Genotoxicity In Cell Lines Research Articles

Profiling of biomarkers for the exposure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: lamin-A/C isoform 3, poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase 1, and mitochondria copy number are identified as universal biomarkers.

This study investigated the profiling of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon- (PAH-) induced genotoxicity in cell lines and zebrafish. Each type of cells displayed different proportionality of apoptosis. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number was dramatically elevated after 5-day treatment of fluoranthene and pyrene. The notable deregulated proteins for PAHs exposure were displayed as follows: lamin-A/C isoform 3 and annexin A1 for benzopyrene; lamin-A/C isoform 3 and DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha for pentacene; poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP-1) for fluoranthene; and talin-1 and DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha for pyrene. Among them, lamin-A/C isoform 3 and PARP-1 were further confirmed using mRNA and protein expression study. Obvious morphological abnormalities including curved backbone and cardiomegaly in zebrafish were observed in the 54 hpf with more than 400 nM of benzopyrene. In conclusion, the change of mitochondrial genome (increased mtDNA copy number) was closely associated with PAH exposure in cell lines and mesenchymal stem cells. Lamin-A/C isoform 3, talin-1, and annexin A1 were identified as universal biomarkers for PAHs exposure. Zebrafish, specifically at embryo stage, showed suitable in vivo model for monitoring PAHs exposure to hematopoietic tissue and other organs.

Genotoxicity in cell lines induced by chronic exposure to water-soluble fullerenes using micronucleus test

Nanomaterials have numerous potential benefits for society, but the effects of nanomaterials on human health are poorly understood. In this study, we aim to determine the genotoxic effects of chronic exposure to nanomaterials in various cell lines. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, human epidermoid-like carcinoma (Hela) cells and human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells were treated with the water-soluble fullerence C(60)(OH)(24) for 33-80 days. Cell proliferation, cytotoxic analysis and micronucleus tests were performed. When treated with C(60)(OH)(24) (0, 10, 100, or 1000 pg/ml) for 33 days, both the HEK293 and Hela cells showed increased cell proliferation, but cellular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was not affected. After long-term exposure (80 days) to C(60)(OH)(24) (0, 10, 100, or 1000 pg/ml), the CHO, Hela and HEK293 cells showed increased genotoxicity on the micronucleus test. This study suggests that nanomaterials, such as C(60)(OH)(24), have genotoxic effects.

Genotoxicity in Cell Lines Induced by Chronic Exposure to Water-Soluble Fullerenes Using Micronucleus Test

Genotoxicity in Cell Lines Induced by Chronic Exposure to Water-Soluble Fullerenes Using Micronucleus Test