Geoinformation Mapping Research Articles

About the experience of medical-geographical atlas mapping of the North Kazakhstan region

The article is devoted to medical and geographical atlas mapping. The results and accumulated materials of medical and geographical research of the North Kazakhstan region are presented, systematized and collected in a single key in the form of a complex of maps and models - a thematic medical-geographical atlas. The development of the atlas was based on the generally accepted principles of integrated system mapping. An extensive array of literary, reference, statistical, and cartographic data was used to create the atlas. Geoinformation mapping was performed in the program ArcGIS 10.8. (ESRI Inc.). The stages of development, structure, and content of the atlas are described. The atlas includes maps reflecting the natural, socio-economic factors of the formation of the health of the population of the region, demographic characteristics. In addition, it presents a series of maps on the nosogeography of natural focal diseases, the organization of the health system, and natural healing resources. The developed atlas is of a reference and informational nature and is intended for specialists of the healthcare system of the North Kazakhstan region, geographers, ecologists, as well as persons interested in medical and geographical research and mapping.

Geoinformation analysis of the vegetation cover of the northern regions of the Irkutsk region and its changes under the impact of fires

The northern regions of the Irkutsk oblast have been prone to fires in recent decades as a result of oil and gas and infrastructure development, as well as changing climatic conditions. Geoinformation mapping and analysis of the spatial structure of the vegetation cover of two key areas located in the area of the Vershina Khandy village and the village of Tokma for two time slices: 2013–2014 and 2018–2019 (before and after active forest fires, mainly in 2016 and 2017) was carried out. Mapping was done using the Random Rorest supervised classification method, Landsat 8 space images. As a result, 10 classes of vegetation cover were identified on the territory. It is shown that in the territories in 2013–2014 coniferous (light coniferous – pine-larch, larch-pine, less often dark coniferous – cedar and spruce) forests prevailed, as well as mixed coniferous-deciduous and deciduous forests and swamps. From 2013 to 2019, more than 20% of Tokma and more than 5% of Khanda key area was covered by fires. Mostly coniferous forests, as well as ernik bogs in the Tokma area were burning.

Использование данных дистанционного зондирования Земли для анализа межгодовой динамики площади Тениз-Коргалжынских озер

The Teniz-Korgalzhyn lake system has the status of an international Ramsar site and is the most important ornithological center in Central Asia. It includes more than 60 shallow fresh- and salt water bodies among which the largest salt ones are Big and Small Teniz and a group of fresh Korgalzhyn lakes. Fluctuations in water levels there and changes in their area determine the degree of favorable habitat conditions for key ornithological species. A quantitative assessment of the water levels’ interannual dynamics in 2006–2019 was carried out using remote sensing and geoinformation mapping methods. The choice of the methodology to use multispectral data for water surface area study is substantiated. Calculations are made, and a corresponding map of the bodies’ water surface area dynamics is compiled. Four periods with multidirectional dynamics of changes in it were identified. They are caused by both natural and anthropogenic factors and differ in intensity for fresh and salt lakes. Fluctuations of fresh Korgalzhyn ones are mostly associated with natural and climatic impact. Salty Big and Small Teniz are characterized by more significant changes in water surface the area, caused primarily by human activities, including periodic breakthroughs of retaining dams. Maximum deviations towards the increase were noted for fresh ones in 2016–2019, and for saline in 2014–2019. The observed decrease in the total area of the water surface in the period from 2006 to 2013 was mainly associated with the Small and Big Teniz

Intercity Traffic Travel Mode Identification Method Based on Mobile Signalling Data

With the popularity of mobile devices, the signalling data generated by them provides significant opportunities for studying intercity travel behaviour in terms of data scale and information continuity. However, due to the low quality of the data in spatial accuracy, temporal frequency, and traffic semantics, the accuracy of identifying individual travel modes is low and it is difficult to extend to complex traffic scenarios. In this paper, we propose a new framework for identifying individual intercity travel modes based on mobile signalling data. The framework includes components for data pre-processing, geo-information mapping, feature and attribute extraction, and travel mode recognition. We utilize a comprehensive detection model to identify users’ multimodal intercity transport behaviour. Using two modules, Random Forest Embedding (RFE) and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM), the model can capture the spatiotemporal characteristics and complex multi-stage associations in intercity travel chains. A large-scale mobile phone dataset from Jiangsu Province, China, was used for verification. The results showed that, on average, the method was able to detect travel mode with 92% accuracy. This study provides valuable support for further research on individual travel behaviour and the enhancement of transportation planning.

Muslim Holy Sites in the Southern Urals: geoinformation mapping and spatial analysis

In the last decade, there has been a tendency in the Southern Urals to reconstruct old and to form new holy places revered by Muslims. To date, more than 115 such objects have been recorded. Most of them are revered only by the residents of small villages, but some have acquired great importance for Muslims throughout the region. The purpose of this work is to identify the most popular places of worship of Muslims in the Southern Urals. Considering that some of the objects of regional importance have been revered by Muslims since the XIV century, and others, having appeared relatively recently, quickly became one of the most visited places, it is necessary to determine the factors influencing the growth of this popularity. The study supposed the Geoinformation methods to be used. Thus, using free Quantum GIS software, and on the basis of archival materials, archaeologists’, ethnographers’, religious scholars’, culturologists’ groundwork, as well as referring to the materials of Internet communities and other open sources, we have created the following layers: 1) Mausoleums, 2) Places of worship according to the Central Spiritual Administration of Muslims of Russia, 3) Places of worship according to the Internet community Sufi RB, 4) Religious tourist routes. Using a comparative method, it was determined that the most popular among Muslims in the region are the mausoleum of Hussein-Bey and Mount Narystau (Ilchigulovo IV, kurgan burial ground). The results of the study indicate that the popularity of objects is influenced by a number of factors: they can be identified as the presence of a monumental structure, the representation of the object in the media space and in the Internet, as well as the availability of objective scientific data about it.

Исследование изменения сети расселения в аридной зоне Узбекистана

The paper examines the issues of integrating geodata from different sources for geoinformation mapping of the transformation of rural settlement. The object of the study is the change in the population settlement network in the Khorezm oasis and the Fergana Valley of Uzbekistan. The study is based on the use of materials from official state statistics on the population in the context of individual settlements, cartographic materials and satellite imagery, and the results of field surveys for geoinformation mapping. An algorithm for geoinformation research of changes in the area and population of settlements over 1959-2023 is proposed. OpenStreet Map geodata are used as a base map, the detail and geometric accuracy of which are sufficient to calculate the quantitative characteristics of the transformation. Multi-temporal topographic maps at a scale of 1:200,000 for 1959, 1979 and 1989 are used to create geodata in vector format. Geocoding of source materials was carried out to form a database consisting of blocks for several dates. The results of the automatically calculated areas of each settlement were used to calculate their growth. Remote sensing materials, in particular, space materials obtained from the Landsat satellite for 1994, Landsat / Copernicus Data SIO, NOAA, U.S. Navy, NGA, GE- BCO April 10, 2013–December 14, 2015, October 4–December 14, 2023, and posted on Google Earth Pro, are used to update data geometry. ArcGIS Online services are used for interactive mapping. Data on the population of each locality on the indicated dates were used to calculate growth for the periods 1959–1979, 1979–1989, 1989–2023. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that at certain stages of development the transformation process is characterized by qualitative and quantitative changes in the settlement network. Methods of geospatial analysis were used to identify changes in the types and forms of settlement that characterize the features of the transformation.

Geoinformation services in precision agriculture

To maintain the agricultural resources of the Earth, it is necessary to use intelligent farming methods. Precision farming is one of the areas that allow to economically use the resources of the Earth. This article describes the original method of using the geoinformation service in precision agriculture. This strategy includes the following methods of geoinformation service: geoinformation mapping of fields, space monitoring, monitoring using unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned driving, agricultural machinery that allows the implementation of point application of moisture and fertilizers. A geoinformation service is understood on the one hand to be a professional activity in providing services based on spatial information, and on the other hand, a set of hardware, technical and telecommunication means for providing spatially distributed information. The authors believe that the implementation of precision farming should be based on the creation, editing and use of an intelligent digital field model. The article describes the method of functioning of such a model.

Innovative approaches to qualitative land assessment and valuation: use of modern technologies and geoinformation x systems

The article examines modern methods and technologies that can be used to increase the accuracy of land valuation. The authors analyze the current problems in the field of rating and offer ways of integrating geoinformation systems with the aim of creating a more objective and information-rich picture of land quality. The purpose of the article. Study of the potential of using the latest technologies and geoinformation systems in determining the quality and classification of land with the intention of increasing accuracy and impartiality in the assessment of land resources. Research methods. During the research, the following methods were used: comparative analysis, the method of automated image decoding, the cartographic method and the geo-information mapping method. The results. The article emphasizes the importance of geoinformation systems in the collection, processing and analysis of data, which allows taking into account a wide range of factors when evaluating land, including erosion processes, soil fertility, ecological status and other critically important indicators. Special attention is paid to the possibilities of using remote sensing and other automated methods for data collection. Conclusions. The results of the research are of practical importance, as they can be used to optimize agricultural management, plan the use of land resources, and develop strategies for their effective use and protection. Prospects for further research may include the development of new algorithms for the analysis and processing of data obtained from satellite images, as well as the improvement of existing geoinformation models for land evaluation. Integration of the obtained models and systems into the practical aspects of land use and agricultural management is also envisaged to optimize the use of land resources and increase the efficiency of land use.

Geoinformation analysis russian health system: modeling, visualization, analysis

In the Russian Federation, noticeable differences remain among its constituent entities in terms of citizens’ access to high-quality medical care. The primary challenges in the development of the nation’s healthcare system and its various regions are closely linked to demographic trends and the need to address mortality problems. The state of regional healthcare systems plays a pivotal role in influencing mortality rates, which, in turn, serves as a reflection of the regional and municipal healthcare systems’ overall development. Consequently, the development of an algorithm or methodology for assessing the effectiveness of healthcare systems, as mandated by strategic and territorial planning documents at all administrative levels, has become a pressing scientific concern and the focal point of this research. The development of the algorithm involved a multifactor analysis and geoinformation mapping methods. The authors have developed specific criteria to evaluate the current state of healthcare systems in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipalities, taking into account their impact on target socio-economic indicators and mortality rates aligned with the national objectives of the Russian Federation, as well as the goals outlined in the National Projects «Healthcare» and «Demography.» Through a comprehensive analysis of demographic and socio-economic factors, the research has unveiled distinctive characteristics in the spatial organization and structure of healthcare systems, both at the municipal and constituent entity levels within the Russian Federation. This analysis has facilitated the development of typologies for the constituent entities based on a comprehensive composite indicator that encompasses both medical and non-medical factors. The authors have introduced a system of cartographic indicators designed to evaluate the efficiency of the spatial organization of healthcare systems at various territorial levels, encompassing constituent entities of the Russian Federation, municipalities, and settlements. To support this evaluation, the authors have prepared a series of original cartographic materials for each level, featuring corresponding assessment indicators.

Gully Erosion Zoning in the Middle Volga Region

The article presents a new scheme of zoning of modern gully erosion in a large region of the Russian Federation. Automated landscape zoning by means of artificial neural networks was carried out in order to determine the natural and anthropogenic conditions for the development of the gully network. Erosion zoning was implemented on the basis of large-scale geoinformation mapping of gullies by the method of visual interpretation of high- and ultra-high-resolution satellite images for 2017–2021. The basins of small rivers (1314 in total) with an average area of 91 km2 are taken as operational-territorial units. 22688 gullies (including their holes) were identified in the study area, the average length of which is 65 m, and the total length of the gully network is about 1500 km. The density of the gully network averages 12 m/km2, reaching a maximum of 301 m/km2. The density of gully dissection is used as an indicator for the zoning of gully erosion, this indicator indirectly reflects the intensity of gully formation in geo-space. The dominant (84% of basins) are areas either with no gully dissection or having weak or very weak gully erosion. The main reasons for the widespread damping of gully erosion are related to changes in land use and in the climate system, as well as an evolutionary factor – the transition of many gully forms to the balka stage of development.

TERRITORIAL ANALYSIS OF MIGRATION INDICATORS OF NORTHERN KAZAKHSTAN

This article is devoted to the study of migration indicators, including the coefficients of migration growth, migration turnover, migration arrival and migration departure in the context of territorial and administrative units of Northern Kazakhstan. A comparative analysis of the calculations of statistical migration indicators for the years 2002-2011 and 2012-2021 in the context of regions, districts and cities of the study region. Based on the obtained calculations of four migration coefficients a typological grouping of Northern Kazakhstan was carried out, the main trends and intra-regional territorial disparities of migration processes indicators were revealed, and the method of geo-information mapping with the use of ArcGIS software was used.

Геосервисное решение проблемы актуализации пространственных данных по результатам государственного топографического мониторинга

The authors reveal the informational and functional contents of the geoservice, using the example of the proposed mechanism for updating spatial data using state topographic monitoring materials. The algorithm of a geoservice functioning based on the data obtained in the process of survey, detailed topographic monitoring and its further use as geoinformation services for solving the tasks of socio-economic, environmental, defense and national security of the Russian Federation is shown. The analysis of domestic experience in this field (the national spatial data system, the geoportal of the Federal Spatial Data Fund, the Public Cadastral Map, the Roscosmos Group of Companies, the “People’s Map”, i.e. Open Street Map on the Yandex Maps geoportal, etc.) enables determining the composition of geoinformation resources requiring periodic and operational updating. Creating and actualization of digital (electronic) topographic maps and other types of digital cartographic products in real time, using continuous topographic monitoring data, and presenting them to users through the geoservice “State topographic monitoring” is a promising scientific and practical direction for development of geoinformation mapping and infrastructure designed to spread relevant spatial data.

Geoinformation mapping of fire-damaged areas in saiga habitat in the North-Western pre-Caspian area of Russia

Geoinformation mapping of fire-damaged areas in saiga habitat in the North-Western pre-Caspian area of Russia

О ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИИ СХЕМЫ ОСОБО ОХРАНЯЕМЫХ ПРИРОДНЫХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ В КРАСНОДАРСКОМ КРАЕ. ГЕОИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЙ АСПЕКТ20

The paper presents the results of designing a scheme of protected natural areas in Krasnodar Territory (region) using satellite images and geoinformation mapping. The proposed substantiation of the location of protected areas is based on the biogeocenotic approach. The geobotanical factor of their location was taken into account through the accepted florogenetic zoning of the territory. The geoinformation aspect in the study was the key one and included a set of sequential actions: determining the location of promising protected areas based on data from the PROBA-V satellite system with a spatial resolution of 100 m (zonal design scale),analyzing the representativeness of vegetation cover types and unvegetated lands on sites of proposed protected areas (local scale),mapping and cartometric calculations, creation of a GIS of protected areas of the region. The design process was preceded by an analysis of the existing network of protected areas of Krasnodar Territory comprising 424 objects of various significance and categories with a total area of 958.7 thousand hectares, or 12.7% of the region’s territory. The scheme includes 29 territories with a total area of 24.6 thousand hectares. In each of the 10 florogenetic areas on the territory of the region, the organization of protected areas is proposed in accordance with the biogeocenotic approach. At the zonal level, the largest number of reserves (14) are designed in florogenetic areas in the flat part of the region in order to preserve the discovered fragments of primary natural complexes – grassforb and shrub steppes, ravine oak forests, and floodplain forests. At the local level, in determining the contours and sizes of the protected areas, the priority was the representativeness of vegetation cover types, established from satellite images.

Геоинформационное картографирование в образовательных программах кафедры географии и картографии Казанского университета

The article describes educational programs of Geography and Cartography Department of Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University — bachelor’s and master’s degree programs in the field of “Cartography and Geoinformatics”. The most important professional competencies in the field of geoinformatics mapping are enlightened, including those aimed at improving methodological skills and abilities related to the processing and analysis of spatial data, obtained from various sources. The main feature of the developed system of courses on geoinformation mapping is the variety of modern educational and geoinformation technologies. Due to them, each course provides an opportunity to master a wide range of problem-solving skills in the environment of various geoinformation systems, and can be used for both full-time and online learning forms of education. The effectiveness of educational programs is revealed, inter alia, through interaction with employers. Among partners of Geography and Cartography Department of Kazan Federal University are State Budgetary Institution “Spatial Data Foundation of the Republic of Tatarstan”, Innopolis University, Municipal Budgetary Institution “Institute of City Development” (Kazan), State Budgetary Institution “Institute of Spatial Planning of the Republic of Tatarstan”, Limited Liability Company “GC-group”, etc.; companies providing consulting services and performing expertise—Limited Liability Company “Geoconsulting”, Limited Liability Company “Expert Consulting Center ‘Industrial Safety’ ”, Limited Liability Company “Multifunctional Engineering Center”, large companies working in the field of technical inventory of real estate, surveying, land management, such as Joint-Stock company “Bureau of Technical Inventory and Cadastral Works of the Republic of Tatarstan”; Ministries of Construction, Agriculture and Food, Forestry of the Republic of Tatarstan and a number of other organizations and enterprises.

Использование ГИС-технологий для планирования озеленения городской среды

The article is devoted to the consideration of the possibilities of using GIS technologies in solving the problem of optimizing the greening system of urban environment objects. The study was carried out on the example of the territory of the educational institution—NpLC “Manash Kozybayev North Kazakhstan University” (M. Kozybayev NKU). The possibility of using GIS technologies, ERS materials when performing inventory and studying the state of green spaces, creating a database, identifying problems of the existing landscaping system and developing measures to optimize it is shown. The research included the following stages: development of a preliminary model and database structure for green spaces, field work, aerial photography from UAVs, processing of collected materials in special software applications, creation of a database and a map of the campus landscaping system. The processing of aerial photography materials was carried out in the Agisoft PhotoScan Professional Edition program, geoinformation mapping was carried out using the ArcGIS 10.4 package (ESRI Inc.). An electronic geodata database and an interactive map of the university’s green infrastructure have been created. The database contains quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the objects of the campus landscaping system. Areas of promising landscaping have been identified; measures have been proposed to improve the landscaping system of the university campus. The developed geodata database and interactive map of green spaces can be useful to the university and find application in solving problems of improving landscaping and creating a comfortable environment on campus. The collected data can find its application in the creation of an information system for landscaping objects of the city of Petropavlovsk and may be included in it as an integral part for maintaining the urban cadastre of green spaces and monitoring the state of vegetation. The research was carried out within the framework of grant funding under the Sustainability Living Lab program.

Разработка электронных карт объектов культурного наследия Русского Севера

Now, interest in the exploration of territories located in the north of the Russian Federation is growing rapidly. The northern regions of the country began to play one of the key roles due to the redistribution of economic and financial flows, as well as increased attention to security and upholding Russian geopolitical interests. The concept of “Russian North” has moved from the category of ethno-historical to a rigid legal one and includes a list of administrative lands, where there are both huge mineral reserves and unique objects of nature and culture created by various peoples and ethnic groups. The use of geographic information systems (GIS) and maps as the results of the work of GIS is the most efficient, objective and visual tool for displaying cultural heritage objects for further use of knowledge on their functioning and conservation. This article demonstrates the experience of creating a series of electronic maps of cultural heritage objects on the territory of the Russian North (scale 1:6 500 000) based on geoinformation mapping using author’s classifications. The relevance of the study stems from the fact that at the moment there is no single unified database for mapping cultural heritage sites of the Russian North, and all cartographic materials and results of GIS operation that are in the public domain cannot provide all classification units in a single series of visual cartographic models. The article proposes for consideration three electronic maps: “Russian North. Objects of temple architecture of federal importance”, “Russian North. Objects of industrial and civil architecture of federal significance”, “Russian North. Objects of cultural heritage of regional significance”. It is proposed to introduce strict classifications of cultural heritage objects of the Russian North, which are logical for use on a series of electronic maps: categories (federal objects/regional objects), types of objects (monuments/ensembles/places of interest), content types (objects of temple/industrial and civil architecture, etc.) and the UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The experience of developing electronic maps of the cultural heritage of the Russian North aims to unite all the objects of these unique territories according to various classifications in a single series of thematic maps and thereby make it possible to simplify decision-making for administrators at various levels when working with protected cultural heritage objects of the Russian North.

Трансформация сельских систем расселения Иркутской области в условиях депопуляции (на примере Чунского районного муниципального образования)

On the example of the Irkutsk region, changes in the system of rural settlement under the influence of the depopulation process are revealed. The period from 2002 to 2021 is considered. Geoinformation mapping shows a pronounced degradation of the rural settlement of most municipal districts of the region outside the Irkutsk agglomeration. The results of the study on the example of one of the municipal districts of the region — Chunsky, revealed that the process of depopulation covers all settlements: urban and rural, different functional and settlement types, with a central and peripheral intra-district geographic location. The main trigger for this process is the economic factor: deagrarianization of rural areas, a decrease in the production functions of rural settlements due to the instability of industrial and agricultural economic entities, their low labor intensity and low power, and the lack of sectoral diversification. The situation is complicated by the regional-peripheral type of geographical location and distance from sales markets. The main links of the settlement system of the area – the centers of settlement, are also subject to transformation, which, in the conditions of a general low population and a reduction in the number of rural settlements, can lead to the loss of the spatial organizing function of the area.

Опыт формирования набора данных для составления карт уездов XVIII–XX вв. (на примере Ардатовского уезда Симбирской губернии)

In historical and geographical research, when analyzing the formation, founding and development of territories, maps are of particular value. This article describes the experience of mapping the territory of Ardatovsky district of Simbirsk province in the 18th–20th centuries. The history of the formation of the county covers 150 years. Since its formation, the county has gone through various transformations, as a result of which the territory, the composition of settlements, their name and administrative affiliation have changed. After studying the historical and geographical features of the territory formation, it was decided to compile several maps of the county at different times so that they characterize the main periods of its existence. For this purpose, three eras were chosen, corresponding to 1780, 1859 and 1927. In the work presented by this article, various cartographic, accounting, statistical and literary sources were selected and studied, which were used to create maps for the territory of Ardatovsky district of the late 18th—early 20th centuries. These were both historical and modern maps, as well as modern materials—ready-made vector layers and a database of settlements in the Republic of Mordovia. The sources of the middle of the 19th century were recognized as the most complete, reliable and meeting the objectives of this study. Therefore, at the first stage of the work, the network of settlements of the county was reconstructed for this time period by geocoding in the GIS a list of settlements in the Simbirsk province, presented in the form of an electronic table. A specially prepared point layer of settlements was used as the initial spatially coordinated information. To create it, various cartographic and archival materials, statistical and reference sources were involved. At the second stage, the county border and the road network were adjusted. For each of the three epochs mentioned above, similar sets of spatial data were formed, on the basis of which maps of Ardatovsky district were compiled using the methods of geoinformation mapping.

Геоинформационное картографирование эколого-магнитного состояния почв г. Краснокамска

The article is devoted to geoinformation mapping of the ecological and magnetic state of soils in the city of Krasnokamsk. The study included point determinations of the volumetric magnetic susceptibility of soils and the concentration of heavy metals, followed by mathematical-cartographic modeling of the results obtained. Mapping the magnetic susceptibility of soils makes it possible to form areas of the ecological and magnetic state of soils, along which samples are taken for the determination of heavy metals. Thus, the sample size of soil samples for heavy metal studies is reduced without a significant decrease in the representativeness of the final results, which determines the relevance of the studies performed. The purpose of the research is geoinformation mapping of the ecological and magnetic state of soils in the central part of the city of Krasnokamsk. The boundaries of research from the south are limited by the industrial zone of the city, which is mainly represented by pulp and paper industry enterprises. In the eastern part of the survey area, Zakamskaya CHPP-5 and a machine-building plant are located. The soil cover of Krasnokamsk is represented by urbanozems and technogenic surface formations. The total number of magnetic susceptibility measurement points was 77, and heavy metals were determined in 10 samples. During processing spatial data, the methods of mathematical-cartographic modeling, spatial overlay and binary classification were used. The interpolation was performed by the geostatistical method ordinary kriging using the Spatial Analyst tool of the ArcGIS 10.8 program. The creation of the Web GIS “Geoinformation system of magnetic susceptibility and heavy metals in the soils of Krasnokamsk” was performed on the basis of QGIS open geotechnologies using the qgis2web tool, the VS Code code editor. The Web GIS is hosted on the free GitHub platform. Based on the results of mapping, soil contamination with nickel and copper was established. The total area of pollution was 0.55 km2.