Spatial Analysis Function Of GIS Research Articles

Principal causes of water damage in mining roofs under giant thick topsoil–lilou coal mine

The roof water inrush disaster induced by coal mining is becoming a vital bottleneck restricting mine safety. To accurately predict the water inrush position of the coal seam roof sandstone aquifer and accurately prevent and control it, this paper takes Lilou Coal Mine in Juye Coalfield as an example. Based on the comprehensive analysis of hydrogeological data, drilling data, and geophysiological data, this paper examines the water richness of the roof aquifer, the water insulation and geological structure, and the fracture development characteristics of the roof aquifer. Starting from the general side, nine factors, including fault strength index, tectonic intersection point, tip extinguishing point, development height of water conduction crack zone, roof sandstone aquifer thickness, aquifer drilling unit inrush, geophysical prospecting water-rich anomaly area, roof key layer thickness, roof aquifer thickness, brittle plastic rock thickness ratio, etc., form the roof plate roof. The main control factors for water inrush are deeply discussed. Through the spatial analysis function of GIS, unique drawings of different evaluation indicators are drawn, and the data are normalized. Combined with the AHP hierarchical analysis method, the corresponding weight is determined. Finally, a comprehensive water inrush risk assessment map of the roof of coal seam 3 in Lilou Coal Mine is obtained. Through the verification of the coal mine water inrush survey ledger over the years, it has been found that the evaluation results of the coal seam roof water inrush model are consistent with the actual situation. The evaluation results are reasonable and accurate, which can provide a reference basis for coal seam mining and water damage prevention and control in the future.

Risk Assessment of Water Inrush from Coal Seam Roof Based on the Combined Weighting of the Geographic Information System and Game Theory: A Case Study of Dananhu Coal Mine No. 7, China

Coal mines’ water inrush is one of the five major disasters that affect the safety of coal mine production. The assessment of coal mines’ water inrush is a prerequisite for preventing and controlling coal mines’ water inrush. To objectively and effectively evaluate the risk of water inrush in the coal seam roof and overcome the shortage of single assignment methods, two methods, the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy method, are used in this paper to determine each evaluation factor’s subjective and objective consequences. Game theory is applied to obtain the combined weights of each influencing factor to make up for the lack of a single assignment method. Taking the roof of Coal Seam No. 7 in mining Areas I and II of Dananhu Coal Mine No. 7 as an example, six primary evaluation indexes are created to control water inrush in the coal seam roof. The comprehensive weights of each index is determined; a vulnerability index evaluation model is established; and the results of the water inrush risk zone in the coal seam roof of Dananhu Coal Mine No. 7 are obtained using the GIS spatial analysis function. The results show that the discriminatory effects of the zoning model have a high accuracy and can provide a reference basis for future coal seam mining control work in this mine.

The target selection and quantitative evaluation for deep geothermal resource zoning of typical geothermal fields in central Hebei of North China plain

With the rapid economic development in North China, the demand for geothermal energy is increasing. It is urgent to find favorable deep geothermal resource targets in North China. Although geothermal resources in the North China Plain are widely distributed, in order to develop deep geothermal resources in North China safely, stably and efficiently, it is essential to carry out the target selection and evaluation of geothermal resource zoning. This article takes the typical geothermal fields in the central Hebei region as the research object, and through the comprehensive collation of regional geothermal geological data, constructs an optimization evaluation indicator system for geothermal resource target areas from three aspects: resource conditions, mining potential, and heating demand. On this basis, it establishes a linear relationship between the attribute values and scores of each indicator, and uses the analytic hierarchy process to assign weights to each indicator and calculate the comprehensive weight. Then, the comprehensive evaluation value is obtained by weighted calculation of the scores and comprehensive weights of each block in the grid segmentation of the evaluation area. Finally, through the spatial analysis function of GIS, the comprehensive evaluation values of all blocks in the evaluation area were analyzed using kriging difference analysis, and a comprehensive evaluation map, the geothermal resource prospective target area map, was finally obtained. Using quantitative zoning evaluation methods, the target areas for exploration and development of deep geothermal resources in central Hebei Province have been delineated within a large region. The evaluation results indicate that the Cambrian-Ordovician reservoir target area is relatively large, and there are many favorable target areas with good reservoir conditions in the Middle-Upper Proterozoic. The excellent prospective target area of the Mesoproterozoic geothermal reservoir accounts for 56%, mainly located in the Xingji uplift and Gaoyang low uplift. Xiong’an New Area, Cangzhou, and the eastern part of Hengshui are excellent prospective target areas for the evaluation of the Mesoproterozoic geothermal reservoir in a single area. This evaluation method can provide a reference for the optimization of resource exploration and development target areas in key regions.

Evolution Law of Shallow Water in Multi-Face Mining Based on Partition Characteristics of Catastrophe Theory

It is of great significance for ecological environment protection to clarify the regional evolution characteristics of shallow water under the disturbance of multi-working face mining. In this paper, the catastrophe theory method, GIS spatial analysis function and FEFLOW numerical calculation method were comprehensively used to study the instability risk and evolution law of shallow water systems in the Zhuan Longwan Coal Mine. The results show that: the Zhuan Longwan Coal Mine is divided into five areas (small risk area, light risk area, middle risk area, heavy risk area and special risk area) based on catastrophe theory, among which the middle risk area has the largest area of 16,616,880 m2, and the special risk area has the smallest area of 1,769,488 m2. Based on the results of catastrophe zoning, the evolution law of shallow water under multi-surface disturbance in different zones is expounded. In the middle-risk area, the water level drop at measuring point 4 is the largest, which is 0.525 m, and the water level drop at measuring point 5 is the smallest, which is 0.116 m. The study aims to provide a basis for regional coal development planning and research on the method of water-retaining coal mining.

Evaluation and Analysis of Airside Economic Zone based on GIS Technology

The purpose of this paper is to establish a feasible indicator evaluation system for the Daxing Airport Airside Economic Zone, so as to make suggestions for the land development of Daxing Airport. The land use of Daxing Airport Airside Economic Zone may lack a reasonable planning and indicator evaluation system. Based on the results of indicator calculation, combined with the spatial analysis function of GIS, it explains the reasons for some uncoordinated development of the area, and makes targeted suggestions for improvement of the problems in each land use segment. This study aims to comprehensively assess the integrated benefits of commercial service utilization in the airport and airside areas, and therefore constructs a multi-faceted indicator evaluation system to comprehensively measure the advantages and disadvantages of land use.

Analysis and Evaluation of Extreme Rainfall Trends and Geological Hazards Risk in the Lower Jinshajiang River

This research studied the risk assessment of geological hazards, such as landslides and debris flow, under the time series and trend characteristics of extreme precipitation events in the last 60 years in nine typical regions of the lower Jinshajiang River Basin. Nine indicators, including slope, engineering geological rock group, slope structure type, distance to road, topographic relief, distance to fault, distance to the water system, vegetation cover and profile curvature, were selected as the index factors for landslide susceptibility evaluation, and the information quantity method was used to obtain the landslide susceptibility evaluation of the study area. Based on the susceptibility evaluation, the spatial analysis function of GIS was used to derive the geological hazard zoning under the extreme rainfall trend. The results showed that the areas with high extreme rainfall trends have higher densities of geological hazard development and they are concentrated, while areas with low extreme rainfall trends have relatively less geological hazard development, and what development exists is scattered.

Spatiotemporal variation and obstacle factor diagnosis of resource and environment carrying capacity of Lanzhou-Xining urban agglomeration in the upper Yellow River, Nothwest China

Based on the PSR model, we built an evaluation system for resource and environment carrying capacity. We used the entropy weight method, the comprehensive index model and the spatial analysis function of GIS to explore the spatial-temporal dynamic of the resource and environment carrying capacity of the Lanzhou-Xining urban agglomeration, and used the obstacle degree model to identify the obstacle factors. The results showed that resource and environment carrying capacity of the Lanzhou-Xining urban agglomeration from 2005 to 2018 showed a fluctuating upward trend, which was generally at good condition. The coefficient of variation of resource and environment carrying capacity had a fluctuating upward trend, while regional differences were gradually expanding. Spatially, resource and environment carrying capacity presented a "dual-core" structure centered on the main urban areas of Lanzhou and Xining. The high-level areas were mainly concentrated in the Hehuang Valley with Lanzhou and Xining as the center and some surrounding counties, while the low-level areas were distributed in the central and southern regions of the urban agglomeration. Among them, there were spatiotemporal variations of the subsystem index. The pressure index showed a fluctuating and decreasing trend, and spatially showed a decreasing distribution characteristic from Lanzhou and Xining urban areas to the peripheral areas. The state index showed a fluctuating upward trend, and spatially showed the evolution characteristics of high in the east and west wings and low in the middle. The response index showed an upward trend, and spatially showed distribution patterns high in the east and middle, and low in the west and outside. The urbanization rate, per capita industrial wastewater discharge, domestic waste harmless treatment rate, water consumption index, and the proportion of environmental protection investment in GDP are the main obstacles restricting the improvement of resource and environment carrying capacity of Lanhzhou-Xining urban agglomeration.

A GIS-based study of desert classification in Dangxiong County

Desertification as an environmental problem, monitoring its development trend, grasping its dynamic change pattern, and assessing and grading the degree of land desertification have become important contents of international desertification research. Only in this way can we obtain accurate, timely and comprehensive information on the evolution of desertified land and services for the management and decision-making of control forecasting. In this study area, we used Landsat TM remote sensing data as the data source, the human-computer interaction visual interpretation method and the spatial analysis function of GIS to obtain desertification-type data. On this basis, we analyzed the current situation and dynamic changes in desertification in the study area.

A study of the water resources management and division of the groundwater heat pump system construction in Anyang

Considering the occurrence condition and water resources management, this paper studies the zoning of the groundwater heat pump system in the city of Anyang in Henan, makes the combination of technology and management and improves the evaluation standard, which is of good practicability. The evaluation of groundwater resources management and division is established by synthetically analyzing the hydrogeological, hydrodynamic and hydrochemical conditions of Anyang. The first-level evaluation is carried out by using the improved analytic hierarchy process of cloud model. The second-level evaluation is completed by using GIS spatial analysis function, dividing the groundwater heat pump system into three grades in the study area. The results show that the suitable development area for the groundwater heat pump system is 117.45 km2, which mainly distributes in the strong groundwater-abundant area in the center of the alluvial-proluvial fan of the Anyang River and partially distributes in the peripheral area at the fan edge. The restricted development area covers an area of 459.26 km2, which distributes in the hilly weak groundwater-abundant areas in southwest and north of the fan margin with the groundwater level drawdown funnel in the center of the fan body. The forbidden development area is of 24.02 km2 and distributes crossly, covering the water source area, the protected area of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, along the railway and expressway. It is more comprehensive and reasonable to take the groundwater resources management and division into account on the basis of the suitability zoning, which may provide references for the scientific layout and rational development and utilization of the groundwater heat pump system.

Strategic Analysis for Governance Development of National Spatial Data Infrastructure Portal in Korea

The Korean government released the National Spatial Data Infrastructure Portal (NSDIP) by integrating the spatial information possessed by 205 agencies to implement governance through the portal. In this study, four evaluation criteria groups (disclosure, participation, civil petition service, and website usability) were established through a literature review related to governance and government portals. After evaluation based on the four evaluation criteria, governance improvement measures were suggested. As an improvement measure, in terms of information disclosure, it was necessary to manage the quality of data update cycle, accuracy, metadata, etc., and to provide customized spatial information. In the stakeholder participation section, feedback from users is reflected in policies, and activation of participation spaces through education and exhibitions is required. In terms of civil petition service, it is necessary to introduce an incentive system to improve innovative services and to prepare measures to prevent infringement of security and privacy in the civil petition process. In website usability, it is necessary to prepare an improvement plan by introducing user-friendly interface design using GIS viewer, and statistics and GIS spatial analysis functions. The improvement plan by the evaluation criteria is expected to be the direction to implement inclusive portal governance.

Evaluation of favourable hot dry rock areas in the east of the Yishu fault zone in China

Hot dry rock (HDR) geothermal resources have great development potential and prospects, owing to their wide distribution and high thermal storage temperature. HDR resources are abundant in China, but their exploration and exploitation remain in the early stages. The Yishu fault zone in Shandong Province in eastern China is in a high-temperature geothermal zone of the Pacific Rim. Three craters and 15 hot springs are in this area, which possesses abundant geothermal resources and favourable conditions for the occurrence of HDR resources. Nevertheless, HDR resources in this area have not been studied in detail, and the index-evaluation system for HDR is still imperfect. In this paper, five index layers are selected, including: the gravity and magnetic fields, geothermal field, tectonic activity, reservoir and cover characteristics, and remotely sensed features. Thirteen index elements were also selected as evaluation factors. In combination, these index layers and index elements have established a favourable evaluation index system for HDR resources in this region, and the analytic hierarchy process has been used to determine the weight of each factor. Then, the GIS spatial analysis function is used to carry out spatial superposition analyses for each index element, and finally the distribution characteristics of HDR resources east of the Yishu fault zone were determined, with four favourable selection areas being delineated. The occurrence conditions of HDR resources are analysed in detail with evaluation indexes. It is believed that HDR resources are closely related to neotectonic movement, volcanism and rocks with high heat-generation rates. Searching for areas with geothermal anomalies is indispensable for the evaluation of HDR resources. This study provides a basis for the exploration and development of HDR resources in the region, and it can also provide a reference for similar work in other parts of the country. KEY POINTS A set of evaluation indexes to determine favourable areas for HDR resources, including gravity, geothermal field, geological structure and crustal stability, heat storage and heat cover and features on remotely sensed images, is established. East of Yishu fault zone, there is a great potential of HDR resources, with an area of 19 399 km2 of favourable and more favourable areas, accounting for approximately 38.8% of the total area. HDR resources are likely closely associated with neotectonics, igneous activity, geothermal anomalies and rocks with a high heat-generation rate such as granites.

From Subjective and Objective Perspective to Reconstruct the High-Quality Tourism Spatial Structure―Taking Gannan Prefecture in China as an Example

Spatial relationship is the basic perspective of understanding regions. Tourism spatial structure is the spatial projection of tourism activities, reflecting the spatial attributes and interrelationships of tourism activities. In this paper, taking Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture as an example, we identified the objective and subjective tourism spatial structure of Gannan Prefecture based on the GIS spatial analysis function and using objective and subjective tourist attractions as the spatial object element. Then, the tourism spatial network was reconstructed. Results are as follows. (1) Both objective and subjective tourist attractions in Gannan Prefecture exhibit aggregated distribution. Among them, the spatial distribution of objective tourist attractions has a significant trend of contiguous aggregation, showing a relatively higher density in the northeastern and southeastern regions, and a lower density in the central and southwestern regions. This is opposite to that of the subjective tourist attractions. (2) The connectivity and accessibility between objective and subjective tourist attractions in Gannan Prefecture are poor, and only a few tourist attractions form a traffic connection with neighboring ones. (3) The objective tourism spatial network of Gannan Prefecture is layered with aggregation, and presents a significant cohesive development trend. This is opposite to the subjective one. (4) Based on the identification results of objective and subjective tourism spatial structures, the objective and subjective core tourism resources as well as tourist attractions should be integrated, and the road transportation system should be constructed and improved. Then, a high-quality tourism spatial network with ‘three poles, three axes and four groups’ was constructed. This study provides a scientific basis for the tourism spatial development, tourist route organization, the layout of tourism service facilities and product, and tourism spatial optimization in specific regions.

Spatial predication of flood zonation mapping in Kan River Basin, Iran, using artificial neural network algorithm

Flood is one of the significant natural disasters, which is treated as one of the main global concerns which increased occurrence has led to an increase in mortality rates and economic losses. Various methods have been developed and proposed for the analysis of this natural disaster. Iran is among several countries in the world, which faces severe problems of flood each year particularly in urban catchments. The present study aims to utilize GIS spatial analysis functions, data from Hydrometric and Rain-Gauge stations, satellite images, and thematic data layers in the form of Artificial Neural Network Algorithm for prediction of discharge values and spatial modeling of floods in Kan River Basin located in Tehran province. An optimized artificial neural network of 7 inputs, including slope, slope curvature, flow accumulation, NDVI, geological units, soil type, and rainfall data along with eight, sixteen and one neurons for the first, second and output hidden layers, respectively, were designed and developed. The output of the neural network was discharge values in stations. According to Table .2 in the result section, ANN method has one of the highest correlation and lowest RMSE in flood modeling. Precision parameters such as R2, RMSE and MAE were used to show the efficiency of the proposed model which yielded the values of 0.82, 0.18, and 0.13, respectively. The results obtained by the present study can be employed in future environmental planning at local scale as a means for improving the management of environmental risks and crises. The present study showed that an integrated utilization of GIS spatial analysis function with neural network algorithm is one of the high efficiency methods for predicting the potential of natural disasters such as floods.

Risk evaluation of solar greenhouse cucumbers low temperature disaster based on GIS spatial analysis in Tianjin, China

To plan the cucumber cultivation area scientifically, improve the quality of cucumber and avoid meteorological disaster risks, this article evaluates low temperature disaster risk of greenhouse cucumber in Tianjin, China. Solar greenhouses are the main carriers for facility agriculture in North China which usually do not carry heating and supplementary lighting equipments. Consequently, growth and development of crops are still indirectly influenced by the greenhouse outside weather in some extent. In recent years, low temperature disaster of cucumber during overwintering periods happens frequently which brings large influence on cultivation and production of cucumbers in Tianjin. This research takes three types of solar greenhouses with different heat-retaining capacities as the facility carriers to evaluate the low temperature disaster risk of cucumbers grown in different greenhouses. First, study the corresponding relationship between microclimate elements in greenhouse and meteorological elements out of greenhouse based on assurance rate method and conduct the indexes caused cucumber low temperature disaster in different greenhouses at different development stages. Then, construct the risk evaluation model for low temperature disaster based on natural disaster risk evaluation theory. Finally, the low temperature disaster risk zone-division is realized based on GIS spatial analysis function to evaluate cucumber low temperature disaster risk comprehensively.Abbreviations:SG: solar-greenhouse; Cucu: cucumber; LTD: low temperature disaster; RE: risk evaluation; GIS: geographic information system; TJ: Tianjin

GIS 공간분석기법을 활용한 전시컨벤션센터의 최적입지 결정에 관한 연구 - 강원도 지역을 중심으로

The exhibition and convention center plays a role in cultural activities for local residents as well as the function of business consultation sites such as exhibitions and conventions. It is an important facility in terms of the effect of the regional economy and the city's status. The government exhibited three factors of the adequacy of the exhibition facilities in the region, the facilities and infrastructure evaluation, and the qualitative evaluation. Since the spatial analysis function of GIS has the merit that it can find and compare various location candidates under multi-standard decision making by efficiently analyzing geographical attributes. In order to enhance the applicability and to conduct empirical analysis, we selected Gangwon-do, the only one of the municipal governments, which does not have an exhibition and convention center. Based on the actual data, only six items of the exhibition facilities and infrastructure evaluation, which can be quantitatively evaluated. The results of the study showed that the existing weights did not secure discriminant power. As a result of adding 'population number' and 'road accessibility' items which were suggested as important items in the previous research, it was confirmed that the discrimination power of the optimal site selection is expanded.

The Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Urban Construction Land Expansion in Wuhan, Central China

Data of construction land in Wuhan city were obtained from remote sensing image in different periods. Based on the spatial analysis function of GIS, the characteristics of construction land expansion were identified by several methods to analyse the spatial-temporal features of Wuhan city area from 1995 to 2015, which included expansion speed, expansion elasticity, contribution rate of expansion, centre-ofgravity shift, and quadrant orientation. The results showed that the construction land area increased gradually from 1995 to 2015 in Wuhan city, and the expansion speed first increased and then decreased. The direction of construction land expansion in Wuhan city was expanded to the southwest significantly. The construction land expansion can’t meet the needs of population growth. Jiangxia district contributed most to the expansion of Wuhan city.

Digital soil map of the Ussuri River basin

On the basis of digital soil, topographic, and geological maps; raster topography model; forestry materials; and literature data, the digital soil map of the Ussuri River basin (24400 km2) was created on a scale of 1: 100000. To digitize the initial paper-based maps and analyze the results, an ESRI ArcGIS Desktop (ArcEditor) v.10.1 (http://www.esri.com) and an open-code SAGA GIS v.2.3 (System for Automated Geoscientific Analyses, http://www.saga-gis.org) were used. The spatial distribution of soil areas on the obtained digital soil map is in agreement with modern cartographic data and the SRTM digital elevation model (SRTM DEM). The regional soil classification developed by G.I. Ivanov was used in the legend to the soil map. The names of soil units were also correlated with the names suggested in the modern Russian soil classification system. The major soil units on the map are at the soil subtypes that reflect the entire vertical spectrum of soils in the south of the Far East of Russia (Primorye region). These are mountainous tundra soils, podzolic soils, brown taiga soils, mountainous brown forest soils, bleached brown soils, meadow-brown soils, meadow gley soils, and floodplain soils). With the help of the spatial analysis function of GIS, the comparison of the particular characteristics of the soil cover with numerical characteristics of the topography, geological composition of catchments, and vegetation cover was performed.

Commentary on Polygon Overlay using MapReduce and Random Forest

Geographical Information System is known for its analytical capability. The spatial analysis function of GIS is the major factors that distinguish the GIS from other information system. This analysis provides with the functions such as spatial interpolation, buffering, and overlay operations [2]. Among all these functions, the focus on the study here is on overlay operation for polygon on polygon, using MapReduce and Random Forest. The capability to overlay multiple data layers in a vertical fashion is the most required and common technique in geographic data processing. In this study, we focus on the comparison between polygon overlay operation with and without spatial index in MapReduce and also proposed method for polygon overlay using Random Forest and its comparison with MapReduce algorithm.

Modeling effectiveness of management practices for flood mitigation using GIS spatial analysis functions in Upper Cilliwung watershed

Flooding is caused by excessive rainfall flowing downstream as cumulative surface runoff. Flooding event is a result of complex interaction of natural system components such as rainfall events, land use, soil, topography and channel characteristics. Modeling flooding event as a result of interaction of those components is a central theme in watershed management. The model is usually used to test performance of various management practices in flood mitigation. There are various types of management practices for flood mitigation including vegetative and structural management practices. Existing hydrological model such as SWAT and HEC-HMS models have limitation to accommodate discrete management practices such as infiltration well, small farm reservoir, silt pits in its analysis due to the lumped structure of these models. Aim of this research is to use raster spatial analysis functions of Geo-Information System (RGIS-HM) to model flooding event in Ciliwung watershed and to simulate impact of discrete management practices on surface runoff reduction. The model was validated using flooding data event of Ciliwung watershed on 29 January 2004. The hourly hydrograph data and rainfall data were available during period of model validation. The model validation provided good result with Nash-Suthcliff efficiency of 0.8. We also compared the RGIS-HM with Netlogo Hydrological Model (NL-HM). The RGIS-HM has similar capability with NL-HM in simulating discrete management practices in watershed scale.

Analysis of the Ecological Sensitivity of Pengyang County Based on Key Factors

Through selecting key factors such as gradient, exposure, erosive channel, soil erosion and vegetation coverage, the paper establishes the factor index system for the evaluation of the ecological system of Pengyang County, determines the weight of evaluation factors, makes analysis on key ecological factors, sets up the comprehensive sensitivity evaluation model of the ecological system, and obtains the ecological sensitivity grade, area, and spatial distribution of the study area through GIS spatial analysis function, factor superposition method, and analytic hierarchy process. The findings are as follows: the zone extremely sensitive to the ecology covers 82956.47 hm, accounting for 32.98%. Landforms in the area usually include steep slopes with rich vegetation, and high ecological value, erosive channels, and zones affected by erosive channels, all of which are under the key protection; the zone moderately sensitive to the ecology cover 104613.69 hm, accounting for 41.59%. Landforms in the area usually include forestlands of gentle relief and diversified plants. A good many factors should be taken into consideration in the development of the areas; the zone slightly sensitive to the ecology covers 63965.53 hm, accounting for 25.43%. Landforms in the area are usually of low elevation and flat, mainly ordinary greenbelt with singular vegetation, sections with poor vegetation, and farmlands. The area is resistant to human disturbance and able to go through development and construction of the specific intensity. The lands can be developed for a variety of purposes, but attention should be paid to the development intensity.