The essence of folk drama and its expressions, particularly within the context of Indian theatre, using Girish Karnad's play "Hayavadana" as a case study. It highlights how folk drama encapsulates the mindset, lifestyle, and societal perspectives of specific regions, transmitted orally or through performances. Karnad's reworking of folktales and myths for contemporary issues is discussed, emphasizing his fusion of classical and folk elements in his plays. The abstract explores the use of various folk theatrical devices such as Sutradhar, masks, dolls, and actor-audience interaction in "Hayavadana" to convey complex themes of identity, completeness, and the human condition. It also touches upon the adaptability and improvisational nature of folk stories and their relevance across time and space. Overall, it presents a comprehensive analysis of theme of folk traditions inform and enrich contemporary theatre practices.