Global Script Research Articles

Comparing two transfer spaces over time and against a global script: the case of school-autonomy-with-accountability

ABSTRACT The study compares the selective adoption of the global school-autonomy-with-accountability (SAWA) reform in two cantons of Switzerland (Zurich and St. Gallen) over the period 1995–2015. The authors dissect the SAWA reform into three aspects: its theory of change, its bundle of policies, and its preferred policy instruments to achieve and sustain change. Methodologically, the study draws on a database of over 1,200 policy-relevant documents and expert interviews related to the so-called ‘outcomes-oriented school reform’ (German: wirkungsorientierte Schulreform) or SAWA, respectively. In an endeavor to advance research on policy borrowing, the authors propose a distinction between six temporal features of policy transfer: time, timing, tempo, lifespan, age, and sequence. They find that SAWA’s neoliberal theory of change was not adopted. However, select policies and instruments were transferred and translated into the Swiss context. Furthermore, some policies expanded over time (standardized testing), some were dropped after a while (performance pay), some were kept on the books but, with age, hollowed out over time (external evaluation), and some were long-lived and were institutionalized (professional school management).

Verborgene Transformation des autoritären Regionalismus: Biografien der Beamt*innen als Abbildung der Funktionen der Organisationen

AbstractAuthoritarian regionalism constitutes a challenging topic for empirical research due to a substantial gap between official mandates and the actual practices of regional organizations (ROs). While formally most authoritarian ROs “download” the global script of regionalism and imitate the European Union, in practice, they are used by their member states for different purposes than economic integration—in particular, to legitimize the nondemocratic regimes. At the same time, there are also examples of authoritarian ROs that go beyond simple autocracy-sustaining rhetoric and have actual policy implications. This paper argues that the differences between authoritarian ROs can be better observed if one looks not at the official mandates but at the background of their key officials. Using the case of post-Soviet Eurasia with its proliferation of authoritarian ROs, I show that a look at the biographies of officials clearly reveals the existence of two generations of ROs—one with primarily symbolic importance and one with actual economic integration ambitions.

Learning from the European Union? Eurasian Regionalism and the "Global Script"

Even from the cursory observation, the Eurasian Economic Union appears to be a good example of what is frequently referred to in the comparative regionalism research as diffusion of theEU model - many specific institutional solutions and, more generally, the fundamental agenda and the design of the EAEU are inspired by the EU experience. This article asks two questions: first, how can we explain the diffusion of the EU model in case of Eurasia, and second, which consequences does the diffusion have for the relations between the EAEU and the EU, as well as the EAEU and the Asian integration projects (like the Belt and Road Initiative). Our conclusions are paradoxical: we show that the standard arguments of the diffusion literature show limited empirical validity in the Eurasian case; and that the institutional similarity between the EU and the EAEU makes the interaction of these two organizations more, and not less difficult.

The roads of ‘excellence’ in Central and Eastern Europe

The aim of the article is to explore the impact of excellence as a powerful policy idea in the context of recent and contemporary developments in three selected Central and Eastern European countries, namely, the Czech Republic, Poland and Ukraine. More specifically, we explore how excellence as a ‘global script’ was translated by policy makers into local contexts with institutionalized practices. It shows that the translation of the idea of excellence involved the rise of a series of novel policy measures such as long-term strategic funding and the establishment of various pertinent schemes (e.g. flagship universities, centres of excellence). By doing so, the analysis – which is comparative by nature – focuses on exploring major differences and similarities in the conceptualization and implementation of the idea of excellence in the three local contexts of science.

Design of Automatic Output of Carbon Electrode Processing System Testing Tag Based on WinCC

For a long time, the parameters of carbon electrode product are obtained by manual testing record which filled in the labels. This paper introduces the function of Global Script and User Archive in WinCC, which achieves printing labels automatically on the test data obtained from the processing of carbon electrode’s automatic process system. Avoid some mistakes caused by manual detection, the data storage and data query in WinCC are very convenient.

Managing the International Migration of Health Workers: The Development of the WHO Code of Practice

In the context of a global shortage of health workers, policy-makers have become aware of the international migration of health personnel and the consequences of their recruitment for their countries of origin. In May 2010, the World Health Assembly, as the decision-making body of the World Health Organisation, adopted a non-binding Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel that embodies a new global script for the migration of health workers. This article aims, first, to understand how the phenomenon of health worker migration has established itself as an issue that, countries and their governments feel compelled to address. It is argued that the emergence of this issue is a result of new ideologies in the fields of both international health and international migration. The main observation here is about the growing importance of a discourse that asks for the interests of non-citizens to be taken into consideration; this appeal is based primarily on the recognition that national health systems are interconnected. Second, this article concentrates on the situation in Switzerland in order to understand how the particular views promoted on the international scene actually affect and translate into national policies.