Gnoseological Aspects Research Articles

The epistemological aspect of conceptual sphere in the artistic world of A.P. Chekhov

The purpose of the study is to explore the gnoseological aspect of Anton Chekhov’s art world conceptual sphere, specifically the disconnect between reality and human perception. The research is grounded in theoretical works on the gnoseological nature of creativity and scientific works on Chekhov’s artistic philosophy. The literary analysis focuses on Chekhov’s works from the 1880s to 1890s. It is stated that Chekhov’s conceptosphere of fiction delves into the existential experiences of individuals, which can either reinforce or erode their belief in positive change of their destinies. The authors demonstrate that Chekhov skillfully portrays the scholastic consciousness imposed on individuals by society, as well as the consequences of erroneous consciousness resulting from dramatic circumstances and leading to fatal tragic consequences. Chekhov’s prose avoids excessive melodrama while maintaining an engaging narrative structure and style. It is revealed that the conceptosphere of Chekhov’s art world doesn’t contain the image of ideal hero, but is based on the position of gnoseological optimism, which lies in the fact that the world can still be cognized, and the discovery of its laws is an infinite trajectory of human knowledge.

Forming communicative competence in future specialists of the socio-economic sphere

This article explores the cultural tendencies of verbal etiquette among future professionals in the socio-economic field in the context of postmodern society during their professional training. The aim of the article is to investigate the formation peculiarities of communicative competence in education seekers of socio-economic professions regarding the development of speech culture related to the problem of verbal etiquette in postmodern society. The components of communicative competence in future professionals of the socio-economic field include subjective, praxeological, and gnoseological aspects, which are interdependent and contribute to the development of communicative interaction in their professional activities. The research was conducted within the educational process of higher education institutions, employing identical measurement techniques, time, and duration of training, which allowed for diagnosing the level of communicative competence of future professionals in the socio-economic field according to the criteria of speech culture. Communicative competence of future professionals in the socio-economic field is defined as the integration of scientific knowledge, intellectual and practical skills and abilities, virtual literacy in interpersonal interaction, competence in overcoming communication barriers, general culture, and personal qualities of education seekers capable of solving life-creative tasks.

Interpretation in theoretical chemistry (on the example of quantum chemistry and classical theory of structure

The subject of this research is the method of interpretation in theoretical chemistry as a combination of cognitive procedures and approaches on the example of interaction of the classical theory of structure and quantum chemistry within the framework of their history and logic of development. It is demonstrated that the process of interpretation encompasses several historical stages of the development of quantum chemistry, marking the transition from meaningful symbolic concepts of the theory of structure towards formal-logical quantum-chemical terms, and the reverse interaction of these theories – the implementation of the latter into the theory of structure. The interpretational method in quantum chemistry contributes to the construction of more complex mathematical schemes underlying the natural scientific content. Such schemes include various approximations and assumptions, as well as the elements of arbitrariness in selection of the mathematical schemes by the theoretician, which reduces the accuracy of explanations and predictions of quantum chemistry. The object of this research is the methodology of theoretical chemistry, in terms of which takes place the interaction between quantum chemistry and classical theory of structure, their cognitive abilities, structure and dynamics of theoretical knowledge. The novelty lies in the fact that the interpretation in natural sciences is yet to be fully research; the study of interpretation in the context of constructivist approach in the philosophy of science allows revealing the logical-methodological and gnoseological aspects of interpretation. The acquired results contribute to the methodology of chemistry, epistemology, and philosophy of science. It is concluded that the process of interpretation is the construction of more complex mathematical schemes, which leads to the gap between mathematical and natural scientific content of the concepts; between mathematical description, natural-scientific theoretical representations, and experiment. The gap is accompanied by origination of the new concepts of quantum chemistry as a result of integration of the various fields of knowledge and extinction of concepts of the classical theory of structure, as well as determination of the limits of mathematical method in chemistry.

Мера как философская категория в дискурсе онтологии

The purpose of the study is to identify the role of measure in ontology. The paper considers the semantic content of the category “measure” in the evolutionary and gnoseological aspects, defines the notion of “measure” on the basis of the natural-scientific interpretation, provides the most illustrative method for determining the scope of measure, examines the issue of the influence of measure on being as a process of interaction between systems. Scientific novelty lies in the interdisciplinary and comprehensive methods of considering the issue, which made it possible to specify the influence of measure on being as a process, special attention is paid to mechanisms of hermeneutic and systemic approaches. As a result of the study, the author has determined the relative subjectivity of the phenomenon of measure, the importance and necessity of understanding and applying measure in the process of being as an interaction between systems.

Ontological and gnoseological aspects of the Russian northern tradition

Ontological and gnoseological aspects of the Russian northern tradition

Category of evidence in the law system of modern Russia: epistemological and axiological aspects

The work is devoted to revealing the axiological and gnoseological aspects of the contents of the legal norms of the modern Russian procedural codes (criminal, civil and arbitral, as well as administrative offenses) containing the concept of evidence and proof. It is shown that objective (facts), subjective (sources) and procedural aspects of evidentiary legal norms have epistemological and axiological content. The latter is concentrated in the subjective and procedural aspect of the proof.

ФРАЗЕОСХЕМА КАК ОСОБЫЙ ФОРМАТ ЯЗЫКОВОГО ЗНАНИЯ

The article focuses on the theoretical and practical aspects of logical-semantic and grammatical-communicative division of the fixed phrase scheme structure. The authors argue that a fixed phrase scheme is dominated by a plan of content over the plan of expression, and therefore generally the gnoseological aspect prevails. The syntactic construction phraseologization expands its possibilities in cognitive and communicative aspects: the number of represented typical objective situations, typical sentence meanings, types of relations, and therefore systems of relations between minimal segments of thought increases. At the same time, the orientation of relations between minimal segments of thought becomes stable, which is due to the limited possibility of a fixed phrase scheme in terms of grammatical variation. The phraseologization degree determines the cognitive and communicative parameters of the fixed phrase scheme: the higher the phraseologization degree, the more significant is the influence of the gnoseological aspect; the lower, the more the influence of the ontological aspect is manifested. The phraseologization phenomenon determines the representation possibility of a wider knowledge format that the fixed phrase scheme possesses in comparison with a free syntactic construction. Thus, in the fixed phrase scheme sphere, there is a different correlation between the linguistic knowledge format and the form of this knowledge representation at the language level. All this allows us to consider the fixed phrase scheme as a particular format of linguistic knowledge.

ABOUT A SOUL, PLEASANT AND UNPLEASANT, AND ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF PHILOSOPHY FOR SCIENCE

In this article it is said about an importance of philosophy for science, it is made an accent the problems, concerned with the rise of a distance betweenmodern science and philosophy. In this article it is also made an analysis of the importance of emotions of human and it is proposed a new concept andparadigm of human for the further use in the science, including natural science through its gnoseological aspects. We are saying, that modern science,particularly the paradigm of human should be reconsidered, we should do it first of all in philosophy and further in science. The thing is, for somereason in the science it was left outdated paradigm of human, besides it, in the philosophy itself should be made considerable additions in this case. Inthis article there is also a critics of some more-or-less modern approaches, nevertheless, the main subject of this article is our own workouts on thesubject of paradigm of a human in the philosophy, their presentations and proving. It means that we suggest new concept on which we are working atthe present and we want to present it from the point of modern science and besides as it was told to look at the situation, which we have in modernscience. We will apply for the work of Delgado “The brain and the consciousness”, that by the way is the scientifical work on the junction of sciencesand we will see what is happening in modern sciences about human. The question about a human, as many anthropologists say – is one of the mostimportant questions for the human and here we consider not only human, but liven soul in general with him. Of course it will be made the analysis ofexisting paradigm of science and there will be shown its limitations. And besides it, in this article there will be again set out the fundamental view ofGerman Classical philosophy about the strong need of the return of philosophy to the bosom of modern science.

The Structure of International Legal Reality: Ontological and Gnoseological Aspects

The purpose of the author of the article is to study the structure of international legal reality as a subject of philosophical reflection, in particular, ontology and gnoseology of international law. The author proposes the concept of a three-dimensional methodological approach, which includes international legal normology, personology and communicationology. International legal normology regards international law as a system of legal norms, which is a traditional approach in legal science. However, this tendency leaves beyond the scientific attention a range of phenomena concerning subjects of international law and international legal relations. It is proposed to supplement this one-dimensional normative approach to the international legal reality by personative and communicative components. International legal personology has as its object the international law by the point of view of its subjects. In the scope of international legal personology, it is possible to distinguish anthropology (studies the international legal personality of natural persons), corporatology (examines the international legal personality of legal entities), and cratology (explores the international legal personality of sovereign entities). In this context, particular attention should be paid to the discussions of the international legal personality of a natural person. International legal communicationology regards international law as a system of international legal relations. At the same time, three methodological approaches do not oppose but complement each other. In order to describe personative and communicative elements of international legal reality, the author proposes a relevant conceptual framework.

The Gnoseological Nature of Investigation and Identification Activities

The article examines the gnoseological nature of investigation and identification work. The authors perform the retrospective analysis of research in this sphere — from the sources of the criminalistic theory of investigation (1920s) to the research carried out by contemporary specialists in operative investigation theory, and use the results of this analysis to outline a complex of problems connected with the search for different categories of missing persons, the identification of persons and unidentified bodies, all studied from the standpoint of coordinating legal norms that regulate the operative investigation activities. The authors establish a correlation between the structure of opinions and views existing within the investigation and identification trends and draw some conclusions that could give the most precise answers to the unsolved problems regarding the approaches to the analyzed activity and its logical contents. The authors note that in recent years the structure of law enforcement bodies changed and they acquired additional responsibilities that are also included in the investigation and identification activities, so it became relevant to conduct research analysis and monitoring of the condition of the above-mentioned sphere of activities. Besides, the authors draw attention to the fact that the operative investigation doctrine does not offer any theoretical solutions to the analyzed problems and present not only such solutions, but also some ideas that are revolutionary for this kind of research, for example, the independence of investigation and identification activity from the operational investigation activity. Based on this study, the authors formulate the notion of investigation and identification activity and conclude that this activity has some specific features. In the gnoseological aspect, the activity of internal affairs bodies is viewed as a kind of cognition of those events in the world that present some interest and are relevant to the soonest solution of the problems and reaching the goals of investigation and identification. From this viewpoint, the investigation and identification activities are characterized by all the regularities typical of any cognitive activities, including the general philosophic regularities of studying the environment, viewing the human being as an object or a subject of investigation and identification activities, studying his thinking and behavior, as well as the cognition process itself. The authors also present the operational investigation description of the analyzed activities.

ОНТОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ И ГНОСЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ КОНЦЕПЦИИ «ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОГО» К. ШМИТТА В УСЛОВИЯХ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ГЛОБАЛИЗМА

The article is devoted to the study of the ontological and gnoseological aspects of the concept “political”, which received the greatest development in the political philosopher C. Schmitt’s works. Considering, first of all, the normative-institutional aspect of the conception under study, the author attempts to analyse modern multipolar political reality from the perspective of the explanatory model of the political by C. Schmitt. In addition to a high gnoseological potential, the topicality of turning to C. Schmitt’s works is also caused by the tendency to return to the institutional constructs of the classical period at the moment of disappointment over post-structuralist discourse that is not capable of creating effective theoretical models.

The Gnoseological Aspects of Innovative Management of Enterprises Development

The Gnoseological Aspects of Innovative Management of Enterprises Development

Historical-Sociological Notes on “Foreword” written by Pitirim A. Sorokin to F. Tönnies’ “Community and Society”

This article presents an introduction to the publication of “Foreword” (1940) — prepared by P.A. Sorokin (1889–1968), a Russian and American sociologist — for the first American edition of “Community and Society” (1887) by F. Tönnies (1855‒1936), a German sociologist. “Foreword” is examined as a standalone theoretical piece in order to complete the historical-sociological facts and circumstances of its creation and publication, the ideological connections of the text in question with any other theories, and above all — with the sociology created by F. Tönnies. In “Foreword”, which is filled with references to ideas by major representatives of Chinese, European and Arab cultures and to the social values in their ideological heritage, P.A. Sorokin established the universal character of the social organization types introduced by F. Tönnies — “community and society” (“Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft” in German) — and stated his ideological affiliation to this dichotomy. Thus, the project for the theory of society and social evolution by P.A. Sorokin has been shown to cover both social forms introduced by F. Tönnies. The identified social values, which constitute an independent foundation for Sorokin’s theory of society and social evolution, help in developing the gnoseological aspect of his sociology. The writing of F. Tönnies, as well as P.A. Sorokin’s “Foreword”, defined their era. They include multiple points for incorporating new ideas in order to expand and evolve the theory of modern society.

EVALUATION OF THE HUMAN BIOELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD IN MEDICINE: THE DEVELOPMENT OF METHODOLOGY AND PROSPECTS ARE AT THE PRESENT SCIENTIFIC STAGE

Introduction: The authors focus on the unresolved problem of NCDs and on the relevance of further scientific research in accordance with the current physics-biological level of knowledge about the structure and functioning of the human body. In the course, emphasis is placed on the need for further study of methods for assessing the bioelectromagnetic field of the human body as a potential "tool" for a possible solution of the NCD problem in the framework of system medicine. The aim is to assess the level of development of the methodology and substantiate the scientific feasibility of further exploring the possibilities of the clinical application of these methods for assessing the bioelectromagnetic field of the human body in the algorithms for examining and managing patients with NCDs to study valeological status and objective monitoring of physical phenomena in the clinic of internal diseases. Materials and methods: The analysis of the literature data was carried out in the course of a search study of methods for the rapid assessment of valeological status as a fragment of the initiative research project "Development of algorithms and technology for introducing a healthy lifestyle in patients with non-communicable diseases based on the study of psycho-emotional status" (State registration No. 0116U007798, UDC 613:616-052:159.942:616-03). Review: The gnoseological aspect of the development of the methodology for assessing the bioelectric and biomagnetic fields of the human body is described in the article. The conditional time stages of the methodology are highlighted and characterized in it. It was proposed to distinguish between periods: 1) cumulative (XIII-XVIII centuries), 2) cumulative-dynamic (XII-XX centuries), 3) modern (XXI century) 4) modern (prospective). Questions of the feasibility of further research assessing the bioelectromagnetic field of the human body are discussed. Conclusions: 1. The above gnoseological aspect of the 700-year-old methodology for studying the bioelectromagnetic field of a human body demonstrates a staged evolution of its development, the presence of a significant amount of cumulated scientific information, which requires rethinking as part of system medicine. This convinces us of the existence of a tendency of inevitable approaching the final stage of knowledge of the human bioelectromagnetic field with the widespread introduction of these techniques into the practical public health of the world. 2. The accumulated layer of scientific knowledge about the bioelectromagnetic component of the human body requires integration into fundamental medicine, transformation of the modern paradigm by creating a bioelectromagnetic-chemical concept of the exchange of matter and energy in the human body. 3. Further research on the assessment of the bioelectromagnetic field is relevant and can contribute to solving the NCD problem both at a fundamental level within the framework of system medicine and by optimizing the diagnostic assessment in patient management algorithms during diagnosis, treatment, primary and secondary prevention.

Podcast: a view through the prism of social philosophy

The podcast is a digital product of human activity, which fulfills a function of comprehension of being at the level of meanings, values, images, norms, and goals. It reflects the peculiarities of language and speech, consciousness and thinking of a person of a specific sociocultural tradition. The main underlying idea of this paper can be put as follows: covering various aspects of human life, it does not only describe the society but also gives an appreciation, promotes an understanding of the social processes of our time. The purpose of the paper is to examine the holistic essence of podcast’s being as a phenomenon, to reveal the tendencies of its functioning in the World Wide Web, its role in society and information processes. The methodological basis for this study was the general scientific methods of empirical and theoretical generalization, induction and synthesis, the sociocultural method, the method of comparative analysis. In order to study podcasts’ content, the contentanalysis method was also used. Podcast resources in the web were the empirical basis of this research. The achievement of this goal required solving a number of research tasks, such as: to reveal characteristic features of podcasts on the basis of their content analysis; to consider their ontological, epistemological foundations and social functions; to specify the place and the role of podcasts in society. The use of these methods made possible not only to describe and study podcasts with considering a wide range of their sociocultural meanings and subtexts but to consider their philosophical foundations, their social functions, and gnoseological aspects. The podcast was considered as a human activity in understanding the surrounding world. The content analysis of various podcast resources in the network gives grounds to suggest that in the socio-cultural plan, the podcast is an objectified result of man’s mastering and understanding of the world, a modus by which a person seeks to «denote oneself», and reproduces oneself in the integrity of one’s natural, linguistic, social, and cultural life. Among basic social functions of podcasts, the informative, cognitive, communicative, socializing, and compensatory could be named. The ontological basis of a podcast is communication, a dialogue, and people collective communication in the network, regardless of geographical and social boundaries. Further, the effectiveness and success of a podcast’s existence and functioning in the web are determined by its content, and therefore its influence, both on the individual and on society as a whole. The scientific novelty of this study consists in applying an integrated, interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of this phenomenon, and the replenishment of knowledge about current trends in its use. Finally, the analysis of podcasts existence in the web, based on their content and characteristics, allowed the author to come to the following conclusions: the podcast reflects the system of social norms, spiritual values, cultural realities, and people’s attitude to the surrounding world and to each other. In a functional aspect, a podcast is a digital «carrier», a means for storing and transmitting information, knowledge and experience, an intermediary, and a way of communication. Podcasts role is unique in various spheres (media, educational, scientific, and political)

ONTOLOGY OF THE TERM "PRINCIPLE OF COMPATIBILITY" IN RESTORATION DESIGNING

The article raises the question of the relevance of the terminological base of modern restoration design. As an example, the terms "compatibility" and "compatibility principle" are considered, their conceptual spaces are designated, the essence of the application of these terms is disclosed. The ontological and gnoseological aspects of the concept of "compatibility" are designated as the fundamental principle of restoration design on the basis of an analysis of the basic terminological definitions, derived from dictionaries, textbooks and scientific literature. Based on the analysis of linguistic differences of the concept of "compatibility" in Russian, English and Italian, the essential differences in the use of this term are revealed, as well as in the implementation of the "compatibility principle" in the restoration of architectural monuments. The problem of understanding the term "compatibility", depending on the country and language, on which the term is interpreted, is considered. The article suggests a new definition of the concept of "compatibility", recommended for inclusion in the vocabulary of the restorer-designer.

Структура герменевтического акта: гносеологический аспект

Структура герменевтического акта: гносеологический аспект

Ethno-confessional neotraditionalism in a globalized world: Search for basis of identification = Neotradicionalismo etnoconfesional en un mundo globalizado: búsqueda de base de la identificación

The article focuses on Tengrism as one of worldview and religious bases for the development of Eurasian peoples. It deals with historical, ontological, and gnoseological aspects of Tengrist worldview in relation to current scientific and humanitarian conceptions.

THE SEMANTIC DIMENSION OF LEGAL LIFE: EPISTEMOLOGICAL ASPECT

The article is devoted to gnoseological aspect of life in framework of phenomenology. The author draws attention: phenomenology understands right as horizon of life-world. Phenomenological methodology involves immersion in depreciating a given life-world, and then climbing to right horizon, with a gradual allocation of corresponding ontological forms and structures. The expression of process of ascension to possible horizons of law is concept of legal life, which involves description of its forms and content as from... to.... The author proves assumption that semantic characteristics of life-world set context of integrative interpretation of law, purpose of which is understanding meaning of rights contained in structures of consciousness. This approach to interpretation of concept of life gives you opportunity to specify its content through following conceptual dimensions: 1) the life is real world of law: meaning of law will be defined as vital practical modus activity and context of all communications from regulatory due to daily contacts to interactions, regulated by state; 2) the life is lost Foundation of Sciences of law: life is conceived as world of prescientific experience, in which legal, life is a process of accumulation, institutionalization, and symbolization of socially significant meanings to which people are guided in their daily activities; 3) legal life always precedes scientific and practical development of law: intrinsic value of rights is due to ability of an entity to formation of ideas about normal life; 4) the life is space obvious statements about law: meaning of law consists in consciousness and articulation of entity, its presence in processes, and familiarity and accessibility of entities involve allocation of these standards, norms, patterns of behavior, sustained reactions to recurring situations; 5) the life is an actual right: sense of active presence of law suggests that subject is included in right, he mastered it and almost acts or omissions in accordance with law involved in their creation, understands law as a value and a form of social consciousness. Thus, in epistemological aspect of life can be defined as a form of potential semantic content rights that are realized in activities of an entity, relevant forms of justice and which is primary in relation to theoretical claims on right.

Системное описание страха смерти

The paper presents a systemic description of the fear of death incorporating the following five basic aspects of its study in psychology: anthropologic, gnoseological, axiological, praxeological and ontological. Content analysis of each aspect is built upon theoretical research. Thus, the anthropological aspect is reviewed through the prism of various studies on the differences in experiencing the fear of dying throughout the history of mankind and throughout an individual's life. The gnoseological aspect is revealed through the issues of bio¬logical and social determination of the fear of death realized in explorations of its conscious and subconscious components explored in psychology. The axiological aspect is considered through its orientation (internal and external) and content components reflecting the basic values of an individual that are either destroyed or created by the idea of death. The praxeological aspect represents ways of coping with the fear of death, including various defence mechanisms. The ontological aspect is regarded as the integral one depicting the role of the fear of death in human development and its contributions to the formation of personality.