Good Decision Maker Research Articles

Crises, business decisions and virtue: A managerial reading of biblical famine narratives

Introduction: Management is a complex issue that necessitates an ethical approach, especially in times of crisis. Indeed, precisely when the decisions to be made are placed in a highly disrupted context, the importance of a managerial class emerges that is not only technically trained but morally cultivated and, therefore, capable of grasping the various social and ethical implications of the decisions made. Aim of the work: This paper, adopting the theoretical framework of virtue eth- ics, aims to analyze biblical famine narratives to identify the moral characters of corporate decision-makers. Methodological approach: The research adopts textual analysis applied to selected biblical texts as an investigative tool. Main findings: This analysis makes it possible to highlight the virtues of the "good decision-maker" who makes wise decisions for himself and for the community; from the results of the analysis follow some practical implications in the managerial sphere, contributing to the debate on the virtuousness of organizations. Originality: The paper is characterized by its exploratory nature, analyzing an- cient texts in an original way on the basis of the theoretical framework of virtue ethics in order to draw some considerations relevant to the current business context.

Perancangan Aplikasi Pengolahan Data Kelompok Tani Ternak Provinsi NTB

The Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Health is one of the government agencies of West Nusa Tenggara Province which has the task of improving the welfare of the community and reducing poverty in West Nusa Tenggara Province by providing grants in the form of livestock assistance or other assistance, assistance is given to livestock farmer groups in all regencies/cities throughout the province. -NTB has criteria that have been determined by the Animal Husbandry and Animal Health Service of the Province of NTB, the assistance provided is sourced from the Provincial Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD) and the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBN), because the process of providing assistance through the selection of submitted proposals manually by livestock farmer groups with three processes that become important points, namely recapitulation, validation and verification which takes a long time and the lack of information related to the development of livestock farmer groups in all regions of NTB that have received assistance, therefore an application or application is needed. u an information system that can assist the Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Health of the Province of NTB in processing livestock farmer group data, ranking as a good decision maker..

Perancangan Aplikasi Pengolahan Data Kelompok Tani Ternak Provinsi NTB

The Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Health is one of the government agencies of West Nusa Tenggara Province which has the task of improving the welfare of the community and reducing poverty in West Nusa Tenggara Province by providing grants in the form of livestock assistance or other assistance, assistance is given to livestock farmer groups in all regencies/cities throughout the province. -NTB has criteria that have been determined by the Animal Husbandry and Animal Health Service of the Province of NTB, the assistance provided is sourced from the Provincial Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD) and the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBN), because the process of providing assistance through the selection of submitted proposals manually by livestock farmer groups with three processes that become important points, namely recapitulation, validation and verification which takes a long time and the lack of information related to the development of livestock farmer groups in all regions of NTB that have received assistance, therefore an application or application is needed. u an information system that can assist the Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Health of the Province of NTB in processing livestock farmer group data, ranking as a good decision maker..

The Impact of Skills, Personality and Psychology on Management and Decision Making: Empirical Study Among Managers and Employees

This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issue of the influence of skills, personality factors, and psychology on management and decision-making processes. The systematization of literature on the problem of managerial decision-making has shown the impact of a significant number of internal factors on the effectiveness of corporate governance. The main purpose of the research is to determine whether personality impacts management processes in organizations. The object of the study is 25 managers and 60 employees of companies working in different spheres. The analysis in the paper is carried out in the following logical sequence: at the first stage, the literary sources containing the results of previous studies on this topic were analyzed; based on the obtained results, a survey of managers and employees of companies was conducted, and appropriate conclusions were made. Methodological tools of the research include survey, interview, and statistical methods: cross tabulation with Pearson Chi-square testing. The paper presents the results of an empirical analysis, which shows that most employees and managers think that the efficient managers are the ones who are loved by employees. According to the managers and employees, these are the best skills that an efficient manager should have: communication skills, leadership skills, decision-making skills, professional knowledge and practice. Both employees and managers think that the best managers are extroverts, ambitious and leader-like. According to the managers and employees, the most efficient managers are analytical, active, social, wise and enthusiastic. According to managers, the most efficient managers are characterized as the thinker (melancholic) and socially useful, and according to employees, the most efficient manager is characterized as the doer (choleric) and socially useful. According to managers and employees, a good decision-maker is analytical and wise. The results may be useful for organizations, also for studies in management, HR, psychology, personal development, etc.

The professional mathematics teacher: fabricating and governing the becoming of the teacher

This paper aims at unpacking the becoming of the mathematics teacher as a professional immerse in the Chilean society, by mapping the changes that have taken within his/her fabrication and governing. A Foucault–inspired history of the present is deployed, as analytical strategy, to problematize how the discursive assemblage of social development and school mathematics produces a particular mathematics teacher—an autonomous professional that has to engage in continuous training and has to be a good decision-maker, framed within political and economic agenda. Ways of conceiving and understand the mathematics teacher are (re)producing a discursive network that operates as a technology of government for the fabrication of the desired mathematics teacher.

Problem Based Learning to Enhance Students Critical Thinking Skill via Online Tools

Critical thinking in 21st century has been recognized as a skill for citizens. Critical thinking is define as the intellectual thinking skills like analyzing, reasoning, problem solving, creative thinking, making judgement and good decision maker. One way to enhance critical thinking skill is by Problem Based Learning (PBL) approach and it is already widely utilized in educational course as problem solving in learning assessment. Meanwhile, an online tool is the effective approach for teaching and learning in worldwide nowadays. Recently, the previous papers more focus on PBL and the outcome of critical thinking, but not the process, tools to support especially in the new era of learning. There is quite a few paper discuss about using online tools in PBL and critical thinking. The purpose of this review is to look into how the online tools were tackled by previous scholars and the latest trends on online tools in PBL to enhance critical thinking skill. The finding is based on past articles from the other researchers before. Hopefully, this study will contribute to the introduction of a new era of understanding the importance of PBL to enhance critical thinking skill via online tools.

The Blade of the Youngest Princess: The Eastern Kalimantan Folklore in the Analysis of Vladimir Propp’s Narrative Structure

The object of this research is The Blade of the Youngest Princess folklore (which abbreviated KLPB – Kepala Lading Putri Bungsu) from East Kalimantan. The researcher uses an approach of Vladimir Propp’s Narrative Structure to analyze the folklore. This research aims to reveal the function of the system of structure in folklore. The research uses qualitative methods and narrative structure of Vladimir Propp is used as an approach to identify the function and the structure of the story to reveal various values in community in East Kalimantan especially the moral value and the educational value. From the analysis, researcher finds that from the perspective of characters’ function, the folklore is formed from fifteen function. Whereas the elements of value of the community especially in East Kalimantan as reflected from the folklore is that the king is wise, fair, and a good decision maker.

Continuing Professional Development Strategies: A Model for the Iranian EFL Teachers’ Success

Throughout the past decade, evaluating teachers’ success has become a crucial issue due to the increased motivation on teacher accountability. In view of that the purpose of the present study is to determine EFL (English as a foreign language) teachers’ success in the Iranian institutional context based on students’ perspectives. More specifically, the present study surveyed any significant correlation between teachers’ practices of continuing professional development (CPD) strategies and teachers’ success. For this purpose, a CPD model was suggested and verified using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), to examine CPD factors contributing to EFL teachers’ success. A total of 316 English-major institutional teachers in Iran completed the CPD questionnaire. Besides, about 30% of their students, 828 students, are asked to fill in teachers’ success questionnaire, which intended to check students’ opinions on how successful they measured their teachers in teaching. Findings specified that practice of CPD strategies had a strong direct predicting power on EFL teachers’ success. It was illustrated that “updating” construct strongly affects both “collaborating” and “reflecting.” Moreover, “reflecting” moderately influence “collaborating” and “collaborating” intensely affects “decision making.” The results, specifically, highlight the fact that one to be a successful teacher in the field of EFL should be a good decision maker in the field too.

Does good critical thinking equal effective decision-making among critical care nurses? A cross-sectional survey

BackgroundA critical thinker may not necessarily be a good decision-maker, but critical care nurses are expected to utilise outstanding critical thinking skills in making complex clinical judgements. Studies have shown that critical care nurses’ decisions focus mainly on doing rather than reflecting. To date, the link between critical care nurses’ critical thinking and decision-making has not been examined closely in Malaysia. AimTo understand whether critical care nurses’ critical thinking disposition affects their clinical decision-making skills. MethodThis was a cross-sectional study in which Malay and English translations of the Short Form-Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version (SF-CTDI-CV) and the Clinical Decision-making Nursing Scale (CDMNS) were used to collect data from 113 nurses working in seven critical care units of a tertiary hospital on the east coast of Malaysia. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling in October 2015. ResultsCritical care nurses perceived both their critical thinking disposition and decision-making skills to be high, with a total score of 71.5 and a mean of 48.55 for the SF-CTDI-CV, and a total score of 161 and a mean of 119.77 for the CDMNS. One-way ANOVA test results showed that while age, gender, ethnicity, education level and working experience factors significantly impacted critical thinking (p<0.05), only age and working experience significantly impacted clinical decision-making (p<0.05). Pearson’s correlation analysis showed a strong and positive relationship between critical care nurses’ critical thinking and clinical decision-making (r=0.637, p=0.001). ConclusionWhile this small-scale study has shown a relationship exists between critical care nurses’ critical thinking disposition and clinical decision-making in one hospital, further investigation using the same measurement tools is needed into this relationship in diverse clinical contexts and with greater numbers of participants. Critical care nurses’ perceived high level of critical thinking and decision-making also needs further investigation.

Ethics of virtues and the education of the reasonable judge

In contemporary society, as in classical Greece, we need citizens that deliberate well both for themselves and for society overall. Different competitors contend about the right principles in the theory of education. This paper holds that ‘character education’, descending from the ancient ethics of virtues, still represents the best option available for people who want to deliberate well for the common good. A special place in deliberation is taken by legal reasoning because the law is central in the distribution of goods in our society. Rather than focusing only on rules and principles I follow the EV approach and focus on the qualities of the good decision-maker, the reasonable judge. The intellectual virtues of phronesis and techne combine those personal and professional qualities that we want at work in any judge. But it is the exercise of the civic art of rhetoric that expresses at best the public dimension of the reasonable judge.

Vagus Nerve Stimulation Alters Phase Synchrony of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex and Facilitates Decision Making in Rats.

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) can enhance memory and cognitive functions in both rats and humans. Studies have shown that VNS influenced decision-making in epileptic patients. However, the sites of action involved in the cognitive-enhancement are poorly understood. By employing a conscious rat model equipped with vagus nerve cuff electrode, we assess the role of chronic VNS on decision-making in rat gambling task (RGT). Simultaneous multichannel-recordings offer an ideal setup to test the hypothesis that VNS may induce alterations of in both spike-field-coherence and synchronization of theta oscillations across brain areas in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA). Daily VNS, administered immediately following training sessions of RGT, caused an increase in ‘good decision-maker’ rats. Neural spikes in the ACC became synchronized with the ongoing theta oscillations of local field potential (LFP) in BLA following VNS. Moreover, cross-correlation analysis revealed synchronization between the ACC and BLA. Our results provide specific evidence that VNS facilitates decision-making and unveils several important roles for VNS in regulating LFP and spike phases, as well as enhancing spike-phase coherence between key brain areas involved in cognitive performance. These data may serve to provide fundamental notions regarding neurophysiological biomarkers for therapeutic VNS in cognitive impairment.

Determinants of Adolescent Fertility among Rural Women of Ethiopia

The main objective of this study is to identify the factors that contribute to adolescent childbearing and to examine to what extent these factors influence adolescent fertility of women in rural Ethiopia. This study was based on 2510 adolescent fertility data of rural women aged 15 - 19 years that was extracted from the original women data of the 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). Descriptive analysis, chi-square test and binary logistic analysis were employed. Hence, based on the result, religion, current contraceptive method use, woman educational level, wealth index were the most contributing risk factors for adolescent childbearing of women in rural Ethiopia. The risk of having children in adolescent years was greater for not educated women than those who had secondary or higher education. In addition, the chance of having a child in adolescent years for poor households’ women was higher than that of their counterparts. Hence strengthening poor households by designing different strategies can have better life and good decision maker about their adolescent childbearing.

Private agenda and re-election incentives

Consider a politician who has to take two sequential decisions during his term in office. For each decision, the politician faces a trade-off between taking what he believes to be the decision that generates a public benefit, thus increasing his chances of re-election, and taking the decision that increases his private gain but is likely to decrease his chances of re-election. In our results we find that if the politician is a good enough decision maker and he desires to be re-elected enough, he takes the action that generates a public benefit regardless of his private interests. Moreover, we find that the behavior such that the politician delays taking the action that generates a public benefit to the last period of his term in office before he is up for re-election is optimal if and only if he has either very high or very low decision making skills.

Judging judges: How do children weigh the importance of capability and objectivity for being a good decision maker?

Two studies examined developmental differences in how children weigh capability and objectivity when evaluating potential judges. In Study 1, 84 6- to 12-year-olds and adults were told stories about pairs of judges that varied in capability (i.e., perceptual capacity) and objectivity (i.e., the relationship to a contestant) and were asked to predict which judge would be more accurate. Participants generally preferred capable over incapable judges. Additionally, 10- and 12-year-olds adjusted their preferences for the most capable judge based on objectivity information. Seventy 6- and 8-year-olds participated in Study 2, which was similar to Study 1 except that the judges could both seem incapable unless children understood how different decisions require different kinds of perceptual capabilities. While 8-year-olds chose judges based on the relevance of the perceptual capability, 6-year-olds struggled, seeming to be distracted by the valence of the judges' relationships to the contestants. Overall, these results support that there are important shifts in how children evaluate decision makers from early to middle childhood.

Defining Decision Making: A Qualitative Study of International Experts’ Views on Surgical Trainee Decision Making

Decision making is a key competency of surgeons; however, how best to assess decisions and decision makers is not clearly established. The aim of the present study was to identify criteria that inform judgments about surgical trainees' decision-making skills. A qualitative free text web-based survey was distributed to recognized international experts in Surgery, Medical Education, and Cognitive Research. Half the participants were asked to identify features of good decisions, characteristics of good decision makers, and essential factors for developing good decision-making skills. The other half were asked to consider these areas in relation to poor decision making. Template analysis of free text responses was performed. Twenty-nine (52%) experts responded to the survey, identifying 13 categories for judging a decision and 14 for judging a decision maker. Twelve features/characteristics overlapped (considered, informed, well timed, aware of limitations, communicated, knowledgeable, collaborative, patient-focused, flexible, able to act on the decision, evidence-based, and coherent). Fifteen categories were generated for essential factors leading to development of decision-making skills that fall into three major themes (personal qualities, training, and culture). The categories compiled from the perspectives of good/poor were predominantly the inverse of each other; however, the weighting given to some categories varied. This study provides criteria described by experts when considering surgical decisions, decision makers, and development of decision-making skills. It proposes a working definition of a good decision maker. Understanding these criteria will enable clinical teachers to better recognize and encourage good decision-making skills and identify poor decision-making skills for remediation.

SE05 GENERATING A MODEL TO EXPLORE DECISION MAKING IN AN ACUTE SURGICAL SETTING

Purpose: There is no current research in surgery that articulates what constitutes good or poor decisions in acute management of a surgical patient. The aim of this study was to define good and poor decision making to facilitate the teaching, learning and assessment of surgical trainees’ decision making skills.Methodology: A qualitative web‐based survey was delivered to global experts in Surgery, Medical Education and Cognitive Research. Half the participants were asked to list features of a good decision, characteristics of a good decision maker and essential factors in developing good decision making skills. The rest of the participants were asked to consider the same areas related to poor decision making. The free text responses were collated and grouped into themes.Results: 29 (52%) experts responded. The free text comments for good and poor decisions were predominantly the inverse of each other. However some of the features of a poor decision included qualified statements; e.g. timing was important but some respondents felt a poor decision was characterised by being too slow and others by being too fast. The relationship between themes was considered and a model generated to illustrate acute surgical decision making. The model is composed of three major layers –central is the decision process, surrounded by the decision maker and the decision environment. Each of these three layers is compiled of sub layers. From this model a second model was generated to consider how factors important in decision making might interact in real life.Conclusion: Understanding decision making is vital for training surgeons. These models enable the factors that constitute decision making to be mapped in detail.

What makes a good decision-maker? Self and social evaluations of decision-making competence versus performance measures in a simulated decision

The concept of decision-making competence was investigated from different perspectives, using several methods of measurement. The objective was to describe the relationships among four sets of variables: self and social appraisals of decision-making competence, selected objective measures of decision-making performance, and involvement in real-life experiences indicating individual differences in decision-making experience. Subjects were 50 adult Kibbutz members who were asked to evaluate themselves and to complete a sociometric questionnaire on other members, concerning decision-making competence. They were also asked to make a simulated decision about a new line of work, from which data were obtained on their creativity in generating options and considerations, congruence between explicit and implicit choice values, and between their preferences and utilities of the options. Findings indicated that the different aspects of decision-making competence were considerably independent, that age was positively related to social evaluations of decision-making competence and negatively to self appraisals, and that gender may interact with relationships among different parameters of decision-making competence.