Giant Basal Cell Carcinoma Research Articles

Patent blue interferes with the measurement of lipemia index in a patient with sentinel lymph node.

Lipids interfere with absorbance measurements conducted using colorimetric methods. To monitor lipemia, some systems measure absorbance using an analyzer. This report describes a novel case of interference with the lipemia index without lipemia. A 64-year-old woman with giant basal cell carcinoma underwent resection and sentinel lymph node biopsy. The patient had been subcutaneously injected with patent blue during sentinel lymph node resection. After surgery, her serum and urine were yellow-green, and the lipemia index, calculated by measuring absorbance at 658 nm (main wavelength) and 694 nm (secondary wavelength) using a JCA-BM8040 chemistry analyzer, was high. The absorbance spectrum of the patient's serum and patent blue solution were compared to determine the cause of the high lipemia index. The patient's serum and the patent blue solution showed absorption at wavelengths between 540 and 698 nm. Moreover, the absorbance was concentration-dependent for patent blue. These results thus indicated that the patient's serum contained patent blue. Here, we report a case wherein patent blue affected the lipemia index. Thus, it must be noted that patent blue injection may yield inaccurate results when evaluating lipemia index.

Super giant basal cell carcinoma: a comprehensive systematic review.

Super giant basal cell carcinoma (SGBCC), defined as greater than 20cm in diameter, is a rare oncological entity, with scarce literature. The authors conducted a review to characterize SGBCC, specifically with regards to age, sex predilection, risk factors, geographical location, body site, metastasis, and treatment. A systematic literature search was conducted from 1972 to 2023. All abstracts, studies, and citations were reviewed. The initial result showed 47281 articles and were filtered down for human, skin, English language, and SGBCC. The authors identified 20 case reports for our analysis. The sample size was too small to conduct extensive statistical analysis. Majority of the cases were reported in North America and Europe. Males outnumbered almost females 2:1. The mean age was 61 years. The lesion was located on trunk in 16 out of 20 cases. In 13 out of 20 years, the lesion had been present for more than 10 years and 7 out of 20 cases reported metastasis. Several reports documented low socioeconomic status and poor mental health. Regarding treatment, 11 patients underwent surgery, radiation was utilized in 6 patients and immunotherapy (Vismodegib) in 4 patients. Although basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is known to have a favorable prognosis, SGBCC is highly aggressive with ability to metastasize. Our review reveals SGBCC is commonly diagnosed in males in their sixth decade, present for more than 10 years duration, risk factors include low socioeconomic status and poor mental health, commonly found on the trunk with a predilection for metastasis. The authors believe self-neglect is the likely etiology of the large size. Treatment options may be multimodal with a combination of surgery, radiation therapy or immunotherapy (Vismodegib).

Giant neglected unresectable ulcerated basal cell carcinoma of face: Radiotherapy at rescue

Abstract Basal cell carcinomas are typically considered indolent and slowly progressing tumors, but giant basal cell carcinomas are more aggressive with more risk of invasion and poor prognosis. management of such giant BCCs is difficult due to difficulty in surgical approach. we hereby reporting a case of giant ulcerated BCC of face treated with radiotherapy as a rescue treatment.

Locally aggressive giant basal cell carcinoma of the head with focus on surgical treatment - a case report

Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma is the most common non melanoma skin cancer. It accounts for approximately 80% of all skin cancers. Case report: We presented a 62-year-old patient with a giant, deeply infiltrative, destructive lesion of the head which lasted for 15 years. Microbiological analysis showed contamination, computed tomography (CT) scan showed deep infiltration and bone destruction. The risks of operative treatment were numerous. The treatment was more complicated by infection, infiltrative spreading and the patient's comorbidity. Regardless, we decided on a wide surgical resection with pathohistological evaluation of the resection margins. The patient denied oncological treatment. After 10 years, there were no recurrent tumours. Conclusion: Aggressive surgical treatment is the treatment of choice for giant basal cell carcinoma. In the case of giant locally aggressive and advanced neoplasms, when surgery is not appropriate or not possible, medical treatment becomes oncological.

Recommendations for Cost-Conscious Treatment of Basal Cell Carcinoma.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) affects 3.3 million Americans annually. Treatment modalities for BCC include many surgical and nonsurgical options. The cost of BCC treatment can pose a substantial burden to patients and the healthcare system. Cost can be an important consideration in BCC treatment planning. We present an approach to the management of BCC when cost reduction is a priority. A PubMed literature search identified studies on effectiveness of current BCC therapies. Treatment prices were obtained from the Medicare National Fee Schedule, GoodRx, and pharmaceutical companies. The American Academy of Dermatology's (AAD) guidelines for treating BCC were used to develop recommendations for cost-reductive treatment. The cost of treating a primary superficial BCC < 0.5cm arising on Area M (cheeks, forehead, scalp, neck, jawline, pretibial surface) was $143 with curettage and electrodesiccation (C&E), $143 with cryosurgery, $210 with standard excision and simple reconstruction (SE), $1221 with Mohs Micrographic Surgery (MMS) and simple reconstruction, $472 with imiquimod, $186 with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and $354-$371 for photodynamic therapy (PDT). The cost of treating a primary nodular BCC 1.1-2cm arising on Area L (trunk and extremities, excluding pretibial surface, hands, feet, nail units and ankles) was $183 with C&E, $183 with cryosurgery, $251 with SE and simple reconstruction, $1163-1351 with MMS and simple reconstruction, $472 with imiquimod, $186 with 5-FU, and $354-$371 for photodynamic therapy (PDT). The cost of treating a giant BCC (BCC > 10cm with aggressive behavior) was $465-3311 with radiation, $139,560 with vismodegib, $144,452 with sonidegib, ~ $44.5 with cisplatin (medication cost only), and at least $184,836 with cemiplimab-rwlc. For a primary superficial BCC < 0.5cm arising on Area M, the cost-conscious algorithm prioritizes C&E or cryosurgery. For a primary nodular BCC 1.1-2cm arising on Area L, the cost-conscious algorithm prioritizes C&E, cryosurgery, or 5-FU. For a giant BCC, the cost-conscious algorithm identifies superficial radiation therapy as first line.

Giant nodular basal cell skin cancer

The article presents clinical case report of primary giant nodular basal cell skin cancer in two patients at the age of 64 and 68 years and with disease duration of 20 and 15 years respectively. Psychological status of fear and anxiety are considered the main reasons for the late health encounter.&#x0D; The clinical picture of the case report was characterized by a slow long-term asymptomatic growth of solitary tumor-like mushroom-shaped nodes of stagnant pink color with a bumpy surface, densely elastic consistency, adherent to underlying soft tissues and sized 9.5 7.0 cm and 5.0 9.0 cm respectively. Giant basaliomas were located on the scalp in a woman and on the trunk skin in a man. The clinical tumors features are corresponded to those of a large conglomerated basal cell skin cancer. The article also presents a description of the clinical and dermatoscopic picture of giant nodular basaliomas.&#x0D; The patients underwent curative surgical excision of tumors with pathomorphological examination of the postoperative material. The histological picture of giant basal cell carcinoma in both cases is represented by tumors of a complex structure, namely a solid adenoid type with invasion into the reticular dermis and subcutaneous fat. The low biological potential of giant nodular basaliomas has been established.

Giant basal cell carcinoma of the skin: Report of two cases

Giant basal cell carcinoma of the skin: Report of two cases

Giant basal cell carcinoma of the scalp: rotation advancement flap as a successful dermatosurgical approach.

Giant keratinocyte tumors, in particular basal cell carcinomas of the scalp area, are a serious challenge for dermatosurgeons, oncologists, and maxillofacial and reconstructive surgeons. The scalp area is limited in terms of skin mobility, and its elasticity decreases with age. The size of the tumors in this area and the degree of infiltration of the underlying tissues are important for the therapeutic choice, from surgical removal, waiting for granulations to form, and placing a split skin mesh graft (at a later stage) to performing complex rotational/transpositional or advancement flaps. Achieving an optimal aesthetic result is often the consequence of interventions carried out or based on the decisions of multidisciplinary teams. Alternatives, such as radiotherapy and targeted therapy with vismodegib, could be administered both preoperatively and postoperatively or as first-line therapy, depending on the tumor board decisions. We present the case of a 69-year-old female patient with a histopathologically proven preoperative giant basal cell carcinoma of the scalp that did not infiltrate the tabula externa. A preoperative ultrasound was performed to preserve the feeding flap arteries. Surgical treatment under general anesthesia was planned and subsequently carried out. During surgery, the surgical resection lines were in close proximity to the arterial vessels, but they remained preserved and ensured a subsequently unproblematic healing process. After the application of the rotational advancement flap technique under general anesthesia, an optimal cosmetic effect was achieved.

A Rare Case of Neglected Giant Basal Cell Carcinoma in a Nurse-Case Report and Literature Review.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer in the fair-skinned adult population over 50 years of age and the incidence is rising. Generally, BCC has an indolent course, low mortality and a good prognosis due to low rates of metastasis. Giant basal cell carcinoma is a rare reported oncological entity which accounts for 0.5% to 1% of all cases of BCC and has a diameter larger than 5cm. Basosquamous carcinoma is a rare high-risk type of BCC with clinical and histopathological features of both BCC and squamous cell carcinoma. A 61-year-old female presented to our clinic for a giant bleeding tumor located under her left breast. She initially noted the tumor almost 15 years ago. Although the patient was a nurse, she was afraid to seek medical advice until an episode of significant bleeding. At presentation the tumor was a 15/7cm in size, was invading the underlying structures and had a central ulceration. The margins of the tumoral plaque had several nodules and pearly structures suggesting the possible clinical diagnosis of BCC.

Гигантская базальноклеточная карцинома (клиническое наблюдение)

Basal cell skin cancer, or basal cell carcinoma (BCC), is the most common malignant tumor originating from skin keratinocytes or hair follicles. Giant BCCs are malignant skin neoplasms sized more than 5 cm with a greater tendency to invasion and metastasis than "standard" BCCs (sized less than 5 cm). Two or more foci in one person at the same time rarely occur. This paper describes a 69-year-old woman with skin lesions affecting the left scapula sized 20×10 cm and xiphoid process sized 7×4.5 cm that have existed for more than 15 years. During this period, the patient received various treatments with temporary insignificant improvement. Dermoscopy of the skin lesion of the scapula revealed pathological tree- like and tortuous vessels, homogeneous white and red zones, and ulcerations. Dermoscopy of skin lesion of the xiphoid process was uninformative because of rough surface hemorrhagic crusts. Cytology identified complexes of basaloid cells with atypia. Pathomorphologically, both tumors belonged to nodular BCC. For additional examination and treatment decisions, the patient was referred to the regional oncological dispensary. KEYWORDS: skin cancer, giant basal cell carcinoma, dermoscopy, pathomorphological examination, nodular type. FOR CITATION: Grekova Yu.N., Zilberberg N.V., Rimar O.G. Giant basal cell carcinoma (case report). Russian Medical Inquiry. 2023;7(6):383– 386 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-6-7.

Giant basal cell carcinoma of the scrotum: A case report and review of the literature

AbstractBasal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer. However, BCC on the scrotum is very rare, with an incidence of 0.03%. Giant BCC, in which the tumour is larger than 5 cm, has also been reported as a rare variant. Here, we report a 71‐year‐old male with a giant BCC on the scrotum and review similar cases reported in English. None of the four cases of giant BCC on the scrotum, including the present case, showed lymph node or distant metastasis. Wide local excision was conducted in all cases, and no recurrence was reported. The role of human papilloma virus in scrotal BCC development remains unclear.

Surgical treatment of giant basal cell carcinoma of the face: our experience

Surgical treatment of giant basal cell carcinoma of the face: our experience

Neglected cutaneous skin malignancy: A patient with concurrent giant basal cell carcinoma and melanoma

BackgroundGiant basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) are a rare subtype of BCC that grow to be greater than 5 cm in diameter. With the increase in size, there is a corresponding increase in metastatic rate and state of local invasion, with a clinical morphology that can be hard to differentiate from other subtypes of cutaneous malignancy. Although histologically equivalent to their common sub‐centimetre counterparts, giant BCCs can precipitate significant systematic medical morbidity as well as psychological trauma, and can be a real surgical reconstructive challenge to clinicians.AimsTo add breadth to the existing cases in the literature, as well as a fresh patient perspective on the psychological challenges in a patient with Giant BCC.Materials & MethodsA case from the Waikato Hospital, New Zealand referred to the Plastic and Reconstructive Department is carefully photographed, ordered, and presented.ResultsWe present a case of a 15 cm giant BCC of the back existing alongside a neglected thick exophytic melanoma of the elbow in a patient who had been too embarrassed to approach healthcare professionals. These skin lesions were an incidental discovery by the general practitioner after the patient presented with symptoms of shortness of breath.DiscussionNeglected skin cancers can fungate and be clinically morphologically confusing. Photographs of examples of these tumours can hone clinician awareness of the existance of Giant BCCs.ConclusionGiant BCCs are an entity yet to receive standardized treatment stratification. Prompt diagnosis and staging scans mean an expedited path to wide local excision and reconstruction, resulting in timely resolution of patients' immediate morbidity from their oncological disease burden.

Axial flap for giant basal cell carcinoma of the anterior chest wall: Case report.

Introduction and importanceAnterior chest wall Giant Basal Cell Carcinoma (GBCC) is rare amongst GBCC cases and results in a large defect that is challenging to resect and reconstruct. It requires multidisciplinary approach to prevent recurrence.Case presentationA 72-year-old man with giant basal cell carcinoma at the anterior chest wall measuring 10 × 6 cm. Wide resection of 1 cm margin with axial flap was performed to close the defect. The follow-up report stated that the patient was satisfied with the result and there was no recurrence observed.Clinical discussionReview of literatures concludes that GBCC is excised with a minimum of 4-6 mm margin outside the tumor area. The axial IMAP flap is ideal to close the upper chest wall defect because of the better aesthetic outcome compared to other conventional flaps, especially in stable elderly male, patients with noninfected wound. Increased skin laxity and more relaxed skin tension associated with aging allows easier tissue mobilization and transfer to close the defect.ConclusionAxial flap for GBCC in anterior chest wall is ideal, safe, and has the advantage of aesthetic reasons of suitable skin tone, particularly for stable elderly male patients.

A lobulated mass on the upper back with prominent vasculature: A giant basal cell carcinoma.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is characterized by slow but locally invasive growth. Although there is low metastatic potential, if not treated early, these skin cancers can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. In this case report, we present a man with a neglected BCC that developed into what is termed a giant BCC or one that is greater than 5 cm. This tumor was discovered only upon workup of orthostatic lightheadedness and iron deficiency anemia. Although rare, basal cell carcinoma must be included on the differential of a large cutaneous lesion and may be a source of significant blood loss.

Radiation Therapy for Giant Basal Cell Carcinoma of Occipital Region of a Patient with Intellectual Disability

Radiation Therapy for Giant Basal Cell Carcinoma of Occipital Region of a Patient with Intellectual Disability

A Case of Giant Basal Cell Carcinoma on the Head

A Case of Giant Basal Cell Carcinoma on the Head

Clinical features, pathology, and surgical management of periocular giant basal cell carcinoma

Clinical features, pathology, and surgical management of periocular giant basal cell carcinoma

Giant basal cell carcinoma on the leg and known HIV infection

Giant basal cell carcinoma on the leg and known HIV infection

Complex reconstruction of the orbitofrontal regions using three regional flaps after orbital exenteration for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma

Objective. The current paper presents an interesting case of facial reconstruction after the excision of a giant basal cell carcinoma located in the orbitofrontal region. Methods. Performing the excision while securing the appropriate oncologic safety margin has determined the appearance of a soft tissue defect that required a complex reconstruction using three regional flaps: frontal, temporal fascial and temporal muscle flaps. Results. After the excision and reconstruction in a single surgical stage, the postoperative result was favorable, the 12 months assessment showing that the patient was satisfied with the aesthetic aspect. Conclusion. Including the orbital exenterations in the excisional treatment of giant neoplasms located in the facial region requires a complex reconstructive plan. The surgical team has to consider the relief of the anatomical structures that are targeted, as well as the necessity of achieving satisfactory aesthetic results while ensuring oncological radicality.