Goal Of Government Research Articles

Data governance challenges on smart home involving multiple research sites

Abstract Background The development of Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) technology has great potential for ubiquitous health monitoring through collaboration between multiple research sites, but its use poses significant challenges to data governance. This study aims to investigate data governance challenges arising when smart home data flows across different research sites. Methods A four-analytic-dimension method was used to identify potential data-related issues that may occur when heterogeneous smart home data moves around multiple research sites. These dimensions include data domain, stakeholders, value, and governance goal. Results Data domain has difficulty in categorizing new data types generated by analytical models without a specified agreement, and determining the regulations for varying levels of anonymization and privacy protection is unclear in the AAL research field. Stakeholders in the AAL project may hold have different norms and practices for data use. Although some common values may be shared, such as improving the quality of homecare, conflicts may still arise and need to be regulated by data governance. Shifting AAL data between stakeholders may reduce its value, as different stakeholders may have varying interests. For instance, removing identifiable information from data to preserve privacy may reduce its value for researchers exploring individuals’ activity patterns. Governance goals are objectives for maintaining and facilitating data. While some governance goals can be widely acknowledged and shared, such as ensuring data security and privacy, conflicts may still exist over others, such as data access. Conclusions The big data generated by smart home technology highlights the need to develop proper data governance models to regulate data. This study’s implications include a better understanding of potential data-related challenges when data flows around multiple research sites, helping policymakers set up suitable data governance models. Key messages • AAL tech for health monitoring poses data governance challenges due to varying stakeholder norms and values. • Proper data governance models need to be developed for AAL data as it remains challenges in data domain, stakeholders, value, and governance goal.

Strategies for achieving the sustainable development goals across the wine chain: a review

In the face of escalating climate change impacts, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set forth by the United Nations present a comprehensive blueprint for achieving a better and more sustainable future for all. The wine industry, with its extensive global reach and significant economic impact, holds a unique position to contribute toward these goals. This review examines how the wine industry can, directly and indirectly, support all 17 SDGs through a multidisciplinary approach, incorporating extensive literature analysis. The study explores the alignment of wine industry practices with the SDGs across three key pillars: social, environmental, and governance goals. Social initiatives focus on enhancing livelihoods, food security, fair and safe working conditions, inclusive and ethical development among the workers and communities, education, and economic growth. Environmental efforts emphasize reducing the industry’s carbon footprint, conserving water, improving water and energy use efficiency, improving grapevine resilience against adverse environmental conditions, minimizing pollution, protecting biodiversity, creating more sustainable cities, and promoting moderate wine consumption. Governance goals highlight the importance of regulatory frameworks, wine industry standards, and stakeholder engagement in promoting sustainable, responsible and ethical practices, contributing to effective partnerships and institutional capacity. Conclusions highlight the wine industry’s commitment to sustainability as a catalyst for positive change, demonstrating that profitability and environmental stewardship can coexist. Future perspectives call for enhanced collaboration, research, education, supportive policies, robust monitoring, and equality initiatives. By embracing sustainable practices, the wine industry can play a vital role in advancing the global agenda for a more equitable, resilient, and sustainable future.

Identifying Cultural Diplomacy and Sustainable Development in Sister Province Cooperation of Bali, Indonesia

While States have traditionally formed the focus of International Relations studies, the contributions of local government actors have become increasingly important in both influencing and responding to the forces of global politics, including in the Global South. In this vein, this preliminary study explores the practice of the local government in initiating sister province cooperation in Bali, Indonesia. This study uses three conceptual frameworks: paradiplomacy, sustainable development, and critical discourse analysis. Primary data were collected through interviews with relevant local government officials in Bali and secondary data were gathered from academic articles, official websites, and online news items. This paper identified two most prominent sectors of this cooperation, namely: tourism and culture. These two areas align with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). While clearly connected with governmental and international goals, challenges remain in implementing sister province cooperation, achieving continuity among the parties involved, and dealing with funding limitations.

Village Consultative Body's Contributions to Development in Balongdowo Village

Background: Village consultative bodies (BPD) play a vital role in promoting good governance at the local level. Specific Background: This study examines the implementation of BPD's roles in a specific village context, focusing on their effectiveness in enhancing transparency and participation. Knowledge Gap: Existing literature lacks exploration of the practical applications of BPD roles and their impact on governance across different regions. Aims: This research analyzes how BPD executes its responsibilities, emphasizing its regulatory functions. Results: Findings show that BPD effectively implements its regulatory roles, contributing to improved village governance through adherence to standard operating procedures (SOPs) and strong budgetary support from the local government. Novelty: This study highlights the collaboration between BPD and local government, providing a replicable model of good governance. Implications: The research emphasizes the need to strengthen BPD-local government relationships to enhance community welfare and suggests improving SOPs to achieve collective governance goals, contributing to the discourse on local governance effectiveness. Highlights : Effective Collaboration: Highlights the successful partnership between BPD and local government. Regulatory Functions: Emphasizes BPD's role in enhancing governance through established procedures. Community Impact: Illustrates the positive effects of BPD's actions on local welfare and development. Keywords: BPD, local governance, regulatory roles, community welfare, transparency

Recommendation for Self-Help Housing Stimulus Assistance (BSPS) Recipient Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making Methods

The Housing and Settlement Area Office aims to improve the accuracy and efficiency of selecting beneficiaries for the Self-Help Housing Assistance (BSPS) program by using the Weighted Product (WP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methods. This study was conducted in Sungkai Tengah Subdistrict, North Lampung, involving six criteria: land ownership, employment, house condition, income, independence, and household size.The WP method is used to determine the weight of each criterion by calculating the product of the criteria values raised to the power of their respective weights, which helps in ranking the alternatives. TOPSIS is applied to identify the best alternative by comparing the geometric distance of each option to the ideal solution, which is either the maximum or minimum value of each criterion The results indicate that the WP and TOPSIS methods can provide more objective and transparent rankings. The application of these methods resulted in the highest ranking for ID V3 with a vector V score of 0.1317. The decision support system developed from this research is expected to assist the Housing and Settlement Area Office in distributing aid more accurately, fairly, and efficiently, thereby supporting the government's goals in improving housing quality and spatial planning

Innovations of Express Companies: Adoption of Protective Wearable Artificial Intelligence Devices by Couriers

Providing couriers with wearable artificial intelligence devices to prevent accidents is not only beneficial to the courier’s safety but will also save money in terms of insurance premiums for express companies; therefore, it is worth investigating what factors can influence the acceptance of wearable artificial intelligence devices by couriers. Push–pull–mooring (PPM) theory and affective event theory (AET) are integrated, to test couriers’ adoption of wearable safety detection devices. Social influence, perceived security, personal innovativeness, and affective event reaction are applied to the research model. Questionnaires are distributed among several listed express companies and 263 valid questionnaires are used for empirical testing. Empirical results indicated that social influence, perceived safety, personal innovativeness and affective event reaction are positively related to usage with coefficients 0.218, 0.301, 0.698 and 0.309. Personal innovativeness has positive moderating effects on relationships between affective event reaction, perceived security and usage, with coefficients 0.145 and 0.106; however, it has no significant moderating effect on the relationship between social influence and usage. The research aims to help support the proliferation and adoption of wearable artificial intelligence devices to optimize the current state of the express industry and improve the interaction between couriers and managers, creating an active management strategy that will allow express companies to thrive. The study not only provides insights to help express companies reduce insurance costs, but also provides recommendations for accelerating the company’s environmental, social and governance goals, leading sustainable development and building new corporate value.

To rule or not to rule? The policy process of the excise tax on sugar-sweetened beverages in Indonesia

PurposeThe rising incidence of non-communicable diseases and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) consumption in Indonesia is a concern to the central government. However, the excise tax policy proposal for SSBs, introduced by the Minister of Finance in a 2020 meeting with the Parliament, remains unapproved until 2023. This study analyzes the process and factors influencing stakeholders in managing the implementation of the excise tax policy on SSBs in Indonesia.Design/methodology/approachThis research is based on Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Theory (MST), focusing on the problem, policy and politics streams. It employs a qualitative design and combines a literature review and in-depth interviews in data collection. Interviews were conducted with policymakers, civil servants, senior representatives from nongovernmental health and consumer organizations, trade associations and academics in nutrition, health and taxation.FindingsWe identified that policy entrepreneurs have not succeeded in aligning the policy with the ideology of decision-makers and broader government goals. Therefore, the Parliament has not ratified the SSB excise tax policy until 2023. The effectiveness of interventions is expected to be the primary driver of policy adoption. Despite the complexity of this policy process, we conclude that implementing some reinforcing strategies may be necessary to facilitate policy change. In the Indonesian context, other actors who proactively manage potential criticism from multiple stakeholders are needed. The power of the Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs is expected to navigate political complexities and interests among stakeholders. Support for adopting the SSB excise tax policy will likely rise when framing policy alternatives aligns with decision-makers values, involves coordination between ministries, and has a broad public appeal.Originality/valueDespite the constitutional mandate to regulate levies through legislation, there is no research on policy processes in Indonesia, specifically regarding levies and taxes. Examining the Indonesian institutional context in which a policy process takes place may improve the understanding of the many components of MST under unique conditions, providing insights into the specific factors that drive policy change in certain cases.

World-class education for the few: Analysing Japan’s designated national university corporation system policy discourse

This study explores the production, dissemination, and reception of the discourse of educational excellence and internationalisation in Japan’s Designated National University Corporation System. The study frames the policy initiative within the longstanding goals of the Japanese government and demonstrates how the work of Michel Foucault helps uncover the policy’s inherent power dynamics and ideological conflicts. The investigation operationalises Foucault’s theories with a framework to investigate the policy discourse, illuminating the central concern as global competitiveness and an imposition of rigorous criteria for designation. The analysis uncovers a coercive isomorphism, with universities replicating the government’s discourse. Furthermore, the focus on global competitiveness and rankings in the policy comes at the expense of facilitating other forms of internationalisation. More comprehensive reforms are recommended to foster authentic global engagement and inclusivity across a broader base of higher education institutions, rather than focussing on an increasingly thinner strata and the pursuit of global prestige.

Norwegian nursing students' experience of international clinical placement abroad: A qualitative study

BackgroundFor several years, the Norwegian government's goal has been that half of those who complete a degree in Norwegian higher education, should have had a study period abroad. This also applies to undergraduate nursing students. Nurse education programs in Norway often offer clinical practice abroad in order for their students to gain experience from another country's health care system. There is a knowledge gap in the literature on how Norwegian nursing students' experience their study period and internships abroad. ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to explore Norwegian undergraduate nursing students' experiences of their clinical practice abroad. DesignA descriptive and exploratory qualitative study. Setting and participantsNursing students were recruited from one specialized university in Norway.Nine students were interviewed. MethodThree focus groups were conducted via the online platform Zoom with nursing students who had their clinical practice abroad during their bachelor's degree. The interviews were conducted in June 2020. The collected data were analyzed using thematic reflective analysis inspired by Braun and Clarke. ResultsFour themes were developed from the analysis: 1) Motivation for studying abroad, 2) Professional and personal development, 3) Different nursing role and 4) Different supervisor role. ConclusionStudents provided valuable insight from their experiences of studying abroad. The study highlights that there were other learning opportunities abroad than in Norway, but that the learning approach was somehow different and that it made the students take more initiative thus becoming more independent. The nursing role was different from what they were used to in Norway. In general, the Norwegian students experienced the nurse role abroad as more medical oriented. In addition, in countries like India, Spain and Cuba the family was taking a greater part of the care of people's basic needs.

Pricing of sustainability-linked bonds

We examine the pricing of sustainability-linked bonds (SLBs), where the cash flows depend on the bond issuer achieving one or more Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) goals. Investors are willing to accept a 1–2bps lower yield due to the bond’s ESG label, providing evidence of investors caring about environmental impact. Furthermore, we find the average probability of missing the target is 14%–39% so firms set ESG targets that are easy to reach. We find that the SLB market is efficient: the prices of SLBs depend strongly on the size of the potential penalty and there is no evidence of mispricing. Finally, our results suggest that SLBs serve as financial hedges against ESG risk.

Entrepreneurial intentions and the role of educational and social support: do the self-efficacy and the theory of planned behavior variables matter?

Purpose The study aims to ascertain whether educational and social support for entrepreneurs significantly affects university students’ intentions to become successful entrepreneurs. This study examines the mediating role of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) variables (e.g. entrepreneurial personal attitude, subjective norms and entrepreneurial perceived behavioral control) and entrepreneurial self-efficacy in encouraging young entrepreneurs. Design/methodology/approach An online survey with a structured questionnaire collected data from different university students in Bangladesh; subsequently, it was analyzed through the structural equation model. Findings The results suggested that educational support has a direct positive relationship with the three variables of TPB. Moreover, the findings indicated that social support positively influences the variables of TPB, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intentions. The variables of TPB and entrepreneurial self-efficacy were found to have a significant direct impact on entrepreneurial intentions and also exhibited favorable mediating effects of educational and social support on entrepreneurial intentions. Research limitations/implications First, the study is only generalized to some sectors of entrepreneurship activities because the researchers used samples from university students across Bangladesh. Second, the implicit limitation of survey-based research is that respondents need to know more ways of understanding the questionnaires accurately, and some participants need to be taught how to answer the question items. Practical implications The main practical implication for the relationship between entrepreneurial intentions and educational support involves different entrepreneurial educational programs, which give rise to attitude, behavior, self-efficacy and intentions and enhance the student's awareness of advancing a successful entrepreneurial career. Social implications This study demonstrated that universities and social communities should promote the improvement of innovative thoughts for entrepreneurs and offer essential information about entrepreneurship. Originality/value Because entrepreneurial educational support is a crucial factor in entrepreneurial intentions, universities need to develop a practical education system that can help improve the skills required to start new ventures. The results will improve a new route to developing students’ entrepreneurial intentions using the variables of TPB and entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Subsequently, these research findings will help to achieve governmental goals and increase the number of startups in the future.

Justification of the Administrative Public Interest Litigation System for Personal Information Protection

There is controversy over whether the public interest litigation clause in Article 70 of the Personal Information Protection Law includes administrative public interest litigation. However, in practice, the administrative public interest litigation mechanism focused on personal information protection has already been explored in the practice of prosecutorial public interest litigation. From a theoretical perspective, administrative public interest litigation for personal information protection has its institutional value, reflected in preventive value, equitable value, and compensatory value. From a normative perspective, the administrative public interest litigation system can be connected with the elements of the Personal Information Protection Law in terms of subject qualifications, application areas, initiation, and procedures. Article 70 of the Personal Information Protection Law reserves institutional space for the operation of the administrative public interest litigation mechanism, which can include the administrative public interest litigation system. From a practical perspective, it is necessary to demonstrate the practical necessity of administrative public interest litigation for personal information protection by organizing existing practices. The advantages of administrative public interest litigation can be significantly utilized in prosecutorial public interest litigation involving personal information protection, which helps to achieve the public interest governance goals of personal information protection.

Understanding the Effect of Climate Risk on Banking Business—A Panel Data Analysis of Indian Firms

The enormous phenomenon of climate change, which is affecting many organisations of different sectors today, has a special impact on the financial sector in terms of credit risk. Awareness and action on environmental, social and governance (ESG) goals and climate change impacts have been rapidly increasing worldwide. In this article, we present a firm-level panel data analysis to link ESG ratings and CO2 emissions with the default risk and solvency position of selected companies. We perform various univariate and multivariate analyses on selected top Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) top 200 companies that have disclosures in Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) reports over 5 years (2017–2021). We find strong empirical evidence that a firm’s risk of default is linked to its environmental performance along with the level of carbon emission. Our findings will enable banks to establish a linkage between credit risk and climate change risk. This will assist banks as well as policymakers to adjust borrower-level ratings and align their lending and investments with net zero emissions. JEL Codes: G32, G33, Q2, Q5

THE APPRECIATION FOR THE POETS AND LITERARY WORKS OF ARABIC POETRY IN THE EARLY ISLAMIC ERA

This article aims to provide an answer to the accusations of those who accuse that Islam absolutely prohibits the chanting of literary works, especially Arabic poems, based on a misunderstanding of the Qur'anic verses 224-227 of Surah Assyu'aro, in addition to explaining how the development of Arabic poems in the early era of Islam and the attention given by the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) to Arab poets in the Islamic Era. The research contributes by clarifying misconceptions about the prohibition of poetry in Islam. The study provides a nuanced understanding of the role and acceptance of poems in early Islamic culture. This would include studying how their preferences and criticisms, particularly those related to poets like Zuhair bin Abi Sulma, influenced the literary landscape and aligned with the broader goals of Islamic governance and da'wah.

Analysis of government subsidy strategies for blockchain-enabled green supply chains under competition

This study uses game-theory to construct a dual-channel green supply chain consisting of a manufacturer, a blockchain-enabled platform, and a non-blockchain-enabled offline retailer, with the aim of comparing two government subsidy strategies: greenness investment cost subsidy and production subsidy, and exploring the impact of blockchain adoption. First, firms without government subsidy should adopt blockchain only when privacy costs are low. Both subsidy strategies can always motivate the manufacturer to increase greenness investment levels and achieve a triple-win situation. Second, when the government controls the greenness investment level, the demand, profits, and subsidy amount under cost subsidy are always lower than those under production subsidy. Third, when the government controls the subsidy amount, the greenness investment level under cost subsidy is always higher than that under production subsidy. The offline demand and retailer’s profit are higher under production subsidy, while the online demand and platform’s profit are higher under cost subsidy. The manufacturer’s profit is higher under cost subsidy only when the subsidy level is low. Additionally, regardless of governmental goals, the platform’s profit is always higher than the retailer’s profit, indicating that downstream firms under government subsidy should always adopt blockchain.

Scalability of CASCADE2001: Gis-Based Flood Risk Screening Tool to Support Watershed Master Planning

Flood risk analysis is the instrument by which floodplain and stormwater utility managers create a sound strategy and adaptation plans to reduce flood potential in their communities. As a result, there is a need to develop a flood risk screening tool to analyze watersheds and find vulnerable areas by leveraging the scientific and technological developments of the last decade to prioritize improvements. Because local municipalities are continuously challenged by the impacts of changes in precipitation and other climatic events, the screening tool needs to be scalable, while providing similar results of spatial inundation extent regardless of the scale. Likewise, the ability to perform this analysis without overwhelming limited modeling budgets is a goal for local governments who may spend large amounts of money on capital in the future to retrofit their stormwater management systems. The present study investigates the scalability of a GIS-based hydrologic-hydraulic model, CASCADE2001, to support development of watershed-based flood protection plans. The comparative analysis of the predicted flood response at three nested levels of scale were applied in south Florida to a 8-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC) level (the Caloosahatchee Watershed), a 12-digit HUC level (the Ninemile Canal Subwatershed within the Caloosahatchee Watershed), and a local municipal level (City of Clewiston, Florida within the Ninemile Canal subwatershed). The findings were that the model was scalable and the infrastructure that mattered with respect to results was driven by the scale.

Reforming Corporate Compliance Systems in China Under the New Company Law: Lessons from The United States and Japan

This article investigates the construction of an ideal compliance system under China’s new Company Law through a comparative legal analysis. It begins by identifying the existing challenges in China’s compliance framework, particularly the historical dominance of shareholder primacy and the uneven distribution of responsibilities under the previous Company Law. These issues have hindered the development of an effective compliance system, necessitating a reevaluation of corporate governance principles in China. The comparative analysis examines the compliance systems in the United States and Japan, focusing on the frameworks and key elements such as fiduciary duties and the application of the business judgment rule. The study highlights significant differences in how these jurisdictions handle compliance, providing insights into potential improvements for China’s system. This section underscores the importance of adapting international best practices to local contexts to enhance the effectiveness of corporate compliance in China. Finally, the article proposes a dual-level compliance concept tailored to China’s unique legal and corporate environment, integrating both private and public interests. It outlines specific compliance duties for directors, supervisors, and other compliance personnel, emphasizing the need for robust information transmission, whistleblower protections, and temporary management systems. The conclusion calls for a comprehensive and flexible compliance framework that not only ensures corporate profitability but also promotes broader societal welfare, aligning with the evolving goals of corporate governance in China. Keywords: Compliance System, Corporate Governance, Fiduciary Duties, Business Judgment Rule, New Company Law

Evaluation of the Stunting Reduction Acceleration Program in Kijang Kota Urban Village, East Bintan District 2019-2023

Reducing the number of stunting cases is currently one of the most important goals of the Indonesian government. This study aims to evaluate the accelerated stunting reduction program in reducing the prevalence of stunting in Kijang Kota Village, East Bintan District. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods, with data collection techniques of interviews, documentation, and observation with 11 (eleven) informants. The results of this study indicate that the input indicators have supported both human resources and technology, facilities and infrastructure are sufficient. Process indicators are not yet optimal in effectiveness and efficiency, it is not effective, there are still high numbers of stunting cases. Furthermore, the output indicator, KRS income has no effect in increasing income. As well as the outcomes indicator of the positive impact produced, providing growth and development of a healthy child's diet.

E-governance and integration in the European union

The research here presented aims to analyze the global impact of e-governance in the European Union. It focuses on the long-term development of the European Union following the spillover effect described by Neofunctionalism integration theory. Therefore, it explores the potential of e-government fostering the European integration to a new level thanks to the new digital possibilities. New information and communication technologies can make a significant contribution to the achievement of good governance goals. This EU “e-governance” can make public management more efficient and more effective and attract the loyalty of the participants to the European project. This research outlines the main contributions of e-governance in Europe: improving government processes (e-administration); connecting citizens (e-citizens and e-services); and building external interactions (e-society). Case studies are used to show that e-governance is a current, not just future, reality for developing countries and the European Union. E-governance requires a concrete roadmap for its development and this chapter focuses on the main steps required to implement an effective e-governance within the European Union.

Peculiarities of achieving the sustainable development goals in interaction wit private international law

Regrettably, the triple global catastrophe of pollution, natural loss, and climate change coexists with the global socioeconomic problems of poverty and inequality. Temperatures are increasing at an unprecedented rate; biodiversity is disappearing swiftly, with potentially dire consequences for all of us; and pollution is becoming a global issue, killing millions of people annually and continuing to worsen. There is no normative vacuum in which the 169 targets and 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were born or placed. They are based on international law and designed to be compliant with the commitments made in a number of soft law instruments and international agreements. There is, of course, a connection between international law and the SDGs. What kind of relationship do they have? How much and how may the SDGs and international law complement one another to improve systems integration .In an effort to leverage the relationship for global sustainability, this paper investigates these issues from two angles. First, do the SDGs play a key role in bringing together different international organizations to work toward the ultimate goal of sustainable development? Most international institutions function in relative isolation and may pursue conflicting interests since they are engrossed in their respective mandates and goals. Goal-setting, as a governance technique to prioritize, motivate, and provide direction, has been proposed by some observers as a way to improve the overall performance of current institutions in fostering sustainable development. Insofar as providing consistency to an otherwise divergent and even inconsistent set of institutional arrangements, how effective are the SDGs likely to be? Second, is it conceivable that international law will aid in the integrated implementation of the SDGs? The SDGs themselves have come under fire for lacking consistency, even though they pride themselves on being “integrated and indivisible. This is a problem since the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) experience has demonstrated that achieving these governance goals on their own could have unforeseen consequences. While certain MDG targets were achieved, the MDGs’ spirit was not. Then, despite its fragmented structure, how and to what degree may international law integrate the SDGs and aims and aid in the achievement of long-term sustainable development.