Global Reach Research Articles

Developing a Bookless Library for Enhanced Literacy in Islamic Boarding Schools

Abstract: The 4.0 industrial revolution compels educational institutions, including Islamic boarding schools, to adopt advanced digital library services for enhanced literacy. General Background: Many libraries, such as that of Al Fattah Islamic Boarding School in Sidoarjo, still depend on physical books and lack accreditation, resulting in outdated collections. Specific Background: There is a significant gap in structured digital library frameworks that provide extensive access to both general and Islamic literature. Aims: This study aims to develop a school development plan for a Bookless Library that enhances digital literacy. Results: Employing a Research and Development (R&D) approach, the study outlines a five-year strategic plan for implementing a digital library, utilizing QR codes for quick access to resources. Novelty: It proposes a global access model for the Bookless Library, allowing users beyond the server's immediate area to engage with digital resources. Implications: The expected outcome is a dynamic learning environment that promotes literacy and positions Al Fattah Islamic Boarding School competitively in a technology-driven educational landscape. Highlights: Technological Adaptation: The implementation of digital libraries addresses the evolving needs of students in the 4.0 industrial revolution. Resource Accessibility: QR codes facilitate instant access to a vast array of digital resources, enhancing learning opportunities. Global Reach: The proposed Bookless Library model allows users beyond local boundaries to engage with diverse literature. Keywords: Digital Library, Bookless Library, Islamic Boarding School, Literacy Enhancement, Research and Development

The Global Reach of a Regional Journal: A Look at Who is Reading the Southeastern Geographer

The Global Reach of a Regional Journal: A Look at Who is Reading the Southeastern Geographer

Maura Lyons. Review of "The Forest: A Fable of America in the 1830s" by Alexander Nemerov and "Painting the Inhabited Landscape: Fitz H. Lane and the Global Reach of Antebellum America" by Margaretta M. Lovell.

Maura Lyons. Review of "The Forest: A Fable of America in the 1830s" by Alexander Nemerov and "Painting the Inhabited Landscape: Fitz H. Lane and the Global Reach of Antebellum America" by Margaretta M. Lovell.

Hardware Standardization and State-Socialist Piracy: The Global Reach of the Zilog Z80

Hardware Standardization and State-Socialist Piracy: The Global Reach of the Zilog Z80

The Brussels Side-Effect: How the AI Act Can Reduce the Global Reach of EU Policy

Abstract Over the last few years, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have become embedded in various domains of social life, prompting legislative efforts at both national and international levels. In the European Union (EU), this drive for legislation has been reflected in various legal instruments, notably the proposed AI Act, which is expected to become a global standard through the “Brussels Effect.” This Article argues that while the AI Act will likely produce a Brussels Effect of its own, such an outcome will be accompanied by a side effect that undermines the EU’s ambition to spread legislative text and values in AI governance. Since the AI Act follows EU product safety legislation, its provisions supply limited protection to some of the values the EU policy intends to protect, such as the protection of fundamental rights. These shortcomings are compounded by the EU’s active efforts to shape alternative instruments, such as the Council of Europe’s proposed convention on AI along the lines of the AI Act. As a result, the diffusion of the AI Act as a global standard will have consequences for the EU policy agenda on AI and the conceptualization of the Brussels Effect.

A Multi-Objective Approach Optimizing Pharmacy Industry Decisions through MOORA Method

The pharmacy industry, a crucial pillar of the healthcare sector, encompasses the discovery, development, production, distribution, and sale of pharmaceutical drugs and medications. With an intricate interplay of scientific innovation, medical expertise, and commercial activities, this industry plays an indispensable role in safeguarding and improving human health. From the inception of groundbreaking drugs to their widespread distribution, the pharmacy industry integrates various stakeholders, including pharmaceutical companies, researchers, healthcare professionals, regulators, and consumers. It strives to address a wide spectrum of health conditions, from acute ailments to chronic diseases, by developing innovative treatments, generic medicines, and over-the-counter drugs. The pharmacy industry's evolution has been marked by technological advancements, research breakthroughs, and regulatory frameworks to ensure drug safety and efficacy. As the global population continues to grow and age, the industry faces the challenges of maintaining affordability, accessibility, and quality of medications. Furthermore, the pharmacy industry is a catalyst for economic growth, creating jobs, fostering research collaborations, and contributing to national and international healthcare systems. Its multifaceted nature, ranging from drug research to patient care, underscores its significance in the broader landscape of healthcare and public well-being. Research within the pharmacy industry holds immense significance due to its pivotal role in advancing medical knowledge and improving patient outcomes. Pharmaceutical research drives the development of new medications, innovative therapies, and treatment protocols, enhancing the efficacy and safety of drugs. It also uncovers insights into disease mechanisms, fostering a deeper understanding of health conditions. Furthermore, research guides regulatory decisions, ensuring drugs' quality, and promotes evidence-based medical practices. Through ongoing investigation, the pharmacy industry continually evolves, addressing emerging health challenges, optimizing drug utilization, and ultimately contributing to the overall enhancement of global healthcare standards. MOORA (Multi-Objective Optimization by Ratio Analysis) is a decision-making method used to evaluate and prioritize alternatives based on multiple conflicting criteria. It involves comparing alternatives' performance ratios against reference alternatives, considering both benefits and drawbacks. By assigning weights to criteria, MOORA quantifies their importance and ranks alternatives accordingly. This technique assists in complex decision scenarios where various factors must be balanced. MOORA's systematic approach aids in reaching well-informed decisions by quantifying trade-offs and providing a structured framework for considering multiple objectives simultaneously. Product Innovation, Market Share (%), Research Investment ($ billion), Patient Satisfaction, Drug Efficacy (%), Global Reach (countries). Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson, Roche, Novartis, GlaxoSmithKline, CVS Health, Walgreens Boots Alliance, Rite Aid.From the result it is seen that Novartisis got the first rank where as is the Rite Aidis having the lowest rank.

Painting the Inhabited Landscape: Fitz H. Lane and the Global Reach of Antebellum America by Margaretta M. Lovell

Painting the Inhabited Landscape: Fitz H. Lane and the Global Reach of Antebellum America by Margaretta M. Lovell

Zoetic Global, a U.S. Centric Firm with a Global Reach

Zoetic Global, a U.S. Centric Firm with a Global Reach

Global REACH 2018: High Altitude-Related Circulating Extracellular Microvesicles Promote a Proinflammatory Endothelial Phenotype In Vitro.

Brewster, L. Madden, Anthony R. Bain, Vinicius P. Garcia, Noah M. DeSouza, Michael M. Tymko, Jared J. Greiner, and Philip N. Ainslie. Global REACH 2018: high altitude-related circulating extracellular microvesicles promote a proinflammatory endothelial phenotype in vitro. High Alt Med Biol. 24:223-229, 2023. Introduction: Ascent to high altitude (HA) can induce vascular dysfunction by promoting a proinflammatory endothelial phenotype. Circulating microvesicles (MVs) can mediate the vascular endothelium and inflammation. It is unclear whether HA-related MVs are associated with endothelial inflammation. Objectives: We tested the hypothesis that MVs derived from ascent to HA induce a proinflammatory endothelial phenotype. Methods: Ten healthy adults (8 M/2 F; age: 28 ± 2 years) residing at sea level (SL) were studied before and 4-6 days after rapid ascent to HA (4,300 m). MVs were isolated and enumerated from plasma by centrifugation and flow cytometry. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were treated with MVs collected from each subject at SL (MV-SL) and at HA (MV-HA). Results: Circulating MV number significantly increased at HA (26,637 ± 3,315 vs. 19,388 ± 1,699). Although intracellular expression of total nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB; 83.4 ± 6.7 arbitrary units [AU] vs. 90.2 ± 6.9 AU) was not affected, MV-HA resulted in ∼55% higher (p < 0.05) active NF-κB (129.6 ± 19.8 AU vs. 90.7 ± 10.5 AU) expression compared with MV-SL. In addition, MV-HA induced higher interleukin (IL)-6 (63.9 ± 3.9 pg/ml vs. 53.3 ± 3.6 pg/ml) and IL-8 (140.2 ± 3.6 pg/ml vs. 120.7 ± 3.8 pg/ml) release compared with MV-SL, which was blunted with NF-κB blockade. Conclusions: Circulating extracellular MVs increase at HA and induce endothelial inflammation, potentially contributing to altitude-related vascular dysfunction.

The OECD's Education Agenda: Balancing Limited Membership, Global Reach, and Domestic Interests in Latin America

Global dynamics are becoming more prominent in education policy discussions, with the OECD standing out as a major player in the global education policy arena. Despite its selective and limited membership, the OECD’s reach and influence extend across the globe. This paper explores this paradox through an analytical review that bridges the field of education policy to the broader panorama of global governance, examining factors related to the growing involvement of Latin American countries with the OECD’s education agenda. Delineating the organization’s history and expansion strategy, as well as domestic drivers for membership and participation, this article examines the complex interplay between globalization, international mechanisms of norm diffusion and soft power, national interests, and internal politics. It concludes by outlining the multidimensional game that links institutional reasons, international dynamics, and domestic motivations with the appeal of organizations such as the OECD and its education initiatives in the Latin American region.

Ruminations on the Global Reach of the Tahoe Crayfish

Abstract: In the spring of 1993 the opening of Pure Pleasure Book Store in Mesquite, Nevada, met with protests from many of the citizens of Virgin Valley in southeast Nevada. The conservative and church-going community rallied around members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (the Mormons) who objected to what they saw as an affront to the moral standards of the community and the dangers that pornography presented to children and families. The Mesquite Chamber of Commerce formed an organization with the acronym HOME, Help Our Moral Environment, to fight for the closure of the bookstore. HOME attracted support from the citizens of the valley and neighboring communities in Utah who volunteered to serve on picket lines near the store with signs denouncing pornography. Store owners asserted their right to free speech and kept the doors open while challenging a zoning ordinance in the courts that was passed by the City of Mesquite which prohibited such businesses. As the courts deliberated, picketing continued for twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week, for two and a half years. On March 27, 1996, in Las Vegas Federal District Court, Judge Phillip Pro ruled in favor of the City of Mesquite to close the offending business under the authority of its zoning ordinance.

Painting the Inhabited Landscape: Fitz H. Lane and the Global Reach of Antebellum America

Painting the Inhabited Landscape: Fitz H. Lane and the Global Reach of Antebellum America

The Brussels Side-Effect: How the AI Act Can Reduce the Global Reach of EU Policy

The Brussels Side-Effect: How the AI Act Can Reduce the Global Reach of EU Policy

2022 Annual Summary: Journal and Metrics Impact, Global Reach, and Author Resources

2022 Annual Summary: Journal and Metrics Impact, Global Reach, and Author Resources

Pandemic News and Findings: Use of Integrative Medicine has Global Reach for Both Prevention and Treatment of Virus

Pandemic News and Findings: Use of Integrative Medicine has Global Reach for Both Prevention and Treatment of Virus

Local Commitment and Global Reach: Advancing Sustainable Capacity Building in Higher Education

Universities play a crucial role in building the economic development capacity for their communities and regions. Their capacity building role is typically defined by contributions to the economic bottom line of the community and region where a university is located. This kind of capacity building may find itself in conflict with the long-term sustainable development needs of the region and with the responsibility of the university itself. Sustainable capacity building may require strategies that focus on the specific social, cultural, environmental, and physical context of a university’s location beyond purely economic capacity goals. To achieve sustainable development outcomes, universities must advance an understanding of the context conditions within which they are located. At least three context systems are relevant to this view of development: the economy, society and culture, and the environment with its physical, biological, and ecological context conditions. Each of these context systems is characterized by distinct time frames, spatial configurations, rules, and success measures. A focus on economic development outcomes reflects only one subsystem’s rules, behaviors, and success measures. By analyzing two case study examples from the United States and South Africa, we offer a framework for universities to advance sustainability objectives that correspond to their broader responsibilities. We argue that in order to meet these broader responsibilities, universities must first commit to giving expression to their own local context through the voices and lived realities of students and residents. Since universities build the brain trust of communities and regions around the world, they play an essential role in strengthening global sustainability goals by building the local capacity of their communities and regions.

ESCP President's report.

ESCP President's report.

Global REACH 2018: increased adrenergic restraint of blood flow preserves coupling of oxygen delivery and demand during exercise at high-altitude.

Chronic exposure to hypoxia (high-altitude, HA; >4000m) attenuates the vasodilatory response to exercise and is associated with a persistent increase in basal sympathetic nerve activity (SNA). The mechanism(s) responsible for the reduced vasodilatation and exercise hyperaemia at HA remains unknown. We hypothesized that heightened adrenergic signalling restrains skeletal muscle blood flow during handgrip exercise in lowlanders acclimatizing to HA. We tested nine adult males (n=9) at sea-level (SL; 344 m) and following 21-28days at HA (∼4300m). Forearm blood flow (FBF; duplex ultrasonography), mean arterial pressure (MAP; brachial artery catheter), forearm vascular conductance (FVC; FBF/MAP), and arterial and venous blood sampling (O2 delivery ( ) and uptake ( )) were measured at rest and during graded rhythmic handgrip exercise (5%, 15% and 25% of maximum voluntary isometric contraction; MVC) before and after local α- and β-adrenergic blockade (intra-arterial phentolamine and propranolol). HA reduced ΔFBF (25% MVC: SL: 138.3±47.6 vs. HA: 113.4±37.1mlmin-1 ; P=0.022) and Δ (25% MVC: SL: 20.3±7.5 vs. HA: 14.3±6.2mlmin-1 ; P=0.014) during exercise. Local adrenoreceptor blockade at HA restored FBF during exercise (25% MVC: SLα-β blockade : 164.1±71.7 vs. HAα-β blockade : 185.4±66.6mlmin-1 ; P=0.947) but resulted in an exaggerated relationship between and ( / slope: SL: 1.32; HA: slope: 1.86; P=0.037). These results indicate that tonic adrenergic signalling restrains exercise hyperaemia in lowlanders acclimatizing to HA. The increase in adrenergic restraint is necessary to match oxygen delivery to demand and prevent over perfusion of contracting muscle at HA. KEY POINTS: In exercising skeletal muscle, local vasodilatory signalling and sympathetic vasoconstriction integrate to match oxygen delivery to demand and maintain arterial blood pressure. Exposure to chronic hypoxia (altitude, >4000m) causes a persistent increase in sympathetic nervous system activity that is associated with impaired functional capacity and diminished vasodilatation during exercise. In healthy male lowlanders exposed to chronic hypoxia (21-28days; ∼4300m), local adrenoreceptor blockade (combined α- and β-adrenergic blockade) restored skeletal muscle blood flow during handgrip exercise. However, removal of tonic adrenergic restraint at high altitude caused an excessive rise in blood flow and subsequently oxygen delivery for any given metabolic demand. This investigation is the first to identify greater adrenergic restraint of blood flow during acclimatization to high altitude and provides evidence of a functional role for this adaptive response in regulating oxygen delivery and demand.

Evidence-Based Policing is Here to Stay: Innovative Research, Meaningful Practice, and Global Reach

Evidence-Based Policing is Here to Stay: Innovative Research, Meaningful Practice, and Global Reach

Evidence-Based Policing Is Here to Stay: Innovative Research, Meaningful Practice, and Global Reach

Research QuestionIn the context of important advances as well as global reach, what more is needed for evidence-based policing to bridge the divide between academic research and police practice?DataWe draw on 18 case studies reported in The Globalization of Evidence-Based Policing: Innovations in Bridging the Research-Practice Divide (Piza and Welsh, 2022). These accounts of innovations provide a range of qualitative evidence on the integration of scientific research in contemporary policing.FindingsThe case studies describe some plausible causal links in four key processes: (a) transferring scientific knowledge to the practice community, (b) empowering officers to conduct police-led science, (c) aligning the work of researchers and practitioners, and (d) incorporating evidence-based policing in daily police functions.ConclusionsWhile there is much work to do to achieve population-level impacts, many innovative efforts at bridging the research-practice divide in policing are becoming embedded enough to make that happen.