Georeferenced Research Articles

The Elephant(s) in the Newsroom: A Mixed Methods Study on the Use of News Agency Material

ABSTRACT News agencies remain one of the most important sources of journalistic reporting. It is all the more astonishing that, with a few exceptions, they still represent a major blind spot in journalism research. Using a mixed method approach of quantitative content analysis and qualitative interviews with practitioners from media outlets and news agencies, this study investigates how and how much online media outlets of different media types located in the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia use material from different news agencies. The study also examines the differences in subject areas and geographical reference areas and explores the rationale behind how and how much news agency material is used. The study confirms the very high and, partially, even increasing relevance of news agencies in media markets in the present and the foreseeable future. It also asks critical questions about the implications for journalism and democratic societies as a whole.

Madrid’s linguistic landscape: languages and cultural allusions in the Vista Alegre neighbourhood

ABSTRACT The linguistic landscape of Vista Alegre, a multicultural migrant neighbourhood in Madrid, was analysed to explore the interplay between language use, public spaces, and societal dynamics. By examining 137 non-official signs geolocated in linguistic cartography, the study aimed to identify the languages employed and the strategies of certain communities to make themselves visible. Spanish emerged as the predominant language, followed by English, while Chinese, Romanian, Arabic, and Italian collectively accounted for less than 10% of the sample, indicating a broad linguistic diversity not directly correlated with the resident population's linguistic composition. Regarding strategies, nearly half of the signs displayed semiotic strategies such as personal and family names, geographic references, and flags. Notably, nationalities such as Chinese and Romanian do not leverage the linguistic landscape for identity expression, in contrast to Honduran, Colombian, Ecuadorian, and Venezuelan communities, which use it to render themselves visible. The term ‘Latino’ is prominently presented to foster a collective identity among various nationalities. This linguistic landscape analysis underscores that in the ethnolinguistic vitality of Vista Alegre, national visibility is made apparent through the choice of language along with cultural and geographical references that will help negotiate identities.

Comparative bibliometric analysis of artificial intelligence-assisted polyp diagnosis and AI-assisted digestive endoscopy: trends and growth in AI gastroenterology (2003-2023).

Artificial intelligence is already widely utilized in gastroenterology. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the research hotspots and development trends within the field of AI in gastroenterology by employing bibliometric techniques to scrutinize geographical distribution, authorship, affiliated institutions, keyword usage, references, and other pertinent data contained within relevant publications. This investigation compiled all pertinent publications related to artificial intelligence in the context of gastrointestinal polyps and digestive endoscopy from 2003 to 2023 within the Web of Science Core Collection database. Furthermore, the study harnessed the tools CiteSpace, VOSviewer, GraphPad Prism and Scimago Graphica for visual data analysis. The study retrieved a total of 2,394 documents in the field of AI in digestive endoscopy and 628 documents specifically related to AI in digestive tract polyps. The United States and China are the primary contributors to research in both fields. Since 2019, studies on AI for digestive tract polyps have constituted approximately 25% of the total AI digestive endoscopy studies annually. Six of the top 10 most-cited studies in AI digestive endoscopy also rank among the top 10 most-cited studies in AI for gastrointestinal polyps. Additionally, the number of studies on AI-assisted polyp segmentation is growing the fastest, with significant increases in AI-assisted polyp diagnosis and real-time systems beginning after 2020. The application of AI in gastroenterology has garnered increasing attention. As theoretical advancements in AI for gastroenterology have progressed, real-time diagnosis and detection of gastrointestinal diseases have become feasible in recent years, highlighting the promising potential of AI in this field.

Geographical reference adjustment of MTVZA-GYa satellite microwave radiometer frequency channels 52–91 GHz

Geographical reference adjustment of MTVZA-GYa satellite microwave radiometer frequency channels 52–91 GHz

Liquid territories: the configuration of geographic space in the cartography of the Mekong River’s catchment areas

AbstractThe role played by the Mekong River in the organization of land and people is inextricably linked with a particular spatial category. The concept of the hydrological catchment extends the space of the river far beyond the limits of the river’s perennial waterbodies, to encompass vast areas inhabited by millions of people speaking different languages. Fundamental to the estimation of precipitation and water volume, areal denotations of the Mekong’s basin, delta and floodplain have been repeatedly drawn on maps by geographers, planners, engineers and cartographers. Mapped representations of the Mekong River however are not only the result of recording the flows of water, nor the domain of a single discourse. With diverging intentions, distinct and sometimes conflicting projections of the basin, delta and floodplain have prescribed the differentiation and unification of parts of mainland Southeast Asia, to articulate liquid territories that are outside a single state’s jurisdiction. To understand how the Mekong’s catchments emerge as the geographic reference for human activities, the paper examines the technical and cultural notions that underpin the preparation of these maps. Focusing on early European maps of the Mekong’s delta and floodplain, the paper draws on the discourses of hydrology, geography, and cartography to ask what territories are produced and maintained by evoking the geography of the river’s flows.

ANALISIS DAN VISUALISASI DATAPENDERITA PENYAKIT DBD DI SITUBONDO MENGGUNAKAN PLATFORM TABLEAU

Cases of dengue fever in Situbondo are very fluctuating and unpredictable. This shows that dengue fever is still a problem that requires serious health attention. The infectious disease dengue fever is caused by the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Fluctuations in dengue fever cases are due to erratic rainfall. Sometimes rainfall is higher and the rainy season is longer. On the other hand, sometimes rainfall is relatively lower and the dry season is longer. This research aims to analyze and visualize data on dengue fever sufferers in Situbondo using the Tableau platform. The data used is map data per region or spatial data that has geographical references and historical data on dengue fever patients in Situbondo from 2016 to 2022. Data was obtained from the website Tanahair.indonesia.go.id and the Situbondo Community Health Center. The research results show that data visualization using Tableau can produce good, effective, interesting and efficient information. The results of data visualization of dengue fever sufferers in Situbondo showed that there were 2 cases of death. Cases of dengue fever sufferers are spread throughout all villages in Situbondo. It is hoped that the results of this research can help in adopting appropriate policies to control dengue fever in Situbondo.

Первые результаты инфракрасной съемки с БПЛА термальных объектов Курильских островов в 2023 г.

For monitoring hard-to-reach thermal facilities, remote surveillance techniques from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) equipped with a thermal infrared camera represent a progressive platform for rapid information collection. This paper presents the first results of such an application of UAVs to study five thermal objects on the Kuril Islands. Four of them (Kipyashchaya Riwer on Iturup Island, Lake Biryuzovoye on Simushir Island, Yankich Island and Yurieva River on Paramushir Island) are associated with active volcanoes. Heat maps with precise geographical reference have been obtained for all sections of gas hydrothermal discharge. For Kipyashchaya River and Yankich Island verification of air thermometry by ground data was performed and real atmospheric attenuation coefficients were obtained for different flight altitudes under observed meteorological conditions. The first data on the parameters of the thermal plume from the hot Yurievа River flowing into the Sea of Okhotsk were obtained.

Refined Aircraft Positioning Based on Stochastic Hybrid Estimation with Adaptive Square-Root Unscented Particle Filtering

The positioning of civil aviation aircraft relative to a geographic reference point on Earth in a Cartesian frame is significant to detect the deviations from the desired path, especially for high-altitude airports or special airports based on performance-based navigation (PBN). To obtain these critical deviations during aircraft approach and landing, it is fundamental to estimate the continuous flight variables and discrete flight modes simultaneously with enough accuracy. With the coordinate conversion between the North, East, and Down (NED) frame and the geographic coordinate system based on World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS-84) considered, this study proposed a non-linear stochastic hybrid estimation algorithm with adaptive square-root unscented particle filtering (ASR-UPF) to estimate the true path. The probabilities of mode transition, represented by the normal cumulative density function of continuous states, determine whether to proceed with mode transitions. In addition, the adaptive update characterized by tracking variable noise and the importance sampling distributions based on the results of square-root unscented Kalman filtering (SR-UKF), as a comparative study of continuous system filtering, were used. The experiments illustrated the ASR-UPF is able to reduce the state estimation error more effectively, and more promptly track the error caused by incorrect mode estimation with adaptability compared to the SR-UKF. A further test with real flight data indicates that the proposed method gives the refined estimation of position and azimuth in NED frame.

A Semantic-Spatial Aware Data Conflation Approach for Place Knowledge Graphs

Recent advances in knowledge graphs show great promise to link various data together to provide a semantic network. Place is an important part in the big picture of the knowledge graph since it serves as a powerful glue to link any data to its georeference. A key technical challenge in constructing knowledge graphs with location nodes as geographical references is the matching of place entities. Traditional methods typically rely on rule-based matching or machine-learning techniques to determine if two place names refer to the same location. However, these approaches are often limited in the feature selection of places for matching criteria, resulting in imbalanced consideration of spatial and semantic features. Deep feature-based methods such as deep learning methods show great promise for improved place data conflation. This paper introduces a Semantic-Spatial Aware Representation Learning Model (SSARLM) for Place Matching. SSARLM liberates the tedious manual feature extraction step inherent in traditional methods, enabling an end-to-end place entity matching pipeline. Furthermore, we introduce an embedding fusion module designed for the unified encoding of semantic and spatial information. In the experiment, we evaluate the approach to named places from Guangzhou and Shanghai cities in GeoNames, OpenStreetMap (OSM), and Baidu Map. The SSARLM is compared with several classical and commonly used binary classification machine learning models, and the state-of-the-art large language model, GPT-4. The results demonstrate the benefit of pre-trained models in data conflation of named places.

Standardizing Normal Reference Value for Thyroid Uptake of Technetium-99m Pertechnetate in Nepalese Population.

Objective Changes in normal reference values of thyroid uptake for iodine have been reported due to geographical and chronological fluctuations in dietary iodine intake in different populations. Nepal is a country with mixed ethnicity, with access to dietary iodine in the form of successful universal salt iodination program by the government of Nepal since 1973. The aim of this study was to establish the normal reference values for thyroid uptake of technetium-99m (Tc-99m) pertechnetate in the Nepalese population in iodine sufficiency era. Methods We prospectively evaluated 52 clinically and biochemically euthyroid participants (46 females and 6 males) with age range from 20 to 71 years who underwent a thyroid Tc-99m pertechnetate scan and uptake between December 2019 to November 2023 in the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chitwan Medical College fulfilling inclusion/exclusion criteria. Biochemical thyroid function tests were reviewed and Tc-99m pertechnetate thyroid uptake values were determined for each patient. Blood was withdrawn for thyroid hormone assessment. Euthyroid participants were then administered 3.5 to 4.5 mCi of Tc-99m pertechnetate intravenously and their percentage thyroid uptake was calculated after 20 minutes. Results The mean and median uptake of Tc-99m pertechnetate in euthyroid patients were 1.26 and 0.85%, respectively, and the interquartile range was 0.7 to 1.7%. The normal reference uptake value for Tc-99m pertechnetate in the studied population ranged between 0.3 and 3.6%. The fifth and 95th percentiles for pertechnetate uptake were 0.5 and 2.9%, respectively. Conclusion The normal reference range for Tc-99m pertechnetate thyroid uptake in Nepalese population was 0.5 to 2.9% that is lower than the currently accepted international standard of 0.75 to 4.5%. Uptake also increased with increasing age. This study highlights the importance of periodically redefining the geographic location specific normal thyroid uptake reference values.

Deep Neural Networks for Location Reference Identification From Bilingual Disaster-Related Tweets

Twitter is increasingly being used during disasters to communicate with authorities, ascertain the ground reality, and coordinate real-time rescue and recovery activities. Geographical location information about users and events is critical in these scenarios. Geotagged tweets are extremely infrequent, and other location fields, such as user location and place name, are unreliable. The extraction of geographical information from tweet text is limited by the fact that individuals frequently publish multilingual tweets that contain numerous grammatical and spelling errors, as well as nonstandard acronyms. As a result, determining the geographical location of the tweet is a challenging problem. This article presents a technique based on deep neural networks for extracting geographical references mentioned in bilingual tweets. Several deep learning-based models, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs), long short-term memory (LSTM), bidirectional LSTM (Bi-LSTM), and attention-based Bi-LSTM, are implemented on real-world English and Hindi language tweets to determine their suitability for extracting location references. The proposed CNN, along with a conditional random field at the last layer, is found to perform better than other models, with an <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$F_1$</tex-math> </inline-formula> -score of 0.858. The findings of this study can aid in early event detection, pinpointing the area of devastation and victims, real-time traffic management, and a number of other location-based applications. The suggested system’s code and trained model may be obtained at https://github.com/Abhinavkmr/Bi-lingual-location-reference-identification.git.

A Pathologist Visit to the Zoo: A Review on Animal Eponyms in Pathology

The world of pathology encompasses a broad spectrum of diseases beyond the boundaries of specialties, with each disease having specific and interesting gross and microscopic features. Some of these features are pattern-based, while others are eponyms that compare them to objects, food, animals, etc., due to their striking resemblance and quick recall. Medical nomenclature is of vital importance, and it has significantly evolved historically, with etymological roots from Latin, Greek, and Roman languages of ancient times to the current internationally uniform codes of English and other modern languages. Eponyms are valuable medical literary epithets that have been used across specialties and include animal names, food names, discoverer names, geographic references, and more. The subject of pathology, in particular, has immense use of eponyms as they are valuable tools for assisting in adult learning, or andragogy. The specialty of pathology is unique in its complex patterns and diagnostic algorithm, always in need of alternate systems to arrive at quick and accurate diagnosis. Also known as intuitive thinking or reflex thinking, pattern viewing and eponyms trigger a reflex recognition system, reducing recall time and aiding in precise diagnosis. The present article aimed to review the terminological phenomenon of animal eponym usage in the context of pathological diagnosis.

EASTERN BORDERS OF ART NOUVEAU: FROM JAPAN TO TURKESTAN

The article is devoted to the complex analysis of the peculiarities of the perception of the «East» by artists of the second half of the 19th — early 20th century in the process of formation of new aesthetic and visual qualities of the creative paradigm of Art Nouveau. For this purpose, we have identified the Oriental historical and cultural regions that were as distinctive as possible in their influence on the interpretive method of the artists of the emerging modernist movements. Initially prepared by external socio-­political circumstances, the interest in certain eastern areas had internal reasons determined by artistic tasks. At the international level, the genesis of poetic aspects in the interpretation of real motifs, which began in Romanticism, organically coincided with the discovery by Western civilization of the artistic achievements of Japan, the fascination with which led to a qualitatively new understanding of the possibilities of visual language in the art of the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. However, in the context of the history of domestic art, the masters of Russian Art Nouveau, at different stages of its development, had not only pan-­European, but also their spiritual and geographical eastern reference points, such as Byzantium, the Caucasus and Turkestan. It is on the example of the synthesis of figurative influences of the above-­mentioned cultures in this study revealed the specificity of Orientalism in the art of the Art Nouveau era as a complex multifaceted phenomenon, which was based on the poetic imperative of creativity.

THE ALORESE LANDSCAPE TERMINOLOGY: FORM, FUNCTION, AND SEMANTIC REFERENCES IN AN AUSTRONESIAN LANGUAGE IN EAST INDONESIA

This paper aims to describe the landscape and seascape terminology of Alorese, an Austronesian language spoken in the Alor archipelago of eastern Indonesia. Alorese uses unique way of expressing landscape terminology by retaining some of its ancestral Austronesian landscape terminology and innovating relatively new forms, functions and semantic references from its neighboring non-Austronesian languages. Previous research show that Alorese has innovated relatively new forms due to contact with its surrounding non-Austronesian languages. The current paper fills the gap where there has not been any discussion regarding the Alorese landscape terminology outside its preposition function. Discussion on cross-linguistic categorization, such as landscapes in areas such as eastern Indonesia is proven to be fruitful. The Alorese linguistic landscapes are expressed through geographical references and some forms appear unique to Alorese's dialectal variations. In general, the reference to elevations and directionalities in Alorese is achieved through geographical references, such as nala kokar ‘towards Kokar (a town)’ or klou lau ‘seawards (lau 'sea')’ rather than generic land form terms, suchas wara ‘westwards’ which is also an Indonesian loan barat ‘west’. Its non-Austronesian borrowed terminologies include words, such as iti dola ‘mountainwards’, containing loanwords from Alor-Pantar (Papuan) languages dol ‘mountain’. The data of this research were gathered from my 2018 and 2020 fieldwork in 14 Alorese villages located across the northern coast of Alor and Pantar as well as the small islands of Buaya and Ternate. Collections of terminologies show variations in the use of words not only depending on the geographical references, but also relative to the neighboring non-Austronesian languages.

Changes in agro-climatic characteristics and their impact on crop yields in the Saratov region

The sustainable development of agricultural production in the conditions of global climate warming is largely determined by the timely provision of up-to-date agrometeorological information. To process and interpret long-term agrometeorological data with their geographical reference, it is advisable to use the tools of geographical information systems. The article presents a method of interpretation of agrometeorological information by means of geoinformation technologies. A comparative characteristic of the probability of droughts of strong and very strong intensity in separate periods of the growing season for 1971-2000 and 2001-2021 for the natural zones of the Saratov region was given. The initial material was the climatic data on the weather stations of the Saratov region. The yield data were taken from statistical collections. Geospatial analysis of long-term climatic indicators allowed us to present their spatial distribution at the regional level.

Quantitative morphometric analysis of a river basin using GIS techniques: Case study of Miljacka River, Bosnia and Herzegovina

This paper concerns the analysis of the morphometric characteristics of the Miljacka river basin using the Digital Elevation Model of the terrain in the Geographical Information System. A quantitative geomorphological analysis of general characteristics was performed, whereby the analysis was supplemented with specific parameters of the drainage system, which are of linear, areal and relief characteristics. Standard mathematical formulas and software tools for Surface and Hydrology in the GIS software environment were used to estimate the mentioned parameters, using ArcMap 10.4. By working in the Arc Map program, a database system was created, with the use of a grid system, which offers the possibility of overlaying geospatial data, extracting certain parameters and their analysis and synthesis. The analyzed parameters are indicators of the shape and recent processes in the relief. They represent a supplement in the inventory and typification of relief forms, which, thanks to GIS software, have a geographic reference, which facilitates their correlation. The importance of the conducted analysis is reflected in the fact that the obtained data have a numerical value, are verifiable and can be applied multiple times in practice for the purposes of determining erosive processes, protecting and improving space and the living environment, solving water management problems, planning economic activities and drafting spatial plans.

A Spatially-Aware Data-Driven Approach to Automatically Geocoding Non-Gazetteer Place Names

Human and natural processes such as navigation and natural calamities are intrinsically linked to the geographic space and described using place names. Extraction and subsequent geocoding of place names from text are critical for understanding the onset, progression, and end of these processes. Geocoding place names extracted from text requires using an external knowledge base such as a gazetteer. However, a standard gazetteer is typically incomplete. Additionally, widely used place name geocoding—also known as toponym resolution—approaches generally focus on geocoding ambiguous but known gazetteer place names. Hence, there is a need for an approach to automatically geocode non -gazetteer place names. In this research, we demonstrate that patterns in place names are not spatially random. Places are often named based on people, geography, and history of the area and thus exhibit a degree of similarity. Similarly, places that co-occur in text are likely to be spatially proximate as they provide geographic reference to common events. We propose a novel data-driven spatially-aware algorithm, Bhugol , that leverages the spatial patterns and the spatial context of place names to automatically geocode the non-gazetteer place names. The efficacy of Bhugol is demonstrated using two diverse geographic areas – USA and India. The results show that Bhugol outperforms well-known state-of-the-art geocoders.

Geographic Reference Income and the Subjective Wellbeing of Australians

Geographic Reference Income and the Subjective Wellbeing of Australians

Studying the genetic diversity of the varicella-zoster virus in selected regions of the Russian Federation using high-throughput sequencing

Introduction. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV), the causative agent of the disease of the same name and herpes zoster, is phylogenetically divided into 8 clades, the distribution of which is characterized by geographic reference to certain regions of the world. For most countries, VZV clades circulating in their territories have been identified, however, such information is almost unavailable for Russia.&#x0D; The purpose of the study is to develop an effective method for VZV typing using high-throughput sequencing technologies to identify the prevalence of various VZV clades in Moscow, Moscow Region, and Stavropol Territory.&#x0D; Materials and methods. To genotype VZV, it is enough to refer to 7 nucleotide positions. Their unique combinations can be used to assign the virus to one of the clades. Short sections of nucleotide sequences of open reading frames were obtained using a developed set of primers.&#x0D; Results. A VZV genotyping technique has been developed and optimized. Using this technique, primary data on the distribution of VZV clades in the studied regions have been obtained. Thus, it has been established that in Moscow and a number of other regions, the 1st, 3rd, and 5th clades of VZV are predominantly distributed.&#x0D; Conclusion. The developed technique, including a primer panel and a genotyping algorithm, allows VZV typing in a short time while reducing specimen preparation costs and simultaneously increasing the number of specimens in one sequencing cycle. The results obtained using this assay allow us to assume that in Moscow, Moscow Region, Stavropol Territory, VZV, clades 1, 3, and 5 are the most represented ones. To confirm this hypothesis, it is necessary to include a larger number of clinical specimens in subsequent studies, including from other regions of the country.

The North (ṣāpôn) in the Book of Jeremiah

Abstract The »foe from the north« is a well-known trope in the book of Jeremiah. In 1989 David Reimer argued that this enemy should be understood as a nonspecific earthly enemy, with mythical overtones deriving from the location of Yhwh’s divine abode on Mount Zaphon. Contemporary historiographical debates, together with Otto Eißfeldt’s arguments for an Israelite tradition of a »mythischen Nordberg«, exerted significant influence on Reimer’s discussion. This article examines these presuppositions, reconsiders the evidence, and argues that Jeremiah’s enemy »from the north« is a simple geographical reference to the Babylonian Empire.