Global Entrepreneurship Index Research Articles

Strategies for digital entrepreneurship success: the role of digital implementation and dynamic capabilities

PurposeTo augment sales revenue, B2B digital start-ups aim to create and sustain commercial relationships with industry incumbents. However, since these incumbents have traditionally struggled with implementing disruptive digital artifacts, most studies have almost exclusively concentrated on their challenges, leaving the digital start-ups' side underexplored. Therefore, this study seeks to understand how digital start-ups navigate digital implementation (DI) hardships to ultimately achieve digital entrepreneurship success.Design/methodology/approachAn abductive explanatory multi-case study of four industries that pose a variety of implementation challenges for B2B digital start-ups (agriculture, insurance, real estate and construction, and healthcare) was conducted using data collected from 40 interviews with Israeli experts and relevant digital data observations.FindingsThis study articulates two main observations. (1) Throughout their journeys, digital start-ups have utilized newly created and/or refined dynamic capabilities (DC) to successfully implement their digital artifacts. Simultaneously, successful DI has enabled digital start-ups to create new DC or sustain and evolve current DC. (2) We provide empirical evidence outlining how digital start-ups using continuous learning have combined causation and effectuation logic throughout their DI journeys.Originality/valueThis study answers a call to explore more explicit digital-related drivers (i.e. DI) for digital entrepreneurship success by studying a highly-ranked country on the Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI) to achieve this. Moreover, it illustrates how digital start-ups evolve throughout their commercial relationships with industry incumbents, thereby enabling an effective approach for successful DI. Such an approach can be considered very valuable for both practitioners and policymakers. Consequently, it advances digital entrepreneurship as an independent research topic.

PENGARUH ATTITUDE TOWARDS ENTREPRENEURSHIP, SUBJECTIVE NORMS, DAN PERCEIVED BEHAVIOURAL CONTROL TERHADAP INTENSI BERWIRAUSAHA

This research is motivated by Indonesia's low Global Entrepreneurship Index, which ranked 90th out of 137 countries worldwide in 2018. The study aims to investigate the influence of Attitude Towards Entrepreneurship, Subjective Norms, and Perceived Behavioral Control on entrepreneurial intention. The research employs a survey research method, with the population and sample being students of the Economics Education program at the Faculty of Economics and Business Education, Indonesia University of Education. The data analysis technique utilized is multiple linear regression. The findings of this research indicate that: (1) Attitude Toward Entrepreneurship and Subjective Norms positively influence Entrepreneurial Intention; (2) Perceived Behavioral Control does not affect Entrepreneurial Intention; (3) Attitude Towards Entrepreneurship, Subjective Norms, and Perceived Behavioral Control collectively have a positive impact on Entrepreneurial Intention.

Evaluating the Entrepreneurial Performance in South America. Case of Chile

The research objective is to explore Chile's entrepreneurial landscape by assessing individual characteristics and institutional factors through a 'pillars' framework and compare it against Colombia, and Brazil; to identify socio-economic, individual, and institutional differences using the Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI); to apply bottleneck approach to highlight areas requiring policy intervention. GEI features individual and institutional stage variables in a method where every variable collaboratively interacts, incorporating 14 foundational elements and three sub-indexes: attitudes, abilities, and aspirations. Ranking 18th on the GEI globally and the best in Latin America, Chile excels in key entrepreneurial pillars, showcasing strengths in innovation and a robust entrepreneurial culture. Brazil closely rivals Chile in competition and networking, emphasizing political and economic influence. Colombia surpasses Chile in internationalization and growth-stimulating policies but faces challenges like historical conflicts and wealth distribution. This study identified areas where immediate policy intervention may be necessary by examining Chiles's entrepreneurial ecosystem. The Penalty for Bottleneck (PFB) technique identified the weakest pillars highlighting process innovation, competition, and internationalization. The primary component identified as a bottleneck for resource allocation is Process Innovation, accounting for 73% of the allocation, followed by Competition at 23%. The findings show that allocating more resources to process innovation may improve greatly the overall GEI score.

Impact of business environment, entrepreneurship and competitiveness indicators on per capita income

Many parameters effect on the Gross Domestic Product per capita (GDPPC) index of countries. Including population, population growth rate, natural resources, economic growth, business performance, exports and imports, etc. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of business environment, entrepreneurship, and competitiveness indicators on the GDPPC. For this purpose, 42 countries from around the world have been selected and analyzed between 2013 to 2019. World Bank annual reports, Global Competitiveness Index, Global Entrepreneurship Index, and Doing Business reports were used to collect the data. Also the data analysis was done according to the panel data method using Stata software. The results shows that in general, there is a positive relationship between business environment, entrepreneurship, and competitiveness indicators with GDPPC.

Islamic Trade Financing and Poverty Mitigation: An Econometric Estimation Informing Islamic Development Bank Member Countries Considering Their Entrepreneurial Ecosystems

This paper is an analysis of the empirical effect of entrepreneurial ecosystems on the relationship between Islamic Trade financing (TF) and poverty trends in the context of Islamic Development Bank (IsDB) member countries. The study is an empirical analysis seeking to find out whether there is a statistical effect of the entrepreneurial ecosystems, measured as Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI) scores, on the relationship between the Islamic Trade Financing dollar amounts by the IsDB (TF) and the GNI Per Capita, PPP, of all Islamic Development Bank (IsDB) member countries for the years 2009 to 2019. The research is designed as a desk-top longitudinal, correlation, employing the linear dynamic panel data GMM model as an estimator of the empirical relationships between the key variables of the study. The study results show that there is a significant positive relationship between the TF dollar amounts from the IsDB and the GNI Per capita, PPP, and that the ascending entrepreneurial ecosystem positively affects this relationship in the IsDB member countries. Therefore, countries that receive higher Islamic Trade Financing dollar amounts from the IsDB (IF), generally have more GNI Per capita, PPP (less poverty) than their counterparts, but ascending entrepreneurial ecosystem levels raises this positive relationship. It is, therefore, recommendable for IsDB member countries and all other interested countries to formulate policies that facilitate Islamic Trade financing to mitigate poverty and improve their entrepreneurial ecosystems for economic progress. This paper develops policy conversations that guide political discourse on policy topics of poverty mitigation and their relation to financing trade following Islamic products and services, while improving the entrepreneurial environment, thus generating information on policy choices of an Islamic financing nature.

Nascent entrepreneurship in university students: the role of the context

ABSTRACT This paper offers evidence that the context might influence a university student’s start-up process differently, depending on the category of activities and regions. Specifically, it explores the influence of university and national contexts while considering the different categories of the start-up process. Our approach divides the start-up process into three categories (Business planning, Interaction with the external environment, and Financing), four context definitions (University, Industry-technological, Institutional-policy, and Cultural), and three regions (European Union, Latin America, and Asian-African). We drew on the primary dataset of the Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students’ Survey (GUESSS) project that contains 7,628 nascent entrepreneurs from 21 countries, which we complemented with a set of international indexes from the World Economic Forum’s Global Competitiveness Index, the Global Entrepreneurship Index, and the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness project. Generally speaking, the University context positively influences the start-up activities of students in Europe and Asia-Africa. The Industry and technological context and the Institutional and policy context play a relevant role (sometimes positive or negative) depending on the activity and region. Finally, the Cultural context presents mixed results too, and its influence varies (positively and negatively) depending on the kind of start-up activities and the region.

The Moderating Role of Research and Development (R&D) Support in the Relationship between Entrepreneurship and per Capita Output—A Study on the GCC Countries

The current study examines the moderating role of R&D expenditures by the government on the relationship between entrepreneurship and per capita output in GCC countries. Using secondary quantitative data, panel data analysis was conducted for six GCC countries (Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, Bahrain, Qatar, and UAE) based on their scores on the Global Entrepreneurship Index, Ease of Doing Business, and R&D expenditure as a percentage of GDP. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were conducted using Eviews 12. The study found that a supportive business environment and entrepreneurship ecosystem can lead to higher per capita output and that laboratory force and capital are significant positive contributors to per capita output. However, both Ease of Doing Business and the Global Entrepreneurship Index have a significant negative impact on per capita output. The study did not find significant moderation of the relationship between entrepreneurship and per capita output by R&D expenditures. These findings have important implications for policy-makers and academia, emphasizing the significant labour force and capital for per capita output. Future research should explore the relationship between entrepreneurship and growth further and investigate the role of R&D. Policy recommendations include reducing regulatory burdens and providing tax incentives to create a supportive environment for entrepreneurship and increasing R&D funding to promote per capita output. Overall, this study contributes to the state of the art through examining the moderating role of R&D expenditures on the relationship between entrepreneurship and per capita output in the context of GCC countries.

The effect of innovation on entrepreneurial activities: the case of Azerbaijan

Business is an important factor that leads to the economic prosperity of various states and provides a strong stimulus to the revival of production and the increase in the economic activity of the population. One of the main factors of creating a perfect market environment in the transition to new economic relations is the formation and development of entrepreneurship. There is storng links between entrepreneurship and innovation since past. Innovation both helps developing and developed countries to grow fast and increase the social welfare for economies. There several indexes which show measures the relation between innovation and entrepreneurship. In this article the connection between innovation and entrepreneurship was analyzed by means of comparision of Global Innovation Index and Global Entrepreneurship Index respectively. Results which has been got from the comparision explain that there is connection between innovation and entrepreneurship. Also, it has to be mentioned that Azerbaijan case was been researched in this article and all necesserary steps for improving entrepreneurial ecosystem were stated.

A group decision making method with preference analysis to re-build the Global Entrepreneurship Index.

This study proposes a group decision making (GDM) method with preference analysis to re-build the Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI). Specifically, a single decision maker is firstly identified using a specified individual judgement about the importance order of three sub-indices of the GEI. A preliminary group decision matrix is constructed in terms of taking all possible individual judgments into account. Then the analysis of the preferential differences and preferential priorities with respect to the preliminary group decision matrix is conducted to obtain a revised group decision matrix, in which preferential differences calculate the weighted differences as the degrees of differences among different alternatives for each decision maker, preferential priorities describe the favorite ranking of alternatives for each decision maker. Finally, we employ the Stochastic Multicriteria Acceptability Analysis for group decision-making (SMAA-2) to create the holistic acceptability indices for measuring the entrepreneurship performance. In addition, a satisfaction index is developed to indicate the merits of proposed GDM method. A case study using the GEI-2019 of 19 G20 countries is carried out to validate our GDM method.

Aspirations and intellectual property in the worldwide entrepreneurship ecosystem

Entrepreneurship and intellectual property ecosystems are a systematic and multifaceted phenomenon. The analysis of these ecosystems is essential to gain an understanding of how they might be related, especially at the country level. Our investigation has identified a lack of studies that empirically assess the possible relationship between these two ecosystems. We aim to evaluate the linkage between entrepreneurship and the intellectual property ecosystems. The aspirations sub-index of the Global Entrepreneurship Index and the US Chamber International IP Index are used as a proxy for the entrepreneurial and intellectual property ecosystem, respectively. We estimate a panel data model and use a quantile regression model with fixed effects to test the hypothesis that the intellectual property ecosystem affects aspirations in the global entrepreneurship ecosystem. This study analyses these ecosystems from a different perspective, and the results are potentially important for policymakers who seek to improve entrepreneurship and intellectual property.

Avaliação da validade do Global Entrepreneurship Index

Purpose: our objective is to assess whether the Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI) is a valid methodology for measuring the national systems of entrepreneurship. Theoretical framework: we use the structural equation modeling (SEM) as a theoretical lens to evaluate the Global Entrepreneurship Index. Design/methodology/approach: to achieve the research objective, we perform structural equation modeling to measure the formative model of GEI, using the SmartPLS 3.0 software, in order to verify the convergent validity of the constructs; the collinearity of indicators and their relevance for measuring entrepreneurship. Findings: the results obtained show that the sub-indices and indicators are adequate to measure entrepreneurship. However, we identified that there is a need to replace the micro-level components of the opportunity perception and networking indicators which provide distorted results of what is understood as productive or high impact entrepreneurship. Research, practical and social implications: the main contributions of our study are directed to the indicators’ developers. We suggest the use of components that capture aspects associated with high-impact or technology-based entrepreneurship instead of any attempt to create a new business, as our results indicate that generic components provide short-sighted results on the state of entrepreneurship, hampering comparative studies at the country-level. Originality/value: although the GEI is based on the OECD recommendations for the construction of composite indicators (indices), we have not identified any studies (not even performed by the GEI developers) on the validity of the index as a methodology for measuring entrepreneurship.

EVALUATING THE ENTREPRENEURIAL PERFORMANCE OF MICRO-ENTERPRISES IN THE BICOL REGION, PHILIPPINES

This article examines the entrepreneurial performance of micro-enterprises in the Bicol region, Philippines, using the 14 pillars of the Global Entrepreneurship Index. It also examines the effect of managerial efficiency on economic performance and the significant influence between the development index and economic performance. Micro enterprises contribute to economic development as they comprise the largest portion of the micro, small and medium enterprise sector and provide the biggest share of the country’s employment. However, micro-enterprises still face significant obstacles to growth. Using descriptive statistics, slack-based data envelopment analysis, bootstrap-bias corrected and accelerated regression, multivariate analysis, and hierarchical regression, the study found out that micro-enterprises usually practice opportunity perception, start-up skills, networking, cultural support, and high growth. Micro enterprises that showed strong development performance have managerial efficiency indicating no shortage in sales and their potential. Moreover, entrepreneurial activity stimulates attitude, aspiration, and monthly sales of micro-enterprises. It directly and highly affects sales because micro-enterprises always practice the pillars of technology absorption, opportunity start-up, competition, and human capital. This article illustrates a model suggesting that micro-enterprises should improve opportunity perception, start-up skills, risk acceptance, process innovation, high growth, and internationalization to improve sales. Furthermore, the study may provide tips for micro-enterprises in the Philippines and may be used as a basis for programs and policies to support their development.

Deriving Solutions to the Contemporary Issues in Entrepreneurship: Determinants of Establishing Digital Entrepreneurship Ecosystem in Sri Lanka

Purpose: Entrepreneurship is one of a country's economic engines, particularly in developing countries. Sri Lanka was sliding down in Global Entrepreneurship Index. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the key determinants to the establishment of digital entrepreneurial ecosystem for deriving solutions to the contemporary issues in entrepreneurship in Sri Lanka. 
 Method: Quantitative research approach was employed. Primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire, using 234 undergraduates who are following entrepreneurship degree programs in the selected universities. Acknowledging the literature, digital entrepreneurship, infrastructure, user citizenship and marketplace were selected as the determinants of establishing the digital entrepreneurship ecosystem.
 Findings: Multiple regression analysis results indicated that digital entrepreneurship, digital infrastructure, digital user citizenship and digital marketplace have a significant influence on the establishment of the digital entrepreneurship ecosystem. Digital entrepreneurship has the greatest effects on the establishment on digital entrepreneurship ecosystem, followed by digital infrastructures. The digital marketplace has the smallest effect on establishing the digital entrepreneurship ecosystem.
 Research Implication: Findings of the study would be useful in monitoring the involvement of digital technologies in entrepreneurship. Local, provincial, and national governments can play an important role in encouraging digital entrepreneurship and digitalization among potential entrepreneurs.
 Future Research Suggestion: The study focused only on the effect of digital infrastructure, users and marking aspects on the establishment of the digital entrepreneurial ecosystem. The developing countries like Sri Lanka, the lack of law, investment hunger, corruption, and gaps in the low of innovation environment and inefficiency of administration agents and business forms are impeding the progress of the enormous preference for innovation and digital technology. Further research should be conducted to investigate how these factors play a role in this model.

Assessing the entrepreneurial ecosystem of Sweden: a comparative study with Finland and Norway using Global Entrepreneurship Index

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate and examines Sweden's overall entrepreneurship performance (ecosystem) by applying the Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI) while benchmarking the entrepreneurial ecosystem of Sweden with that of Finland and Norway.Design/methodology/approachIn terms of subindices, pillars and component factors, this research analyzes the entrepreneurial ecosystem of Sweden using the GEI supplemented by the Penalty for Bottleneck (PFB) approach utile for identification of bottlenecks. In addition, the Swedish ecosystem is benchmarked against its Finnish and Norwegian counterparts drawing on data collected between 2015 and 2018.FindingsUsing data drawn from the GEI, Sweden manifests a strong entrepreneurial ecosystem with a GEI score of 72.7 out of 100. However, fledgling start-up skills, insufficient human capital, and slow and erratic growth undercut otherwise solid entrepreneurial aspirations drawing on well-developed institutional variables. On a macrolevel, Sweden evinces greater capacity for entrepreneurship and innovation than either Norway or Finland but, on a microlevel, several discontinuities manifest in terms of subindices, pillars and component factors to the advantage of Norway and/or Finland and, conversely, to the detriment of Sweden.Practical implicationsPolicymakers should fund a mix of programs and institute regulatory reforms designed to promote entrepreneurial systemic development in Sweden by remediating entrepreneurial gaps depressing GEI scores. Crucial policy interventions are required to accrete start-up skills and human capital and engender high growth. Incremental funding of 47% over current levels budgeted to buoy entrepreneurial activity are mandated for Sweden to approach its GEI potential.Originality/valueInsights are derived from extracting data drawn from a new methodology for gauging entrepreneurial activity incorporating individual and institutional variables into a single model that combines PFB and GEI analysis with a view to identifying, through the PFB approach and weak aspects of Sweden's entrepreneurial performance.

Entrepreneurship in Spain: An Analysis Based on GEI Model

This paper has analyzed the entrepreneurial ecosystem in Spain, using the GEI (global entrepreneurship index). In this paper, first, the existing literature on entrepreneurship in Spain is reviewed, followed by a review of the EE concept (Entrepreneurial Ecosystem). After that, the level of entrepreneurship in Spain is analyzed with the help of indicators such as Self-employment and TEA. To analyze both individual and institutional indicators, the GEI (Global Entrepreneurship Index) has been utilized. The EE in Spain is compared with France and Germany, it is found that Spain is lagging in 12 pillars of GEI sub-indices in contrast with these countries. Then based on Penalty for Bottleneck methodology, policy suggestions have been made for Spain.

ANALYSIS OF AUSTRIA'S ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEM BASED ON THE GEI APPROACH

This paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the entrepreneurial ecosystem of Austria. The study used the Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI) method and the Penalty for Bottleneck (PFB) to achieve this objective. The findings revealed a moderated entrepreneurial ecosystem with a GEI score of 65.2%. Again, the study found a strong correlation between Austria's GDP per capita and the GEI scores and a moderate score for all the three sub-indices entrepreneurial attitudes (65.5), entrepreneurial abilities (67.6), and entrepreneurial aspirations (62.4). Using the Penalty for Bottleneck (PFB) method, the study identified high growth and human capital as the bottleneck pillars. To shun the bottlenecks related to high growth, accessibility of finance, and formulation of sophisticated strategy at the institutional level are paramount, especially during this highly competitive technological era. Also, to alleviate the human capital bottleneck, the government should draw up policies that will help boost education at the tertiary level, especially at an individual level. Further empirical research can be conducted to compare the entrepreneurial ecosystem of EU countries. This study adds to the existing literature on entrepreneurship which is scanty. Additionally, this paper highlights the bottlenecks in Austria's Entrepreneurial Ecosystem and provides possible alternative policies that can enhance the entrepreneurial ecosystem if implemented.

Ethnic entrepreneurial success factors: evidence from the United Arab Emirates

This paper examines how personal, business, and environmental factors influence ethnic entrepreneurial success in the UAE, against the backdrop of the nation's concerted efforts to promote entrepreneurship and foreign investments in SMEs, as the means to attaining its goals of sustainable, long term economic diversification, expansion, and enhanced performance. The study adopts a mixed methods approach to investigate the key determinants of ethnic entrepreneurial success by utilizing primary quantitative data collected via a survey of 103 entrepreneurs. In addition, qualitative data is obtained from in-depth interviews of ten expatriate entrepreneurs. Whereas the quantitative results evidenced a significant impact of one personal and two business factors on ethnic entrepreneurial success in the UAE, with the environmental factors being insignificant, the qualitative results confirmed the importance of personal and business variables in achieving success, especially the role of support from ethnic groups. Further, interviewees' perceptions of the environmental factors' role were mixed, supporting the qualitative findings regarding the insignificance of these factors. Our findings are timely and beneficial for policymakers promoting ethnic entrepreneurship in the UAE and potential entrepreneurs intending to establish businesses within it. Furthermore, no previous studies have been found in the research literature regarding the factors influencing ethnic entrepreneurial success in the UAE, ranked fourth globally in the Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI) 2020. Hence, this study's results merit policymakers' consideration regarding the adequacy and relevance of their efforts to promote startups and entrepreneurship.

The Effect of Cultural Orientations on Country Innovation Performance: Hofstede Cultural Dimensions Revisited?

Purpose. One of the perspectives that receives the most attention from studies in international business is cultural dimensions. This is due to the greater complexity and incidence of cultural aspects in economic performance. This paper explored the moderation effect of cultural orientations on the creation of innovation trajectories related to levels of innovation and their outcomes in countries from various geographical areas between 2011 and 2021. Design/Methodology/Approach. A growth trajectories model is conducted to achieve the research’s aim, considering the country’s cultural orientation, innovation inputs (institutions, human capital and research, infrastructure, market sophistication, and business sophistication), and impact on innovation output. The Global Innovation Index, Globe Project, and Global Entrepreneurship Index databases used this analysis, containing data from nations on different continents. The trajectories’ analysis approach is utilized to achieve the desired goal, which allows for the assessment of the variations in innovation trajectory across countries with cultural tendencies towards performance and humane orientation from 2011 to 2021. Findings. The literature affirms positive results for various innovation inputs, but the results show differences in innovation outputs. The difference is related to their inputs (institutions, human capital and research, infrastructure, market sophistication, business sophistication), institutions, and market sophistication. Additionally, a difference depends on the country’s performance culture, generating options to obtain higher outputs, such as knowledge and creative results. Research Limitations/Implications. Based on the results achieved, an attempt is made to provide a different perspective on innovation, especially evaluating the results over time and identifying decreasing trajectories that affect the innovation results in countries with different economic development conditions and cultural characteristics. Practical Implications. The results achieved make it possible to strengthen the analysis of the countries’ strategies regarding innovation, especially in the permanent evaluation of the results, which encourages changes in the execution of innovative activities to maintain their performance over time. Social Implications. The contributions allow us to understand the dynamics of innovation in countries’ knowledge and creative outputs over time. Originality/Value. The trajectory analysis used in the data analysis is perhaps one of the most robust techniques for a time series analysis. This allows for identifying trajectories for the study’s independent variables and their influence on a country’s innovation.

Using individual preferences and BWM with entropy measures to modify the Global Entrepreneurship Index.

The Global Entrepreneurship and Development Institute (GEDI) annually releases the Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI) to measure the quality and dynamics of entrepreneurship ecosystems at a national and regional level. The published Global Entrepreneurship Index takes the arithmetic mean value of the individual level of entrepreneurial attitudes, abilities and aspirations. In this paper, we alternatively consider all individual preferences among these three sub-indices, the performance results of which are obtained by means of a sophisticated manner. The entropy values of these performance results are derived to reduce the information redundancy. The best-worst method (BWM) is employed to determine the common weights with respect to each individual preference. An empirical study using the data of GEI-2019 is performed to indicate the validness of our methodology.

ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEM PERFORMANCE OF VIETNAM: A STUDY BASED ON THE GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP INDEX (GEI)

Although much research has revealed the importance of entrepreneurship, the beneficial impact of entrepreneurship is dependent on its precise definition together with its different measurements. This study aims at providing an in-depth insight into the entrepreneurial ecosystem performance of Vietnam, a potential economy in Asia-Pacific region. To pursue this purpose, the paper adopts the approach of entrepreneurship ecosystem (EE) using Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI) model, as an analytical lens for the Vietnam’s entrepreneurial profile. The findings show that although being healthier than other Asian nations such as Philippines, Indonesia; the entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) performance of Vietnam has still landed in the moderate quartile of GEI data. Entrepreneurial abilities and aspirations play promising roles in Vietnamese entrepreneurial ecosystem, especially the “human capital” and “risk capital” pillars. Whereas, entrepreneurial attitudes appear as the main disadvantages in forming Vietnamese GEI score. Further, the paper also indicates that: “Risk acceptance”, “Technology absorption”, “High growth”, and “Internationalization” pillars are the weakest aspects of Vietnamese entrepreneurial ecosystem performance. The weakness is especially apparent in terms of its institutional issues. Therefore, the paper is expected to offer theoretical and practical contribution for studies of entrepreneurship of Vietnam.