Geotextile Reinforcement Research Articles

Assessment of Strength Properties of Clayey Sand Soils Admixed with Marble Powder, GGBS and Geotextile Reinforcement

The use of clayey sand is considered as a low-quality subgrade for pavement construction and presents several challenges. Clayey sand typically has poor engineering properties due to its less strength and high compressibility with moisture changes. This research work is mainly focused on the feasibility of clayey sand to make suitable to use as a subgrade soil when admixed with and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), which is also termed as Furnace Slag and Marble Powder and reinforced with geotextile. The aim is to evaluating the suitability and find optimum quantities of these additives in improving the soil’s engineering parameters. Different tests were conducted on the soil samples such as grain size distribution, Atterberg’s limits, compaction, California Bearing Ratio (CBR) and Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) by different amounts of additives. The soaked and unsoaked California Bearing Ratio values of soil reinforced with Geotextile increased to 4.2% and 6.8%, respectively, at 6% of marble powder. A similar trend of increased strength found in case of Furnace Slag admixed with soil reinforced with geotextile and found as 3.6 and 6.8%, respectively. However, it was found that beyond 6%, there is a decline in California Bearing Ratio, indicating that excess Marble Powder and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag negatively impacts soil strength. The use of geotextile reinforcement significantly enhanced Unconfined Compressive Strength values, with the best performance observed at 6% of Furnace Slag and 8% of Marble Powder obtained as 22.6 kPa and 19 kPa, respectively. Based on the results improvements in subgrade soil strength characteristics, the proposed methodology can be adopted for enhancing strength properties of clayey sand subgrades.

Strength Evaluation of Clayey Sand Admixed with Wollostonite with A Special Reference To Construction of Geotextile Reinforced Subgrade

Objectives: To enhance the performance of subgrade constructed using Clayey sand. Clayey sand is a commonly found inferior soil and it is made to be suitable for flexible pavement construction. This study is intended to make Clayey sand suitable by admixing with Wollastonite and embedding with geotextile reinforcement. Methods: The study involved laboratory tests to determine the optimal dosage of Wollastonite to stabilize clayey sand. Tests included Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) evaluations. Subsequently, geotextile reinforcement was incorporated with the Wollastonite-stabilized soil to further enhance its strength characteristics. Findings: The research revealed that Clayey sand, in its original form, is unsuitable for subgrade construction due to its poor strength properties. Admixing with Wollastonite significantly improved its strength and expected performance was observed at a specific dosage. Further enhancement was achieved by embedding geotextile reinforcement, which increased both UCS and CBR values. The combination of Wollastonite stabilization and geotextile reinforcement yielded requisite strength for Clayey Sand with respect to strength and stability thus making it suitable for subgrade construction of the flexible pavement. These findings are consistent with existing literature on soil stabilization techniques, but the usage of Wollastonite and geotextile in this context presents a novel approach. The results highlight the potential of this method to address the scarcity of suitable subgrade soils, offering a viable solution for pavement construction projects with inferior soils. Novelty: The study introduces Wollastonite and geotextile reinforcement as effective methods to stabilize and enhance the strength of Clayey sand for subgrade construction in flexible pavements. Keywords: Soil Stabilization, Clayey Sand, Subgrade, Wollostonite, Geotextile, Unconfined Compressive Strength, California Bearing Ratio

Analysis of Slope Stability Using Geotextile with The Limit Equilibrium Method in Gunung Sari, Batu

Gunung Sari Village, Batu City is a hilly mountainous area. Where the elevation contour of the land is at an altitude of ± 800 meters above sea level. Because of its hilly location, there are many steep slopes around the location. These slopes have the potential to experience landslides, considering that the rainfall in these locations is very high. Potential slopes with such conditions are suspected to have a safety factor (SF) < 1. For this reason, researchers are interested in analyzing the slopes on these slopes using the limit equilibrium method. In this study the method that will be used is to analyze the factor of safety in the existing conditions and the factor of safety after the slope is given geotextile reinforcement which will be modeled with the Geoslope/W 2012 application. The results of the safety factor analysis of existing conditions at cross 1 using the Geo Slope/W 2012 Program, the Bishop method, is 0.851, while for the Morgenstern method it is 0.961. Both methods show a safety factor value of less than 1 (F<1), which means the slope is unstable and has a high potential for landslides. The value of the safety factor with geotextile reinforcement for both methods has increased, making the slope more stable (F>1). The safety factor value for cross 1 of the Bishop method is 1.698 while for the Morgenstern method it is 1.702.

ANALISIS STABILITAS TIMBUNAN TANAH DENGAN PERKUATAN GEOTEXTILE MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWAREPLAXIS (Studi Kasus Pembangunan Jalur Ganda Antara Solo Balapan – Kadipiro - Kalioso)

This research aims to determine the stability of embankments without reinforcement and with reinforcement and the amount of settlement that occurs in accordance with the SNI geotechnical standard 8460 of 2017. The research location is in KM. 96 + 400 to 104 + 900 between Solo Balapan – Kadipiro – Kalioso. The analysis was carried out using Plaxis 2D Software version 8.6 without reinforcement, a safety factor value of 1.2 was obtained, where the result was below 1.5, which did not comply with the requirements of SNI 8460:2017 article 7.5.5. as well as a 30 day decline of 1,707 cm, a 100 day decline of 1.6 41cm and a 365 day decline of 1,691 cm. So it can be concluded that the embankment at that location is unstable. For this reason, additional geotextiles are added as reinforcement, after adding geotextiles. In the analysis of the embankment at KM 98 + 550 with the addition of embankment reinforced with geotextile, manual calculation results were obtained with a total of 5 layers of geotextile. The minimum geotextile length is 2.338 m and the stability of the bearing capacity is SF = 4.37 > 1.5. For embankment analysis at KM 98 + 550 after adding geotextile reinforcement. After adding alternative geotextile reinforcement, it was found that the safety factor value increased to 1.7, where this value was greater than 1.5 as indicated by SNI 8460: 2017 article 7.5.5, while the decrease at 30 days was 1,056 cm, the decrease at 100 days was 1,056 cm, and the decline in 365 days was 1,056 cm, so it can be concluded that the embankment at that location is considered stable.

Numerical analysis of soil–steel composite structure performance at ultimate load: impact of stiffening ribs and geotextile reinforcement

This study investigates soil–steel composite structures, emphasizing the role of stiffening ribs and geotextile reinforcement through comprehensive numerical modeling. This study presents a two-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) and compares the influence of stiffening rib and geotextile on the ultimate bearing capacity of the soil–steel composite structures. The results of this study demonstrate a significant enhancement in load capacity. Specifically, a notable 47% improvement was observed with a stiffening rib, and a 26% increase was noted with the use of a single layer of geotextile. Under peak load, the vertical displacement at the crown exceeds the permissible standard for all models except for one model, while bending moments reach their limits, marking a failure mode of composite system considered. Structures with stiffened ribs reach their load capacity due to the creation of a plastic hinge around the shoulder and haunch of the shell. On the other hand, in structures without stiffening ribs, the crown and haunch section of the shell becomes fully plastic under peak load. The maximum axial thrust is shown in geotextile-reinforced structure, reaching 78% of the shell maximum capacity due to compression. Eventually, stiffening rib substantially improves overall load-bearing capacity of the soil–steel composite structures, and geotextile placement in the upper part of the backfill reduces shell deflection due to bending.

Enhancing clay soil stability in seasonal freezing areas through waste cherry marble powder and geotextile reinforcement

In this study, the mechanical and durability performance of clay soils reinforced with different proportions of Cherry Marble Powder (CMP) and non-woven geotextile configurations, both independently and in combination, is investigated in detail at both the macro and micro levels. The effectiveness of reinforcement in the stabilization of clay soils in cold climates has been evaluated by means of Gray Correlation Analysis (GCA). The results show that as the CMP ratio and the number of geotextiles increase, the peak strength of the soil increases, with higher CMP levels showing perfect plastic behavior and more geotextiles showing linear strain hardening, particularly in combination. Substantial strength reductions post-7th cycle ranged between 91.09 % and 103.38 % for 12 % CMP and 219.83 % and 270.42 % for three-layered geotextile groups. Cohesion increased by 59.76 % and 179.41 %, while the internal friction angles remained stable and decreased after F-T cycles, except with additives. Failure modes shifted with CMP content, F-T cycles and confining pressure. The transition was from strain hardening to strain softening, with increased shear fracture planes and brittleness. The energy absorption capacity (EAC) increased with the CMP ratio, with the geosynthetic reinforcement increasing the EAC by a factor of 1.5 before and after the F-T cycles. The combined use of CMP and geotextiles in soil stabilization improved the engineering properties in areas of frost, with the optimum gradation being three layers of geotextile and a CMP ratio of 12 %, which effectively mitigated the effects of the maximum F-T cycle.

A Study on Deep-Seated Stability of Geotextile Reinforced Earth Embankment

A Study on Deep-Seated Stability of Geotextile Reinforced Earth Embankment

Improvement of Long-Term Performance of Unpaved Road Constructed Over Marginalized Subsoil Using Geotextile Reinforcement

Improvement of Long-Term Performance of Unpaved Road Constructed Over Marginalized Subsoil Using Geotextile Reinforcement

Biblometric Analysis of Landslide Slope Stability With Geotextile Reinforement Using Vosviewer

Using biblometrics, this study investigates the relationship between geotextile reinforcement and landslide slope stability. 1000 studies with interrelated topics were created by collecting various studies from 2000 to 2023 using Crossref. Publish or Perish sources were used to run this research network, which was then processed in Vosviewer and saved in Research Information System (RIS) format. The results of the analysis show that slope angle is the most frequently used word and is associated with 63 studies. The results of research conclusion data on the topic of slope stability with geotextile reinforcement continue to increase, with the highest number in 2023 (110 studies).Keyword: Landslides, slope stability, geotextile systems, prediction of landslide management.

An experimental study on the tensile properties of reinforced asphalt pavement

Abstract Utilizing one of the most effective new technologies is the primary goal of this research, which uses a combination of bituminous surfacing materials with geotextile reinforcement sheets, to improve the behavior of asphalt mixes and fatigue reduction. The aim of this research is to analyze the impact of woven geotextile upon fatigue characteristics of hot mix asphalt mixtures. In order to improve the tensile qualities of the asphalt pavement, the experimental program for this study includes the application of geotextile within the wearing layer. Marshall fatigue and stability tests were carried out. Four-point bending test in a strain-controlled mode was adopted in this study. Three micro strain levels (250, 400, 750) at a frequency of 5 Hz were used. The findings demonstrated that unreinforced mixtures have a shorter fatigue life than wearing layers reinforced with geotextile. Additionally, exposure to different temperatures (5, 20, 30°C) showed that the performance of the geotextile interlayer system in cold environments is inferior to that of those in warm and moderate climates. The analyzed geotextile has a positive impact on the performance of the pavement and a large potential to extend the life of the pavement as a whole, according to the obtained results of fatigue life.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Geotextile and Sub-Drainage in Addressing Road Subsidence on Bumiayu–Sirampog Road, Brebes Regency

Road subsidence commonly occurs in highlands which have poor soil parameters, supported by a lack of proper treatment to prevent subsidence. Common problems are the unequal bearing capacity of the subgrade at each location and variations in settlement caused by the presence of soft soil layers beneath the subgrade. This is why using a geotextile approach is the first step. Like the road subsidence incident located in Sridadi Village, Kec. Sirampog, Kab. Brebes, to be precise at KM 116+100 to KM 116+250, was caused by ground movement which was influenced by a fault from the North East to the South West. Based on the collection and processing of primary and secondary data, the results of the technical evaluation of road repairs on soft soil were obtained, namely treatment with geotextile reinforcement, namely class 1 stabilizer type. Use of 5″ PVC pipe sub-drainage and Ø 1 m Armco to drain water below the ground surface. Through 2D V20 plaxis modeling, the condition of soil stability can be determined before and after the use of geotextiles and sub-drainage at that location. Namely, it can minimize the extreme value of land displacement (Utot) which was originally 5.126 m to 1,414 m. And the reduction value obtained based on field observations was smaller than the laboratory calculation, namely 0.700 m < 0.845 m.

Cost and Duration Analysis on the Variation of Soil Improvement Method on Port Development at West Java

Several port facilities, including a container terminal, was built in a port reclamation project in Subang Regency, West Java. The soil improvement method employed in most reclamation projects usually involves prefabricated vertical drains, deep cement mixing (DCM), pile method, etc. This study aims to analyze the varying soil improvement methods, specifically deep cement mixing method and the pile method using bamboo piles and compare them for work efficiency based on time and cost. The methodology used in this study included literature studies, and qualitative analysis based on keyword. Based on the analysis results on the aspect of duration, the preparation, installation/design, and installation of barriers with geotextile reinforcement, backfilling, and pavement for the DCM and pile method required 743.15 days and 763 days respectively. The cost review, which referred to the unit price of Minister of Public Works and Housing Regulation No. 1 year 2022, found that the DCM method requires higher costs than piles. The analysis results also shown that the DCM method is more efficient due to the process in the DCM method has a fast installation duration, does not require many human resources on one job, and the materials used are environmentally friendly and more durable in water.

Behavior Study of Shallowly Buried Large-Span Steel Culverts by Inclusion of Geotextile Reinforcements

Behavior Study of Shallowly Buried Large-Span Steel Culverts by Inclusion of Geotextile Reinforcements

Finite Element-Based Design and Analysis of Unpaved Roads over Difficult Subsoil: Sustainable Application of Geotextile Reinforcement to Attain Long-Term Performance

Finite Element-Based Design and Analysis of Unpaved Roads over Difficult Subsoil: Sustainable Application of Geotextile Reinforcement to Attain Long-Term Performance

Evaluation of the use of residual soils of the Batolito of Antioqueño stabilized with quicklime for the construction of embankments and mechanically stabilized retaining structures

In general, road construction requires the exploitation of large quantities of granular materials, and this generates significant economic and environmental impacts. The use of excavated materials for the construction of fills, embankments and reinforced earth retaining structures is an ideal solution to reduce the exploitation of raw materials. However, the use of excavated materials can be limited when these materials are fine-grained or have low mechanical specifications. In this sense, soils stabilized with quicklime have become a viable alternative for road construction, reducing the use of quarried materials. Although there are standards and techniques for the use of quicklime improved soils for pavements, today the evaluation process of these materials for embankment and fill construction is not well established. This paper presents the results of an investigation to determine the impact of quicklime soil stabilization on the design of embankments and retaining structures reinforced with geosynthetics. First, a road embankment is presented for which a sensitivity analysis was carried out in terms of geometry and volume of material required. Secondly, a mechanically stabilized wall with geosynthetics is presented in which a sensitivity analysis is performed in terms of the amount of geotextile reinforcement required. In both cases, the models were analyzed using the shear strength parameters of a residual soil of the Antioquian batholith in its natural state and stabilized with quicklime obtained in laboratory tests. A quicklime content of 2% and design processes according to Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) manuals were used. The results show that in the embankment a reduction in the volume of material is obtained when using stabilized soil of around 15%, since greater slopes and heights can be used with respect to the geometry of the soil in its natural state. In the case of the stabilized wall, a reduction of approximately 50% in the amount of geosynthetics required was observed, since with the case of stabilized soil it is possible to achieve layer reinforcements of greater thickness and lower strength than those obtained with the soil in its natural state. Both cases show that the implementation of soils stabilized with quicklime can be beneficial in terms of costs since a reduction in resources and materials can be achieved.

Design of Geotextile Reinforced Gravel Roads Using Giroud and Han Approach for Indian Condition

Abstract Sustainable pavement is the need of the hour using the mechanistic and robust pavement design approach, eliminating empiricism in the present IRC SP 72-2015 design guidelines, if any. Giroud and Han (2004) (GH) approach has confirmed existing empiricism in IRC SP 72-2015 design guidelines and permits the use of locally available material, thus saving transportation costs and reducing air pollution. IRC SP 72 – 2015 recommends design thickness only for the unreinforced condition in gravel roads for the maximum rut of 50mm. This paper presents the comparative study of an unreinforced and geotextile-reinforced gravel road design for Indian conditions with the rut as a vital design parameter using the GH method for subgrade classes with 2% to 5% CBR and the maximum traffic count of 100,000. The proposed unique equation provides Allowable Rut Depth (ARD) based aggregate thickness for 10,000 to 100,000 traffic count apart from simplifying the complex procedure of the GH approach for IRC SP 72-2015 data. The unique equation’s result reveals an increase of 22.65% in aggregate thickness is attributed to the increase in ARD of 30mm using locally available poor aggregates. This confirms the practical relevance of ARD in pavement design that may help in planning maintenance programs and road rehabilitation strategies. The results obtained from the unique equation match 85 to 100% with GH results. Saving up to 36.5% to 76.9% of costly aggregate is found in the case of geotextile-reinforced gravel roads in Indian conditions.

Geotextile Reinforcement Model Laboratory Test on Silt Soil

Merauke Regency is a lowland area that has soft soil which predominates. One of the methods to overcome the subsidence in silt soil, it is necessary to strengthen it by using geotextiles. The function of the geotextile is to hold the soil surface so that there is no subsidence in the soil. This study aims to determine the carrying capacity of silt soil before and after being given geotextile reinforcement.The study used an experimental method using the addition of Geotextile (non-woven type TS600) to strengthen the carrying capacity of silt soil. The silt soil carrying capacity test was divided into several variations, namely without using geotextile reinforcement and reinforced with 1 layer, 2 layers, and 3 layers of geotextile at a depth of 10 cm, 20 cm and 30 cm.The results of research conducted in the laboratory, the use of geotextile materials to increase the carrying capacity of silt soil has increased compared to the initial conditions. Soil without using geotextiles has a greater decrease, namely at a load of 5 kN there is a settlement of 20.3 mm. By using a single layer geotextile reinforcement material at a load of 5 kN there was a decrease of 10.97 mm, while using a two layer geotextile reinforcement material at a load of 5 kN there was a decrease of 8.09 mm, and using a three layer geotextile reinforcement material with a load of 5 kN there was a decrease of 6.01 mm. It can be concluded that the use of geotextile reinforcement can reduce the settlement of silt soil.

Analytical and numerical models for strain and load calculations for geosynthetic liner systems on steep slopes

The paper develops an analytical model based on the force equilibrium for the design of steep slope geosynthetic liner systems to overcome downdrag loads from waste settlement. This analytical model calculates the required tensile stiffness for a high strength/stiffness geotextile (HS-GTX) reinforcement over the GMB to limit the maximum HS-GTX tensile strain to 5% and the maximum GMB strain to 4% on the side slope. The numerical model illustrates the need for reducing the GMB tensile strains for a single GMB liner on a steep landfill slope and confirms that the use of a HS-GTX over the GMB is able to limit the maximum HS-GTX and GMB tensile strains to the acceptable strain levels. The analytical model developed in this paper is a practical tool for preliminary design to limit tensile strains of the HS-GTX and GMB in a steep slope geosynthetic liner system.

Coir Geotextile Reinforcement for Sustainable Pavements: An Experimental Investigation into Structural Behavior

Coir Geotextile Reinforcement for Sustainable Pavements: An Experimental Investigation into Structural Behavior

Effect of Modified Geotextile Reinforcement on Improvement of Anchor Uplift Capacity: An Experimental Study

Effect of Modified Geotextile Reinforcement on Improvement of Anchor Uplift Capacity: An Experimental Study