Glutathione S-transferase In Group Research Articles

409 POSTER A probiotic strain of enterecoccus faecium CRL183 reduces DMH-induced large intestinal tumors in male Wistar rats

Radiation-induced acute intestinal injury after abdominal irradiation is a common and serious problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp bulgaricus B3 on the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phoshate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase glutathione-S-transferase (GST) after abdominal radiotherapy. Rats were administered L delbrueckii subsp bulgaricus B3, isolated from yoghurt, in a probiotic solution (2 mL) containing 1010 CFU/mL by orogastric route using a feeding canula. Rats in group 1 (control) were not irradiated but received the probiotic solution. The remaining rats were subjected to a single dose of 11 Gy of γ radiation to the abdominopelvic area and further divided into 2 groups. Group 2 received the probiotic and group 3 received a placebo for 7 days after irradiation. On day 8, rats were euthanized. Effects of the probiotic on the activities of the antioxidant enzymes were examined in segments of jejunum, ileum, and colon. Radiotherapy significantly increased the activity of the jejunum GST in group 3 (P = .038), but the GST activity in group 2 was similar to that in group 1. The G-6-PD activity showed a significant increase in jejunum of group 3 (P = .048) compared with the control group. The G-6-PD activity in the ileum was increased in both groups 2 and 3 compared with the control (P = .005). There was no difference in glutathione reductase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activity in any of the intestinal segments between the groups. Although the pathogenesis of radiation enteritis is not clear, recent experimental studies suggest that the mechanism involves mucosal damage due to toxic oxygen radicals. These results support the idea that probiotics possess protective effects in radiation-induced intestinal injury possibly by preventing or limiting oxidative stress.

Protective effects of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp bulgaricus B3 on intestinal enzyme activities after abdominal irradiation in rats

Radiation-induced acute intestinal injury after abdominal irradiation is a common and serious problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp bulgaricus B3 on the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phoshate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase glutathione- S -transferase (GST) after abdominal radiotherapy. Rats were administered L delbrueckii subsp bulgaricus B3, isolated from yoghurt, in a probiotic solution (2 mL) containing 10 10 CFU/mL by orogastric route using a feeding canula. Rats in group 1 (control) were not irradiated but received the probiotic solution. The remaining rats were subjected to a single dose of 11 Gy of γ radiation to the abdominopelvic area and further divided into 2 groups. Group 2 received the probiotic and group 3 received a placebo for 7 days after irradiation. On day 8, rats were euthanized. Effects of the probiotic on the activities of the antioxidant enzymes were examined in segments of jejunum, ileum, and colon. Radiotherapy significantly increased the activity of the jejunum GST in group 3 ( P = .038), but the GST activity in group 2 was similar to that in group 1. The G-6-PD activity showed a significant increase in jejunum of group 3 ( P = .048) compared with the control group. The G-6-PD activity in the ileum was increased in both groups 2 and 3 compared with the control ( P = .005). There was no difference in glutathione reductase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activity in any of the intestinal segments between the groups. Although the pathogenesis of radiation enteritis is not clear, recent experimental studies suggest that the mechanism involves mucosal damage due to toxic oxygen radicals. These results support the idea that probiotics possess protective effects in radiation-induced intestinal injury possibly by preventing or limiting oxidative stress.

The Effects of Vigabatrin on Rat Liver Antioxidant Status

The anti-epileptic drug vigabatrin was developed as an inhibitor of gamma-aminobutyric acid transaminase, and its ability to increase inhibition in the central nervous system led to its testing in an animal model. In animal models chronic use of vigabatrin is associated with irreversible myelin vacuolation. Antioxidant drugs change the antioxidant capacity of the body. Oxidative stress of the body increased when valproic acid and carbamazepine were used chronically. To assess whether vigabatrin may affect protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) levels were studied in the livers of 57 rat fetuses after administration of vigabatrin to the mothers (19 in the first week of pregnancy, 20 in the second week, and 18 in the third week) and in 19 control rat fetuses without vigabatrin. We compared the results of administration of vigabatrin in each group with the controls. Rat fetus protein oxidation in group I (0.686 nmol/mg protein) and group II (0.723 nmol/mg protein) was higher than in the control group (0.388 nmol/mg protein). Lipid peroxidation (0.209, 0.224, 0.253 nmol/mg protein, respectively) and GPx levels (345.4, 329.0, 283.2 nmol/mg protein, respectively) of groups I, II, and III were higher than in the control group (0.104, 167.2 nmol/mg protein, respectively). GST in group II (79.2 nmol/mg protein) and group III (77.8 nmol/mg protein) were not different from that in the control group (78 nmol/mg protein). It was found that vigabatrin affected all the parameters that were studied, especially in group I, which was given the drug in the first week of pregnancy.

Subclinical hepatic dysfunction in laparoscopic cholecystectomy and laparoscopic colectomy

Laparoscopic surgery causes a reduction in hepatic blood flow due to a number of factors, including raised intra-abdominal pressure, the neurohumoral response to surgical stress and the effect of patient position. The clinical significance of the phenomenon is not fully understood. Plasma concentrations of alcohol dehydrogenase (AD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST), which are concentrated in the centrilobular acinus of the liver, sensitively reflect hepatic hypoperfusion, and can be used to monitor reductions in hepatic blood flow. We compared perioperative AD, GST, aspartate aminotransferase (AST, normal range 14-32 IU litre(-1)) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT, normal range 8-41 U litre(-1)) concentrations in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy or laparoscopic colectomy to study how patient position and surgical manipulation of the liver affect hepatocellular integrity during laparoscopy. There were significant postoperative increases in AD and GST in the cholecystectomy group [mean (SD) peak concentration 10.8 (4.7) U litre(-1) and 113 (55) microg litre(-1) respectively]. Although the duration of pneumoperitoneum was longer in the colectomy group, there were no comparable perioperative increases in AD and GST in this group [peak concentration 4.0 (4.0) U litre(-1) and 33 (35) microg litre(-1) respectively]. AST and ALT on the first postoperative day were significantly higher in the laparoscopic cholecystectomy group (41 and 34 U litre(-1) respectively) than in the laparoscopic colectomy group (24 and 18 U litre(-1); P<0.05 for each). These results indicate that patient position and the effects of surgical manipulation of the liver affect perioperative hepatic perfusion significantly.