Gland Tumors In Patients Research Articles

Comparison of Peptidomes Extracted from Healthy Tissue and Tumor Tissue of the Parotid Glands and Saliva Samples.

Salivary gland tumors are highly variable in clinical presentation and histology. The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies 22 types of malignant and 11 types of benign tumors of the salivary glands. Diagnosis of salivary gland tumors is based on imaging (ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging) and fine-needle aspiration biopsy, but the final diagnosis is based on histopathological examination of the removed tumor tissue. In this pilot study, we are testing a new approach to identifying peptide biomarkers in saliva that can be used to diagnose salivary gland tumors. The research material for the peptidomic studies was extracts from washings of neoplastic tissues and healthy tissues (control samples). At the same time, saliva samples from patients and healthy individuals were analyzed. The comparison of the peptidome composition of tissue extracts and saliva samples may allow the identification of potential peptide markers of salivary gland tumors in patients' saliva. The peptidome compositions extracted from 18 tumor and 18 healthy tissue samples, patients' saliva samples (11 samples), and healthy saliva samples (8 samples) were analyzed by LC-MS tandem mass spectrometry. A group of 109 peptides was identified that were present only in the tumor tissue extracts and in the patients' saliva samples. Some of the identified peptides were derived from proteins previously suggested as potential biomarkers of salivary gland tumors (ANXA1, BPIFA2, FGB, GAPDH, HSPB1, IGHG1, VIM) or tumors of other tissues or organs (SERPINA1, APOA2, CSTB, GSTP1, S100A8, S100A9, TPI1). Unfortunately, none of the identified peptides were present in all samples analyzed. This may be due to the high heterogeneity of this type of cancer. The surprising result was that extracts from tumor tissue did not contain peptides derived from salivary gland-specific proteins (STATH, SMR3B, HTN1, HTN3). These results could suggest that the developing tumor suppresses the production of proteins that are essential components of saliva.

Salivary Gland Tumors: a Ten-Year Retrospective Analysis in a Brazilian Teaching Hospital

Introduction: The tumors affecting salivary glands have a wide morphological diversity. Objective: This study aimed to examine the prevalence of salivary gland tumors in patients treated at São Lucas Teaching Hospital at the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (HSL-PUCRS), in Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil, from 2007 to 2016. Method: A retrospective study analyzing 201 files from the Department of Pathology at the HSL-PUCRS was carried out, by revising the medical records. Results: Seventy-three cases of salivary gland tumors were found, and their electronic and physical medical records were analyzed. Of the 73 cases, 56 (76.7%) were benign tumors and 17 (23.3%) were malignant tumors. The age group with the highest number of cases was between 41 and 60 years of age and the highest prevalence was found in females, with 54.8% of the cases. The parotid gland presented the highest prevalence, accounting for 72.6% of the cases. The predominant neoplasia was the pleomorphic adenoma, accounting for 53.4% of the tumors. The standard of distribution of neoplasms of salivary glands was similar to the encountered in other Brazilian regions. Conclusion: The largest salivary glands were the most affected by neoplastic processes. Pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma were the most frequent benign and malignant tumors, respectively, and parotid gland was the most affected site. In the light of previous literature data, the results allow to infer that some demographic characteristics (for example, sex and age) vary among the different geographic regions.

Epidemiologic Characteristics of Salivary Gland Tumors in an Iranian Population

Background: Salivary gland tumors include a wide variety of benign and malignant tumors in the oral and maxillofacial region. Although these tumors are not common, they are not rare. The prevalence of these tumors varies with regard to age, gender, and their location in the body. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of benign and malignant salivary gland tumors in patients referred to three referral hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study examined the demographic and pathologic records of the patients with salivary gland tumors submitted to the Department of Pathology of Amir Alam, Loghman Hakim, and Shohada Hospitals from 2005 to 2016. In this study, the histological variants of salivary gland tumors and clinical parameters such as age, gender, and the location of the tumor were examined. The clinical data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21. Results: Of 137632 patient records, 1180 cases were salivary gland tumors. Pleomorphic adenoma in 794 cases (67.3%) and adenoid cystic carcinoma in 109 cases (9.2%) were the most common tumors, respectively. Salivary gland tumors were more common in males, and the participants’ mean age was 42.86 ± 16.5 years. The most common site was parotid and minor salivary glands, with 937 (79.4%) and 137 (12%) cases, respectively. Conclusions: In this study, the most common benign tumor was pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland, and the most common malignant tumor was adenoid cystic carcinoma in the major salivary glands. Furthermore, benign tumors were more frequent than malignant tumors.

D-1 Gene Polymorphism in Salivary Gland Tumors

Objectives This study aimed to assess PD-1gene polymorphism in salivary gland tumors in patients referred to Khalili Hospital in Shiraz. Methods This case-control study evaluated 48 patients with salivary gland tumors and 100 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. First, 5cc blood samples were obtained from patients and transferred to vials containing anti-coagulated EDTA. DNA was extracted, and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was performed on the samples. The PD-1 gene genotype was determined using the Fermentas kit. After 24 hours of incubation, all the samples were electrophoresed. The genotypes were reported based on the size of bands, and the chi-square test was applied. To compare the alleles, the Fisher’s Exact test was applied. The Yates correction was used to compare the genotype and genotypic alleles based on the tumor grade. Results The mean age was 44.81±15.69 years in patients and 46.54± 13.86 years in controls. Statistical analysis did not show any significant difference in PD1 gene polymorphism between the two groups (P=0.098). No significant correlation was found between the genotype frequency and lymph node involvement (P=0.06), tumor genotype (P=0.12), side (right or left) (P=0.22), tumor location (P=0.27), and size or invasion of the tumor to the surrounding tissue (P=0.14). PD1.3 genotype frequency did not differ significantly between malignant and benign tumors (P=0.6). Conclusion This study did not reveal any significant difference in genotype frequency of PD1.3 in the patient and control groups; however, further studies are needed with a larger sample size to obtain more accurate results.

Salivary Gland Tumors in Patients Treated for Childhood Cancer

Salivary Gland Tumors in Patients Treated for Childhood Cancer

Diagnostic Value of FDG PET and Salivary Gland Scintigraphy for Parotid Tumors

The purpose of this study was to examine the diagnostic value of the combination of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET and Tc-99m pertechnetate salivary gland scintigraphy in parotid tumors. Seventy-two patients with benign parotid gland tumors (n = 52), malignant parotid tumors (n = 12), and inflammation (n = 8) underwent both FDG PET and salivary gland scintigraphy within 1 week, and 66 of the patients also underwent gallium scintigraphy. All patients were negative on their first fine-needle aspiration (FNA). Malignant parotid tumors showed significantly higher FDG uptake (standard uptake values [SUVs]) than both benign tumors and inflammation, except in Warthin's tumor (5.82 +/- 3.95 vs. 2.07 +/- 1.33; P <0.01). Although the SUV values of Warthin's tumor and malignant parotid tumors overlapped somewhat, Warthin's tumor did demonstrate increased radiotracer uptake, and it was reliably distinguished from other parotid gland tumors by the use of salivary gland scintigraphy. Considering a SUV value >3 as being positive for malignancy and excluding Warthin's tumor on the basis of salivary gland scintigraphy, sensitivity and specificity of FDG PET were 75% and 80%, respectively. These results were superior to those of gallium scintigraphy (58% and 72%, respectively). Although the diagnostic value of FDG PET in the differentiation of malignant from benign parotid gland tumors was limited because of the high FDG uptake in some benign tumors, and particularly pleomorphic adenomas, combining salivary gland scintigraphy with FDG PET may help to negate this drawback, and this combination may be a more promising approach for differentiation of various parotid gland tumors in patients compared with nondiagnostic needle aspiration.

The role of genetics in the surgical management of familial endocrinopathy syndromes.

Our knowledge of genetics has increased dramatically in recent decades and this has led to important changes in the medical and surgical management of hereditary endocrine diseases. Genetic screening for disease-causing mutations can identify carriers at young ages, which has enabled earlier diagnosis and surgical intervention. For example prophylactic thyroidectomy is now routine in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2). Appropriately timed surgical intervention will minimize disease-specific morbidity and mortality, but the diagnosis and surgical treatment of disease in presymptomatic patients is much more complex than in symptomatic patients with measurable disease. Surgeons must remain conversant with the developments in genetic technology and the established role for genetic counselors in the multidisciplinary management of hereditary endocrine syndromes. In this article we briefly review the clinically relevant information and indications for genetic testing for the most common hereditary endocrine syndromes including multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), MEN2, von Hippel-Lindau syndrome (VHL), and hereditary paraganglioma syndrome. We also use several case descriptions to illustrate the impact of genetic counseling on the management of familial cancer. Finally we provide several key genetic counseling resources available for the proper identification and expeditious referral of patients at risk for these familial endocrine syndromes. MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA TYPE 1 MEN1 is an autosomal dominant disease that demonstrates nearly complete penetrance in the form of various combinations of endocrine tumors involving the parathyroid glands, pancreatic islet cells and duodenum, and pituitary gland (Table 1). Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is the most prevalent (90% to 97%) and is usually the first manifestation, typically appearing between the ages of 20 and 25 years but sometimes as late as the fifth decade of life. Anterior pituitary gland tumors in patients with MEN1 are less common (33%) and may be nonfunctioning or may secrete hormones such as prolactin. Tumors of the pancreatic islet cells and duodenum (pancreatic endocrine tumors, PETs) occur in as many as 30% to 80% of patients. Some PETs are nonfunctioning, but many secrete one or more pancreatic hormones. With earlier diagnosis and control of hormone-associated complications such as ZollingerEllison syndrome, metastatic neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas are now the leading cause of disease-specific mortality in patients with MEN1. Because PETs in MEN1 patients are multifocal and distributed throughout the pancreas, their proper management remains poorly defined. This issue was summarized in a recent consensus statement in which it was concluded that surgical treatment for MEN1-related PETs is controversial except for patients with hypoglycemia secondary to insulinoma syndrome in whom pancreatic resection is indicated. There is currently no consensus on the timing and extent of surgical treatment for gastrinoma and nonfunctioning PETs in patients with MEN1. Less prevalent tumors associated with MEN1 include adrenocortical tumors, lipomas, and foregut carcinoid tumors. Foregut carcinoids are found in 2% to 8% of patients with MEN1, but bronchial carcinoids are more common in women and thymic carcinoids are more common in men. The malignant potential of carcinoids, particularly thymic carcinoids, has led to recent No competing interests declared.

Salivary gland tumors in patients with a history of childhood head and neck irradiation: Report of fory-one cases

Salivary gland tumors in patients with a history of childhood head and neck irradiation: Report of fory-one cases