distance visual acuity was 20/25 and 20/20 in cases 1 and 2, respectively, and hand motion in case 3. All three patients had some risk factors such as well-controlled familial Mediterranean fever, mild Meibomian gland dysfunction, and the healthcare environment of the patient's wife in case 1, contact lens manipulation in case 2, and dry eye in case 3. The prevalence of infectious keratitis after PRK was 0.046%. Infectious keratitis is one of the complications of PRK that can threaten patients' vision. Accordingly, proper preoperative clinical history taking, adequate eye exam and aggressive management can help maintain good eyesight in patients who undergo PRK surgery.

Improving Glaucoma Diagnosis Assembling Deep Networks and Voting Schemes.

Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, the health of which is vital for good eyesight. This damage is often caused by higher-than-normal pressure in the eye. In the past few years, the applications of artificial intelligence and data science have increased rapidly in medicine especially in imaging applications. In particular, deep learning tools have been successfully applied obtaining, in some cases, results superior to those obtained by humans. In this article, we present a soft novel ensemble model based on the K-NN algorithm, that combines the probability of class membership obtained by several deep learning models. In this research, three models of different nature (CNN, CapsNets and Convolutional Autoencoders) have been selected searching for diversity. The latent space of these models are combined using the local information provided by the true sample labels and the K-NN algorithm is applied to determine the final decision. The results obtained on two different datasets of retinal images show that the proposed ensemble model improves the diagnosis capabilities for both the individual models and the state-of-the-art results.

Virtual Tour Design In Egypt Building Darussalam Gontor Putri University

University of Darussalam Gontor already have media brochures, video profil and social media as publicity and advertising tools. But now in the area of technology 4.0, the media are rated not enough, where people need a media where they can interact directly in it. The research is aimed to build a media interaction of the campus interactive based model of three dimensions by using the technology of virtual reality. Virtual Reality is considered able to deliver information in a more effective due to its ability to reach the sense of human beings, good eyesight, hearing, and touch trough interaction in real time. Data retrieved trough the stages of observation of the building as directly as well as through taking sample of photos and videos. An android based mobile application by implementing the first-person shooter (FPS) method to its user and designed to follow the ADDIE development model. In the future, it is hoped that the VR campus tour application can be used in multiplayer to get a fun group campus tour experience.

Third Eye for Blind

People with visual impairments often depend on outside help that can be provided by the following agencies Humans, well-trained dogs, or special electronic devices are used as decision support systems. Principal The problem for blind people is how to navigate where they want to go. Those people need Help from other people with good eyesight. As described by the World Health Organization, 10% of people with visual impairment have There is no functional vision to help them move safely without assistance. This article is Designed to help blind people overcome visual defects through the use of other senses, such as sound and Touch. The system uses the Atmega328 microcontroller, which is a high performance 8-bit AVR RISC microcontroller. To detect the distance, the system uses HCSR04, an ultrasonic range Finder distance sensor module. The sensor module is designed to use sensors to measure distance The SONAR or RADAR principle uses ultrasound to determine the distance of an object. This The system also includes a buzzer that generates an alarm sound and a motor that generates vibration. Sign. The system uses audio and vibration signals to notify users of upcoming obstacles. What The distance between the glove and the obstacle, the frequency of the audio signals and vibration is reduced Increase. Therefore, the system helps to simplify the navigation process for those who need it. The system provides a Low-cost, reliable, portable, energy-efficient and powerful navigation solutions Response time is short.

Simulation of Eye Tracking Control based Electric Wheelchair Construction by Image Segmentation Algorithm

In this fast-paced world, it is very challenging for the elderly and disabled population to move independently to their desire places at any convenient time. Fortunately, some of the people have good eyesight and physically strong to take care of their survival. Nevertheless, Electric wheelchair (EWC) can provide them a better lifestyle with commendable confidence. At the same time, the hand, head and voice recognition-based EWC meet many limitations. Despite, the eye-tracking-based EWC provides a better smartness in their lifestyle. This research article discusses better accuracy achievement and minimizes the delay response time in the proposed system. The proposed eye-tracking EWC is differed from another existing system with good validation parameters of the controller and it introduces edge detection to identify the eye pupil position in the face. The proposed method includes a PID controller to control the DC motor, which in turn controls the rotation of wheel in EWC. This research article is mainly focused on the cost-effectiveness and improvement in the system performance. The display system is mounted in front of the sitting position of EWC users. The camera captures eye pupil position and it determines the direction of the EWC movement by controlling DC motor with the help of a PID controller. When derivative (D) control is used in the proposed system, the system response is quite faster and it reduces the delay time between the user and system reaction. This pupil of eye position is determined by a canny edge detector, which provides good results when compared with other edge detection approaches. Object detection in front of the EWC is an added advantage of the proposed system. The proposed article integrates all the activities and measures the system performance. The proposed model achieves an accuracy of about 90% and response time is least compared with the existing methods.

The Agave Bat and Its Stinky Back Patch

Have you ever wondered how bats choose their mates? It turns out that some male and female bats meet in dark caves, with thousands of bats around them. Despite their good eyesight, it can be challenging to find “Mr. Right” in these conditions! Female bats have resorted to using their noses and, surprisingly, they prefer the stinkiest of males. Male long-nosed bats develop a stinky patch between their shoulder blades that they use to attract females, with the aid of bacteria.

Machine learning classification of normal vs. age-relatedmacular degeneration OCT images

The macula is a small area of the retina which is especially very important for good eyesight. The age- relatedmacular degeneration (AMD) is a type of visual impairment that can cause blindness or even loss of eyesight.AMD was a dangerous and progressing chronic disease that affects people over the age of 60 years. One of themost common symptoms of this condition is the appearance of a type of extracellular material called the drusen.Detecting this condition using an imaging technique known as optical coherence tomography (OCT) can help toprevent further damage to the eyes. The motivation behind this work is to test machine learning (ML) with OCTimages for the identification of retinal disease. OCT retinal images consist of normal retina and AMD. ML algorithmswere used to classify 261 OCT images to determine if the person was normal or macular. The proposed methodfor diagnosing between diseased and healthy conditions has a classification accuracy that considerably exceedsbeyond the current state of the art. This work will be used in developing further ML concepts in the diagnosis ofocular disorders and diseases.

Machine learning classification of normal vs. age-related macular degeneration OCT images

The macula is a small area of the retina which is especially very important for good eyesight. The age- related macular degeneration (AMD) is a type of visual impairment that can cause blindness or even loss of eyesight. AMD was a dangerous and progressing chronic disease that affects people over the age of 60 years. One of the most common symptoms of this condition is the appearance of a type of extracellular material called the drusen. Detecting this condition using an imaging technique known as optical coherence tomography (OCT) can help to prevent further damage to the eyes. The motivation behind this work is to test machine learning (ML) with OCT images for the identification of retinal disease. OCT retinal images consist of normal retina and AMD. ML algorithms were used to classify 261 OCT images to determine if the person was normal or macular. The proposed method for diagnosing between diseased and healthy conditions has a classification accuracy that considerably exceeds beyond the current state of the art. This work will be used in developing further ML concepts in the diagnosis of ocular disorders and diseases.

Self-rated eyesight and handgrip strength in older adults.

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between self-rated eyesight and handgrip strength in alarge, representative population of older adults. Data were from 7433 older adults (≥52years) participating in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Linear regression was used to analyze the association between self-rated eyesight and handgrip strength cross-sectionally in 2004/2005, and longitudinally over 4‑year follow-up, adjusting for arange of sociodemographic and health-related variables. In cross-sectional and prospective models, poor eyesight was strongly associated with lower handgrip strength after adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status and body mass index (BMI, cross-sectional B = -1.39 kg, 95% confidence interval, CI -1.84 to -0.94, p < 0.001, prospective B = -0.68 kg, 95% CI -1.14 to -0.22, p = 0.004). The association was attenuated but remained statistically significant when health behaviours were included in the model (cross-sectional B = -0.93 kg, 95% CI -1.42 to -0.44, p < 0.001, prospective B = -0.50, 95% CI -0.99 to -0.02, p = 0.044). Older adults in England with poor self-rated eyesight have lower levels of physical function compared with those with good eyesight. This association can be predominantly explained by differences in age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, BMI, and health behaviours, as well as chronic conditions, disability and depression.

Auditory-induced visual illusions in rodents measured by spontaneous behavioural response

When two brief sounds are presented with a short flash of light, we often perceive that the flash blinks twice. This phenomenon, called the “sound-induced flash illusion”, has been investigated as an example of how humans finely integrate multisensory information, more specifically, the temporal content of perception. However, it is unclear whether nonhuman animals experience the illusion. Therefore, we investigated whether the Mongolian gerbil, a rodent with relatively good eyesight, experiences this illusion. The novel object recognition (NOR) paradigm was used to evaluate the gerbil’s natural (i.e., untrained) capacity for multimodal integration. A light-emitting diode embedded within an object presented time-varying visual stimuli (different flashing patterns). The animals were first familiarised with repetitive single flashes. Then, various sound stimuli were introduced during test trials. An increase in exploration suggested that the animals perceived a flashing pattern differently only when the contradicting sound (double beeps) was presented simultaneously with a single flash. This result shows that the gerbil may experience the sound-induced flash illusion and indicates for the first time that rodents may have the capacity to integrate temporal content of perception in a sophisticated manner as do humans.

Daylight: What makes the difference?

Light is necessary for vision; it enables us to sense and perceive our surroundings and in many direct and indirect ways, via eye and skin, affects our physiological and psychological health. The use of light in built environments has comfort, behavioural, economic and environmental consequences. Daylight has many particular benefits including excellent visual performance, permitting good eyesight, effective entrainment of the circadian system as well as a number of acute non-image forming effects and the important role of vitamin D production. Some human responses to daylight seem to be well defined whilst others require more research to be adequately understood. This paper presents an overview of current knowledge on how the characteristics of daylight play a role in fulfilling these and other functions often better than electric lighting as conventionally delivered.