Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire Research Articles

Original Research: Addressing Nurse Burnout: The Relationship Between Burnout and Physical Activity.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses have faced innumerable challenges, which have contributed to staggering increases in burnout rates. In the health care arena, burnout has been associated with the onset or exacerbation of physical illness, neglect of self-care, fatigue, decreased patient satisfaction, higher medication error rates, lack of nurse engagement, and increased nurse turnover. This cross-sectional study sought to determine whether a correlation exists between self-reported physical activity and nurses' perception of burnout in a sample of hospital RNs. The secondary aim was to determine whether a correlation exists between the level of perceived burnout and the number of medication errors or near misses. Participants were asked to provide demographic information, complete the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) and the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ), and self-report the number of medication errors or near misses they were involved in during the previous 12 months. Data were analyzed using Stata version 17 software. A total of 216 participants returned usable surveys. Regarding the relationship between burnout and physical activity levels, data analysis was performed for the 210 participants who completed both the CBI and the GLTEQ. Compared with the least physically active nurses, the most active nurses had significantly lower CBI scores, with 68.5% of those reporting low or no burnout also scoring 24 or more on the GLTEQ. The least physically active nurses had significantly higher CBI scores, with 47.6% of those reporting high burnout also scoring 13 or less on the GLTEQ. Moreover, 90% of the nurses with high burnout levels had directly cared for COVID-19 patients at some point between 2020 and 2022. Medical-surgical nurses experienced significantly higher levels of burnout compared with nurses working in other service areas. No significant relationship was found between the number of medication errors or near misses and burnout levels. This study found that the most physically active nurses reported lower levels of burnout, while the highest levels of burnout were found in the least active nurses. Although COVID-19 infection rates have eased, many nurses, particularly those who have cared for COVID-19 patients and those who work in medical-surgical environments, continue to experience burnout. Targeted programs to reduce work-related burnout, as well as organizational sponsorship of and unit-level support for such programs, are urgently needed. This study's findings suggest that promotion of physical activity may be an essential component to alleviating burnout.

Prediction of Recurrent Lateral Ankle Sprain and Ankle Pain Using Applied Care Strategies and Patient-Reported Outcomes.

Lateral ankle sprain (LAS) patients often have deficient patient-reported outcomes (PROs) at return-to-activity (RTA), potentially increasing risk for recurrent LAS and ankle pain. Additionally, applied care strategies are known to correct impairments, but their ability to mitigate risk for long-term consequences remains unknown. To determine if applied care strategies and PRO scores at RTA and 6-months post-RTA predict recurrent LAS and ankle pain 12 months after an acute LAS. Prospective cohort study. Online survey. We enrolled 63 individuals within one week of sustaining an acute LAS. Participants completed online surveys about their health history and recent LAS. At RTA and 6 months post-RTA, participants completed online surveys regarding demographics, applied care strategies, and patient reported outcomes (PROs): Foot and Ankle Disability Index, Identification of Functional Ankle Instability, Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire, Short Form-8. At 12 months post-RTA, we asked participants if they sustained recurrent LAS. Chi-squares determined if recurrent LAS and ankle pain at 12-months were related to applied care strategies or ankle pain at RTA. Independent t-tests compared demographics and PROs at RTA and 6-months between participants with and without a recurrent LAS or ankle pain at 12-months. Logistic regression and area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) analyses determined if demographics, applied care strategies, ankle pain at RTA, and PRO scores at RTA and 6-months predicted recurrent LAS and ankle pain at 12-months. Participants with a recurrent LAS had a lower walking boot use (P=0.05) and were taller than those without (P=0.03). Increased height and lack of walking boot use were predictive of recurrent LAS (P<0.01, R2=0.33, AUROC=0.81[0.68, 0.95]). LAS patients who are taller and do not use a walking boot might have greater risk for a recurrent LAS withing 12 months of RTA.

Abstract PO2-11-07: Early Integration of Exercise into Breast Cancer Care: The MSK Healthy Living Program

Abstract Background: In patients with early-stage breast cancer, quality of life (QoL) worsens within 3-6 months following diagnosis. Physical activity (PA) can mitigate the adverse effects of treatment and improve QoL, and low PA level is associated with cancer recurrence and mortality. However, PA interventions are not included in standard cancer care. Early intervention to increase PA levels may improve QoL during active cancer therapy. The Healthy Living Program (HLP) at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSK) is a lifestyle and survivorship program that engages early-stage breast cancer patients at the time of diagnosis using lifestyle risk stratification and matched referrals. We investigated whether early exercise intervention through the MSK HLP impacts QoL within the first months after cancer diagnosis. Methods: At the time of diagnosis, patients complete a lifestyle questionnaire (LQ), which is a composite of validated instruments, including the Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ). Patients not meeting PA guidelines per the GLTEQ are offered a referral to an exercise physiologist (EP). The EP creates an individualized, home-based exercise program using the FITT Principle (Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type). Patients meet with the EP every 4 weeks for 16 weeks; if exercise recommendations continue to be unmet, the program is extended. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B) and 36-Item Short Form Survey Instrument (SF-36) were completed at baseline and the 16-week follow-up. Results: 252 patients enrolled between April 2020 – February 2023, of whom 92 volunteered to complete the QoL assessments. Median age was 53 years [range 23-84]; 12/252 (13.0%) of patients had ductal carcinoma in situ, 60/252 (65.2%) had Stage 1 disease, 17/252 (18.5%) had Stage 2 disease, and 3/252 (3.1%) had Stage 3 disease. 29/252 (31.5%) received chemotherapy, 62/252 (67.4%) received radiation, and 79/252 (85.9%) received hormone therapy. The mean baseline FACT scores were FACT-B: 116, FACT-G: 87, and FACT-B Trial Outcome Index (TOI): 73. At the 16-week follow-up, all QOL scores remained stable from baseline (means FACT-B: 118, FACT-G: 89, and TOI: 75). Improvements were observed among the subscales of the SF-36 from baseline to follow-up. The largest improvements were observed in physical and emotional role function scores, with 22% and 13% improvements from baseline to follow-up, respectively. Conclusions: A clinically implemented exercise intervention embedded in standard of care prevented decreases in QoL and improved physical and emotional functioning during the initial course of adjuvant breast cancer therapy. These findings support early implementation of lifestyle modification after a breast cancer diagnosis. Citation Format: Kylie Rowed, Sherry Shen, Andrea Smith, Bridget Kelly, Rocco Magnoli, Stacie Corcoran, Melissa Emerzian, Cynthia Cruz, Erica Salehi, Cara Anselmo, Mark Robson, Neil Iyengar. Early Integration of Exercise into Breast Cancer Care: The MSK Healthy Living Program [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO2-11-07.

Results of a feasibility and initial efficacy clinical trial of a high-intensity interval training program using adaptive equipment in persons with multiple sclerosis who have walking disability

BackgroundHigh intensity interval training (HIIT) has been identified as potential stimulus for eliciting health-promoting physical activity in an efficient manner among persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). The current study aimed to examine the feasibility and initial efficacy of a 12-week HIIT program using a recumbent stepper (RSTEP) in persons with MS who have walking disability. Feasibility outcomes of interest included process (i.e., recruitment, adherence, and retention rates), resource (i.e., time and monetary costs), management (i.e., data management and safety reporting assessment), and science (i.e., safety, burden, and treatment effect assessment). We hypothesized that 12-weeks of HIIT will be feasible via meeting a priori benchmarks in process, resource, management, and scientific outcomes. The efficacy outcomes of interest included changes in aerobic fitness, physical activity, walking, upper arm function, cognition, fatigue, and depressive symptoms. We hypothesized that 12 weeks of HIIT would result in improvements in aerobic capacity, walking, upper arm function, cognition, fatigue, and depression. MethodsA pre-post clinical trial design was applied. Participants (N = 16) were recruited and enrolled in the 12-week RSTEP HIIT program who met the following inclusion criteria: age ≥18 years, self-reported diagnosis of MS, Patient Determined Disability Steps scale score 3.0–7.0, relapse free in past 30 days, willing to visit a University Laboratory for study protocol, asymptomatic status for maximal exercise testing, physician approval, and a self-reported ability to speak, read, and understand English. Measures of efficacy outcomes of interest included Six Minute Walk Test (6MW), Timed 25 Foot Walk Test (T25FW), the Brief International Cognitive Assessment in MS (BICAMS), 9-hole peg test (9-HPT), Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Fatigue Severity Survey (FSS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ), Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale-12 (MSWS-12). Participants completed a graded maximal exercise test for measuring aerobic fitness (VO2peak) and prescription of exercise throughout the intervention. All outcomes were measured at baseline, mid-point (6-weeks), and post-intervention (12-weeks). The intervention involved 12 weeks of supervised, individualized HIIT sessions two times per week using RSTEP. The individual HIIT sessions included 10 cycles of 60 s intervals at the work rate associated with 90 % VO2peak followed by 60 s of active recovery intervals, totaling 20 minutes plus 5-minute warm-up and cool-down periods. Process, resources, management, and scientific feasibility outcomes were examined using descriptive statistics, percentage, and frequency analyses. The efficacy of the intervention was assessed using a 1-factor (Time), repeated measure analysis of variance to identify significant changes over time. ResultsFourteen of 16 participants were retained throughout the full study period and adherence with prescribed exercise sessions was 97 %. Twenty-three staff were comprehensively trained across two sites. There was only one adverse event reported that did not impact participation in the study and overall mean satisfaction rating with the program among participants was 4.7/5. There were statistically significant changes in cognitive processing speed (p = 0.002), GLTEQ (p = 0.005), and MSWS-12 (p = 0.04), but not the other outcomes of fitness, arm function, and walking. Of note, there were large effect sizes noted for peak power output (d = 1.10) and FSS (d = 1.05) despite the lack of statistically significant changes ConclusionFeasibility of a 12-week individualized RSTEP HIIT program was established and participants significantly improved on measures of cognition, physical activity, and walking.

Physical activity as a mediator in the relationship between health locus of control and health-related quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients with different disease duration

BackgroundThe importance of undertaking physical activity for functioning of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) has been repeatedly highlighted. However, the research on the role of physical activity in shaping the quality of life of patients with different disease duration is scarce. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify the mediating role of physical activity in the relationship between health locus of control (HLoC) and health-related quality of life in MS patients with varying disease duration. MethodsThe study included 339 patients with MS from rehabilitation centers. The Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29) was used to measure health-related quality of life, physical activity was assessed by the Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ) and the Health Locus of Control Questionnaire was used to measure HLoC. ResultsPhysical activity has been shown to be a mediator in the relationship between intrinsic HLoC and health-related quality of life particularly in patients with longer disease duration. Intrinsic HLoC was positively associated with engaging in physical activity, which in turn was positively associated with the physical component of quality of life in patients with longer (indirect effect: β = −0.077, p < 0.05) and moderate (β = −0.040, p < 0.05) duration of illness. ConclusionThe results highlight the importance of psychological resources for undertaking quality-of-life-related physical activity by MS patients with long disease duration. Particularly important here is the internal HLoC, which promotes physical activity that increases the chance of a high quality of life.

Comparison of patient-reported outcomes of physical activity and accelerometry in people with multiple sclerosis and ambulatory impairment: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundAccelerometers and patient-reported outcomes (PRO) are used to assess physical activity (PA) in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). So far it is unknown, however, whether these assessments represent mobility limitations in pwMS with mild and moderate to severe disability alike. The primary aim of the study was to assess the correlation between accelerometry and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) scores in pwMS with different degrees of ambulatory impairment. Taken its frequent use into account, the Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ) was investigated as additional PRO. MethodsIn a prospective cohort of pwMS, correlational analyses were performed between the number of daily steps, time spent in light, moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) and time spent sitting as assessed using accelerometry (ActiGraph®-GT3X), and the respective IPAQ and GLTEQ scores. Additionally, associations of PA with disease-specific characteristics, aerobic capacity (VO2peak), walking assessments (Timed 25-Foot Walk, T25FW; 2-Minute Walk Test, 2MWT) and walking perception (Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale-12; MSWS-12) were explored. Patient subgroups with mild (Expanded Disability Status Scale; EDSS score <4.0) and moderate to severe disability (EDSS ≥4.0) were analysed for the impact of ambulatory impairment on PA. Multiple linear regression was used to determine predictors of PA. ResultsA total of 56 pwMS completed the study, with a mean (standard deviation, SD) age of 48.4 (10.3) years, disease duration of 14.8 (9.6) years and median (interquartile range) EDSS score of 3.5 (2.0 – 4.4). Moderate to weak correlations were found between daily step count and IPAQ total metabolic equivalent (MET) minutes/week (p < 0.001; r = 0.506), MVPA MET-minutes/week (p < 0.01; r = 0.479) and walking MET-minutes/week (p < 0.05; r = 0.372) in the total cohort. Time spent sitting was inversely correlated with total MET-minutes/week and MVPA MET-minutes/week (p < 0.05; r = -0.358 and r = -0.365). Subgroup analysis revealed, that daily step count was significantly correlated with total MET-minutes/week, MVPA MET-minutes/week and walking MET-minutes/week (p < 0.01, r = 0.569; p < 0.01, r = 0.531 and p < 0.05, r = 0.480, respectively) in the “mild disability” subgroup only, whereas time spent sitting was inversely correlated with total MET-minutes/week (p < 0.05; r = -0.582) in the “moderate to severe disability” subgroup. There was no association between objectively assessed PA and GLTEQ scores in any group. In the total cohort, moderate to weak correlations were found between daily step count and walking assessments (T25FW: p < 0.01, ρ = -0.508; 2MWT: p < 0.01, ρ=0.463) and MSWS-12 (p < 0.001; ρ = -0.609). Moderate to weak correlations were also observed between VO2peak and walking assessments (T25FW: p < 0.01; ρ = -0.516; 2MWT: p < 0.01, ρ=0.480). Multiple linear regression analysis identified disability and VO2peak as predictors of PA (p = 0.045; β=0.25 and p < 0.001; β=0.49). ConclusionSignificant associations of objective PA measurements using accelerometry with IPAQ were found only in pwMS with “mild disability”. In pwMS with “moderate to severe disability”, IPAQ did not reflect the objectively assessed amount of PA. In our cohort, GLTEQ showed no association with objectively assessed PA. Thus, an MS-specific self-reported questionnaire for assessing PA is warranted.

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY CORRELATES AMONG POSTOPERATIVE PERSONS WITH CROHN'S DISEASE: PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM A CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYSIS

Abstract INTRODUCTION There is increasing research and clinical interest in physical activity (PA) behavior among persons with Crohn's disease (CD), but little is known regarding PA and its correlates among postoperative persons with CD. This is important as most patients with CD will require surgery within 10 years of diagnosis which may drastically alter PA levels and its benefits for CD. As found in past studies with other patient populations (e.g., colorectal cancer survivors), understanding the cognitive and behavioral factors associated with PA engagement among postoperative adults with CD is useful for informing the development of PA behavior change interventions for this population. This cross-sectional study examined self-reported PA levels and its associations with social cognitive theory (SCT) variables among postoperative persons with CD. METHODS Participants included 30 persons with CD who completed an online survey between November 2022 and June 2023. Of those participants, 18 reported a history of CD-related surgery. The survey assessed demographic and clinical characteristics, disease activity (Harvey-Bradshaw Index), leisure time exercise (Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire and International Physical Activity Questionnaire), and related SCT variables (exercise self-efficacy, social support, outcome expectations, goal setting, and planning). Analyses included independent sample t-tests and non-parametric bivariate correlations (rs) for comparing PA levels and SCT survey scores among participants with and without a history of surgery. RESULTS There were differences in PA and SCT variables based on surgical history. Postoperative participants engaged in significantly more PA (t = 2.17, p = 0.04) and reported greater outcome expectations (t = 2.45, p = 0.02) and goal setting (t = 2.22, p = 0.04) scores compared with CD participants without a history of surgery. Among postoperative participants, only exercise goal setting was significantly correlated with PA (rs = .53, p = 0.03) such that postoperative participants with greater exercise goal setting behaviors reported higher levels of PA. None of the SCT variables were significantly associated with PA in the sample of participants without a history of surgery. CONCLUSIONS This study yielded novel findings regarding PA behavior and its SCT correlates in a small sample of postoperative persons with CD. The results suggest the need for further research into exercise goal setting as a potential target of behavior change interventions for increasing PA among postoperative persons with CD.

Enhancements to a Telewellness Program for People With Physical Disabilities: Mindfulness, Exercise, and Nutrition To Optimize Resilience (MENTOR 2.0).

This study evaluated the National Center on Health, Physical Activity and Disability (NCHPAD) Mindfulness, Exercise, and Nutrition To Optimize Resilience (MENTOR) program for people with physical disabilities. This retrospective evaluation of MENTOR 2.0, an 8-week online group health promotion program, was based on improvements from its first implementation (MENTOR 1.0). Baseline and postassessments included the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ), NCHPAD Wellness Assessment (NWA), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale. Estimates and corresponding 95% CIs from linear mixed models were provided to compare baseline and postassessment scores and effect sizes using Cohen d. Among 116 participants (mean age, 53 y; 63% female), postassessment scores increased significantly in the overall NWA and in all 15 NWA domains (effect size, 0.30-0.69). The overall NWA score was 7.59 (95% CI, 5.63-9.56) units higher at postassessment compared with baseline. Scores for GLTEQ health contribution increased significantly among participants with low baseline scores (31.37 [95% CI, 12.97-49.77]) (effect size, 0.50). Mindfulness and resilience scores both showed improvement (0.16 [95% CI, 0.01-0.31]; effect size, 0.15) and (0.72 [95% CI, -0.25 to 1.68]; effect size 0.09), respectively, but only the change in mindfulness was significant. MENTOR 2.0 advanced the evaluation of this online telewellness program for people with physical disabilities by demonstrating consistent results with MENTOR 1.0. We reported improvements in GLTEQ, especially among those with lower baseline scores; in multiple areas of wellness, including physical, mental, and emotional/spiritual health; and in mindfulness and resilience, although the improvements in these 2 constructs were small.

Social Cognitive Theory Variables as Correlates of Physical Activity Behavior Among Hispanics With Multiple Sclerosis

ObjectiveTo examine the association between social cognitive theory (SCT) variables and physical activity (PA) behavior in Hispanic adults with multiple sclerosis (MS). DesignObservational, survey study. SettingGeneral community. ParticipantsInclusion criteria: (a) age 18 years or older, (b) self-identify as Hispanic or Latino, (c) diagnosis of MS, and (d) English or Spanish as primary language. Two hundred forty-three individuals opened the survey, 24 individuals did not meet inclusion criteria, and 66 individuals were excluded due to not completing any of the SCT variable measures (N=153). InterventionsNot applicable. Main Outcome Measure(s)PA was measured using the Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ) total and Health Contribution Scores (HCS). SCT variables included standard measures of exercise self-efficacy, planning, goal setting, outcome expectations, social support, and functional impairment. ResultsThe final sample included 153 participants with a mean (SD) age of 43 (11) years, 78% identified as women, 57% were employed, and 63% had a college degree or higher. The mean (SD) MS disease duration was 11 (9) years, 74% of participants reported relapsing remitting MS, and median (interquartile range) Patient Determined Disease Steps (PDDS) score was 3.0 (3.0). Significant correlations were observed between all SCT variables and both GLTEQ total and GLTEQ HCS scores (P<.001). Forward stepwise regression with Akaike's Information Criterion (AICC) identified PDDS, age, exercise planning, exercise self-efficacy, and exercise goal setting as the most appropriate covariates and SCT variables to include in a multivariable model examining independent contributions on GLTEQ HCS scores. The multivariable, linear regression analysis indicated that PDDS (Standardized B=-.280, P<.001), exercise planning (Standardized B=.214, P<.05), and exercise self-efficacy (Standardized B=.183, P<.05) explained 42.4% of variance in GLTEQ HCS scores. ConclusionsThis study provides a contribution to the literature by identifying SCT variables that correlate with PA behavior among Hispanics with MS that may guide the creation of culturally appropriate PA programs.

A153: The Relationships Between Physical Activity and Health-Related Quality of Life in Parent-Child Dyads with ASD

Purpose: Researchers have found that the core and combined symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) negatively influence the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of autistic children and their parents. Although it is supported that participation in physical activity (PA) can enhance the HRQoL and well-being in general, few studies have addressed the relationship between HRQoL with PA in the population with ASD. This study examines how much leisure-time physical activity participation is correlated to HRQoL in parent-child dyads with ASD. Method: Participants were recruited from two Rehabilitation Centers for neurodevelopmental disability children. Eighty-five ASD children and their parents participated in this study. HRQoL for ASD children and their parents was measured with the World Health Organization Quality of Life short form (WHOQoL-26) and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0, parent-report version) respectively, while leisure-time PA participation of both children and parents was assessed using the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ). We first confirmed the psychometrics of the WHOQoL-26 and PedQL 4.0 and then analyzed the relationships between different levels of PA and HRQoL in dyads. Results: Descriptive statistics showed that 30.6% of ASD children (Mage=5.25±1.48; 85.9% boys) and 42.4% of their parents (75.3% between 31-40 years; 73 mothers and 12 fathers) were insufficiently active. For parents of children with ASD, the physical domain of HRQoL had a small positive correlation with light PA (r=0.27, p=0.013) while the psychology domain had a small to moderate positive correlation with moderate (r= 0.23, p=0.04), light (r=0.3, p=0.006), and total (r=0.23, p=0.032) PA. Also, the environment domain of HRQoL had a small positive correlation with moderate (r=0.28, p=0.011) and light (r=0.32, p=0.003) PA. Concerning ASD children, the physical domain of HRQoL had a small to moderate positive correlation with moderate (r= 0.24, p= 0.027) and total (r= 0.32, p= 0.004) PA. Furthermore, there were several interrelationships between parent-child dyads’ PA and parent-child dyads’ HRQoL. ASD children’s social domain in HRQoL was correlated to their parents’ light PA (r=0.25, p=0.021) whereas parents’ environment domain was correlated to their children’s mild PA (r=0.24, p=0.03). Conclusion: There are significant relationships between PA and HRQoL for both children with ASD and their parents. Particularly, the parent-child dyads’ HRQoL may benefit from each other’s leisure-time PA involvement. Due to ASD children’s restricted daily PA norm and their parent’s challenging caregiving environment, the designation of effective PA enhancement strategies may enhance the quality of life in both children with ASD and their parents.

Abstract A024: Mind Your BEAT: A culturally adapted intervention to increase physical activity and reduce psychosocial distress among rural breast cancer survivors

Abstract Purpose: Rural cancer survivors are less likely to meet physical activity recommendations than urban cancer survivors, contributing to physical inactivity-related cancer health disparities. Evidence-based interventions to reduce psychosocial distress and increase physical activity in cancer survivors were developed in urban or clinical settings and often fail when implemented in rural community settings. The purpose of this study was to use a community-engaged approach to develop and evaluate an intervention to reduce psychosocial stress and increase physical activity in rural breast cancer survivors in Northeast Texas. Method: We conducted interviews with community partners and rural breast cancer survivors to adapt an evidence-based program for rural cancer survivors and for implementation in a rural community setting. The Mind Your BEAT (MYB) intervention combined aerobic exercise, group education, and mind-body strategies to increase physical activity and reduce psychosocial distress in rural breast cancer survivors. Participants were recruited through FitSteps for Life, an existing evidence-based exercise program, and randomized to participate in MYB or FitSteps as usual (control group). Self-reported weekly leisure time physical activity (WLA) was assessed using the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire, and psychosocial distress was assessed using the NCCN distress thermometer. All measures were completed at baseline and following the 3-month intervention. Participants were categorized as meeting physical activity recommendations or not (WLA score ≥24 or &amp;lt;24) and reporting high or low psychosocial distress (NCCN score ≥4 or &amp;lt;4). Results: To date, 29 rural breast cancer survivors (M age=65.8±10.3 years) have enrolled in the study, and 24 (83%) were retained at post-intervention. Most participants completed a bachelor degree or more (62%), reported an annual household income &amp;gt;$40,000 (80%), reported their cancer stage at diagnosis was 0-II (95.9%), and were over 5 years post-treatment (M=5.9±8.4 years). In the MYB intervention, the percent of rural breast cancer survivors who met physical activity recommendations increased from 53.3 to 90.9% compared to the control group, which decreased from 64.3 to 50%. The percent of rural cancer survivors who reported high psychosocial distress decreased from 66.7 to 27.3% in the MYB group and from 57.1 to 41.7% in the control group. Conclusions: MYB integrates physical and psychological health and wellbeing and is feasible among rural breast cancer survivors who are insufficiently active. Furthermore, MYB improved physical activity and reduced psychosocial distress among rural cancer survivors who experience poorer cancer survivorship outcomes and are at greater risk of recurrence, comorbidity and death. Findings from this study fill a critical gap in the literature on the translation of evidence-based interventions into sustained practice in rural community settings. Citation Format: Scherezade K. Mama, Lily Ju, Brandy Friendly, Ian Leavitt, Laura Q. Rogers, Kathryn H. Schmitz, Lorna H. McNeill. Mind Your BEAT: A culturally adapted intervention to increase physical activity and reduce psychosocial distress among rural breast cancer survivors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A024.

Sedentary behaviour and related factors in people with multiple sclerosis

BackgroundSedentary behaviour is a major problem in persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). However, little is known about the related factors of sedentary behaviour in MS. Our study aimed to examine the association between sedentary behaviour and physical activity level, fear of falling, and fatigue. MethodDemographic and clinical data have been recorded. Sedentary behaviour was assessed with the Marshall Sitting Questionnaire, physical activity level was evaluated with the Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire, fear of falling was evaluated with the Fall Efficacy Scale International, and fatigue was evaluated with the modified fatigue impact scale (MFIS). The Timed 25-Foot Walk, 6-Minute Walk Test, Timed Up and Go Test, and 12-Item Multiple Sclerosis Walking Scale were also used to assess walking and perceived walking disability. ResultsWe recruited 71 pwMS [49 were female (69 %), mean age:38.08 years, median EDSS:1.5]. The mean daily sitting time was 593.54 min (∼10 h). No significant correlation was found between sitting times and demographics, leisure time physical activity, fear of falling, walking, perceived walking disability, and neurological disability level (p > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that being male increased the risk of sedentary behaviour by 3.08 times, being employed increased the risk of sitting by 4.65 times, and each point increase in MFIS scores resulted in a 1.03-fold elevation in the odds of prolonged sitting. ConclusionThe fact that pwMS, even with a mild disability spend almost 10 h sitting highlights the significance of sedentary behaviour in this population. Developing strategies to address modifiable factors, such as fatigue, may be effective in reducing sedentary behaviour.

Evaluating Factors Associated With Patient-Perceived Applicability of the QuickDASH Survey in Reflecting Their Goals of Care Prior to Hand Surgery

Patient-reported outcome measures intend to capture patients' perspectives on their health status. However, the patient-perceived applicability of many of these patient-reported outcome measures is unknown. We hypothesized that patients experiencing greater upper extremity disability and greater pain interference would be more likely to report that the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire (QuickDASH) survey content is responsive to their daily lives and goals in seeking surgical care. Adult preoperative hand surgery patients at a single tertiary academic center were recruited prospectively. QuickDASH, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Pain Interference computerized-adaptive-testing, and the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ)-a validated adult physical activity level metric-data were collected. The following two Likert response questions were also asked: question (1) "How applicable is the above questionnaire to your treatment goals for your upper extremity condition?" and question (2) "How applicable is the overall questionnaire to your daily life?" Multivariable binary logistic regression was performed to define the factors associated with patients reporting that the survey was "very applicable." Of the 133 included patients, the mean age was 49 ± 18 years, 40% were women, and the mean GLTEQ score was 54.1 ± 5.5 (consistent with a high level of activity). For questions 1 and 2, 32% and 29% of the patients reported that QuickDASH was "very applicable," respectively. The multivariable model demonstrated that for every 10-point increase in QuickDASH, there was a 45% to 49% greater odds of respondents reporting that the survey was "very applicable," and for every 5-point increase in pain interference computerized-adaptive-testing, the odds increased by 55% to 70%. No association with GLTEQ was observed. Patients with greater upper extremity disability and pain interference were more likely to find the QuickDASH content to be applicable to their daily lives and goals in seeking surgical care. These findings suggest that QuickDASH may not be an optimal instrument when evaluating upper extremity function in cohorts with mild disability and low pain interference.

Feasibility of a remotely-delivered yoga intervention on cognitive function in breast cancer survivors: a mixed-methods study

BackgroundCancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a common, persistent quality of life complaint among breast cancer survivors (BCS), however there remain no proven treatments. There is emerging evidence that aerobic exercise and yoga may improve CRCI. There remains limited research on the safety and feasibility of virtually-supervised, remotely-delivered yoga interventions among cancer survivors, and no yoga studies to date have assessed cognitive function as a primary outcome in BCS. The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility of an 8-week, remotely-delivered yoga intervention and examine its impact on cognitive function, fatigue, and exercise levels in BCS using a concurrent mixed-methods design.MethodsParticipants completed objective and self-report cognitive function measures (NIH Toolbox remote cognitive battery, PsyToolkit Task Switch test, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cognitive Function [FACT-Cog3]); fatigue (Revised-Piper Fatigue Scale); and exercise activity level (modified Godin Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire) before and after the yoga intervention. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted post-intervention to understand participants' experiences with the yoga intervention, CRCI, and fatigue.ResultsThe intervention surpassed a priori feasibility indicators (adherence rate = 83.7%, attrition rate = 5.4%, no adverse events). Participants (n = 18, Mage= 52.2 ± 10.1) had significant improvements in objective memory, fatigue, and weekly minutes of moderate-to-vigorous exercise post-intervention. Qualitative themes indicated that participants found the remote intervention to be enjoyable and beneficial.ConclusionsIn this small proof-of-concept study, remotely-delivered yoga appears safe and effective at improving CRCI. Future randomized controlled trials examining the impact of remotely-delivered yoga interventions on cognitive function in BCS are warranted.

Lifestyle Behaviors and Health-Related Quality of Life in Long-Term Survivors of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: An International Survivorship Study By the Gimema, EORTC Quality of Life and Leukemia Groups

Background Major advances have been made in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and the number of survivors is expected to rise over the coming years. Therefore, a better understanding of the relationships between lifestyle behaviors and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is important to better inform survivorship care programs. Although valuable evidence exists in this area of research for survivors of solid tumors, little data is available on patients with AML. Objective We aimed to investigate the prevalence of lifestyle behaviors of long-term AML survivors and to identify associations with HRQoL profile. A secondary objective was to describe the prevalence of clinically important functional problems and symptoms by level of physical activity (PA). Methods: In this international AML survivorship study, patients were eligible if they were diagnosed at least 5 years before and were disease-free at study entry. Patients were invited to participate by their treating hematologist and all consenting patients were requested to complete a survey booklet. Clinical data were retrieved via hospital medical records. The following lifestyle behaviors were assessed: PA, maintaining a healthy weight, eating pattern, smoking status, and alcohol consumption. PA was assessed by the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise questionnaire. Using only moderate and strenuous scores, those with a leisure score index≥24 were classified as active and those with a score≤23 were classified as insufficiently active. Maintaining a healthy weight was evaluated by the BMI and patients were categorized into: non-overweight/obese (BMI &amp;lt;25) and overweight/obese (BMI ≥25). HRQoL profile was assessed by the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses were used to investigate the associations of lifestyle behaviors and HRQoL. The summary score of the EORTC QLQ-C30 was used as outcome variable in regression analyses and the following covariates were considered: sex, age at study entry, time since AML diagnosis, ECOG performance status at diagnosis, education, living arrangements, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation history, being treated within a randomized controlled trial (RCT), and current comorbidity. Prevalence of clinically important problems and symptoms, by PA, was assessed based on recently developed thresholds for the EORTC QLQ-C30. Results Overall, 225 AML survivors with a median time from diagnosis to study entry of 8.8 years (IQR 6.4-11.9) were enrolled across 24 centers in 6 countries (Italy, France, Turkey, North Macedonia, Belgium, Slovenia). Median age at study entry was 58.0 years (IQR 47.3-66.9) and 119 (52.9%) were women. Overall, there were 165 (73.7%) patients who received at least one stem cell hematopoietic transplantation, and 70 (31.1%) patients treated in the setting of a RCT as first line therapy. One hundred ninety-five survivors (88.6%) reported at least one comorbidity and 103 (46.8%) reported four or more comorbidities. Overall, 74 (33.8%) patients were considered physically active, 121 (55.3%) were considered as overweight/obese, and 43 (19.8%) reported healthy eating habits. The majority of patients were non-smoker (n=184, 83.6%) and reported low alcohol consumption (n=209, 95.9%). In univariable analyses, no comorbidity (p=.046), no smoking habits (p=.035), higher level of education (p=.017), and being physically active (p&amp;lt;.001) were associated with a higher EORTC QLQ-C30 summary score. However, in multivariable analysis, only being physically active (p=.005) remained independently associated with a higher EORTC QLQ-C30 summary score. Marked differences were observed in the prevalence of clinically important functional problems and symptoms between the two groups. For example, the prevalence of patients reporting clinically important fatigue and dyspnea in patients who were physically active versus those who were not, was: 8.1% vs. 23.6% and 23% vs 43.1%, respectively. Likewise, patients who were physically active tended to report a lower prevalence of clinically important functional problems (Figure 1). Conclusion: We found an independent association between being physically active and reporting a better HRQoL profile in long-term survivors of AML. Our findings suggest that interventions aimed to increase PA in survivors of AML may be critical to improve their functional outcomes and reduce symptom burden.

Relationship between physical activity and coping with stress in people with multiple sclerosis: A moderated mediation model with self-efficacy and disability level as variables

PurposeAn increasing number of studies support the beneficial relationship between physical activity and stress coping in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). However, there has been limited understanding of the variables that may influence the nature of this relationship. Therefore, based on the social-cognitive framework and previous research, we aimed to examine the association between the habitual physical activity of people with MS and their coping effectiveness. Furthermore, we sought to determine the extent to which self-efficacy acts as a mediator in this relationship, considering the level of disability as a moderator variable. MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, a total of 351 people with MS participated. The participants were asked to complete several assessment tools, including the Mini-COPE Inventory for Measurement—Coping with Stress, the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire. Additionally, a neurologist assessed the severity of the disease using the Expanded Disability Status Scale. Information on the demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants was collected via a self-report survey. Two moderated mediation analyses were conducted as part of the study. ResultsThe study findings indicated a positive correlation between engagement in physical activity and self-efficacy among participants with high and medium disability levels. This, in turn, demonstrated a positive association with effective stress-coping strategies and a negative association with ineffective coping methods. In particular, a significant relationship was observed between involvement in physical activity and self-efficacy in participants with high disability, while it was not statistically significant in participants with low disability. ConclusionPhysical activity was associated with improved psychosocial functioning in people with high levels of disability caused by MS. This association may be attributed to factors such as increased self-efficacy and improved stress coping. However, the relationship between physical activity and psychosocial functioning was less evident in people with low disability caused by MS.

Widespread Pain With Nociplastic Features is an Independent Predictor of Low Physical Activity in People with Multiple Sclerosis

Exploring the relationship between underlying pain mechanisms and physical activity could inform interventions to optimize physical activity in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). This cross-sectional nationwide survey examined whether pain phenotype is a significant predictor of self-reported physical activity in PwMS. The study included 938 persons with a self-reported diagnosis of MS (93% reported neurologist-diagnosed MS) who completed surveys of demographic, clinical information, pain intensity, indicators of underlying pain mechanisms (Fibromyalgia Survey Criteria and painDETECT), and physical activity (Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire). Responses were used to categorize pain phenotypes as widespread pain with nociplastic features (WPNF), neuropathic, nociceptive, or mixed (neuropathic/WPNF). Following current physical activity guidelines, self-reported physical activity was categorized as active or insufficiently active/sedentary. Applying multivariable logistic regression, participants with no chronic pain had 2.30 higher odds of being physically active when compared to participants with chronic mixed pain. Similarly, participants with neuropathic and nociceptive pain had, respectively, 1.90 and 1.66 higher odds of being physically active compared to individuals with mixed pain. Higher scores on the fibromyalgia survey criteria (operationalized in this study as an indicator of WPNF) were a significant independent predictor of insufficient physical activity (OR = .93, P < .01). Findings indicate that experience and phenotype of chronic pain, in particular WPNF, are associated with physical inactivity in PwMS. This suggests that assessing pain phenotype may be important to identify individuals at risk of inadequate physical activity and may guide the tailoring of behavioral therapeutic approaches to help PwMS achieve the recommended level of physical activity. PerspectiveThis study examines the association between pain mechanism and physical activity in multiple sclerosis. These findings highlight the possibility that a basic screening for pain mechanism could offer clinically useful information without requiring extensive neurobiological phenotyping and may inform the development of behavioral interventions to enhance physical activity in multiple sclerosis.

Association of Possible Sarcopenia or Sarcopenia with Body Composition, Nutritional Intakes, Serum Vitamin D Levels, and Physical Activity among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Taiwan.

This study estimates the association between sarcopenia and blood biochemical parameters, nutritional intake, anthropometric measurements, physical performance, and physical activity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Participants were recruited from a primary care clinic in Kaohsiung City. According to the diagnosis criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) in 2019, 110 patients with T2DM (aged 50-80 years) were divided into three groups: non-sarcopenia (n = 38), possible sarcopenia (n = 31), and sarcopenia (n = 41). Blood samples were collected, and nutritional intake was evaluated by a registered dietitian. A food frequency questionnaire and a Godin leisure-time exercise questionnaire were used to assess their daily vitamin D intake and physical activity. There were significant differences in age, serum vitamin D levels, nutritional intake, anthropometric measurements, and physical performance between the three groups. In elderly patients with T2DM, reduced serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and daily energy intake were significantly associated with possible sarcopenia. Age, lower BMI, reduced serum 25(OH)D, and reduced dietary protein and vitamin D intake were significantly associated with sarcopenia. These findings may serve as the basis for intervention trials to reduce the prevalence of sarcopenia.

Physical Activity among Colorectal Cancer Patients and Survivors in Egypt.

Understanding physical activity (PA) levels is important when developing tertiary cancer prevention interventions, especially in Egypt where colorectal cancer (CRC) is more often diagnosed at later stages and at a younger age of onset (≤40 years). We assessed PA levels among CRC patients and survivors in Alexandria, Egypt. All participants completed two self-reported PA assessments: Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) and Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ). Participants could opt to wear an accelerometer for seven days. Results were compared against WHO recommendations of ≥150 minutes or ≥600 metabolic equivalents of tasks (METs) of moderate-to-vigorous PA weekly. Of 86 participants enrolled, all completed the surveys and 29 agreed to accelerometer use. Prevalence of meeting PA recommendations was 62.8% based on the GPAQ, 14.0% based on GLTEQ, and 41% based on accelerometer. Based on the GPAQ, very few respondents reported vigorous occupational, vigorous recreational, or moderate recreational activity (median = 0 with interquartile range [IQR] of 0 - 0 weekly minutes for all three) while most activity resulted from moderate occupational and transportation (median [IQR] of 60 [0-840] and 60 [0-187.5] weekly minutes, respectively). Participants meeting PA recommendations were less likely to be married (p = 0.043) according to GPAQ and more likely to be female (p=0.047) and early cancer stage (p=0.007) by GLTEQ. Non-leisure free-living PA is a major contributor to meeting PA recommendations while leisure-time PA is a potential target for future interventions that increase PA in this population.

Eating Patterns, Physical Activities with the Event of Obesity Based on Waist-Hip Circumstances Ratio

Obesity is a chronic health problem caused by various multifactorial factors, such as genetic factors, environmental factors, inappropriate eating behavior and low physical activity. The research aims to analyze the relationship between eating patterns and free time physical activity with the incidence of obesity based on the waist-hip circumference ratio in Jakarta Lantamal III Health Service personnel. The research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 66 subjects who met the inclusion criteria and agreed to informed consent underwent anthropometric measurements and filled out questionnaires. Dietary pattern data uses the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) form, leisure time physical activity data is taken using the Godin leisure time exercise questionnaire (GLTEQ). The data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. 54,5% of research subjects were obese, 63,6% of subjects had a good diet, and 56,1% of subjects rarely consumed food sources of fiber. and subjects with light leisure time physical activity category, namely 42,4%. It was found that 83,8% of research subjects who rarely consumed fiber had obese nutritional status and 96,4% of research subjects who had light free time physical activity had obese nutritional status. The results of bivariate statistical analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between the frequency of consumption of food sources of fiber and activity. physical leisure time with the incidence of obesity (p-value&lt;0,05). So, it can be concluded that low fiber consumption and reduced levels of physical activity can increase the incidence of obesity.