Gibson Island Research Articles

Sustained Control of Gibson Island, Maryland, Populations of Ixodes scapularis and Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae) by Community-Administered 4-Poster Deer Self-Treatment Bait Stations

In 1998, twenty-five 4-Poster deer treatment bait stations were deployed on Gibson Island (GI), Maryland, as part of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Northeast Area-Wide Tick Control Project. Treatments concluded in June 2002, having achieved 80% and 99.5% control of blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis, and lone star ticks, Amblyomma americanum, respectively. No area-wide tick control was attempted again on the island until 2003, when 15 Dandux-manufactured 4-Posters were purchased by the GI Corporation and operated until the present. Annual flagging at sites on the island and a similar untreated area on the nearby mainland in May and June from 1998 to 2007 has demonstrated that populations of host-seeking nymphs of both tick species have remained at consistently low levels on the island during GI Corporation administration of the 4-Posters, in spite of 40% fewer 4-Posters and increased deer density during 2003-2007.

Risk of Lyme disease: perceptions of residents of a Lone Star tick-infested community.

Lone Star ticks (Amblyomma americanum) have been suggested as a vector of the agent of Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato) in the USA, based on associations with an infection manifesting mainly as erythema migrans. In laboratory experiments, however, they failed to transmit B. burgdorferi sensu stricto. In this study, carried out from 1994 to 1996, we determined the seroprevalences of B. burgdorferi (1.2%), Ehrlichia chaffeensis (7%), E. phagocytophila (0%), Rickettsia rickettsii (0%), R. typhi (0%), Coxiella burneti (0%), Francisella tularensis (0%), and Babesia microti (0%) by standard serological methods for 325 residents (97% of the total population) of Gibson Island, coastal Maryland, USA, where 15% of the residents reported having had Lyme disease within a recent 5-year span. Of the 167 seronegative individuals who were followed up prospectively for 235 person-years of observation, only 2 (0.85%) seroconverted for B. burgdorferi. Of 1556 ticks submitted from residents, 95% were identified as Lone Star ticks; only 3% were deer ticks (Ixodes dammini), the main American vector of Lyme disease. B. burgdorferi s.s. infected 20% of host-seeking immature deer ticks, and borreliae ("B. lonestari") were detected in 1-2% of Lone Star ticks. Erythema migrans was noted in 65% of self-reports of Lyme disease, but many such reports indicated that the rash was present while the tick was still attached, suggesting a reaction to the bite itself rather than true Lyme disease. Sera from individuals reporting Lyme disease generally failed to react to B. burgdorferi or any other pathogen antigens. The residents of Gibson Island had an exaggerated perception of the risk of Lyme disease because they were intensely infested with an aggressively human-biting and irritating nonvector tick. In addition, a Lyme disease mimic of undescribed etiology (named Masters' disease) seems to be associated with Lone Star ticks, and may confound Lyme disease surveillance. The epidemiological and entomological approach used in this study might fruitfully be applied wherever newly emergent tickborne zoonoses have been discovered.

Optimise what you have first! Low cost upgrading of plants for improved nutrient removal

Brisbane Water has undertaken an investigation into low cost options to imprrove the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus for two of its wastewater treatment plants. Luggage Point Stage 2 (300,000 e.p.) is a conventional activated sludge plant designed for nitrification. Gibson Island (150,000 e.p.) is an extended aeration activated sludge plant designed for nitrogen removal to less than 10 mgTN/l. Extensive modelling and plant simulation were carried out to evaluate the potential of various modified operational modes before the most promising modes were trialed on the full scale plants. Operational trials are proceeding well and improved nitrogen removal to less than 3 mgTN/l for Gibson Island and to less than 10 mgTN/l for Luggage Point have been achieved. Improved phosphorus removal has also been achieved for periods at both plants (less than 4 mgTP/L for Luggage Point and less than 2.5 mgTP/l at Gibson Island). However, phosphorus removal has not been consistent and trials are ongoing to determine the sustainable level of phosphorus removal for these plants. The conclusion of the trials to date is that operational strategies can be implemented for these plants to effect the removal of substantial quantities of nitrogen and phosphorus for a minimum of capital cost. This paper presents the results of the various operational strategies that have been trialed and implemented for both plants. When considering the upgrading of a plant for improved nutrient removal, the principle of “Optimise What You Have First” can sometimes produce surprisingly high nutrient removal levels for a very modest capital expenditure.

Optimise what you have first! low cost upgrading of plants for improved nutrient removal

Brisbane Water has undertaken an investigation into low cost options to imprrove the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus for two of its wastewater treatment plants. Luggage Point Stage 2 (300,000 e.p.) is a conventional activated sludge plant designed for nitrification. Gibson Island (150,000 e.p.) is an extended aeration activated sludge plant designed for nitrogen removal to less than 10 mgTN/l. Extensive modelling and plant simulation were carried out to evaluate the potential of various modified operational modes before the most promising modes were trialed on the full scale plants. Operational trials are proceeding well and improved nitrogen removal to less than 3 mgTN/l for Gibson Island and to less than 10 mgTN/l for Luggage Point have been achieved. Improved phosphorus removal has also been achieved for periods at both plants (less than 4 mgTP/L for Luggage Point and less than 2.5 mgTP/l at Gibson Island). However, phosphorus removal has not been consistent and trials are ongoing to determine the sustainable level of phosphorus removal for these plants. The conclusion of the trials to date is that operational strategies can be implemented for these plants to effect the removal of substantial quantities of nitrogen and phosphorus for a minimum of capital cost. This paper presents the results of the various operational strategies that have been trialed and implemented for both plants. When considering the upgrading of a plant for improved nutrient removal, the principle of “Optimise What You Have First” can sometimes produce surprisingly high nutrient removal levels for a very modest capital expenditure.

Gordon Conference director to retire

Alexander M. Cruickshank, 73, organizer of the Gordon Research Conferences for the past 45 years, has announced that he will retire as director within the next two years. The board of trustees will retain an executive search firm to hire his replacement. The conferences were founded by chemistry professor Neil E. Gordon of Johns Hopkins University in 1931. First called the Gibson Island Research Conferences and then the Chemical Research Conferences, they grew from one event in 1931 to 130 conferences this year. Gordon withdrew in 1944 owing to ill health. The gatherings were named the Gordon Research Conferences in 1948, one year before he died. Cruickshank, born in 1919 in Marlboro, N.H., received a B.S. degree in chemistry from Rhode Island State College in 1943 and an M.S. degree from the same college in 1945. He joined the school's faculty in 1945 and that of the University of Massachusetts in 1948. In 1954, he ...

Developments in Louisiana Gulf Coast in 1972

The Louisiana Gulf Coast region consists of the 38 southern parishes of Louisiana and 16 continental shelf areas extending out to the 600-ft water-depth limit. There were 2,060 exploratory and development wells drilled in 1972, an increase of 6% from the previous year. Of the exploratory wells, 17.5% were successful. Success for development wells was 65.5% for 1972. A total of 14 significant new field discoveries was drilled in 1972, 8 onshore, 6 offshore. The most important are: Hospital Bayou, Bayou Saveur, North Parcperdue, and Eugene Island Block 330. The most significant new pools and extensions were at Chacahoula, NW Cameron, Charenton, Bayou Des Glaise, Gibson, Orange Grove, South Melodia, and Eugene Island Block 276. Geophysical activity remained about the same as a year ago, both onshore and offshore. Leasing activity onshore declined 16% from a year ago, with the Cretaceous trend again being most active. After months of delay, offshore federal leasing was resumed in late 1972. Two federal sales were held at which the industry paid $2,250,000,000 for 181 tracts.

SMALL, INTIMATE SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCES

IN THE DEPTHS of the depression of the thirties, the late Neil E. Gordon, then professor of chemical education at Johns Hopkins, foresaw difficulty of communication between scientists. The problem would gain such magnitude, he thought, that it might stunt creativity. This was at a time in our history when embarking on seemingly nebulous programs and raising money for them required great courage and persistence. Dr. Gordon had these traits, and he sold a number of chemical and chemical process companies on the idea of supporting a series of small conferences on highly specialized topics. For years these were known as the Gibson Island Conferences—Gibson Island being a delightful retreat in Chesapeake Bay not too far from Baltimore. Dr. Gordon deplored meetings en masse as often preventing, rather than promoting, fruitful contacts between creative minds. Furthermore, he felt that some meetings, by their very size, were attracting people who lacked deep insight and true interest. ...

Approaches to Tumor Chemotherapy. A Symposium of Papers and Discussions on Various Aspects of Tumor Chemotherapy, Developed from the Summer Meetings of the Section on Chemistry (C) of the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Gibson Island, Maryland, 1945-1946.Forest Ray Moulton

Previous articleNext article No AccessNew Biological BooksApproaches to Tumor Chemotherapy. A Symposium of Papers and Discussions on Various Aspects of Tumor Chemotherapy, Developed from the Summer Meetings of the Section on Chemistry (C) of the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Gibson Island, Maryland, 1945-1946. Forest Ray Moulton Frank H. J. FiggeFrank H. J. Figge Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Quarterly Review of Biology Volume 24, Number 1Mar., 1949 Published in association with Stony Brook University Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/396880 PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Approaches to Tumor Chemotherapy

THE historical introduction to this series of papers is by the doyen of American cancer research, W. H. Woglom, who with brilliant lucidity and charming modesty of style describes the use of the innumerable agents of mineral, plant, animal or synthetic origin which have figured in the untiring attack on malignant disease by chemotherapy. He believes that hormone therapy has given the first hopes of ultimate success. Approaches to Tumor Chemotherapy A symposium of Papers and Discussions on various Aspects of Tumor Chemotherapy, developed from the Summer Meetings of the Section on Chemistry (C) of the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Gibson Island, Maryland, 1945–1946. Edited by Forest Ray Moulton. Pp. x + 442. (Washington, D.C.: American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1947.) n.p.

Chemical Research Conferences

THE Chemical Research Conferences, formerly known as the Gibson Island Research Conferences, are sponsored by the American Association for the Advancement of Science. They were organized on a continuing basis by Neil E. Gordon in 1938. Gifts from industrial companies whose laboratories have been represented at the conferences provided the funds with which the AAAS purchased the conference property on Gibson Island located in Chesapeake Bay a few miles south of Baltimore, Md. The management committee of the conferences decided this year to dispose of the Gibson Island property and to move to a location more suited to the specific needs of the group. The name of the organization has been changed from the Gibson Island Research Conferences to the Chemical Research Conferences. Location The Chemical Research Conferences for 1947 will be held at the Colby Junior College, in the New England vacation country, at New London, N. H. The entire facilities of the ...

A. A. A. S. Research Conference on Cancer. A Conference of Papers and Discussions Presented at the Summer Meeting of the Section on Chemistry of the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Gibson Island, Maryland, July 31-August 4, 1944.Forest Ray Moulton

<i>A. A. A. S. Research Conference on Cancer. A Conference of Papers and Discussions Presented at the Summer Meeting of the Section on Chemistry of the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Gibson Island, Maryland, July 31-August 4, 1944.</i>Forest Ray Moulton

A.A.A.S. Research Conference on Cancer

LIKE other peaceful pursuits of science, cancer research has probably been less interrupted during the war year in the United States than in Europe, and the publication of the papers and discussions at the American Association for the Advancement of Science Research Conference on Cancer held in 1944 is particularly valuable to non-American readers as “A landmark that records in some measure the status of cancer research in 1944”, to quote from the introductory remarks of the chairman of the Conference, Dr. Dean Burk. In fact, the contents do seem almost fully up to date, partly no doubt because post-conference amendments and additions have been permitted to the participants. A judicious combination of this privilege with verbatim reporting by the new stenotypic method has resulted in a lively and informal record, especially in the discussions of the various papers presented, and the volume is a worthy successor to the earlier publication of the Association—“Some Fundamental Aspects of the Cancer Problem”, which appeared in 1936. A.A.A.S. Research Conference on Cancer A Conference of Papers and Discussions presented at the Summer Meeting of the Section on Chemistry of the American Association for the Advancement of Science at Gibson Island, Maryland, July 31–August 4, 1944. Edited by Forest Ray Moulton. Pp. x + 333. (Washington, D.C.: American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1945.)

American association for the advancement of science—gibson island conferences. Frontiers in chemistry

American association for the advancement of science—gibson island conferences. Frontiers in chemistry

Gibson Island Conferences

THIS is the ninth summer that special research conferences on chemistry and its allied fields have been held at Gibson Island under the auspices of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Conferences for the summer of 1946 are scheduled for the weeks of June 17 through Aug. 23. A. Petroleum Chemistry S. S. KURTZ, JR., Chairman P. D. BARTLETT, Vice Chairman June 17 E. BRIGHT WILSON, JR. Infrared and Raman Spectra (Considered from a Fundamental Point of View). R. S. MULLIKEN. Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra (Theoretical Aspects). June 18 G. W. WHELAND. Theory of the Chemical Bond and Resonance in Hydrocarbons. P. D. BARTLETT. Report of Committee on Future Policy of Conference on Petroleum Chemistry at Gibson Island. Discussion is invited. June 19 HENRY EYRING. Theory of Viscosity of Hydrocarbons. R. W. SCHIESSLER. Correlation of Structure with Physical Properties of Heavy Hydrocarbons. June 20 A. FARKAS. Use of Stable Isotopic Tracer Elements in Chemical ...

The Gibson Island Conference on Cancer

The Gibson Island Conference on Cancer

A.A.A.S.—Gibson Island Conferences Frontiers in Chemistry

THIS is the seventh summer that special research conferences on chemistry and its allied fields have been held at Gibson Island under the auspices of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Conferences for the summer of 1944 are scheduled for the weeks of June 12 through August 21. A. Petroleum Chemistry FREDERICK D. ROSSINI, Chairman GEORGE CALINGAERT, Vice Chairman June 12 VLADIMIR A. KALICHEVSKY. Lubrication. WILLIAM E. CHALFANTE. Wartime Thermal Cracking. June 13 THEODORE W. EVANS. Chemicals from Petroleum. PER K. FROLICH. Hydrocarbon Polymers and Synthetic Rubber. June 14 MANBON BENEDICT. Extractive and Azeotropic Distillation. BEVERIDGE J. MAIR. Fractionation and Analysis of Hydrocarbons by Adsorption. June 15 PAUL D. BARTLETT. Interpretation of Hydrocarbon Reactions with Carbonium Ion. FREDERICK D. ROSSINI AND KENNETH S. PITZER. Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Hydrocarbons. June 16 OTTO BEECK AND R. ROBERT BRATTAIN. Spectrographic Analysis of Hydrocarbons. B. Catalysis OTT...

A . A . A . S.—Gibson Island Conferences

THIS is the fifth summer that special research conferences on chemistry and its allied fields have been held at Gibson Island under auspices of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. During this five-year period they have grown from two weeks in the summer of 1938 to ten weeks in 1942. Because of this growth the association has purchased a property, and the conferences are now placed on a permanent basis. These Gibson Island conferences owe their excellence and popularity to careful planning of the programs by experts, choice of the invited contributors, freedom with which contributors make excursions along and sometimes beyond the frontiers of the known, opportunities for abundant discussion, limitation of participants to 60, mingling of chemists from industrial and university laboratories, and delightful surroundings. At its business meeting each conference determines the subject of the corresponding conference for the following year and nominates its chairman and vice chairman, who ar...

Research Conferences on Chemistry at Gibson Island

Research Conferences on Chemistry at Gibson Island

Research Conferences on Chemistry at Gibson Island

Research Conferences on Chemistry at Gibson Island