Glass Batch Components Research Articles

Decomposition kinetics of granulated glass batch

The effect of carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) solution on the decomposition kinetics of soda-lime glass batch was investigated by DTA, XRD analysis, and by calculation of transformation degree and the decomposing activation energy based on the theory of Ginstling–Brownstein equation and Arrhenius equation. DTA curves showed that the beginning temperatures of the silicate-formation reactions were shifted toward lower temperatures after adding CMC solution. The kinetic analysis showed that CMC solution improved the decomposition kinetics of granulated glass batch (pellets) by increasing the transformation degree and decreasing the activation energy. This was due to the finely dispersed, increased homogeneity and close contact of components of glass batch after granulating. The quartz low phase was identified by heat treatment of loose glass batch and pellets at the temperature range of 775–850°C for different holding time. The fraction of silica reacted at various temperatures was obtained from quantitative analysis of XRD measurements.

Study of glass batch components segregation

The separation of glass batch components during storage and shipment is examined. Segregation in a two-component soda – sand system is studied. It is shown that practically all soda, being the lightest material, moves into the upper layers of the batch. A study of the segregation of different fractions of powdered dolomite showed that mechanical action on powdered dolomite redistributes the fractions: the coarse fraction dislocates into the upper layers while the fine fraction remains at the bottom.

Standardizing consumption of materials in production of glass containers

A model of material flows in the production of glass containers is described. An algorithm for specifying the consumption rates of cullet and glass batch components is proposed.

Surface Attractive Forces of Glass Batch Particles

The forces of surface interaction between glass batch components are considered. A comparison between capillary and gravitational forces for particles of different sizes at different stages of glass batch preparation is carried out. The dependences of capillary force on the volume of liquid and the distance between particles are discussed.

Proportioning of Liquid Glass Batch Components

The authors consider volumetric and weighing proportioners for liquid components of glass batch, as well as proportioners measuring the flow rate of liquids using vane flowmeters.

Specifics of Interaction Between Glass Batch Particles Through Two-Component Solution Interlayers

The capillary force and crystallization strength of glass batch components are studied moistening the batch with solvents of sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, and other components. The obtained data can be used for solving problems related to moistening glass batches.

Regulation of the Efficiency of Screw Feeders for Glass Batch Components

Various designs of screw feeders for glass-batch components operating in the “precise” and “rough” proportioning modes are considered.

Capillary and Crystalization Strength of Glass Batch Components

The attraction of glass particles simulating quartz sand grains for capillary rings of aqueous solutions of sodium sulfate and carbonate of various concentrations is experimentally investigated. It is shown that the attraction of particles at the first moment of contact with the bridging liquid is determined by the capillary effect. As water evaporates and the solution becomes saturated, additional cohesion of solid particles is registered, which is caused by the formation of crystallization contacts.

Automation of pneumatic transport of glass batch components

The operation of a pneumatic transport system for material components of a glass batch is analyzed. A system for automatic control of the executive mechanisms of the system based on a TA-23B pneumatic barrel pump is implemented using a microprocessor system and a control panel.

Using differential thermal and thermogravimetric analysis to study the reactions between glass-batch components

Using differential thermal and thermogravimetric analysis to study the reactions between glass-batch components